Analysis Of Quality Control Data Research Articles

Mineração de dados no ranqueamento de lotes de sementes de sorgo

ABSTRACT The ranking of seed lots is a fundamental process for all companies in the seed industry. This work aims to demonstrate data mining methods for ranking sorghum seed lots during the seed processing through analysis of quality control data. Germination and cold tests were performed to verify the physiological quality of the lots. Seed samples from each lot were evaluated in two moments: post-cleaning and finished product (ready for marketing). The results after pre-processing totaled 188 rows of data with six attributes, encompassing 150 lots accepted for marketing, 6 rejected, and 32 intermediate lots. The classifiers used were J48, Random Forest, Classification Via Regression, Naive Bayes, Multilayer Perceptron, and IBk. The Resample filter was used for adjustment of the data. The k-fold technique was used for training, with ten folds. The metrics of Accuracy, Precision, Recall, F-measure, and ROC Area were used to verify the accuracy of the algorithms. The results obtained were used to determine the best machine-learning algorithm. IBk and J48 presented the highest accuracy of data; the IBk technique presented the best results. The Resample filter was essential for solving the data imbalance problem. Sorghum seed lots can be classified with great accuracy and precision through artificial intelligence and machine learning technique.

Retrospective Analysis of Quality Control Data Using Pooled Blood to Compare Agreement within Two Models of Blood Gas Analyzers.

Two previous reports from the same group concluded that the analytical reliability of Instrumentation Laboratory GEM4000 analyzers (GEM4K) deteriorated during a 24-hour period, based on results between samples from the same patient but collected at different times. Our routine blood gas Between-Laboratory Survey is done every 2 weeks using a freshly pooled heparinized blood sample taken to each analyzer location to verify comparability among our GEM4K and Radiometer ABL90 (Rad90) blood gas analyzers. Because another report found a few very large differences in glucose results between the GEM4K and central laboratory analyzers, we reviewed the glucose results on plasma from our Chemistry Between-Laboratory Surveys that includes comparisons between our central laboratory analyzers (Beckman DxC800; DxC800) and our GEM4K and Rad90 blood gas analyzers. Using data from our Blood Gas and Chemistry Surveys over a 55-week period, we calculated the mean, standard deviation (SD), and concentration intervals of the 27 sets of results by the GEM4K or Rad90 analyzers. Agreement in plasma glucose between DxC800 and blood gas analyzers was evaluated by the limits of agreement and intraclass correlation coefficient analysis. For each analyte, the Rad90 had lower average SD than the GEM4K for the 55-week period, although both brands of analyzers showed acceptable performance. For plasma glucose results on our Chemistry Survey, the GEM4K results agreed more closely with the DxC800 results than the Rad90 results. Based on both our Blood Gas and Chemistry Surveys, we conclude that both brands of analyzers performed within analytically and clinically acceptable limits throughout the year, with no evidence for the type of errors reported previously.

Application of the registration template for in-laboratory quality control data analysis in the MS Excel program in the activities of a medical laboratory technician

The article provides information on the creation and application of a template for registration and analysis of intralaboratory quality control data. The reasons for creating a template are considered; the activities of a medical laboratory technician without using a template and with its application are analyzed. The study confirms that the use of a ready-made template created in a spreadsheet processor greatly facilitates and optimizes the work of a medical laboratory technician.

Exploration of the mechanism of human platelet-rich plasma in regulating and controlling human epidermal stem cells for promoting wound re-epithelialization at transcriptome level

