Analysis Of Magnetic Data Research Articles

Interplay between lattice and magnetism in distorted diamond spin chain compound Cu[formula omitted]Nb[formula omitted]O[formula omitted]

Cu3Nb2O8 is an atypical type-II magnetic multiferroic, where the direction of the electric polarization does not conform with the conventional spin current model. It exhibits a unique crystal structure, where Cu atoms arrange themselves into a distorted diamond chain along the crystallographic a-axis, leading to quasi-one-dimensional behavior with the presence of nonmagnetic Nb atoms between these chains. To understand its multiferroic character, we employed a combination of temperature-dependent powder X-ray diffraction, X-ray absorption spectroscopy, and magnetization measurements. Anomaly in lattice parameters is observed below the magnetic transition temperature (TN), and the low temperature crystal structure lacks inversions symmetry. The near edge of the X-ray absorption spectra confirms 2+ valence state of Cu, which remains unaltered down to 20 K. Extended X-ray absorption fine structure analysis reveals significant alterations in the Cu–O bond lengths within the first shell subsequent to TN. The pre-edge intensity increases sharply below TN, which justifies the increase in local distortion of the Cu–O coordination. Notably, our analysis of magnetic susceptibility data indicate stronger interaction between the shorter diagonal Cu atoms in the diamond chain than that of predicted by Density Functional Theory. The work sheds new light on the interplay between structure and magnetism in Cu3Nb2O8 and it contributes to understand this multiferroic materials.

Comprehensive gravity and magnetic data analysis for quantitative determining salt bodies in complex physical-geological environments

Comprehensive gravity and magnetic data analysis for quantitative determining salt bodies in complex physical-geological environments

Bayesian inference for group-level cortical surface image-on-scalar regression with Gaussian process priors.

In regression-based analyses of group-level neuroimage data, researchers typically fit a series of marginal general linear models to image outcomes at each spatially referenced pixel. Spatial regularization of effects of interest is usually induced indirectly by applying spatial smoothing to the data during preprocessing. While this procedure often works well, the resulting inference can be poorly calibrated. Spatial modeling of effects of interest leads to more powerful analyses; however, the number of locations in a typical neuroimage can preclude standard computing methods in this setting. Here, we contribute a Bayesian spatial regression model for group-level neuroimaging analyses. We induce regularization of spatially varying regression coefficient functions through Gaussian process priors. When combined with a simple non-stationary model for the error process, our prior hierarchy can lead to more data-adaptive smoothing than standard methods. We achieve computational tractability through a Vecchia-type approximation of our prior that retains full spatial rank and can be constructed for a wide class of spatial correlation functions. We outline several ways to work with our model in practice and compare performance against standard vertex-wise analyses and several alternatives. Finally, we illustrate our methods in an analysis of cortical surface functional magnetic resonance imaging task contrast data from a large cohort of children enrolled in the adolescent brain cognitive development study.

Possibilities and limitations of magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnostics of endocervical adenocarcinomas

BACKGROUND: In recent decades, the incidence of cervical adenocarcinomas has increased from 5% to 20%. Endocervical adenocarcinomas are characterized by a more aggressive course and early metastasis. Owing to the difficulties in the cytological diagnosis of cervical adenocarcinoma, early radiation diagnostics and staging subsequently play a key role. Very few studies have examined the use of magnetic resonance imaging in diagnosing cervical adenocarcinomas. AIM: To determine the diagnostic informativeness of magnetic resonance imaging in the staging of cervical adenocarcinomas according to the T-criterion and assessing the depth of tumor invasion into the stroma of the cervix and clarify the semiotic signs of adenocarcinoma and features of tumor growth in the uterus. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In total, 123 patients diagnosed with cervical cancer (C53), who underwent diagnosis and treatment between 2020 and 2023, were examined. The examination results of 22 (18%) patients with cervical adenocarcinoma were analyzed. The average patient age was 56 years. A multiparametric magnetic resonance examination of the pelvic organs was performed on 22 patients using tomographs with a magnetic field strength of 1.5 T. Moreover, 14 (64%) patients underwent surgery including extirpation of the uterus and appendages with pelvic lymphadenectomy. The information value of magnetic resonance imaging was evaluated in 11 patients, whose first stage was surgical treatment. RESULTS: In this study, cervical adenocarcinoma was detected in 18% among all cases of cervical cancer. The information value of magnetic resonance imaging in assessing the local prevalence of endocervical adenocarcinoma according to the T-criterion was as follows (main value with the corresponding 95% confidence interval): sensitivity, 77.78% (39.99%–97.19%); specificity, 50.00% (1.26%–98.74%); positive predictive value, 87.50% (62.64%–96.69%); negative predictive value, 33.33% (7.30%–76.04%); and accuracy, 72.73% (39.03%–93.98%). The information value of magnetic resonance imaging in assessing the depth of tumor invasion into the cervical stroma was as follows: odds ratio, 3.500 (0.145%–84.694%); sensitivity, 85.7% (0.757%–0.993%); specificity, 33.3% (0.018%–0.0648%); positive predictive value, 75% (0.673%–0.883%); negative predictive value, 50% (0.027%–0.972%). CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study showed that magnetic resonance imaging is a good tool with high diagnostic informativeness in detecting endocervical cervical adenocarcinoma. The four macrostructures of tumor growth in endocervical adenocarcinoma identified during magnetic resonance imaging data analysis indicate locally aggressive tumor growth and a high frequency of endometrial dropouts. This finding will allow radiologists to structure a descriptive picture, including the verified cervical adenocarcinoma, to enhance methods of developing a treatment plan for the patient.

