Pre-test Analysis Research Articles

Rubrics-based Revision as an Indicator of EFL Writing Quality


 Given the heightened significance attached to revision as a feature of the writing of achieving students and expert writers, this study attempted to integrate it into an advanced Saudi EFL writing classroom as an instructional intervention to improve the composing of 15 female students enrolled for the course ENG312: Advanced Essay Writing at Majma’ah University. At the beginning of the first term of the academic year 2016/2017, a pretest was administered to the participants to determine their current performance level. For nine weeks to follow, the participants were introduced and trained to use 6 rubrics pertaining “cause and effect” essay. At the end of the term a post-test was conducted to measure the participants’ progress based on the use of rubrics to revise their texts. Analysis of pretest and post-test scores showed no significant improvement in the participants’ performance. However, evidence from qualitative data indicated that the intervention remarkably succeeded in reducing the participants’ writing fears and, thus, positively affected their attitudes towards writing and towards themselves as writers.

Experimental Investigation of a Helium-Cooled Breeding Blanket First Wall under LOFA Conditions and Pre-Test and Post-Test Numerical Analysis

The experimental investigation of a prototypical set-up simulating a loss of flow accident in a helium-cooled breeding blanket first wall mock-up under typical heat load conditions is presented. The experimental campaign reproduces the expected DEMO thermal-hydraulics conditions during normal and off-normal situations and aims at providing some insight into the fast transients associated with the loss of flow in the blanket first wall. The experimental set-up and the definition of the experimental matrix are discussed, including pre-test analysis performed in support of these activities. The major experimental results are discussed, and a procedure of using the acquired data for validating and calibrating the RELAP-3D model of the mock-up is introduced. All these activities contributed to the creation of a relevant theoretical and practical experience that can be used in further studies concerning incidental transients in real-plant scenarios in the framework of DEMO plant fusion safety activities.

Pre-test analysis for definition of steam injection tests through multi-hole sparger in PANDA facility

Pressure Suppression Pool (PSP) is a passive safety feature in Boiling Water Reactors (BWR) and Advanced Pressurized (AP) reactors. Steam released from the primary coolant system is condensed in a large water pool to prevent containment overpressure. Injected steam induces sources of heat (buoyancy force) and momentum (inertia). The competition between the sources might result in the development of thermal stratification or mixing of the pool. Increased temperature of the top pool layer leads to higher partial pressure of steam in the containment and thus reduces pressure suppression capacity of the pool. Models with predictive capabilities are needed for the analysis of the reactor pool transients. Development and validation of the models require adequate experimental data. In this work we discuss results of the pre-test analysis that was carried out to select conditions for the tests with steam injection through sparger head and Load Reduction Ring (LRR) in a large scale PANDA facility. The aim of the tests was to obtain data on pool thermal stratification and mixing under different regimes of steam injection. Effective Heat Source (EHS) and Effective Momentum Source (EMS) models were implemented in a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code in order to carry out the analysis. Evolution of the pool temperature and velocity characteristics were analyzed in the scoping analysis to provide suggestions for selection of (i)pool depth, (ii)elevations of the sparger head and LRR, (iii)number of open LRR holes, (iv)layout of instrumentation, and (v)steam injection procedure for each test.

Edukasi Hipertensi dan pemeriksaan tekanan darah serta kolesterol pada masyarakat Kelurahan Jati Karya, Binjai sebagai upaya preventif penyakit komorbid Covid-19

Lack of understanding of hypertension and its prevention in the community and still lack of health checks such as blood pressure and cholesterol checks so that the need and importance of community service in order to prevent comorbid diseases Covid-19. One way to prevent Covid-19 comorbid disease is to educate about hypertension, symptoms / signs and prevention against hypertension so that the public knows more about hypertension and can prevent suffering from hypertension, as well as free health checks that include blood pressure and cholesterol checks in the community in Jati Karya village, North Binjai sub-district and this is the purpose of this community service activity. Active Participant Community Based conducted in the form of training with the Active Participants Learning method and conducted health examinations including blood pressure and cholesterol checks, as well as monitoring and evaluation activities of community service. The results of the pre-test and post-test analysis based on the T-test showed a significant increase in patient knowledge (p<0.05).

