Analysis Of Sections Research Articles

The RaKJA Application for Designing Android the Based Road Section Performance

Abstract Performance analysis of road sections is usually carried out on road sections that have the potential for high traffic jams, then perform performance calculations and obtain recommendations for problems on these road sections. However, currently it is still difficult to calculate road performance because it has to be done manually in the calculations and looking for the necessary factors. This research aims to create an application to assist in calculating the performance of Android-based roads more easily and flexibly, this application is called RAKJa (Road Performance Analysis Design) which will be published generally on the Google Play Store so that it can be used by anyone who needs it. This RAKJa application will be developed based on the Indonesian Road Capacity Guidelines (PKJI 2014), this application gets results in the form of degree of saturation, level of service, average speed, delays and queue length automatically without needing to look for the required factors in the PKJI 2014 table. Application This RAKJa was created using the Game Maker Language programming language from the Game Maker Studio 2 developer. Calculation of road performance using the RAKJa application produces the same results as calculations carried out manually. Validating the accuracy of the application from previous research urban road performance data based on the PKJI 2014 and primary data obtained accurate results of 90%.

Clinical fluorescence-guide surgery: Tracking leucine aminopeptidase for assisting head and neck squamous cell carcinoma surgery via a near-infrared fluorescent probe

The complete excision of tumors is critical for surgical treatment and the most used for intraoperative margin control method is frozen section analysis (FSA). However, due to its subjective and time-intensive property, there is still a lack of a rapid and effective means to clearly delineate the boundaries between normal and tumor tissues. In this work, we first demonstrated that leucine aminopeptidase (LAP) is highly expressed in clinical head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and could be used as a biomarker of HNSCC. Based on this, we reported a LAP-activated fluorescent probe, SiR-LAP, and showed its effectiveness in identifying HNSCC. Importantly, we also demonstrated that the fluorescence imaging results of the probe in human tumor tissues are highly consistent with pathological staining results, highlighting its potential as an adjunct to surgical resection. In addition, intraoperative pathology section detection by fluorescent probe technology took half the time required for H&E staining. This research is poised to advance the application of fluorescent probes in tumor diagnosis and surgical excision assistance.

The personalization of government: concept and comparative analysis

ABSTRACT The personalization of politics is one of the most important political phenomena of our time. Following the decline of traditional party government, various political systems have seen a radical shift of power from collective to individual actors. In this context, one of the main forms of the personalization of politics is the personalization of government. Heads of government have become more central to democratic executives due to their direct relationship with citizens, their greater control over government action, and structural changes in the institutional setting in which they operate. Although a large body of comparative evidence seems to support this trend, the existing literature has not yet offered a precise conceptual lens through which to do a detailed analysis of this transformation over time. This article introduces the concept of “monocratic government” as a way to study the personalization of government in terms of the ability of leaders to create consensus and use their powers effectively, and to analyse other contextual factors such as the party-system and executive-legislative relations. The last section analyses the Italian Republic over different time periods, paving the way for further comparative analysis.

Assessing the spatial-temporal environmental efficiency of global construction sector

The extensive waste emissions and energy consumption in the construction industry has spurred calls for sustainable development reform. Identifying valuable development paradigms through evaluating the spatial-temporal environmental efficiency (EE) of the construction sector offers an effective avenue for practice guidance. However, a comprehensive and detailed global analysis of the construction sector's EE remains lacking. This study applies the super-slack-based measure (Super-SBM) model to assess EE of the construction sector across 112 countries from 2006 to 2016. The results reveal relatively low overall EE performance of global construction sector, with notable disparities among countries and improvements were observed in certain years. Singapore, Malta, and Paraguay emerge as top performers, while Moldova, Swaziland, and Iceland rank at the bottom. The findings highlight significantly better EE in European and coastal Asian countries compared to inland Asian and African nations. Using the Tobit model, we identify that industrial structure, trade dependency, international cooperation, energy intensity, and geographic factors significantly influence EE, with varying impacts across countries of different income levels. These findings provide a comprehensive overview of the global construction sector's environmental efficiency, emphasizing the urgent need for increased awareness and the adoption of sustainable practices. The study offers practical policy implications, advocating for targeted strategies to balance economic development with environmental protection.