The Magnetic Anomaly Map of Paraná State: An Integration of Airborne Surveys Performed Over the Years

Over the last decades, several aerial survey campaigns have been conducted in the State of Paraná. However, we did not have a complete magnetic data integration and analysis focused on the Paraná’s geological context. Therefore, the main objective of this work is to provide the integration of all available data and realize a general analysis to make the Integrated Magnetic Map of the Paraná State, in collaboration with the Geological Survey of Brazil (SGB-CPRM). After integrate the data we have applied processing techniques on public airborne magnetic data, available from the Geological Survey of Brazil database (GeoSGB). For this integration, it was used the minimum curvature interpolation, with cell sizes according to each survey. All gridded data was extrapolated upward from the original height to the altitude of 1800 m. Afterwards, we applied the upward continuation for 2700 m and the following filters: vertical gradient (VDR), total horizontal derivative (THDR), analytic signal (AS), or tilt derivative (TDR), tilt angle of the horizontal derivative (TAHG) and vertical integral of the analytic signal (VIAS). The final results provide valuable maps (and grids) that can be used by the community for future works. In this work we tried to do a simple overview of the structural framework of Paraná State, representing the main magnetic structures of the Paraná State basement and compare them with the most important structures already mapped in surface over the years. All the data present in this work and other filters tests are available and can be access in the supplementary material (https://acervodigital.ufpr.br/ https://hdl.handle.net/1884/89075 and also at zenodo repository https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12820642).

Similar patterns of brain activity for holistic representation of working memory: a study in children and adults.

Working memory is the fundamental function of the various cognitive processes and abilities in the overall trajectory of development. Significant advances in multivariate analysis of human functional magnetic resonance imaging data have converged functional segregation models toward integrated representation-based models. However, due to the inherent limitations of the multi-voxel pattern analysis method, we are unable to determine whether the underlying neural representations are spatially similar in the brain. Our study attempts to answer this question by examining the spatial similarity of brain activity during the working memory task in children and adults. Our results reveal similar patterns of activity between the regions involved in working memory. This functional network of similar spatial patterns was observed in both normally developing children and adults. However, the between-region similarity was more pronounced in adults than in children and associated with better performance. We propose an exchange of similar information flows through the brain at an integrated level of working memory processes, underpinning the holistic nature of working memory representation.

Relation of Cognitive Reserve Indicator to Heart Disease and Cardiac Structure and Function: A Large Community-Based Longitudinal Study.

