Analysis Of Related Indicators Research Articles

УПРАВЛІННЯ РИЗИКАМИ ЯК ДІЄВИЙ ІНСТРУМЕНТ ЗРОСТАННЯ КОНКУРЕНТОСПРОМОЖНОСТІ СУБ’ЄКТА ГОСПОДАРЮВАННЯ

The article deals with issues related to the analysis of financial and economic activities of an enterprise. The methods for its realization are also investigated. Modern risks faced by business structures encourage the formation of effective management. Risk-oriented management should be viewed as a monolithic approach to understanding and predicting the likelihood of risks. Risk management is an effective tool for improving the competitiveness of a business entity. However, in order to detect certain changes in financial and economic results, effective control over the company's key financial indicators must be exercised. This results in the company's ability to implement measures aimed at protecting and enhancing the competitiveness of the business entity, its profitability, economic growth, efficiency of financial resources, solvency, use of labor and material resources, as well as the efficiency of the company as a whole. For a modern society, it is extremely important to form a clear vision of modern risks and their connection with the competitiveness of a business entity. This implies understanding the circumstances of the risk of minimizing it and identifying the consequences. Russia's armed aggression has created new threats and problems for the development of our country in general and its economy in particular. Without an efficiently functioning economy, it is impossible to win a war, so it is increasingly important to identify credible threats. Before establishing the probability of risks for a particular business entity, it is necessary to analyze the main financial indicators of its work. Based on the results obtained, the presence of dangers to the business environment of this entity is determined. The most effective methods for determining the financial condition are the analysis of relative indicators and the DuPont method. Together, they provide a complete assessment of the enterprise's performance. Recommendations for analyzing the financial condition based on an integrated approach are substantiated. Their expediency was confirmed in the calculations on the example of PJSC "Motor Sich".

Peculiarities of regulation of the insurance market in Russia and Kazakhstan

The paper examines the theoretical and practical aspects of mega-regulation of the insurance market in Russia. The author has made an attempt to identify the main trends in improving the activities of the Bank of Russia as a mega-regulator in the insurance market of Russia.The article provides an overview of the interpretations of the term "mega-regulation" in the works of Russian and foreign economists. A comparative analysis of the main indicators of the development of the insurance market in Russia and Kazakhstan, such as the fulfillment of basic prudential standards by Russian and Kazakh insurers and the number of insurance organizations, insurance brokers and actuaries; an analysis of relative indicators: the return on equity of insurers and indicators of financial stability of insurers in both countries. Based on the analysis, the peculiarities of the regulation of the insurance market in Russia and Kazakhstan were identified and ways to improve the regulator in both countries were proposed.

Methods and ways of improving progect management in the field of tourism and recreation in the context of european integration

The purpose of the proposed article is a theoretical study of project management methods in the field of tourism and recreation, highlighting the ways of improving the management process, which justify the need for a modern tourist enterprise to direct efforts to the development or improvement of new products or services. The methodology is based on scientific and special research methods. Methods of analysis, synthesis, systematization, classification, generalization of economic and methodical literature, scientific publications were used. Horizontal analysis, vertical analysis, trend analysis, comparative analysis, analysis of relative indicators were also used. Scientific novely. Scientific novelty. The study of the features of various approaches to project management in the field of tourism and recreation necessitated a thorough analysis of their advantages and disadvantages. The author considered key problems in management processes and identified ways to overcome them during the implementation of tourism activities by business entities. Conclusions. The article solves important problems of the tourism sphere through the effective management of projects in tourism and recreation, the appropriate choice of price and marketing policy strategies, ensuring the quality of tourism and recreation services. based on the analysis of the considered projects in the field of tourism and recreation, we emphasize that the effectiveness of the design process depends on productive management; coordinated activity of project participants; peculiarities of national culture, resources, market conditions; strategies for the sustainable development of tourism in a specific region. Project management in the field of tourism and recreation needs to take into account the peculiarities of tourist services, which consist in the instability of demand, changes in quality and storage conditions, and correctly chosen methods of project management create opportunities for increasing the competitiveness of the destination. It has been proven that the effectiveness of project management in the field of tourism and recreation largely depends on teamwork, creativity of specialists, cooperation and support at different hierarchical levels.

