Analysis Of Official Data Research Articles

Times and spaces of crime in the Historic Centre of Porto: Evidence from official data

The analysis of official data is a traditional strategy to study criminality in a geographic space (e.g., city, country). This work focuses on the analysis of the official statistics of crime against property at the Historic Centre of Porto, Portugal, in 2018. It addresses temporal (i.e., by period of the week, time of day) and spatial patterns (i.e., spatial analysis, typology of spaces) of crime occurrences. The database was analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistics, and by spatial density analysis. Theft was the most common type of crime, although crime types varied greatly with location, and time of the day. There were no significant differences on crime occurrences by days of the week and most crimes were reported in the afternoon. Concerning typology of spaces, most crimes occurred at linear spaces, especially robberies. Findings can be very useful for sustainable and considered urban planning, by aligning the location of material and human resources with the detection of seasonal and comparable crime patterns, enabling more efficient crime prevention in urban areas.

Retrospective Analysis of Climatic Factors Influencing the Distribution and Mortality of COVID-19 in the Kyrgyz Republic

Sars-CoV-2 belongs to the human coronaviruses (HCoV). To date, three cases of crossing the species barrier by coronaviruses have been reported, which leads to the idea of further evolution of other coronavirus species. In light of this, the relevance of epidemiological characteristics in local areas remains significant. Retrospective assessment of the impact of the climatic region on the incidence and mortality of COVID-19. Analysis of official data on infection and mortality from COVID-19 in the Kyrgyz Republic for the entire period of the pandemic. It was found that mortality is indeed higher in mountainous areas compared to lowlands, while the incidence has an inverse correlation with the altitude of the locality above sea level. The high-altitude factor has a negative impact on mortality and a positive impact on the spread of Sars-CoV-2 among the population of the region.

Impact of COVID-19 vaccination on the severity of the course and outcomes of the disease in hospitalized patients in St. Petersburg

Vaccination against infection caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, despite the problems of a biological and social nature, remains the main preventive measure to prevent the spread of this infection. The aim is to assess the effect of COVID-19 vaccine prophylaxis on the incidence of severe forms and deaths among hospitalized patients. A retrospective epidemiological analysis of official data on 13,778 patients hospitalized in the main repurposed hospitals of the city of St. Petersburg was carried out, of which 973 people had a fatal disease. The frequency of pneumonia and deaths among vaccinated and unvaccinated patients was analyzed. Correlation and regression analysis was used to determine the nature of the relationship between these factors. An analysis of the incidence of pneumonia and deaths in patients with different vaccination status showed their statistically significant predominance among unvaccinated patients (p < 0.05). Quantitative fluctuations in deaths in 2021–2022 were established due to the beneficial effect of preventive vaccinations against COVID-19, expressed in a decrease in hospital mortality rates. The greatest reduction in mortality was achieved in the group of vaccinated patients in the absence of pneumonia. The risk of adverse outcomes was highest in the presence of pneumonia and the absence of vaccinations. A significant favorable factor was the vaccination coverage of hospitalized patients. COVID-19 vaccine prophylaxis has a positive effect on both the severity of this infection and its outcomes. However, a critical factor in this case is the degree of immunization of the population.

Освітні міграційні процеси в умовах повномасштабної війни (на прикладі контингенту абітурієнтів міст Києва та Кривого Рогу)

The article presents the results of a study on educational migration processes taking place in Ukraine during the full-scale war, as it has created unprecedented consequences in Ukraine, particularly in the education system, leading to the emergence of various new forms of educational migration. This study reflects the complex dynamics of how the armed conflict shapes and changes educational migration patterns in the Ukrainian context. To obtain a comprehensive picture of the sentiments and preferences of Ukrainian applicants, a mixed approach and a variety of methods and techniques were used, including surveys (questionnaires) of applicants, analysis of official data, and review of current information sources. According to the survey results, 22.9% of applicants from the cities of Kryvyi Rih and Kyiv plan to continue their education after graduating from secondary school in other countries. The main reasons motivating applicants towards educational migration include: danger to life and health in Ukraine, unstable political and economic situation in Ukraine, as well as the presence of better (according to the respondents) educational opportunities in other countries. Most applicants who plan to continue their education abroad aim to enter universities in Europe, the USA, and Canada. They plan to study fields such as IT, medicine, business, and law. Furthermore, this study highlights the strategies adopted by educational institutions to continue providing education amidst the conflict, such as distance learning and migration. The article concludes with a discussion of the implications of educational migration in the context of a full-scale war and considers possible ways to mitigate the negative consequences and support individuals and institutions affected by the war. Overall, this research contributes to understanding the complex interrelationships between armed conflict and the education system, emphasizing the need for urgent intervention in ongoing processes to ensure continuous access to quality education during and after the crisis.