Edukasi Diabetes Melitus dan pemeriksaan glukosa darah acak serta asam urat sebagai upaya preventif penyakit komorbid Covid-19

Diabetes mellitus is one of the comorbid Covid-19, leading cause of death after kidney and heart disease. Lack of understanding related to diabetes mellitus and its prevention in the community in Karya Jati sub-district, North Binjai, Binjai City and the lack of medical check-up including random blood glucose and uric acid levels make education about diabetes mellitus necessary. This program aimed to increase participants knowledge in Karya Jati sub-district, North Binjai, Binjai City about diabetes mellitus, signs/symptoms, prevention, risk factor, life style, and diabetes as covid-19 comorbidity. This program was carried out using the Active Participant Learning Method (CBPA) and medical check-up including random blood glucose and uric acid levels, as well as monitoring and evaluation of community service. Based on T-Test, the results of the pre-test and post-test analysis showed an increase in participants' knowledge about diabetes significantly (p<0.05).

AME+Cyber: Evaluating the online delivery of a holistic cyber-related talent development program

The present study used an explanatory mixed-method design to examine the effects of the Achievement Motivation Enhancement (AME)+Cyber enrichment program and teachers’ perception of procedures and outcomes in the context of emergency remote teaching, including online and hybrid formats, during the COVID-19 pandemic. Three teachers implemented the program with 57 students in grades 9 through 12. To evaluate the program, we combined change score analysis of pretest and posttest data on academic self-perception, self-regulation, goal valuation, cyber-related interest, as well as descriptive interpretative analysis of interview data. We found the online learning format was more effective than the hybrid format for the affective and cognitive outcomes. Qualitative findings suggested pedagogical concerns and struggle with online learning due to emergency remote teaching during the COVID-19 pandemic, centered around a lack of student engagement and interaction that appropriate levels of training and practice could remedy. Implications and future research suggestions are discussed.

THE ROLE OF COOPERATIVE INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGIES ON STUDENTS COMMITMENT TO PHYSICS IN RURAL COMMUNITIES OF KOGI STATE

Physics has continued to generate favorable commendation in the educational landscape of every society in the modern-day world. However, the concern about the increasing decline in students performance and the growing purported difficulties associated with the subject has continued to attract research attention. There are intimations that secondary school students in rural communities are more likely to commit less effort to science subjects. Thus, the primary purpose of this study was to investigate cooperative instructional strategy as a well-researched teaching method that could also improve students commitment to physics. Two hundred and nineteen secondary school students in the rural communities in Kogi State, Nigeria, enrolled in the science classes participated in the study. A quasi-experimental pre-test, post-test research design was employed for the study. The participants were grouped into two different groups for the pre-test and post-test analyses. The experimental group was exposed to the cooperative instructional teaching method, while the control group was taught conventionally. An independent-samples t-test was performed to determine differences between the observed and the control groups on a commitment to physics in the post-test study with a statistically significant MD= 10.85, t (117) = 20.026, p = .001. It was concluded that cooperative instructional strategy enhances students commitment to physics. The study recommends robust training of teachers on the use of collaborative instructional strategies.

EFFECTIVENESS OF ENDURANCE TRAINING BASED ON SMALL-SIDED GAMES MODEL FOR BEGINNER WOMEN FUTSAL

This study aims to see the effectiveness of endurance training based on small-sided games models for female futsal begginer players. The subject of the study is 12 beginner female futsal players from Padang Futsal Academy aged 19-23 years. The endurance variables are measured before and after endurance training based on small-sided games program is given. Research instruments using Multi Stage Fitness Test (MSFT). The results of the pre-test analysis were an average value of 28.6 ml/kg/min, the highest value of 31.4 ml/kg/min, the lowest value of 25.2 ml/kg/minute. Furthermore, the results of post-test analysis were the average data value of 37.9 ml/kg/min, the highest value of 41.1 ml/kg/min, the lowest value of 36.2 ml/kg/min. Test paired Sample T-Test through SPSS.26 application obtained Sig value. (2-tailed) of 0.000 < 0.05, it was concluded that there is an average difference between pre-test and post-test in Padang Futsal academy athletes in Padang City. Then, the mean difference between pre-test and post-test is 7.6417. This finding shows that the endurance training based on small-sided games programs has a significant effect on the performance variables of endurance in Padang Futsal Academy athletes in Padang City.