Methods project management in the field of tourism and recreation

The purpose of the proposed article is a theoretical study of project management methods in the field of tourism and recreation, which justify the need for a modern tourist enterprise to direct efforts to the development or improvement of new products or services. The methodology is based on scientific and special research methods. Methods of analysis, synthesis, systematization, classification, generalization of economic and methodical literature, scientific publications were used. Horizontal analysis, vertical analysis, trend analysis, comparative analysis, analysis of relative indicators were also used. Scientific novely. Scientific novelty. The study of the features of various approaches to project management in the field of tourism and recreation necessitated a thorough analysis of their advantages and disadvantages. The author considered key problems in management processes and identified ways to overcome them during the implementation of tourism activities by business entities. Conclusions. The article solves important problems of the tourism sphere through the effective management of projects in tourism and recreation, the appropriate choice of price and marketing policy strategies, ensuring the quality of tourism and recreation services. based on the analysis of the considered projects in the field of tourism and recreation, we emphasize that the effectiveness of the design process depends on productive management; coordinated activity of project participants; peculiarities of national culture, resources, market conditions; strategies for the sustainable development of tourism in a specific region. Project management in the field of tourism and recreation needs to take into account the peculiarities of tourist services, which consist in the instability of demand, changes in quality and storage conditions, and correctly chosen methods of project management create opportunities for increasing the competitiveness of the destination. It has been proven that the effectiveness of project management in the field of tourism and recreation largely depends on teamwork, creativity of specialists, cooperation and support at different hierarchical levels.

Environmental and Economic Prerequisites for Russiaʼs Transition to a Low-Carbon Economy

Introduction. Environmental and climatic problems of the Russian Federation have attracted considerable attention from scientists, politicians, as well as the general public. Human activities are a major cause of pollution and global warming, which necessitates the search for a new way of economic development reducing the adverse impact on the environment. The authors consider a low-carbon economy aimed at simultaneously solving economic, environmental, and climatic problems as such a guideline. Based on the research conducted the article identifies the constituent entities of the Russian Federation in which pilot projects for the transition of enterprises and cities to low-carbon development are most expedient to implement. The gained experience should be applied in other regions of the country in the future. Materials and Methods. Data from the Federal State Statistics Service and the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment of the Russian Federation on 20 most populated constituent entities of the country were analyzed. In order to identify the regions with the largest volumes of various types of pollution, the data ranking method was applied. The authors have also carried out an analysis of relative indicators of natural resource intensity associated with emission into the atmosphere, discharges of polluted wastewater, and production of municipal solid waste. Results. The performed analysis has shown the heterogeneity of the environmental and economic development of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. It has been concluded that among the regions considered, it is most expedient to implement pilot projects for low-carbon development in cities and in “polluting” industries located in the Kemerovo, Sverdlovsk, and Chelyabinsk Regions, as well as in the Krasnoyarsk Territory. Discussion and Conclusion. The results of the study can be used in the development of environmental programs, as well as in the development of directions for mitigating the environmental impact in the most polluted regions of the country and in industries with high natural resource intensity.

The Role of Regional Airports in Connectivity and Regional Development

This article analyzes the contribution of regional airports in Colombia to the development of the domestic air transport network, and with it, to the connectivity of the regions and their social and economic development. The growth and evolution of Colombian regional airports are supported and driven by a set of public and investment policies, designed exclusively for the air sector and implemented, almost continuously, since the liberalization of the air transport industry in the country in the early 1990s and are still in development. Having said this, this work analyzes how the network of regional airports have been able to develop in two and a half decades through public policies, and later, how these airports have positively impacted connectivity and socioeconomic development in the territories. All this is done through the presentation and analysis of related indicators.