From People to Public Policy: the Role of Human Capital in Sustainable Post-War Development of Ukraine

The crucial role of human capital in enhancing the effectiveness of public governance systems and the principles of new public policy is investigated in the context of sustainable development and the most relevant United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. The analysis begins with an overview of human capital as a fundamental asset for socio-economic development, highlighting its impact on innovation, productivity, and overall economic growth. The research methodology includes the application of several general scientific methods for literature review and concise analysis of official data, emphasizing the interrelationship between investments in human capital and improved governance outcomes. Key findings indicate that regions with higher levels of education, health, and skills among the population tend to demonstrate more robust governance and sustainable development indicators, as well as resilience to severe shocks (such as war), and this represents a manageable policy parameter for governments. The paper also discusses challenges and opportunities for optimizing human capital, including policy recommendations for education, healthcare, and workforce development to support sustainable development in line with the UN’s rationale. Through its analysis, the article contributes to strategic planning and public policy formulation, which is crucial for more effective utilization of human capital for regional development and better public governance.

Policies Aimed at Combating COVID-19 Pandemic and Economic Crisis in Poland

Abstract Subject and purpose of work The aim of the paper is to present the course of the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland and measures undertaken in order to prevent the spread of the disease and mitigate its results. The specific objective concerns evaluation of anti-crisis measures enacted during the pandemic in Poland. Materials and methods The paper is based on an analysis of official data provided by state institutions and reports on the course of the pandemic in Poland, as well as academic papers on the subject matter in question. The author employed an analytical and descriptive method in order to outline the course and assess the economic and social phenomena occurring during the pandemic. Results The state of the pandemic in Poland was announced on March 2020 and lifted in May 2023. During that period, Poland experienced two major waves of increased infections and excess deaths, which led to significant biological, economic and social damage, as well as major losses. The state has implemented an efficient and quite effective anti-pandemic measures aimed at protecting the lives and health of citizens, as well as anti-crisis policies to counter and limit the adverse effects of the ongoing pandemic in the form of an extensive financial aid in the form of the so-called Anti-Crisis Fund, which was continuously replenished. Conclusions The COVID-19 pandemic in Poland was an unprecedented and unpredictable phenomenon, which resulted in clear threat to the life and health of the population. It also brought upon a danger of an economic recession and social crisis, which could have resulted in deep economic crisis. The anti-pandemic measures introduced by the Polish government, as well as the anti-crisis measures implemented in quick succession, saved the country from a deep crisis and recession. There is a need for further research into the causes, course, as well as the immediate and long-term impacts of the pandemic.

Heavy Metals in Urban Soils of Volga Federal District: An Integrated Analysis of Official Data

Heavy Metals in Urban Soils of Volga Federal District: An Integrated Analysis of Official Data

Heavy Metals in Urban Soils of the Volga Federal District: a Conjugate Analysis of Official Data

Based on a conjugated analysis of the official data of Roshydromet on the content of priority heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu, Ni) in the soils of 23 cities of the Volga Federal District, as well as Rosstat data on the socio-economic indicators of these settlements, the ecological and geochemical characteristics of urbanozems (Urbic Technosols) and with the help of multivariate statistical analyzes (cluster and factorial), possible relationships between soil pollution parameters and urban features of cities were revealed. For the soils of most cities in the region with average socioeconomic indicators, admissible levels of accumulation of Cd, Pb, Zn, and Cu have been established, which, in terms of concentrations, are close to the average abundance of urban soils in Russia. In small and medium-sized cities of the Republic of Bashkortostan, exceedances of APC Ni in soils are recorded, which reflects the presence of a regional geochemical anomaly of natural and anthropogenic nature in the eastern part of the Volga Federal District, but no correlations between nickel pollution and socio-economic indicators of settlements are revealed. The moderately hazardous level of complex pollution in urbanozems with dominant accumulation of Cd and significantly lower concentration ratios of other heavy metals (Belebey, Davlekanovo, Dzerzhinsk) shows no correlation with the demographic indicators of settlements. The more complex profile of soil pollution (Cd–Zn in Penza or Cu–Cd–Zn in Mednogorsk) shows lower values of the total fertility rate and higher values of the mortality rate (compared with the average regional indicators). In general, using the example of the cities of the Volga Federal District, it is shown that the gradients of increasing concentrations in soils of Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu and the total pollution index Zc are codirectional with an increase in the general mortality rate of the population.