Learning number patterns through computational thinking activities: A Rasch model analysis

Despite the increasing presence of computational thinking (CT) in the mathematics context, the connection between CT and mathematics in a practical classroom context is an important area for further research. This study intends to investigate the impact of CT activities in the topic of number patterns on the learning performance of secondary students in Singapore. The Rasch model analysis was employed to assess differences of ability between students from the experimental group and control group. 106 Secondary One students (age 13 years old) from a secondary school in Singapore took part in this study. A quasi-experimental non-equivalent groups design was utilized where 70 students were assigned into the experimental group, and 36 students were assigned into the control group. The experimental group was given intervention with CT-infused activities both on- and off-computer, while the control group received no such intervention. Both groups were administered the pretest before the intervention and the posttest after the intervention. The data gathered were analyzed using the partial credit version of the Rasch model. Analysis of pretest and posttest results revealed that the performance of the experimental group was similar to the control group. The findings did not support the hypothesis that integrating CT in lessons can result in improved mathematics learning. However, the drastic improvement was observed in individual students from the experimental group, while there is no obvious or extreme improvement for the students from the control group. This study provides some new empirical evidence and practical contributions to the infusion of CT practices in the mathematics classroom.

Sustainability of Adaptive Life Skills Learned: What Happens After Groups End?

Abstract Date Presented Accepted for AOTA INSPIRE 2021 but unable to be presented due to online event limitations. This project brings to our attention OT's important role in meeting the ever-changing service needs of individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) as they transition into adulthood. Comparative analysis of pretest, posttest, and maintenance assessment scores offers insight into changes and begins an important discussion of how we can improve and sustain adaptive life skills in adolescents with ASD for the long-term goal of changing their trajectory for greater independence. Primary Author and Speaker: Elizabeth Grant Additional Authors and Speakers: Shirley O'Brien, Geela Spira Contributing Authors: Scott Tomchek

Effect of Inflation On Growth of Manufacturing Sector in Kenya (2008-2017)

Aim: This study sought to address the effect of inflation on the growth of the manufacturing sector in Kenya.
 Research design: The study used descriptive, correlational, and inferential research designs. The study used secondary data, specifically, from the World Bank, United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), International Monetary Fund (IMF), Central Bank of Kenya (CBK), and Kenya National Bureau of Statistics (KNBS) for the period 2008-2017.
 Methodology: Time series data were analyzed quarterly using EViews software. The study employed descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and regression analysis. Pre-test analysis entailed Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) tests for unit root, Bai-Perron Multiple Breakpoint tests, and Bounds Cointegration tests. The post-test analysis included the Breusch-Godfrey tests for autocorrelation, the Breusch-Pagan-Godfrey tests for heteroscedasticity, Variance Inflation Factors (VIF) tests for multicollinearity, Jarque-Bera statistics tests for normality, and CUSUM tests for model stability.
 Results: The regression model estimates for inflation were (-0.19269, p<0.05). The results imply that holding other factors constant, a unit increase in inflation reduces manufacturing value-added by 0.19269 units.
 Conclusion: Inflation has a statistically and significant negative effect on the growth of the manufacturing sector in Kenya. To achieve manufacturing value-added growth, the study recommends that the Central Bank of Kenya (CBK) should have inflation targets and adopt appropriate monetary policies to monitor fluctuating inflation rates. Furthermore, the CBK should keep lending interest rates as low as possible so that manufacturers incur less on acquiring credit from commercial banks and ultimately produce goods at affordable prices.

The Effectiveness of Guided Inquiry-Based LKPD to Improve the Student's Critical and Creative Thinking Skills

The purpose of the study was to determine the effectiveness of the Guided Inquiry-based Student Worksheet (LKPD). The method used was a quasi-experiment with the one group pretest and posttest design. The population in this study was the students of grade XII IPA at SMA Negeri 2 Painan for the academic year 2020/2021. The sample in this study was the students from class XII IPA 1 as the experimental class and XII IPA 4 as the control class chosen by using the purposive sampling technique. The instruments used were observation questionnaires, product validation sheets, teacher and student practice sheets, and evaluation questions based on the critical and creative thinking indicators. The results of the analysis of pretest and post-test evaluation questions obtained that the mean of N-gain was 0.4 for critical thinking and Ngain was 0.5 for creative thinking. These two thinking skills had moderate N-gain scores. The results of the critical thinking t test showed that t arithmetic (0.036) < t (0.05) and creative thinking skills t test showed that t arithmetic (0.000) < t (0.05). Thus, it indicates that guided inquiry-based LKPD are effective for improving the students’ critical and creative thinking skills.