Calculating the fatigue strength of load-bearing structures of special self-propelled rolling stock

This research primarily focuses on the strength indicators of the bearing structures of ADM-1 special self-propelled rolling stock. The special self-propelled rolling stock used by Uzbek railroads reaching the end of their functional life is a pertinent problem as Uzbekistan's railway system is growing rapidly, but there is a lack of enough funds to buy new special self-propelled rolling stock. Hence, it is vital to fix the issues with ADM-1 special self-propelled rolling stock by overhauling them. At the outset, the researchers divided the frame of a special a self-propelled rolling stock into multiple sections. Subsequently, these individual sections were analyzed closely to spot out issues. The precise location of the fatigue defect occurrence on the longitudinal beams was determined by the analysis of the individual sections of the special self-propelled rolling stock. During the motor carriage's modernization, which is an approach to extend the service life and improve the durability of special self-propelled rolling stock, this analysis helped in pinpointing exactly the location on the frame where the stress measurements had to be calculated. Pre- and post-modernization calculations were carried out on the vehicle to determine the optimal placement of the reinforcing plates. Additionally, normative calculations were also conducted and a new design mode distinct from the repair loads was implemented. The computation results revealed that the fatigue resistance reserve coefficient and service life value prior to the bearing structure’s modernization in section 1 were below the required values of n = 1.5 and 1.49, respectively. All the sections of the load-bearing structure fulfilled the fatigue resistance reserve coefficient standards after the modernization. The computational model of the motor carriage's structural strength was created in the ANSYS Workbench platform. This research intends to enhance the strength determination procedures and provides recommendations for design and restoration of modern structures of special self-propelled rolling stock.

Tumor spread through air spaces in lung cancer: prospective analysis of the accuracy of intraoperative frozen section examination.

To establish the accuracy of frozen section examination in identifying tumor spread through air spaces (STAS), as well as to propose a reproducible technical methodology for frozen section analysis. We also aim to propose a method to be incorporated into the decision making about the need for conversion to lobectomy during sublobar resection. This was a nonrandomized prospective study of 38 patients with lung cancer who underwent surgical resection. The findings regarding STAS in the frozen section were compared with the definitive histopathological study of paraffin-embedded sections. We calculated a confusion matrix to obtain the positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), sensitivity, specificity and accuracy. The intraoperative frozen section analysis identified 7 STAS-positive cases that were also positive in the histopathological examination, as well as 3 STAS-negative cases that were positive in the in the histopathological examination. Therefore, frozen section analysis was determined to have a sensitivity of 70%, specificity of 100%, PPV of 100%, NPV of 90.3%, and accuracy of 92% for identifying STAS. Frozen section analysis is capable of identifying STAS during resection in patients with lung cancer. The PPV, NPV, sensitivity, and specificity showed that the technique proposed could be incorporated at other centers and would allow advances directly linked to prognosis. In addition, given the high accuracy of the technique, it could inform intraoperative decisions regarding sublobar versus lobar resection.

Gender Budgeting: A Contextual Analysis of the Higher-Education Sector in Albania

Gender Budgeting: A Contextual Analysis of the Higher-Education Sector in Albania

Origin, structure, and composition of the spider major ampullate silk fiber revealed by genomics, proteomics, and single-cell and spatial transcriptomics.

Spiders produce nature's toughest fiber using renewable components at ambient temperatures and with water as solvent, making it highly interesting to replicate for the materials industry. Despite this, much remains to be understood about the bioprocessing and composition of spider silk fibers. Here, we identify 18 proteins that make up the spiders' strongest silk type, the major ampullate fiber. Single-cell RNA sequencing and spatial transcriptomics revealed that the secretory epithelium of the gland harbors six cell types. These cell types are confined to three distinct glandular zones that produce specific combinations of silk proteins. Image analysis of histological sections showed that the secretions from the three zones do not mix, and proteomics analysis revealed that these secretions form layers in the final fiber. Using a multi-omics approach, we provide substantial advancements in the understanding of the structure and function of the major ampullate silk gland as well as of the architecture and composition of the fiber it produces.