High cognitive reserve (CR) has been related to lower dementia risk, but its association with heart disease (HD) is unknown. We aimed to explore the relation of CR to HD and cardiac structure and function. Within the UK Biobank, 349 907 HD-free participants were followed up. A composite CR indicator involving education/occupation attainment/television viewing time/confiding frequency/social connection frequency/variety of leisure activities was generated, and further categorized into low/moderate/high levels. Incident HD, including coronary HD, cardiac arrhythmia, and heart failure, was ascertained on the basis of medical records. During the follow-up, a subsample (n=31 182) underwent cardiac magnetic resonance imaging to assess ventricular structure and function. Data were analyzed using Cox regression, Laplace regression, and linear regression. Compared with low CR, the hazard ratio and 95% CI of any HD for high CR was 0.78 (0.75-0.80) (including 0.68 [0.66-0.71] for coronary HD, 0.91 [0.87-0.95] for cardiac arrhythmia, and 0.63 [0.58-0.68] for heart failure). Furthermore, high CR was associated with delayed HD onset by 1.59 (95% CI, 1.37-1.82) years compared with low CR. In cardiac magnetic resonance imaging data analysis, compared with low CR, high CR was associated with larger left ventricular end-diastolic volume (β, 0.13 [95% CI, 0.09-0.17]), left ventricular end-systolic volume (β, 0.05 [95% CI, 0.01-0.10]), left ventricular stroke volume (β, 0.16 [95% CI, 0.12-0.21]), and left ventricular ejection fraction (β, 0.08 [95% CI, 0.03-0.13]). High CR is associated with favorable HD health. Our findings suggest that the beneficial effect of CR is not limited to dementia but also HD.

Pyridyl-Substituted Nitronyl Nitroxides: Comprehensive Magnetochemical and Quantum Chemical Study.

A series of pyridyl-substituted nitronyl nitroxides was synthesized and structurally characterized. A comprehensive magnetochemical and quantum chemical study of extended raw of the nitroxides with different substituents R in the pyridine fragment was performed. It was shown, that temperature-dependent magnetic properties are determined by the short contacts between nitroxide groups of adjacent molecules as well as between nitroxide group and methyl substituents in the pseudo axial positions of imidazoline fragments. Quantum chemistry allows to select the appropriate model of exchange cluster for analysis of experimental magnetic data and evaluation of the exchange interaction parameters. For NN-PyCl the "order-disorder" transition was detected by means of low temperature XRD. The difference in the experimental and calculated exchange interaction energies may serve as an indicator of temperature-induced structural rearrangements. For instance, for methyl substituted nitronyl nitroxide NN-PyMe structural transformations and significant changes in exchange interaction energies were observed.

Crystalline electric field and large anomalous Hall effect in NdGaGe single crystals

We grew NdGaGe single crystals and investigated their magnetic and electrical transport properties. The magnetic susceptibility data revealed that NdGaGe orders magnetically at Tm≈ 8.8 K; also confirmed by heat capacity and electrical resistivity data. In ordered state, the heat capacity and electrical resistivity data exhibit a gapped-magnon behavior with an energy gap of ∼ 4.7 K. Our detailed crystalline electric field analysis of magnetic susceptibility, magnetization, and heat capacity data indicates that the (2J+1) degenerate energy levels of Nd3+ ion split into five doublets with an overall splitting of ∼ 123 K. We observe a large anomalous Hall conductivity (AHC) ∼ 530 Ω−1 cm−1 at 2 K, which is close to the theoretical expected value due to intrinsic Berry-curvature. Moreover, the scaling parameter between anomalous Hall resistivity and magnetoresistivity together with the linear relationship between AHC and saturation magnetization suggests that the origin of large AHC in NdGaGe is due to the intrinsic Berry curvature.

3D Gravity and magnetic inversion modelling for geothermal assessment and temperature modelling in the central eastern desert and Red Sea, Egypt

The Central Eastern Desert and Red Sea region have emerged as a significant area of interest for geothermal energy exploration, owing to their unique geological characteristics and active tectonic activity. This research aims to enhance our understanding of the region's geothermal potential through a comprehensive analysis of gravity and magnetic data. By utilizing a 3D gravity inversion model, a detailed examination of subsurface structures and density variations was conducted. Similarly, a 3D magnetic inversion model was employed to investigate subsurface magnetic properties. Integration result from the Pygimli library ensured robustness and accuracy in the inversion results. Furthermore, a temperature model was developed using the WINTERC-G model and inversion techniques, shedding light on the thermal structure and potential anomalies in the study area. The analysis of the Bouguer gravity map, 3D gravity inversion model, and magnetic data inversion yielded significant findings. The Red Sea exhibited higher gravity values compared to the onshore Eastern Desert, attributed to the presence of a thinner and denser oceanic crust as opposed to the less dense continental crust in the Eastern Desert. The 3D gravity inversion model revealed distinct variations in density, particularly high-density zones near the surface of the Red Sea, indicating underlying geological structures and processes. Conversely, density gradually decreased with depth along the onshore line, potentially influenced by a higher concentration of crustal fractures. The magnetic data inversion technique provided additional insights, highlighting areas with demagnetized materials, indicative of elevated temperatures. These findings were consistent with the correlation between high-density areas and low magnetic susceptibility values, reinforcing the proposition of increased heat transfer from the Red Sea. Comparative analysis of temperature profiles further confirmed the presence of elevated temperatures in promising zones, emphasizing the geothermal potential associated with heat transfer from the Red Sea.This research contributes to the understanding of the geothermal resources in the Central Eastern Desert and Red Sea region. The results from gravity and magnetic data inversions, combined with temperature profiles, provide valuable information for future geothermal exploration and utilization efforts. The findings underscore the importance of geothermal energy in achieving sustainability and contribute to the global discourse on renewable energy sources.