Objective: To analyze target genes of human platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in regulating and controlling human epidermal stem cells (ESCs). Methods: (1) The discarded foreskin tissues were collected from 6 male patients of the First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University after urological surgery. The patients aged 5 to 25 years with good health and without urinary system infection. Human ESCs were cultivated using quick attachment method, and were subjected to morphological observation and identification. Venous blood sample in the volume of 40 mL was collected from a female healthy volunteer (aged 29 years) of General Hospital of Southern Theater Command of PLA, and PRP was extracted by second centrifugation method. (2) The successfully cultured primary human ESCs were divided into control group and PRP group according to the random number table, with 3 wells in each group. The cells in control group were not specially treated. In PRP group, PRP was added to the ESC medium to achieve final volume fraction of 2.5% after the cells were adhered for 12 hours. RNA was extracted, and transcriptome sequencing and data analysis of human ESCs of two groups were performed using RNA sequencing technology. Using the false discovery rate less than 0.05 and the fold change more than or equal to 4 as the standard, the differentially expressed genes were screened by Dr. Tom data mining system. Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis was performed on the obtained differentially expressed genes to find out the GO entries with significant enrichment. Then Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway annotation analysis was used to further analyze the biological processes or metabolic pathways in which differentially expressed genes might be involved. Finally, the genes related to re-epithelialization and significantly differentially expressed were selected, and the differential expression of genes was verified by real-time fluorescent quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Data were statistically analyzed with independent-samples t test. Results: (1) The cultured cells were cloned with a paving stone-like shape and positive rate of CD49f of 95.132% and CD71 of 0.006%, which proved that the primary culture of ESCs was successful. (2) The quality control data analysis showed that the selected samples had better quality and higher sequence alignment rate, which met the requirements of sequencing. (3) Sequencing data showed that there were a total of 449 differentially expressed genes between the two groups, including 354 up-regulated genes and 95 down-regulated genes. Further cluster analysis determined that there were 18 significantly up-regulated genes and 5 significantly down-regulated genes between the two groups. GO enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway annotation analysis showed that the significantly differentially expressed genes were mainly enriched in the epidermis construction and keratinization process, which also might be related to interleukin 17 signaling pathway. (4) Keratin 19, keratin 10, and S100A7 genes which were related to the process of re-epithelialization and significantly differentially expressed were selected for verification. Real-time fluorescent quantitative RT-PCR showed that compared with those of control group, the mRNA expressions of keratin 19 and S100A7 of cells in PRP group were significantly increased (t=10.270, 5.690, P<0.01), while the mRNA expression of keratin 10 was significantly decreased (t=7.306, P<0.01), which was consistent with the result of sequencing data. Conclusions: PRP regulates function of human ESCs and promotes wound re-epithelialization involving transcriptional regulation of multiple genes, including keratin 19, keratin 10, and S100A7. In-depth exploration of the possible regulatory network of PRP affecting human ESCs will provide the basis for its subsequent clinical application.

Significance of Simultaneous Use of Different Methods for Interpretation of Internal Quality Control Data An Experience of a Tertiary Care Hospital

Background: Quality control is an essential part of quality management in medical laboratory. Various methods are available for the analysis of laboratory quality control data, common ones are Levey Jennings chart and Westgard rules. Westgard multi-rules are a set of rules based on combination of criteria to decide whether an analytical run is acceptable or unacceptable. CUSUM uses the cumulative sum of deviations from a target, however, it is rarely used in current medical laboratory practice. We share our experience of using Westgard rules and CUSUM in the analysis of laboratory quality control data. Material and methods: Internal quality control values of 2-year period was included in the present study. Data for platelet count values of normal level control material run on a fully automated haematology analyser (Sysmex XT-2000i) were analysed. A total of 1825 data points were obtained. The data was interpreted by Westgard rules as well as cumulative sum method. The out of control events was analysed. Results: There was 9 incidence of control value outside 3SD (Westgard Rule 13s) which was picked on Levey Jennings chart but missed by CUSUM method. There were 22 instances of shift in mean (bias) which were only picked by CUSUM method. Conclusion: CUSUM was more sensitive for detection of bias whereas random error was picked-up early by Westgard rules. In conclusion we recommend the use of more than one method for analysis of quality control data.

Application of failure mode and effects analysis to optimization of linac quality controls protocol.