Associations of mental health with vaccination readiness in informal caregivers and the vaccination status of their care recipients during the Covid-19 pandemic – A cross sectional analysis

IntroductionVaccinations are important for informal caregivers and their care recipients. Mental health problems are common among care givers. The aim of this study was to investigate vaccination readiness in informal caregivers and associations with mental health issues. Associations between vaccination readiness in informal caregivers and the vaccination status of their aged care recipients were examined. MethodsWithin the multicenter prospective registry study ‘Bavarian ambulatory Covid-19 Monitor (BaCoM) ‘, informal caregivers were asked for symptoms of depression (PHQ-9), burden of caretaking (BSFC-s), psychological antecedents of vaccination readiness (5C model) and previous Covid-19 infections of their care recipients. The vaccination status against Covid-19, seasonal influenza and pneumococcal disease was determined via vaccination certificates. Data analysis was performed using ordinal regressions and Mann-Whitney-U tests. ResultsData of n = 91 informal caregivers, associated with n = 84 care recipients were collected. Symptoms of depression were associated with reduced vaccination readiness (Calculation: p = 0.026, OR = 1.18), as well as the perceived burden of caretaking (Confidence: p = 0.006, OR = 0.88). A previous Covid-19 infection of the care recipients was associated with decreased vaccination readiness of informal caregivers (Median (Q1–Q3) Confidence: 5.0 (4.5–6.0) vs. 4.0 (3.0–5.0); Calculation: 5.0 (3.0–6.0) vs. 4.0 (1.0–5.0)). The vaccination status of the care recipients interrelated significantly with vaccination readiness of their informal caregivers (Confidence: p < 0.001; Complacency: p < 0.01; Constraints p < 0.05). No significant interrelations between vaccination readiness and the vaccination status against seasonal influenza or pneumococcal disease occurred. ConclusionMental health issues of informal caregivers seem to be associated with the actual vaccination status against Covid-19 in their care recipients. Target group specific counselling as well as an active involvement of informal caregivers in shared decision-making processes can be of relevance, but even more attention should be paid to the protection of mental health for informal caregivers.Trial registration number: German Register of Clinical Studies DRKS 26039.

Application of (U-Th)/He hematite geochronology to the Çaldağ lateritic Ni-Co deposit, Western Anatolia: Implications for multi-stage weathering events during interglacial periods/segments

Lateritic Ni-Co deposits are supergene deposits that develop due to intense weathering of the underlying ultramafic parent rocks and/or their serpentinized equivalents under tropical to sub-tropical climatic conditions. These deposits provide not only important sources of valuable metals such as iron, aluminium, nickel, and cobalt, but they also provide a proxy for paleoclimatic conditions. In this regard, geochronological studies on these deposits are critical to determine the timing of the paleoclimatic conditions, which is important for a better understanding of the paleoclimate at regional scale and for identification of favourable weathering periods that can be targeted in the exploration of undiscovered lateritic deposits in a region. In this contribution, we report hematite (U-Th)/He geochronology results from a well-preserved Çaldağ lateritic Ni-Co deposit in Western Türkiye. We sampled the different parts of the lateritic profile from the different laterite zones at the Çaldağ deposit and carried out analyses of polished thin section to determine and identify the phases of hematite formation and primary hematite formed during primary lateritization. Then, we applied scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis and TESCAN Integrated Mineral Analyser (TIMA) mineral mapping to identify the suitable areas on primary hematites for subsequent (U-Th)/He dating.Primary hematites are detected at the base of the lateritic profiles (transition between the limonite zone and altered serpentinite) that are only in-situ parts of the laterites exposed in two different pits in the deposit. The obtained (U-Th)/He dates of ca. 502, 206, 178, and 63 ka correspond to the interglacial periods. The three youngest (U-Th)/He dates (206, 178, and 63 ka) from the weathering front of the hematite pit become younger towards the deeper parts of the profile in the direction of weathering. The ages indicate the weathering processes should have lasted until the Quaternary with some interruptions during interglacial periods/segments, despite the fact that the main intensive lateralization period is thought to be during the Middle Eocene.This study presents the first hematite (U-Th)/He dating of lateritic Ni-Co deposits and demonstrates the reliable use of this method after a careful selection of hematite samples. Our results suggest that, in contrast to the short-living lateritization model for lateritic Ni-Co deposits, they may have a multi-stage weathering history throughout their long-lasting development. In addition, the study showed that it has huge potential for the dating of lateritization and weathering processes that are related to paleoclimatic events. Finally, knowledge of the favourable paleoclimatic periods of chemical weathering in a region may help in determining the potential areas for ultramafic exposures for discovering new lateritic deposits.