More than labels: neural representations of emotion words are widely distributed across the brain.

Although emotion words such as "anger," "disgust," "happiness," or "pride" are often thought of as mere labels, increasing evidence points to language as being important for emotion perception and experience. Emotion words may be particularly important for facilitating access to the emotion concepts. Indeed, deficits in semantic processing or impaired access to emotion words interfere with emotion perception. Yet, it is unclear what these behavioral findings mean for affective neuroscience. Thus, we examined the brain areas that support processing of emotion words using representational similarity analysis of functional magnetic resonance imaging data (N = 25). In the task, participants saw 10 emotion words (e.g. "anger," "happiness") while in the scanner. Participants rated each word based on its valence on a continuous scale ranging from 0 (Pleasant/Good) to 1 (Unpleasant/Bad) scale to ensure they were processing the words. Our results revealed that a diverse range of brain areas including prefrontal, midline cortical, and sensorimotor regions contained information about emotion words. Notably, our results overlapped with many regions implicated in decoding emotion experience by prior studies. Our results raise questions about what processes are being supported by these regions during emotion experience.

Geophysical Assessment of Structurally Controlled Mineral Resources at Wadi El-Nakheel, Eastern Desert, Egypt

It is of great importance to evaluate simple methods to identify mineral occurrence for the future development of society. Applying a reconnaissance magnetic data analysis can help detect the main structural trends mounted to the occurrence of minerals. In this study, geological and geophysical data were analyzed to evaluate the main structural trends affecting mineralization in the area of Wadi El-Nakheel. Geomagnetic data were processed to remove the earth’s magnetic field and reduce the magnetic pole. Some mathematical filters related to detecting and enhancing boundaries between rock units, depending on their magnetization affinity, were applied, including the first vertical derivative, the analytic signal, and 3D Euler deconvolution. After structural analysis of these data, we reached the following findings: The main structural trends from the surface and subsurface estimations were the northwest–southeast trend and the northeast–southwest trend. The orientation and origin of Wadi El-Nakheel are aligned with the main structural trend affecting the area that formed during the Red Sea Rift movement and the Pan-African orogeny. The depth of the deep-seated structure controlling the valley is 1500 m and all mineral occurrence is mainly structurally controlled in the studied area; phosphate ore outcrops are usually aligned with the northwest–southeast geological trend, and metallic ores are related to basement rock succession and the main dominant geological structures in the studied area. Finally, the magnetic method was demonstrated to be a reliable tool for detecting the subsurface boundary between geologic units.

Synthesis, structure, fluorescence, and magnetic studies of a series of transition metal complexes with oxygen-bridged phenylene tricarboxylic acid ligand