ПІДВИЩЕННЯ РІВНЯ ЕКОЛОГІЧНОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ ТЕРИТОРІЙ В УМОВАХ РЕФОРМИ ДЕЦЕНТРАЛІЗАЦІЇ

Substantiation of theoretical and methodological principles and practical recommendations for ensuring a high level of environmental safety of territories in the context of decentralization reform. Defining approaches to understanding the essence of the concept of "environmental safety", analysis of the state of environmental safety in the regions of Ukraine, development of possible measures and activities to ensure a high level of environmental safety in decentralized areas. Method. The study of theoretical approaches to the interpretation of environmental safety was carried out using the methods of analysis and synthesis. Statistical and graphical methods, as well as the method of comparison were used to analyze the level of environmental safety in the regions of Ukraine. A structurally logical method and a method of formalization were used to develop measures and directions to ensure a reliable level of ecological safety of territories. Results. The study allowed to single out certain aspects of the concept of "environmental safety", in particular, it is established that it is a system of certain measures, a component of national security, an integral part of environmental protection, a component of the production process, a certain degree of danger. Based on the generalization of different points of view, it is proposed to use a comprehensive approach to the interpretation of environmental safety. It is proposed to use the volumes of pollutant emissions into the atmosphere from stationary sources of pollution as the main criterion that measures the level of environmental safety of territories, as well as on the basis of which environmental recovery measures are developed. Based on the calculation and analysis of relative indicators per unit area and per capita, the regions of Ukraine with the highest level of environmental danger are identified. The system of the basic measures and directions of activity on increase of level of environmental safety of the united territorial communities which are contained in ecological programs of their sustainable development is developed. The concept of waste management, which is used in the EU countries and is aimed at ensuring the environmental safety of the territories, and also allows to solve the most pressing environmental problems of the inhabitants of a particular area, is justified to adapt to domestic practice. Scientific novelty. The definition of environmental safety is defined as a result of interaction and coordinated interaction of measures for the use, protection and restoration of the environment, which achieves ecological balance that ensures sustainable socio-economic development of relevant territories – countries, regions, districts, united territorial communities. The use of absolute and relative criteria for the analysis of the level of environmental safety by regions of Ukraine is substantiated. Measures and directions of activity on maintenance of a high level of environmental safety of territories in the conditions of decentralization are developed. Practical significance. The conducted research on the issues of increasing the level of environmental safety of territories gives an opportunity to realize the catastrophic consequences in case of inefficient management of these processes. Achieving a high level of environmental safety is that the latter is one of the components of the concept of sustainable development, thus ensuring the socio-economic development of territories. Key words: environmental safety, ecology, ecological balance, territory, region, decentralization, territorial reform.

Simulation modeling in assessing the agricultural enterprise state in an emergency

The article proposes a methodology for assessing the sufficiency of financial resources in an emergency. The purpose of the study is to develop a methodology based on the method of simulation modeling to assess the sufficiency of resources and the sustainability of an agricultural enterprise in the event of an emergency. This set of methods for assessing the availability of enterprise financial resources for overcoming emergencies was implemented using algorithms for simulation of enterprise financial flows and their assessment in the program for investment calculations Project Expert 7.19. The program allows you to build simulation models of an enterprise, regardless of their industry and specificity. With the help of this software complex, it is possible not only to build a simulation model of an enterprise, but also to carry out its statistical evaluation. Together with the proposed method of detailing the initial data of annual financial and economic documents, this set of methods is a powerful tool for building and evaluating simulation models of agricultural and other enterprises, taking into account fluctuations in cash flow values during the year. Thus, the accuracy of the estimates obtained is significantly increased in comparison with methods based on the analysis of relative indicators or coefficients.

Anti-crisis approach in the industrial enterprise management: methodological tools of preventive regulation

The paper covers the theoretical and methodological framework for assessment of the crisis management effectiveness and the enterprise bankruptcy probability. At the present stage of the Ukrainian economic development, the main weaknesses in the activities of enterprises include: loss of sales markets, imperfect production and sales policy, lack of working capital, inefficient financial management, significant production costs, which produce signs of crisis processes and determine the feasibility of preventive approach anti-crisis management use. At the same time, the choice of the topic is due to insufficient research of this scientific problem as a whole and its relevance for the economy of Ukraine, especially in the context of the search for external investment resources, cooperation on this basis with the European Union. It was determined that one of the ways to solve the problem of predicting the probability of bankruptcy is the use of insolvency prediction models developed on the basis of the discriminant analysis method – Z-coefficients. The authors systematized the most well-known approaches to predicting the likelihood of bankruptcy of industrial enterprises, illustrated their advantages and disadvantages, the mutual consistency of use. It has been established that additional opportunities for monitoring the effectiveness of anti-crisis measures are created by a system of indicators characterizing the level of effectiveness of the anti-crisis management system. Evaluating the effectiveness of the anti-crisis program only on the basis of an analysis of relative indicators is not enough: during the global financial crisis, sometimes convincing indicators of efficiency are absolute indicators and a projected trend of their change. As part of this study, attention is paid to the analytical levers of the crisis management mechanism, which are aimed at preventive regulation and localization of crisis processes in the enterprise, restoring the effectiveness of production and marketing activities.