To apply Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) to optimize linac quality control (QC) protocol in order to ensure patient safety and treatment quality, taking maximum advantage of the available resources. Each parameter tested by the QC was considered as a potential failure mode (FM). For each FM, likelihood of occurrence (O), severity of effect (S), and lack of detectability (D) were evaluated and corresponding Risk Priority Number (RPN) was calculated from the product of three indexes. The scores were assigned using two methods: (a) A survey submitted to the medical physicists; (b) A semi-quantitative analysis (SQA) performed through: simulation of FMs in the treatment planning system; studies reported in literature; results obtained by the QC data analysis. A weighted RPN for all FMs was calculated taking into account both the methods. For each linac, the tests were then sorted by their frequency and the RPN value. A high variability was found in the scores of the survey, although in many it was reduced in RPN values, highlighting the more relevant tests as on beam output and imaging system. Integrating these results with those obtained by SQA, the RPN-based ranking of tests has been provided considering the specific use of the accelerator: for example, more accurate tests on dose modulation and multileaf collimator speed were required in linacs where intensity-modulated treatment is performed, while, more specific tests on couch and jaw position indicators were necessary where treatments with multiple isocenters and/or junctions between adjacent fields were often delivered. Failure Mode and Effects Analysis is a useful tool to prioritize the linac QCs, taking into account the specific equipment and clinical practice. The integration of SQA and survey results reduces subjectivity of the FMEA scoring and allows to optimize linac QCs without "losing" the expertise and experience of medical physicists and clinical staff.

Evaluation of the Performance of Two Kinds of Anti-TP Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

To evaluate the accuracy and precision of 2 kinds of anti-treponema pallidum (anti-TP) ELISA reagents in our laboratory for detecting the anti-TP in voluntary blood donors, so as to provide the data support for use of ELISA reagents after introduction of chemiluminescene immunoassay (CLIA). The route detection of anti-TP was performed by using 2 kinds of ELISA reagents, then 546 responsive positive samples detected by anti-TP ELISA were collected, and the infections status of samples confirmed by treponema pallidum particle agglutination (TPPA) test was identified. The confirmed results of responsive samples detected by 2 kinds of anti-TP ELISA reagents were compared, the accuracy of 2 kinds of anti-TP ELISA reagents was analyzed by drawing ROC and comparing area under curve (AUC), and precision of 2 kinds of anti-TP ELISA reagents was compared by statistical analysis of quality control data from 7.1 2016 to 6.30 2017. There were no statistical difference in confirmed positive rate of responsive samples and weak positive samples between 2 kinds of anti-TP ELISA reagents. The responsive samples detected by 2 kinds of anti-TP ELISA reagents accounted for 85.53%(467/546) of all responsive samples, the positive rate confirmed by TPPA test was 82.87%. 44 responsive samples detected by anti-TP ELISA reagent A and 35 responsive samples detected by anti-TP ELISA reagent B were confirmed to be negative by TPPA test. Comparison of AUC showed that the accuracy of 2 kinds of anti-TP ELISA reagents was more high, the difference between 2 reagents was not statistically significant. The coefficient of variation (CV) of anti-TP ELISA reagent A and B was 14.98% and 18.04% respectively, which met the precision requirement of ELISA test. The accuracy and precision of 2 kinds of anti-TP ELISA reagents used in our laboratory are similar, and using any one of anti-TP ELISA reagents all can satisfy the requirements of blood screening.

Assessing the influence of component processing and donor characteristics on quality of red cell concentrates using quality control data.

Quality control (QC) data collected by blood services are used to monitor production and to ensure compliance with regulatory standards. We demonstrate how analysis of quality control data can be used to highlight the sources of variability within red cell concentrates (RCCs). We merged Canadian Blood Services QC data with manufacturing and donor records for 28 227 RCC between June 2011 and October 2014. Units were categorized based on processing method, bag manufacturer, donor age and donor sex, then assessed based on product characteristics: haemolysis and haemoglobin levels, unit volume, leucocyte count and haematocrit. Buffy-coat method (top/bottom)-processed units exhibited lower haemolysis than units processed using the whole-blood filtration method (top/top). Units from female donors exhibited lower haemolysis than male donations. Processing method influenced unit volume and the ratio of additive solution to residual plasma. Stored red blood cell characteristics are influenced by prestorage processing and donor factors. Understanding the relationship between processing, donors and RCC quality will help blood services to ensure the safety of transfused products.