In this work, 4-(2-carboxyphenoxy)phthalic acid ligand (H3bppa), 4,4′-dipyridyl (4,4′-dipy), 1,10-phenanthroline (phen), 2,2′-dipyridyl (2,2′-dipy) and transition metal ions Zn2+, Cu2+, Mn2+, Ni2+, Co2+ were used to synthesize metal complexes by solvothermal reaction. Ten complexes were synthesized, namely, [Zn(H2bppa)2(H2O)4]·4H2O (1), [Mn(H2bppa)2(H2O)4]·4H2O (2), [Co(H2bppa)2(H2O)4]·4H2O (3), [Mn(H2bppa)2 (2,2′-dipy) (H2O)]n (4), [Cu(H2bppa)2 (2,2′-dipy) (H2O)]n (5), [Mn3(bppa)2(4,4′-dipy)2 (H2O)6]n (6), [Co(Hbppa) (phen)2 (H2O)] (7) and [Ni(Hbppa) (phen)2 (H2O)] (8), [Mn(Hbppa) (phen) (H2O)]n (9), [Cu(Hbppa) (phen) (H2O)]n (10). Structural datas were collected by X-ray single crystal diffractometer, the results show that complexes 1, 2, 3, 7 and 8 are zero-dimensional mononuclear structure, 4, 5, 9 and 10 are one-dimensional chain structure, 6 is three-dimensional network structure. Furthermore, solid state fluorescence properties were performed on complexes H3bppa and 1–8, magnetic properties were performed on complexes 2–8. The fluorescence experiment results show that the fluorescence intensity of complexes 1–8 is weaker than that of H3bppa, and the fluorescence emission spectrum of complex 1 undergoes a blue shift relative to the H3bppa. Magnetic testing data analysis shows that complexes 2, 3 and 8 have antiferromagentic properties and complexes 4, 5, 6 and 7 have ferromagentic properties.

Grey Matter Atrophy and its Relationship with White Matter Lesions in Patients with Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody-associated Disease, Aquaporin-4 Antibody-Positive Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder, and Multiple Sclerosis.

To evaluate: (1) the distribution of gray matter (GM) atrophy in myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD), aquaporin-4 antibody-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (AQP4+NMOSD), and relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS); and (2) the relationship between GM volumes and white matter lesions in various brain regions within each disease. A retrospective, multicenter analysis of magnetic resonance imaging data included patients with MOGAD/AQP4+NMOSD/RRMS in non-acute disease stage. Voxel-wise analyses and general linear models were used to evaluate the relevance of regional GM atrophy. For significant results (p < 0.05), volumes of atrophic areas are reported. We studied 135 MOGAD patients, 135 AQP4+NMOSD, 175 RRMS, and 144 healthy controls (HC). Compared with HC, MOGAD showed lower GM volumes in the temporal lobes, deep GM, insula, and cingulate cortex (75.79 cm3); AQP4+NMOSD in the occipital cortex (32.83 cm3); and RRMS diffusely in the GM (260.61 cm3). MOGAD showed more pronounced temporal cortex atrophy than RRMS (6.71 cm3), whereas AQP4+NMOSD displayed greater occipital cortex atrophy than RRMS (19.82 cm3). RRMS demonstrated more pronounced deep GM atrophy in comparison with MOGAD (27.90 cm3) and AQP4+NMOSD (47.04 cm3). In MOGAD, higher periventricular and cortical/juxtacortical lesions were linked to reduced temporal cortex, deep GM, and insula volumes. In RRMS, the diffuse GM atrophy was associated with lesions in all locations. AQP4+NMOSD showed no lesion/GM volume correlation. GM atrophy is more widespread in RRMS compared with the other two conditions. MOGAD primarily affects the temporal cortex, whereas AQP4+NMOSD mainly involves the occipital cortex. In MOGAD and RRMS, lesion-related tract degeneration is associated with atrophy, but this link is absent in AQP4+NMOSD. ANN NEUROL 2024;96:276-288.

#908 The effect of obesity and fat distribution on estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR): A Mendelian randomization and image data analysis study

Abstract Background and Aims Obesity is intimately linked to the initiation and progression of chronic kidney disease, but questions on causality still remain. The diagnosis of chronic kidney disease is often based solely on creatinine- and/or cystatin C-based estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), but both these endogenous biomarkers are also known to be related to body composition. This study aims to further investigate how obesity causally affects eGFR, derived from both biomarkers. Method Methods used were: Traditional cross-sectional analyses and magnetic resonance imaging data analyses performed in the POEM study (502 subjects, all aged 50 years), and two-sample Mendelian randomization using already published summary data. Outcome variables for all analyses were eGFR indexed to body surface area, based on creatinine and cystatin C, respectively. In both the traditional cross-sectional and the Mendelian randomization analyses body mass index and waist circumference were used as exposure variables. In the image data analyses, eGFR was regressed nonparametically on fat content and tissue volume for each 3D voxel. Results were visualized as a correlation “imiomics” map. Results Results from the POEM study showed in an adjusted model a negative correlation between cystatin C calculated eGFR and both body mass index [beta = −0.190 (95% CI: −0.280 to −0.100)] and waist circumference [beta = −0.160 (95% CI: −0.250 to −0.060)]. In contrast, a positive association was found for eGFR when using creatinine levels [beta = 0.120 (95% CI: 0.030 to 0.210) for body mass index; beta = 0.160 (95% CI: 0.070 to 0.260) for waist circumference]. This pattern was repeated in the image data analysis, which was visualized in the imiomics map: both visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue were negatively correlated to eGFR based on cystatin C but positively correlated to eGFR based on creatinine (Fig. 1). Mendelian randomization implied a negative causal effect of obesity-related measures on cystatin C-based eGFR, with statistically significant estimates for both body mass index [beta = −0.031 (95% CI: −0.037 to −0.026)] and waist circumference [beta = −0.038 (95% CI: −0.045 to −0.031)]. No statistically significant effects was found on creatinine-based eGFR (Fig. 2). Conclusion This study indicates a causal negative effect of obesity on cystatin C-based eGFR, but not on eGFR calculated from creatinine. This discrepancy is further highlighted by analyses of adipose tissue from magnetic resonance imaging. These findings thus warrant further research on the impact of using the endogenous biomarkers creatinine and cystatin C to estimate renal function when assessing the link between obesity and chronic kidney disease.