From a peripheral town to the Silicon Valley of northern Israel

ABSTRACT This article examines how the small peripheral town of Yoqneam became one of the largest high-tech centres in Israel. It does so by using official data analysis and in-depth interviews with key figures to construct a holistic model that explains the town’s phenomenal success in upgrading its socioeconomic level from 3 to 7 in 25 years. Four major success anchors have been identified: a) Employment opportunities that include high paying jobs in innovative clean industrial parks that enable personnel mobility and experience sharing; b) High standard of living that includes an excellent education system, along with various housing opportunities and beautiful surroundings; c) Growth accelerators, such as technological incubators that can contribute towards the transformation of this peripheral area into a technological centre; and d) Efficient transportation system that connects the town to the country’s business centre, as well as to knowledge centres such as universities.

THE PATH TOWARDS THE CIRCULAR ECONOMY AND SUSTAINABILITY IN HE CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY: A CASE STUDY OF SERBIA

The construction industry is one of the greatest contributors to pollution, waste, emission of greenhouse gases, and other forms of negative environmental damage. The construction industry by its nature is not sustainable, taking into account the procurement of materials, continuing with the resources that are consumed, all the way to the overall effects on the environment. The harmful nature of the construction industry has to be retained by introducing more sustainable approaches and developing strategies that can reduce the harmful effects of construction. Taking into account that the building sector is one of the greatest contributors to resource consumption it is clear that is very important to develop ways in which negative impacts could be limited. One of the most acknowledged approaches is a circular economy that has aim to find other paths to reconcile the development of states, constant building activities, and limited natural resources that are jeopardized due to these activities. Each state must put an effort towards achieving this balance. This paper analyses the position of Serbia on the path towards sustainability in the construction industry and practices of circular economy that are acquired. This paper is based on the literature review and analysis of official data about construction activities in Serbia. This approach was chosen as it can help establish the position of Serbia toward arising requests that address activities in the construction industry and the current level of compliance with them. Sources were searched using the keywords „circular economy “; “construction industry“; „sustainability“; etc. Most information was withdrawn from the Republic Institute of Statistics and from governmental documents made to support circular economy practices. Data was gathered with a focus on the most recent statistics and changes in trends so that the current position of Serbia is most accurately presented. In addition, clients of the construction companies from Belgrade were asked about their opinions on the importance of sustainability of the construction projects, with a focus on circular economy solutions. Results show that Serbia has a very low application of circular economy strategies despite the great potential that is acknowledged by several sources. Moreover, the research has shown that clients still don’t have developed awareness of the importance of sustainable construction and don't have the sensibility to acknowledge and support measures of the circular economy.

Transformation of the state-capital relationship over public land in Turkey

This article analyses the state’s contemporary role in capital accumulation in the development of public land. In the literature, it is argued that the state goes beyond a regulatory role and participates in the capital-accumulation process as the owner of land or financial assets derived from land-based revenue, thus transforming from an external to an internal actor. It is argued that, in this way, the state governs urban development and the distribution of the land rent. This article argues that in the privatisation of land before development, the state is involved as the regulator and landowner, as suggested in the literature; however, when the state participates in the development of public land through public-private partnerships led by entrepreneurial state agencies and state-owned companies, it is also involved in production, trade and finance. In the latter case, the state manipulates the distribution, and its revenue consists not only of land rent but also of profit. Based on Marx’s analysis of the total circuit of capital, which does not include the forms of state involvement, the article attempts to elucidate contemporary transformations in the state-capital relationship in the development of public land. It claims that the new government strategies aim to address problems of capital accumulation and state finance through land development. The article is based on an analysis of official data on the practices and revenue of three state agencies engaged in land privatisation and development in Turkey.

The political economy of a failed drug reform: Insights from Peru's main legal coca valley.

As the world's second largest coca producer, Peru has a flourishing market for coca for non-narcotic uses. With more than 20,000 hectares and approximately 35,000 officially registered farmers in the Peruvian legal scheme for coca cultivation and commercialization, this market is formally under the monopoly of the National Enterprise of Coca (ENACO). Nonetheless, ENACO only captures 2% of all coca produced nationally and has experienced a sustained reduction of farmers' participation and coca purchases within the legal trade. At different times, these problems have opened the way to demands from left-wing political parties, subnational governments, coca growers' organizations and even Peru's central drug control institutions to reform the legal coca market in Peru. However, none of these attempts have succeeded. Based on a policy analysis of the legal coca trade and analysis of official data, together with a case study of Peru's main legal coca valley (La Convención) this article seeks to understand the current crisis of the legal coca trade as well as the repeated failures of reform. Peru's political centralism and the historical marginalization of Andean culture help to explain the successful blocking of reform attempts to the legal coca trade.