Sustainability in the Chemical Industry in Brazil

ABSTRACT Over the past few decades, the Chemical Industry has shown a high growth rate resulting in higher consumption of raw materials, natural resources and also higher waste generation. In this context, a more sustainable attitude was adopted by the industry in order to reduce its negative impact, the results of such efforts are published in Sustainability Reports. However there are only but a few academic papers related to the subject, the objective of this graduation project is to help to fill this gap by presenting, through the analysis of sustainability reports of ten companies previously selected and by their economic, social and environmental indicators, the level of quantitative and qualitative application of sustainability in the processes, policies and culture of the chemical industry. The reports were analyzed by means of Excel Spreadsheets that were elaborated based on GRI guidelines, containing the description of the topic or sustainability indicator and also a field designated to the inclusion of relevant information that was exposed in the report. For the qualitative analysis, the companies were grouped by sector of performance and/or similar processes, enabling the development and analysis of relative indicators. It was also performed a qualitative assessment of the GRI application levels. The analysis of relative indicators allowed us to understand and measure the level of sustainability across industries that, together with the other analysis, allowed the authors to conclude that sustainability in the national chemical industry is at an early stage , where the industry is currently focusing its attention on aspects of energy consumption, water and emissions, further progress in the area requires greater investments in research and development of cleaner processes and that result in less waste. Keywords:Chemical Industry; Sustainability; Sustainability - indicators

慢性脑供血不足患者的脑血管功能分析

目的：研究慢性脑供血不足患者的脑血管功能情况。方法：采用CBA CV300型脑血管功能(CVHI)检测仪分别对120例慢性脑供血不足患者和60例正常对照组进行测定，分析相关指标。结果：慢性脑供血不足(CCCI)患者，随着年龄的增长，平均血流量(Qmean)、最大流速(Vmax)、最小流速(Vmin)、平均流速(Vmean)和差压(DP)等呈显著下降趋势，外周阻力(Rv)、特性阻抗(Zcv)、脉搏波速(Wv)、动态阻力(DR)、临界压(CP)等指标呈现显著升高趋势。CCCI患者的积分值、流速和流量等明显低于对照组，但Rv、Wv及Zcv等明显高于对照组，差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。结论：慢性脑供血不足是动脉粥样硬化所致，脑血管功能受损明显，卒中发病风险增加。 Objective: To study the Cerebrovascular Function in patients with chronic cerebral circulation insufficiency (CCCI). Methods: 120 patients diagnosed as CCCI were assigned in test group, and 60 healthy people were in normal control group; they were given CBA CV300 Cerebrovascular hemodynamic indexes (CVHI) examination, and analysis of related indicators. Results: In CCCI, with the age increaing, cerebrovascular hemodynamic synthesized index, including quantity of mean blood flow (Qmean), velocity of maximum blood flow (Vmax), velocity of minimus blood flow (Vmin), velocity of mean blood flow (Vmean), pulse wave velocity (Wv), characteristic impedance (Zcv), resistance of vascular (Rv), development resistance (DR), capillary pressure (CP), pressure difference (DP). The numbers of Qmean, Vmax, Vmin, Vmean and DP appeared to obviously decline, but the numbers of Rv, Zcv, Wv, DR and CP appeared to obviously raise. The CCCI patients’ cerebrovascular hemodynamic synthesized score (CVHS), flow velocity and flow rate are significantly lower than the control group, but the Rv, Wv and Zcv, significantly higher than the control group, the difference was statistically significant. Conclusions: CCCI is the result of atherosclerosis, and Cerebrovascular function was damaged obviously, the risk of stroke is increasing.