Analysis of quality control data of eight modern radiotherapy linear accelerators: the short- and long-term behaviours of the outputs and the reproducibility of quality control measurements

Quality control (QC) data of radiotherapy linear accelerators, collected by Helsinki University Central Hospital between the years 2000 and 2004, were analysed. The goal was to provide information for the evaluation and elaboration of QC of accelerator outputs and to propose a method for QC data analysis. Short- and long-term drifts in outputs were quantified by fitting empirical mathematical models to the QC measurements. Normally, long-term drifts were well (⩽1%) modelled by either a straight line or a single-exponential function. A drift of 2% occurred in 18 ± 12 months. The shortest drift times of only 2–3 months were observed for some new accelerators just after the commissioning but they stabilized during the first 2–3 years. The short-term reproducibility and the long-term stability of local constancy checks, carried out with a sealed plane parallel ion chamber, were also estimated by fitting empirical models to the QC measurements. The reproducibility was 0.2–0.5% depending on the positioning practice of a device. Long-term instabilities of about 0.3%/month were observed for some checking devices. The reproducibility of local absorbed dose measurements was estimated to be about 0.5%. The proposed empirical model fitting of QC data facilitates the recognition of erroneous QC measurements and abnormal output behaviour, caused by malfunctions, offering a tool to improve dose control.

Singular Spectrum Analysis of Nonstationary Tidal Currents Applied to ADCP Data from the Northeast Brazilian Shelf

Abstract The development of new tools for the analysis of nonstationary currents, including tidal currents, has been the subject of recent research. In this work a method for studies of nonstationary barotropic or baroclinic currents based on empirical orthogonal function (EOF) and singular spectrum analysis (SSA) is proposed. It represents a new alternative to other methods of analysis of tidal currents in strong interaction with nontidal forcing, for example, the continuous wavelet transform. The advantage of the SSA method resides in the fact that it is fast, easy to implement, efficient for short-time records, and is based on the covariance structure of the data. If significant tidal constituents occur in the measurements, these are determined by the method itself even with short-time-series records. This is in contrast to the harmonic analysis (HA), where a large table of tidal constituents stated a priori are fitted to the data, even if the presence of some of these are spurious and not justified physically. The method is first demonstrated in the analysis of a synthetic current time series and then applied to an hourly current ADCP profile dataset of 410 days from the northeast Brazilian shelf. In both cases the SSA results were compared to the classical HA and the neoclassical short-term HA (STHA). The description of the shelf area where the ADCP was placed, the deployment and data acquisition operations, and the quality control data analysis are included for completeness. Analysis of the full ADCP quality-controlled data was done after a separation of the subtidal from the tidal high-frequency bands, although this traditional separation is not strictly necessary and was only made to better compare with HA and STHA. Analysis of the tidal band obtained from the ADCP data showed that the extracted tidal ellipse constituents present coherent oscillations dominated by the annual and 57-day periods, and changes in the sense of rotation of the current vector from anticyclonic to cyclonic in the ellipses. The subtidal band variability is shown to be also dominated by an annual and a 57-day period component, both polarized along the isobaths, which is suggestive of a nonlinear interaction of the subtidal and the tidal variability.

Back-priming of the RCM1 leucocyte-reduction filter: consequences for filtration efficacy.