The Predictive Ability and Profitability of Moving Average Rules in the Saudi Stock Market

Abstract Following the implementation of capital market reforms, Saudi Arabia has opened up its stock market to international investors. This liberalisation has led to the inclusion of the stock exchange into leading global indices, which is expected to lead to an influx of foreign investment. Thus, it is important and timely to examine the efficiency of the Saudi stock market. To that end, this paper conducts a comprehensive investigation of the predictive ability and profitability of a popular trading rule, the moving average rule, using firm-level data for the Saudi stock market over the period 1st January 2008 to 31st December 2017. The results show that the moving average rule has predictive ability; the active rules for a majority of the sample companies outperformed the corresponding passive strategy. Furthermore, the results were economically significant as the rules were profitable even after the consideration of transaction costs. The results also showed that the most profitable moving average rules were those with short-moving average lengths, and that the introduction of a bandwidth, which serves to eliminate weak trading signals, had a positive impact on rule profitability. Importantly, the analysis showed that the most profitable component of the rule related to short selling as these trades resulted in higher profits than the long positions. A disaggregated analysis of sectors showed that the trading rules outperformed the buy-and-hold strategy in all seven industries considered, while the analysis of covariance revealed the importance of careful selection of filter size. Overall, the analysis documents significant inefficiencies in the Saudi stock market and suggests that the employment of a simple trading rule, based on past price data, can yield substantial profits across companies and sectors even in a costly trading environment. These findings suggest that the recent reforms that were implemented to improve the efficiency of the Saudi stock market have been suboptimal, and that further regulatory reform is required.

&lt;i&gt;In situ&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;in silico&lt;/i&gt; modeling of the hematopoiesis-inducing effect of chelidonic acid

The current trend in regenerative medicine, in the context of an aging population, is the search for new ways and means to optimize tissue bioengineering. One of the convenient models for in situ studying bone marrow regeneration is the subcutaneous ectopic osteogenesis test on scaffolds that imitate the architecture of bone tissue. Chelidonic acid (CA), a small molecule, is capable of participating in various cellular processes and metabolic pathways, and it can activate the osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. However, the molecular mechanisms behind the regulatory effects of CA remain unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the modulatory effect of CA on the in situ formation of hematopoietic foci, as well as to predict target genes and intracellular signalling pathways involved in the hematopoietic activity of CA. An aqueous solution of CA, isolated from an extract of the Saussurea controversa plant. Course (daily for 35 days) oral administration of CA. Ectopic osteogenesis testing in Balb/c mice. Morphometric analysis of histological sections after 45 days and in silico modelling of gene expression with statistical analysis. CA, when administered orally in a low dose (10 mg/kg), threefold increases the normalized area of bone marrow in the composition of bone tissue plates grown in situ in a test of ectopic subcutaneous osteogenesis in mice. This effect is associated essentially (a probability of CA activity Pa 0.5 and a probability of inactivity Pi 0.5) with enhanced expression of 358 hematopoiesis-related genes, as predicted by in silico analysis. The top list with the highest Pa value included 10 target genes, such as GATA1, CITED2, SFRP1, EP300, LGALS9, VNN1, IL10RB, RARA, CD83, and HMOX1. CA has a significant ability to enhance the reparative remodelling of hematopoietic tissue in situ. The next phase of research will be to test actual target genes and signalling pathways that mediate the regulatory effect of HC on hematopoiesis both in vitro and in vivo, as well as in clinical settings.