The Study on Anomalies of the Geomagnetic Topology Network Associated with the 2022 Ms6.8 Luding Earthquake

On 5 September 2022, the Ms 6.8 Luding earthquake occurred at 29.59°N and 102.08°E in China. To investigate the variations in geomagnetic signals before the earthquake, this study analyzes the geomagnetic data from nine stations around the epicenter. First, we apply the Multi-channel Singular Spectrum Analysis to reconstruct the periodic components of the geomagnetic data from multiple stations. Second, we employ K-means clustering to rule out the possibility of occasional anomalies caused by a single station. Subsequently, we construct a geomagnetic topology network considering the remaining stations. Network centrality is defined as a measure of overall network connectivity, where the higher the correlation between multiple stations, the greater the network centrality. Finally, we examine the network centrality 45 days before and 15 days after the Luding earthquake. The results show that several anomalies in network centrality are extracted about one week before the earthquake. We further validate the significance of the anomalies in terms of time as well as space and verify the utility of the centrality anomalies through the SEA technique. The anomalies are found to have a statistical correlation with the earthquake event. We consider that this study provides a new way and a novel observational perspective for earthquake precursor analysis of ground-based magnetic data.

Modulating the Magnetic Dynamics of Five‐Coordinate DyIII Single‐Molecule Magnets by the Substitution Effect on the Axial Ligand

AbstractTwo five‐coordinate mononuclear DyIII single‐molecule magnets [(TrapenTMS)Dy(L)] (Trapen=tris(2‐aminobenzyl) amine; TMS=SiMe3; L=OPMe3 1, OPEt3 2) have been synthesized by the reaction of [(TrapenTMS)Dy(THF)] and OPMe3, OPEt3, respectively. The molecular structures of 1 and 2 were fully established by single crystal X‐ray diffraction. The centre DyIII ions of both complexes exhibit distorted triangular bipyramid geometries, varying with different neutral ligands L on the apex. The TrapenTMS ligand forms the pyramid base of the trigonal bipyramid. Subtle structural modifications of the axial O‐ligand terminal substituent result in different dynamic magnetic behaviors. Magnetic data analysis reveals that 1 and 2 exhibit the characteristic behavior of SMM without a dc field, accompanying an unambiguous quantum tunneling of the magnetization. Field‐induced slow magnetic relaxation was observed for 1 and 2 under an applied bias dc field of 1000 Oe, the relaxation energy barriers are 107 K and 88 K for 1 and 2, respectively. We have investigated the differences in magnetism and magnetic anisotropy between the two complexes by ab initio calculations.