THE EFFECT OF AUDIO VISUAL AND WEBTOON EXPLANATION TO KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDE ABOUT THE THREE BASIC THREATS OF ADOLESCENT REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH (TRIAD KRR) ON STUDENTS OF SMAN 8 CIREBON CITY, 2021

The problem of adolescent reproductive health in Indonesia is about sexuality, HIV / AIDS and drugs. The problem occurs due to low knowledge of the TRIAD KRR which will affect the attitudes that adolescents will take in relation to the TRIAD KRR. The low level of knowledge occurs due to the lack of education that adolescents get about TRIAD KRR. The aim of this study was to find out the effect of providing counseling through audio-visual and webtoon on increasing knowledge and attitudes about the three basic threats to adolescent reproductive health (TRIAD KRR). This research is a quasi experimental study using a two groups pretest-posttest design approach. The research sample was students of SMAN 8 Cirebon City. The data analysis used was univariate and bivariate analysis using the Wilxocon test, paired t test and the Man-witney test. The measuring instrument used is a questionnaire. The analysis of the median pretest obtained for knowledge in the audiovisual group was 8.0000 and the posttest was 11,000. In the attitude, the median value for pretest was 36.00 and posttest was 37.00. Bivariate analysis in the audio-visual group, both knowledge and attitude, obtained p value 0.000 (<0.05). In the knowledge of the webtoon group, the p value was 0.000 (<0.05) and for the attitude, the p value was 0.350 (> 0.05). Differences in knowledge of audio visual media with webtoon obtained p value of 0.411 and for attitude that is 0.033. There is no significant difference in knowledge through audio-visual media and webtoon but in attitude there is a difference

PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN WORD SQUARE UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA SD NEGERI 104209 SAENTIS

This study aims to improve student learning outcomes by applying the Word Square learning model. This type of research is Classroom Action Research (CAR). This research was conducted at SD Negeri 104209 Saentis. The subjects are students of class IV B with a total of 29 students, while the object of this research is the improvement of student learning outcomes. Data collection techniques used are tests and observations. The results of the pretest data analysis showed that from 29 students who completed as many as 8 people (27.50%) by exceeding the KKM = 70 and 21 students (72.41%) had not completed, with a class average of 53.10. Furthermore, the results of data analysis in the first cycle showed that of the 29 students who completed as many as 18 people (62.07%) and 11 people (37.93%) who had not completed, with an average grade of 70.86. In the second cycle, there was an increase in student learning completeness, namely from 29 students, 25 (86.21%) were completed and 4 (13.79%) were not completed, with the average grade of the class increasing to 80.69. The results of observations of teacher activities in the first cycle of the first meeting were 81.67% and at the second meeting of the second cycle it increased again to 93.33%. Based on the findings from the research, it can be concluded that the application of the Word Square model can improve student learning outcomes on the theme 8 My Living Area in class IV SD Negeri 104209 Saentis 2018/2019 academic year. Keywords: Word Square and Student Learning Outcomes

The Effect of Scaffolding of Information Literacy on the Botanical Literacy of Prospective Biology Teachers

The present study aims to determine the effect of the scaffolding of information literacy on the botanical literacy of prospective biology teachers. The current study employed an experimental method with a non-equivalent group design. The respondents comprised 120 students in the Biology Education Program of Malang State University (the academic year 2017/2018), divided into the control and experimental groups. Data collection was based on scaffolding information literacy among prospective biology teachers and subsequent botanical literacy tests in multiple-choice format. The botanical literacy test provides nine indicator references. Reliability testing was done using Cronbach's alpha. Data were analyzed through pre-test covariate analysis (p < 0.05) for the control and experimental groups. The present study indicates that the scaffolding of information literacy has a significant effect on botanical literacy among prospective biology teachers. The findings of the current study suggest that innovation in botany learning, in this case, the scaffolding information literacy, can improve the botanical literacy of biology education students. It is necessary to undertake learning innovation with biology education students in a professional manner to enable them to transfer knowledge using scaffolding information literacy to their prospective students. In conclusion, the scaffolding of information literacy has a significant effect on botanical literacy among prospective biology teachers.

Pre-test analysis to reproduce random pressure fields with multi-channel acoustic control

Pre-test analysis is proposed as a methodology to design control strategies for environmental acoustic tests. In the space industry these tests are used to assess the survivability of hardware, which is exposed to harsh dynamic loads in service. In this work an array of loudspeakers and microphones is used in a laboratory to reproduce the acoustic environment generated during the launch of a spacecraft. Active control is required to design the signals driving the loudspeakers. Pre-test analysis uses an internal model of the electro-acoustic plant responses to automatically design the control parameters required by multi-channel random control algorithms. The outcome of pre-test analysis is the automatic selection of the control microphones, and a set of realizable test references in the form of a spectral density matrix. The methodology proposed in this work to design the control strategies is validated experimentally on system level tests. Compared with other approaches, proper design of the control strategy for the environmental acoustic test significantly enhances the correlation between the measured and desired pressure responses.