Incorporation of suvorexant and lemborexant into hair and their distributions after a single intake.

This study examined the applicability of hair analysis as an approach to identify suvorexant (SUV) and lemborexant (LEM) intake by analyzing black hair specimens collected from study participants after a single oral administration. Hair specimens were collected form participants who took a single dose of 10 mg SUV or 5 mg LEM. Identification of the dual orexin receptor antagonists (DORAs) and their metabolites was performed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Reference standards of S-M9 and L-M4, the metabolites of SUV and LEM, respectively, were synthesized in our laboratory. Sectional analysis of 1-mm segments of the single-hair strands was also performed to investigate the incorporation behavior of the drugs into hair. Unchanged SUV and LEM, and their metabolites S-M9 and L-M4 were detected even in the single-hair specimens. Results of the segmental hair analysis showed predominant incorporation of the drugs into hair through the hair bulb region rather than through the upper dermis zone of the hair root. The drug concentrations in the hair specimens, collected about 1month after intake, were 0.033-0.037pg/hair strand (0.17-0.19pg/mg) for SUV and 0.054-0.28pg/hair strand (0.28-1.5pg/mg) for LEM. The calculated distribution ratios of the DORAs into hair to the oral doses were much lower than those of benzodiazepines and zolpidem reported in a previous study. This is the first report of the detection of the DORAs in hair. The incorporation behavior of the DORAs into hair revealed herein are crucial for proper interpretation of hair test results.

Tectono-sedimentary evolution of prolific Permo-Triassic petroleum reservoirs offshore Iran: Insights from seismic stratigraphy

The foreland basin extending through the Persian Gulf is one of the world's most prolific petroleum resource-bearing regions. The structural evolution of parts of that basin has been strongly influenced by Late Proterozoic/Early Cambrian Hormuz Salt formation movements, which have also controlled the distribution of petroleum resource accumulations. Fields SP and BL are characterized to distinguish the tectono-sedimentary evolution of the central and eastern parts of the basin, respectively. Field-SP is located within the Qatar Arch in the central part of the basin, whereas Field-BL is situated in the southeastern part of the basin and is tectonically influenced by the Hormuz Salt movements. 3D seismic data and information from two exploration wells are assessed in detail to define and compare the deformation history of the Permo-Triassic succession in these two fields. The Dalan (Upper Permian) and Kangan (Lower Triassic) formations and their equivalent Khuff Formation to the west host more than thirty-three known gas and gas-condensate fields within the basin that have evolved structurally in this tectono-sedimentary setting. This study integrates 3D seismic, well log, core, and thin section analysis from two wellbores drilled in the two studied fields. It applies seismic stratigraphic methods and principles to distinguish the architecture of relevant depositional tracts and interfaces and determine how they have evolved through geologic time. The results reveal that the different thicknesses of the Hormuz Salt (Cambrian) underlying the two studied fields, and the salt tectonic activity it has driven, are ultimately responsible for the distinctive structural evolutions and Permo-Triassic reservoir qualities observed in those fields. The significance of this finding is that by applying the developed seismic stratigraphy techniques integrated with existing well data on a regional basis offers the opportunity to identify undrilled exploration targets with an improved chance of containing high-quality Dalan/Kangan reservoir sections.

Long-term residence and efficacy of adenovirus-mimetic nanoparticles in renal target tissue

A major shortcoming in the treatment of mesangial cell-associated diseases such as IgA nephropathy, diabetic nephropathy, or lupus nephritis, which frequently progress to end-stage renal disease, is poor drug availability in the glomerular mesangium. Drug delivery via active targeting of nanoparticles, using ligands attached to the particle surface for target cell recognition to increase the biodistribution to the mesangium, is a promising strategy to overcome this hurdle. However, although several glomerular tissue targeting approaches have been described, so far no study has demonstrated the particles’ ability to deliver sufficient drug amounts combined with an appropriate nanoparticle target retention time to trigger relevant biological effects in the mesangium. In our study, we encapsulated erastin, a ferroptosis-inducing model compound, into adenovirus-mimetic, mesangial cell-targeting nanoparticles, enabling the direct visualisation of biological effects through ferroptosis-dependent histological changes. By intravital microscopy and analysis of histological sections, we were not only able to localise the injected particles over 10 days within the target cells but also to demonstrate biological activity in the renal glomeruli. In conclusion, we have characterised adenovirus-mimetic nanoparticles as a highly suitable drug delivery platform for the treatment of mesangial cell-associated diseases and additionally provided the basis for a potential renal disease model.