Retrospective Analysis of Official Data on Anthrax in Europe with a Special Reference to Ukraine.

Anthrax is an acute infectious zoonotic disease caused by Bacillus anthracis that mostly affects grazing livestock and wildlife. Furthermore, B. anthracis is considered one of the most important biological agents of bioterrorism that could also be potentially misused in biological weapons. The distribution of anthrax in domestic animals and wildlife in Europe with a particular focus on Ukraine as a country of war was analyzed. Between 2005 and 2022, 267 anthrax cases were registered at the World Organization of Animal Health (WOAH) in animals in Europe, including 251 cases in domestic animals and 16 in wildlife. The highest numbers of cases were recorded in 2005 and 2016 followed by 2008, and the highest numbers of registered cases were reported from Albania, Russia, and Italy. In Ukraine, anthrax is currently a sporadic infection. Since 2007, 28 notifications were registered, with isolates mainly from soil samples. The highest number of confirmed anthrax cases was registered in 2018, and Odesa, which is close to Moldova, had the highest number of cases, followed by the Cherkasy region. The presence of thousands of biothermal pits and burial grounds of fallen cattle nationwide favors the re-emergence of new foci. Most confirmed cases were in cattle; however, single cases were confirmed in dogs, horses, and pigs. Further investigation of the disease in wildlife and in environmental samples is needed. The genetic analysis of isolates, investigation of susceptibility to antimicrobial compounds, and determination of virulence and pathogenicity factors are required in this volatile region of the world for awareness raising and preparedness.

Assessing the design and the outcome of the new renewable electricity auctions in Spain

Similarly to other countries in the EU, Spain has very ambitious renewable electricity targets for the 2030 timeframe. According to its National Climate and Energy Plan, 74% of electricity will have to be generated from renewable electricity sources. This means that around 60 GW of new renewable electricity capacity (mostly wind and solar PV) will have to be deployed in the next decade, which will certainly be a challenge. Auctions are the main instrument to reach those targets. A radically different design of the auctions was adopted in 2020 and already four auctions have been conducted with the new design. Based on an analysis of official data and secondary sources, the aim of this article is to assess the main design features and the outcome of those auctions. The design of the auction is considered to be appropriate. However, the ex-ante effectiveness of the auction has decreased over the auction rounds. Similarly, support cost efficiency was very high in the first auction and decreased over auction rounds (higher bid prices) due to the higher costs of materials, logistics and financing. Finally, technological and actor diversity have been low in most auctions.

UNEMPLOYMENT IN UKRAINE: CONTEMPORARY CHALLENGES

The article is devoted to the problem of unemployment in Ukraine. The essence of unemployment according to Ukrainian legislation has been defined. The theories of unemployment have been briefly described. Based on the statistical data of the State Employment Service, the number of unemployment and its dynamics in 2022 has been analyzed. The discrepancy between the actual number of unemployed and the registered number have been indicated. The number of unemployed has been analyzed in terms of types of economic activity. Based on the analysis of official data, a decrease in the number of unemployed in Ukraine has been noted. Analysis of the demand and supply of labor force have been conducted. With this aim the number of vacancies and the number of unemployed as of November 1, 2022 have been compared. The presence of a significant imbalance between the demand and the supply of labor force has been noted. Thus, it has been investigated that 7 officially registered unemployed are applying for one job.

Suicide mortality among children in the Russian Federation

Purpose. To identify the aspects of suicide mortality of the child population of the Russian Federation and to propose directions for its prevention.Materials and methods. An analysis of official data on the incidence of suicide deaths and injuries with uncertain intentionsin children of various age groups and in the context of the Russian Federation constituent entities was carried out. Special attention of suicide death age structure was paid to adolescents aged 15–17 years. The proportion of suicides among children due to external causes of death was determined.Results. The incidence of suicide in children and adolescents depends on age, gender, and place of residence: in general, boys and urban residents dominated among the dead; suicide cases were recorded starting from the age group 5–9 years, more than two thirds of them were in the 15–17 age group; suicide rates among external causes of child death increased with age, were higher in girls and in rural areas; all the indicators studied had regional characteristics. Suicide mortality of children higher than the all-Russian level was recorded in the Volga, Siberian and Far Eastern, and at the age of 15–17 years — in the Southern, North Caucasus and Ural Federal Districts.Conclusion. The characteristics of suicide mortality of children its social conditionality should be taken into account in the preventive measures’ formation. An analysis of inaccurate and unspecified causes of children death is important; intensive development of medical and social assistance and introduction of modern technologies of medical and social support for children and adolescents; using the principles of intersectoral and interdepartmental interaction to identify and strengthen State control over improper parenting; raising the social responsibility of parents.