The RCM1 leucocyte-reduction filter has been incorporated into two types of blood-donation sets of which one uses back-priming of the leucocyte filter with SAG-M solution. In this study we have compared the leucocyte-reduction efficacy of the RCM1 filter with or without back priming with SAG-M solution. This study was a retrospective analysis of quality control data of 3529 leucocyte-filtered red cell units. Of these, 1002 whole-blood units were collected in a donation set that was back-primed by letting the SAG-M solution in the final storage bag run backwards through the filter into the bag of concentrated red cells. The remaining 2527 units were collected in a donation set that required no back-priming. Postfiltration leucocyte concentration was assessed using flow cytometry. There was a significant trend towards lower leucocyte concentration in the units in which back-priming of the filter preceded filtration, as compared to units filtered without back-priming [chi2trend= 18.8, degrees of freedom (d.f.) = 1, P < 0.0005]. Back-priming of the RCM1 filter for red cells with SAG-M solution is superior to no back-priming with regard to leucocyte-reduction efficacy.

Defining the Role of a PACS Technologist

As hospitals convert from conventional image processing to picture archiving and communication systems (PACS) technology, new job opportunities arose for PACS analysts, PACS system administrators, PACS operators, and PACS trainers. To support a PACS, these positions require education in computer information systems and work experience in information technology. At Texas Children's Hospital, new roles for radiologic technologists (RT) in supporting the operation of PACS were not recognized until after implementation of the filmless system. A new position entitled PACS technologis was created, but roles and responsibilities largely were undefined. The inadequate job description contributed to problems with appropriate utilization of the PACS technologist. The primary role of the technologist was nebulous, and the priority of tasks was undefined. There was an excessive volume of information and technology to be mastered. The role represented a new paradigm, so no template for the job description was available that encompassed the array of functions to be performed. The result was a "morph" of the RT and PACS analyst job descriptions that was contrived and unworkable. The role of the PACS technologist is vital to the operation of the radiology department that uses PACS. There is a well-established need for cross training of RTs in PACS. PACS technology is not taught in RT training programs. There are recurrent communications problems between RT and Information Technology (IT) personnel. The PACS technologist can participate in a number of activities that improve the overall level of proficiency in the imaging operation, such as specialized PACS training for RTs, collection and analysis of quality control data, and planning for installations of PACS acquisition modalities. RTs have acquired knowledge of medical terminology and human anatomy, imaging modalities, and workflow. These qualifications constitute a common basis for communication with other RTs, physicians, and other health care providers. In addition the appropriate candidate for PACS technologist should have computer software and hardware knowledge, interpersonal skills, oral and written communications skills, and analytical skills to troubleshoot issues. This report will describe the evolution of a more accurate job description for the PACS technologist, the relationship between the PACS technologist and the RT supervisor, and specific tasks are appropriate for the PACS technologist to perform.

Quality Control in Mammography: A Pilot Programme for First Level Activity

Quality control programmes are the belt tools for maintaining optimal performances of mammographic units. Programmes to spread quality control activities have been organised in various countries. This study presents the results of an educational programme having three main objectives: quality assurance promotion, operator training with simple instruments and procedures, and operator training in quality control data analysis. Special kits have been distributed to several mammographic centres. In each centre the kit has been used to execute the following tests: AEC performance, processing conditions, entrance exposure and image quality. The data gathered in 53 centres for a period of 4 weeks are compared and discussed Several centres were found not to satisfy completely the technical recommendations of the Italian protocol, implying training for radiographers and radiologists in QC procedures is desirable.

Implementation of internal laboratory quality control procedures for the monitoring of ELISA performance at a regional veterinary laboratory

Quality control (QC) procedures for antigen detection enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) for hog cholera (HC) virus, foot and mouth disease (FMD) virus, and an antibody detection ELISA for FMD virus were established at a regional veterinary laboratory in northern Thailand. A recently developed computer software package, QCEL, was used to facilitate management and analysis of QC data. The program was used to assess test performance by producing Shewhart-CUSUM control charts which monitored control data for unacceptable fluctuations or trends. QCEL-generated control charts and analyses are presented and discussed. The use of a simple integrated computerised system for storage and analysis of QC control data provided the laboratory with the opportunity to achieve increased confidence in the results of tests performed.