Automated Teller Machine and Performance of Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria

The study examines the effect of ATM on the performance of deposit money banks in Nigeria for the period of 7 years from 2012 to 2018. The study adopted ex-post research design. The population of the study is all the deposit money banks in Nigeria. The study collected data from the Central Bank of Nigeria statistical bulletin. The study adopted pre-test analysis of correlation and unit root test using Augmented Dickey- Fuller (ADF) test. After analysizing the unit root test, regression was used. The study found that there was a positive and insignificant effect of ATM on performance of deposit money banks in Nigeria. Other findings were that volume of transaction of ATM has positive and insignificant effect on the return on asset of deposit money banks in Nigeria while value of transaction of ATM also has positive and insignificant effect on return on asset of deposit money banks in Nigeria. The study recommended that ATM machines should be re-strategies by deposit money banks in Nigeria and they should careful increase the volume of transaction by ensuring that network is properly maintain. They should use ATM network that is very good to satisfy customers during weekends. They should provide more ATM and encourage customers to use ATM and try to reduce the problem of cash jam and lack of cash dispense.

Development of mobile interactive courses based on an artificial intelligence chatbot on the communication software LINE

ABSTRACT Fighter jets are a critical national asset. Because of the high cost of their manufacture and that of their related equipment, both pilots and maintenance personnel must complete intensive training before coming into contact with a jet. Due to gradual military downsizing, one-on-one training is often impracticable, and the level of familiarization with procedures among personnel is difficult to measure. The US military introduced a chatbot as part of its digital training material to enhance training effectiveness and avoid equipment damage. In this study, the contribution of an artificial intelligence (AI) chatbot in training is explored. To evaluate the necessity of an AI chatbot, research samples were divided into two groups, namely an experimental and a control group, with 20 people in each group. A paired t test was employed for differentiation analysis of pretest and posttest average scores, revealing that the two groups exhibited a statistically significant improvement in their learning performance. In addition, the blend of analysis of variance results indicated significant differences between the two groups. The chatbot training was more effective than traditional instructor teaching in terms of trainee performance improvement.

Development of STEM-nuanced textbook to improve students’ mathematical communication skill

This research is development research that aims to develop and to know the quality of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM)-nuanced teaching materials that were meet the suitability of characteristics, validity, readability, and improvement of students’ mathematical communication ability. This research uses the stages of Research & Development, including potential and problems; data collection; product design; product test (readability test); trial test; and final product. The results showed that the teaching material met the suitability of the characteristics. The results of the validity test showed a percentage of 88.54%. The readability test results showed a percentage of 63.65%. Analysis of pretest and posttest showed that teaching materials increased mathematical communication ability with the n-gain score of 0.44 in the medium category. Thus, the development of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) nuanced teaching materials is qualified because suitability in characteristics, valid to use, easily understand, and can increase students’ mathematical communication ability.

From feeling forces to understanding forces: The impact of bodily engagement on learning in science

AbstractEmbodied cognition theories view sensorimotor activity as fundamental to learning, knowing, and reasoning. To investigate the role of physical movement in conceptual learning, we developed and explored an Embodied Learning Interactive Chemistry environment (ELI‐Chem). The ELI‐Chem learning environment includes a computer simulation, a device for interacting with the simulation, and an online activity guide. In particular, we focused on the topic of chemical bonding—an abstract and nonintuitive phenomenon that is crucial to chemistry learning and that presents pervasive problems in learning. The ELI‐Chem learning environment embodies atoms' movement through four increasing degrees of bodily engagement in terms of range of motion and forces—movie, simulation, joystick, and haptic device (applies force feedback). A randomly assigned pretest‐intervention‐posttest four‐group comparison design was used with a mixed‐methods research approach. Quantitative analysis of pretest and posttest questionnaires tested the conceptual learning. Qualitative analysis of students' filled activity guides explored students' perceptions of the learning process and features of understanding. The participants were 48 high school chemistry students, 12 students in each degree of bodily engagement. During the activity, students were prompted to discover the forces underlying chemical bonding and to explore the energy changes involved. We found an increase in students' conceptual understanding in all four degrees of bodily engagement, with significantly higher learning gains and causal understanding in the haptic condition with a greater range of motion and forces. This study highlights the states in which embodied learning uniquely contributes to understanding and perception: absence of prior embodied experience, learning about a nonvisual concept related to forces, and a high congruence with the concept learned.