Economic Resilience and Gender Empowerment: A Post-Pandemic Analysis of Bangladesh's Ready-Made Garment Sector

Economic Resilience and Gender Empowerment: A Post-Pandemic Analysis of Bangladesh's Ready-Made Garment Sector

Centralized prostatectomy with intraoperative NeuroSAFE margin assessment improves surgical margin control.

To investigate the surgical margin status in patients with prostate cancer who underwent robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) with intraoperative neurovascular structure-adjacent frozen-section analysis (NeuroSAFE) and evaluate differences compared to patients who underwent radical prostatectomy without NeuroSAFE. Between September 2018 and January 2021, 962 patients underwent centralized RARP with NeuroSAFE. A secondary resection was performed in case of a positive surgical margin (PSM) on intraoperative frozen section (IFS) analysis to convert a PSM into a negative surgical margin (NSM). A retrospective cohort consisted of 835 patients who had undergone radical prostatectomy in a tertiary centre without NeuroSAFE between January 2000 and December 2017. We performed multivariable logistic regression to evaluate differences in risk of PSM between cohorts after controlling for clinicopathological variables. Patients operated with NeuroSAFE in the centralized clinic had 29% PSM at a definitive pathological RP examination. The median cumulative length of definitive PSM was 1.1 mm (interquartile range: 0.4-3.8). Among 275 men with PSM, 136 (49%) had a cumulative length ≤1 mm and 198 (72%) ≤3 mm. After controlling for PSA, Grade group, cribriform pattern, pT-stage, and pN-stage, patients treated in the centralized clinic with NeuroSAFE had significantly lower odds on PSM (odds ratio [OR]: 0.70, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.56-0.88; P = 0.002), PSM length >1 mm (OR: 0.14, 95% CI: 0.09-0.22; P < 0.001), and >3 mm (OR: 0.21, 95% CI: 0.14-0.30; P < 0.001). This study provides a detailed overview of surgical margin status in a centralized RP NeuroSAFE cohort. Centralization with NeuroSAFE was associated with lower PSM rates and significantly shorter PSM cumulative lengths, indicating improved control of surgical margin status.

The influence of different diagenesis on the elastic properties of different shale lithofacies: a case study of the upper Permian Wujiaping formation in East Sichuan Basin, China

Understanding the impact of diagenesis on the elastic properties of organic-rich shale reservoirs is essential for evaluating unconventional hydrocarbon reservoirs and interpreting seismic data. Recent advancements in the exploration of the Permian Wujiaping Formation in the eastern Sichuan Basin indicate its potential to become a significant succession within the Sichuan Basin. However, the effect of different lithofacies in the Wujiaping Formation on shale elastic properties under varying diagenetic conditions remains unclear, hindering detailed reservoir interpretation. This study employs X-ray diffraction, thin section analysis, scanning electron microscopy, organic geochemistry, and dynamic elastic property tests to investigate the Wujiaping Formation shale. The results reveal three primary lithofacies types: argillaceous shale, mixed shale, and siliceous shale. Argillaceous shale, subjected to intense compaction, forms a dense rock framework of oriented clay minerals, characterized by low porosity (1.66%), low elastic wave velocity (4122.30 m/s), low elastic modulus (2174.59 m/s), and high Poisson's ratio (32.24 GPa). Mixed shale, dominated by carbonates and quartz, exhibits a rock framework formed through dissolution and cementation, with high elastic wave velocity (5196.54 m/s), relatively high elastic modulus (2975.86 m/s), and moderate Poisson's ratio (58.53 GPa). Siliceous shale, comprising biogenic quartz particles, shows strong resistance to compaction. During hydrocarbon generation, it develops abundant organic matter pores, resulting in the highest porosity (2.36%), high elastic wave velocity (5177.92 m/s), high elastic modulus (2975.86 m/s), and low Poisson's ratio (62.23 GPa). The significant differences in mineral composition and diagenetic processes across the lithofacies lead to distinct elastic properties. This study provides a rock physics framework for the detailed seismic prediction of "sweet spots" in the Wujiaping Formation shale reservoirs and offers new insights into characterizing the diagenesis of unconventional shale reservoirs using geophysical properties.