Revelations of vortex phases and pinning mechanism in GdBa2Cu3O7-δ superconductors: a magneto-electric and magnetization study

Rare earth (RE) and barium (Ba) based cuprate superconductors have garnered considerable attention in both fundamental research and a wide array of engineering and technological applications. Examining the impact of magnetic Gd3+ ions on the GdBa2Cu3O7-δ (GdBCO) system, this study reveals that the presence of Gd3+ ion has tilted the magnetic hysteresis loop, thereby affecting the critical current density (J c ) at low temperatures. Through comprehensive magnetic and magneto-transport data analyses of the GdBCO sample, we have thoroughly explored the intricate behavior of vortices in response to magnetic fields and temperature variations, providing insight into the governing mechanism of vortex pinning. Remarkably, the absolute zero temperature pinning potential (U 0) experiences a significant reduction from a very high value of 3.18 eV to 0.45 eV with a magnetic field increase to 40 KOe, following a H −0.53 law, indicating 3D plastically crippled vortices in weak pinning sites due to point defects. In various technological domains, particularly those involving high temperatures and strong magnetic fields, understanding and optimizing the pinning force (F p ) and the pinning potential (U) of the vortices are pivotal for enhancing performance and efficiency. Consequently, we have meticulously analyzed the nature of F p and U with the aid of the thermally activated flux flow (TAFF) model. Ultimately, we compiled a comprehensive phase diagram delineating the evolution of various vortex phases.

Exploring ophiolitic deposits offshore Scoglio d’Affrica islet (northern Tyrrhenian Sea): A comprehensive geophysical model of the shallow crustal dynamics

The islet of Scoglio d’Affrica (Tuscany Archipelago, northern Tyrrhenian Sea) is an emerging segment of the Elba-Pianosa Ridge. This ridge is a major tectonic-structural high formed by Eocene-Early Miocene clastic succession which separates the Tuscany shelf from the Corsica basin. The distinctive structural setting of the Scoglio d’Affrica region is a result of crustal fragmentation during the extensional tectonic regime of the northern Tyrrhenian Sea. Along the Elba Pianosa Ridge, a complex interplay between Miocene magmatism, active submarine gas emissions and mud volcanism has been observed. Currently, the Scoglio d’Affrica region experiences active mud volcanism, accompanied by diffuse seafloor gas leakages and sporadic violent mud-water mixed eruptions, as exemplified by the most recent event in 2017.In this study, we present a comprehensive analysis of shipborne magnetic data, swath bathymetry, single and multichannel seismic profiles of Scoglio d’Affrica region focalized to provide a comprehensive geophysical model of shallow crustal dynamics.Forward and inverse magnetic models reveal the presence of a continuous high magnetic susceptibility body running along a NNW-SSE direction, parallel to the main tectonic lineaments. This high magnetic source is interpreted as an ophiolite/high grade serpentinite deposit embedded in Eocene siliciclastic layers resulting from the disrupting of the Corsica Alpine basement. This deposits are related to sedimentary gravity processes originated from peripheral highs and accumulated in intra-wedge basins subsequently deformed during the Oligocene. Our reconstruction provides previously unknown details about geometry and distribution of shallow ophiolite-like deposits thereby improving the comprehension the intricate structural evolution of Elba-Pianosa Ridge featured by a multiphase tectonic deformation and shallow manifestations of fluid/gas circulation.

Pelatihan Pengoperasian Alat Magnetometer untuk Identifikasi Ranjau dengan SATRAN ARMADA II TNI-AL di Selat Madura

Magnetometer Operation Training for Mine Identification with G-882 Magnetometer equipment and the use of the SonarWiz software application in the Madura Strait is a training initiative that aims to increase the knowledge, skills and capabilities of Mine Ship Unit (STRAN) personnel of the TNI-AL ARMADA II in operating the tool. magnetometer to detect and identify mines in the waters of the Madura Strait. In this training, participants will be given an in-depth understanding of the working principle of the magnetometer, correct operating techniques, and magnetic data analysis methods to identify anomalies that indicate the presence of mines. In addition, participants will also be trained in operating the G-882 Magnetometer and using the Sonar Wiz software application, this support system that strengthens mine detection and identification capabilities. The proposed solution is through intensive training which includes theory sessions, field practice, processing of magnetometer data and which bombs can be identified and simulation of real situations for the 0.5-5 (nT) classification including 16m depth bombs and 1-5 (nT) including bombs. with a depth of 30m. Participants will be actively involved in practicing the operation of the magnetometer device, data analysis, and interpretation of results to increase their understanding of the characteristics of mines in the Madura Strait waters. It is hoped that this training will produce positive outcomes, such as increasing the knowledge, skills and confidence of Mine Ship Unit (STRAN) II TNI-AL personnel in operating the magnetometer device for mine identification. In addition, it is hoped that there will also be close cooperation between Mine Ship Unit (STRAN) personnel from the Indonesian Navy and the people of the coastal areas in supporting the task of securing the waters of the Madura Strait.