COMPARISON OF CLOUD SERVICE CONSUMPTION IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC, VISEGRÁD GROUP AND EUROPEAN UNION

Adoption of cloud services has an increasing trend for many years already and no indication that it should change in close future has occurred. Moreover, cloud consumption has been further enhanced due to the COVID-19 situation since a great number of employees started to work from home and therefore, they need to access resources over the internet. This article describes the performed analysis of official data provided by the European Union on the consumption of cloud services in the member countries. The analysis particularly focused on comparing the cloud consumption in the Czech Republic, Visegrád Group and European Union in total. The consumption was compared based on multiple criteria – primarily on cloud service types, organization types, consumption trends. The analysis was conducted over sets of biannual data (2014, 2016, 2018, and 2020) that are available on the Eurostat site for all the European Union countries. The comparison showed that the level of cloud consumption differs across and that the average consumption for the European Union is higher than in the Czech Republic and in Visegrád Group. Besides, the comparison revealed that consumption in the Czech Republic is slightly higher than in Visegrád Group. Such pattern in the comparison between the three subjects was present in the majority of comparisons and therefore it might be stated that the Czech Republic and Visegrád Group are behind the average cloud consumption in European Union. This article is closely related to the Information Management as one of the aims of the E&M Economics and Management journal.

Epidemiological Characteristics of Male Reproductive Cancers in the Republic of Kazakhstan: Ten-Year Trends.

Background:Epidemiology of male reproductive cancers (MRC) is relatively well studied in developed world nations, but little is known about Central Asian states. We aimed to analyze the changing trends for incidence, mortality and 5-year survival MRC across provinces of the Republic of Kazakhstan.Methods:This was a retrospective cohort study based on data obtained from the Kazakhstan Cancer Registry, which serves as a nationwide database for all histologically confirmed cancer cases. From this, information on all male patients with prostate (PCa) and testicular cancers (TCa) was retrieved for the period from 2010 to 2019. The statistical analysis of official data on incidence, survival, and mortality rates was performed for both the whole country and its provinces.Results:There was a substantial instability of PCa incidence rates, attributed to the execution of screening program from 2013 to 2017. Still, there was a lack of variations in TCa incidence rates. However, PCa screening program had no influence on reduction of mortality rates, which remained relatively stable. There is much heterogeneity between country’s provinces in incidence and mortality rates. TCa patients were younger than PCa patients and had better 5-year survival.Conclusion:As compared with many other countries, Kazakhstani men with PCa and TCa have poorer five-year survival, which requires further investigation. Moreover, a careful analysis of diagnostic and treatment strategies utilized at different hospitals across the country would be highly desirable.

Expanding or restricting access to tertiary education? A tale of two sectors and two countries

ABSTRACT This paper examines responses to the trend for increasing participation in tertiary education, linking developments in higher education with those in apprenticeship systems, in Australia and the United Kingdom. In both sectors, expansion proceeded for several decades, but was robustly criticised in both countries. The expansion of access to these two forms of tertiary education, therefore, was contested and potentially precarious. The paper finds, through analysis of official data, that participation in higher education and in apprenticeship was actually almost static, or fell, in both countries in the 2010s. Yet criticism of expansion continued in media commentary during this decade. The paper both explains and takes issue with the arguments against expansion, which have been influential in both sectors. It discusses some ways forward to understand the phenomenon better, and also the need to address the problems caused by the restriction of opportunities. Comparative analysis between the two sectors has not previously been undertaken. It is argued in the paper that such analysis enriches the theoretical lenses through which expansion of access may be viewed, and that it may suggest avenues for future research, and perhaps, for advocacy.

Implementation of antiproton generator in Geant4

A generator of antiproton (p̄) in Geant4 has been developed using a theoretical model with the consideration of near-threshold treatment and used preliminarily in COMET experiment. The precision of this generator has been verified by comparing with experimental results taken in CERN (1970) and ITEP (1994). By implementing this generator into official data analysis framework of COMET, the yield of p̄ in COMET experiment can be evaluated properly. Background caused by p̄ can also be estimated by this generator in future, which will instruct the design and optimization. Moreover, this generator can also be used in the simulation of other experiments involving near-threshold p̄ generation.