Structural and chronological constraints for Longquan‐Badu ductile shear zone: Implication for Triassic intraplate orogeny in South China Block

The ductile shear deformation of Precambrian basement rocks in Wuyishan provides a crucial perspective on intraplate orogeny in the South China Block (SCB). This study focuses on the Longquan‐Badu ductile shear zone in southeastern Zhejiang, employing field observations, thin section analysis, quartz electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), zircon U–Pb dating and 40Ar/39Ar geochronology. Two distinct phases of deformation, referred to as D1 and D2, have been identified. D1 is primarily characterized by a WNW–ESE striking foliation within a NE‐plunging lineation, indicating top‐to‐SSW shearing. The paragneiss within the Badu complex that experienced D1 deformation has been dated to 247–239 Ma through zircon U–Pb analysis, corresponding to the prevalent high‐pressure metamorphic age in the region. This correlation suggests that the D1 deformation event coincided with crustal thickening during the Early Triassic. D2 deformation exhibits folds, foliation, S‐C fabrics and mylonitic microstructures and is mainly characterized by striking NNE–SSW with steeply dip, demonstrating a dominant dextral strike–slip component. Quartz c‐axis orientations in mylonitic rocks indicate deformation temperatures between 350°C and 550°C with asymmetric girdle patterns suggesting simultaneous basal and prism slip. The plateau ages of muscovite from mylonitic rocks obtained through 40Ar/39Ar dating are approximately ~228 Ma implying that the D2 deformation occurred under retrograde amphibolite to greenschist facies metamorphic conditions during Middle Triassic. Collectively these data along with regional geological evidence signify two distinct intracontinental orogenic processes occurring in eastern SCB. Considering Early Mesozoic tectonothermal events in Cathaysia Block, it can be inferred that intraplate orogeny in Wuyishan resulted from plate‐margin collisions between SCB and peripheral plates following scissors closure of Palaeo‐Tethys from east to west.

Association of obesity with osteoporotic fracture risk in individuals with bone metabolism-related conditions: a cross sectional analysis.

This study aimed to investigate the individual and composite associations of different indices of obesity on osteoporotic fractures at three different sites among individuals affected by conditions influencing bone metabolism. Participants were included from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), a national cross-sectional survey. BMI and WC were used separately and in combination to evaluate the presence of obesity. Obesity was defined as BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2, WC ≥ 88 cm in females, and WC ≥ 102 cm in males. Associations between obesity and osteoporotic fractures were assessed using multivariable logistic regression and OR curves. Associations modified by age, sex, race, and alcohol consumption were also evaluated. A total of 5377 participants were included in this study. In multivariable logistic regression analyses, we found that BMI, WC, BMI defining obesity, and WC defining obesity were negatively associated with hip fracture (all p < 0.05). However, harmful associations between WC and BMI defining obesity and spine fracture were found (all p < 0.05). OR curves revealed that BMI and WC had a linear relationship with hip and spine fractures (all P for non-linearity >0.05). Further analyses showed that the highest WC quartile was harmfully associated with a higher risk of spine fractures (p < 0.05). Obese participants diagnosed by both BMI and WC were less likely to have hip fractures but more likely to have spine fractures (all P for trend <0.05). A significant interaction between age (Ref: age < 50 years) and BMI and WC was detected for hip fractures (all P for interaction <0.05). In people with conditions influencing bone metabolism, obesity diagnosed by BMI and WC was associated with a lower risk of hip fracture, while obesity diagnosed by BMI and the highest WC quartile were associated with a higher risk of spine fracture.