The determination of lead in total suspended air particulates by x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy

A method has been developed for the measurement of lead in air particulates collected on glass fiber filter paper with wavelength-dispersive x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (WDXRF). Analyses conducted by both WDXRF and an EPA-approved procedure that employs acid sonication followed by analysis of the extract by atomic-absorption spectroscopy (AAS) shows excellent agreement between the two methods. WDXRF calibration was accomplished with standards prepared from known additions of Pb to unexposed glass fiber filter discs. Method equivalency has also been demonstrated by the analysis of several reference materials and the statistical analysis of quality control data. The WDXRF procedure has also been used to evaluate the distribution of Pb in the particulates across the surface of the filter.

Microcomputer Storage and Analysis of Quality Control Data in Clinical Microbiology

A microcomputer system was devised for storage and analysis of microbiology quality control data, using a system with 10 megabytes of disk storage capacity on a fixed disk. This provides rapid entry and retrieval of data and considerable storage capacity. Special programs were written in BASIC to accept QC data for media, reagents, and susceptibility tests. Rapid data entry is achieved by having a rapid access disk device with a terminal specifically for QC data. Results are entered daily or at times when tests are done and stored on the disk storage device. The data can be recalled for complete printing or summarization and weekly reports can be generated. This system has the potential to eliminate QC paperwork, thus conserving storage space, while allowing detailed retrospective analysis.

Longitudinal studies of lead levels in a US population.

In an attempt to determine whether current levels of lead in the environment are causing any progressive change in the blood and urine lead concentrations of the US population, an investigation was undertaken to monitor, for a five-year period, urine and blood lead values of a population living in 23 US cities. Urine specimens were obtained annually during 1967 through 1971 from approximately 6,000 subjects while blood specimens were obtained from 10% to 20% of these same individuals. Determinations of lead levels in these specimens indicated that blood lead did not increase and urine lead decreased during the study. Analysis of quality control data, selection of data for statistical treatment, and seasonal effects did not explain the downward trend in urine lead levels.

Computerized Preparation of Two-Way Analysis of Variance Control Charts for Clinical Chemistry

Abstract A system of quality-control data analysis by computer is described, in which two-way analysis of variance is used for partitioning sources of laboratory error into day-to-day, within-day, betweenpools and additivity variation. The partition for additivity is described in detail as to its advantages and applications. In addition, control charts based on two-way analysis of variance computations are prepared each month by computer. This computer program is designed to operate with the IBM 1800 or 1130 computers or any computer with a Fortran IV compiler. Examples are presented of use of the control charts and of tables of analysis of variance.

Approximations for Mean Square Successive Difference Critical Values

Quadratic and cubic approximating functions are presented for estimating the upper and lower 95% critical values for the mean square successive difference test. Tables for comparison and graphs of the errors demonstrate the adequacy of the procedure. An example illustrates its application. The equations and their extension have been found useful in computer analysis of quality control data for process capability studies.

Computer analysis of quality control data.

Computer Analysis of Quality Control Data Get access Rex B. Conn, Jr., M.D., Rex B. Conn, Jr., M.D. West Virginia University Hospital, the Department of Pathology and Division of Medical Technology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, and the West Virginia University Computer Center, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Melvin L. Best, Jr., Melvin L. Best, Jr. West Virginia University Hospital, the Department of Pathology and Division of Medical Technology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, and the West Virginia University Computer Center, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Vicente Anido, M.D., Vicente Anido, M.D. West Virginia University Hospital, the Department of Pathology and Division of Medical Technology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, and the West Virginia University Computer Center, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Frank D. Crain, Ph.D. Frank D. Crain, Ph.D. West Virginia University Hospital, the Department of Pathology and Division of Medical Technology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, and the West Virginia University Computer Center, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar American Journal of Clinical Pathology, Volume 48, Issue 4_ts, October 1967, Pages 447–452, https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/48.4_ts.447 Published: 01 October 1967 Article history Received: 03 January 1967 Published: 01 October 1967