Functional Group Analysis Research Articles

Karakterisasi Performa Adsorben Cangkang Telur Pada Proses Penyerapan Logam Merkuri (Hg)

Mercury (Hg) is a highly toxic heavy metal with no biological benefits, posing significant environmental and health risks upon exposure. This study investigates the adsorption characteristics of chicken eggshell-derived adsorbents for the removal of Hg from aqueous solutions. The adsorbent preparation involved washing, drying, calcination, and KOH activation. Results indicated that the 170-mesh size adsorbent exhibited the highest adsorption efficiency, achieving a 99.70% removal rate of Hg. adsorption capacity tests revealed values ranging from 79,90 to 88,90 mg/g, conforming to the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) for activated carbon. Functional group analysis using Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) identified a significant increase in aldehyde and ketone groups post-activation. The adsorption process reached equilibrium within 90 minutes, with optimal removal efficiency observed at an initial Hg concentration of 3,0 mg/L. These findings suggest that chicken eggshell-based adsorbents are a cost-effective and efficient solution for mitigating Hg contamination in wastewater, offering a sustainable alternative to conventional methods.

Assessing viability and leachability in fly ash geopolymers incorporated with rubber sludge

This study explores the innovative use of rubber sludge (RS) from glove manufacturing as a partial replacement for fly ash (FA) in geopolymer production. The research investigates the physical properties, functional group analysis, microstructural analysis, phase analysis and compressive strength. The partial replacement of different types of RS, such as activated sludge (AS), pre-leaching sludge (PLS) and coagulant sludge (CS), will affect differently on the geopolymer integrity and performance. CS enriched with high calcium content, facilitated the formation of a denser geopolymer matrix with C(N)-A-S-H gel in conjunction with C-S-H, C-A-S-H and N-A-S-H gels, enhancing the compressive strength of FA/CS geopolymers up to 70.4 MPa, surpassing FA/AS and FA/PLS geopolymers. The fly ash/rubber sludge geopolymers exhibited compressive strengths ranging from 20.5 to 70.4 MPa, not only meeting ASTM standards for construction but also effectively immobilizing hazardous metals, particularly Zn (>98.4 %), the Zn leaching in geopolymers was reduced by more than 87.4 % compared to the rubber sludge itself, thereby mitigating environmental toxicity. This utilization addresses significant industrial waste management issues, providing a cost-effective and environmentally friendly alternative for construction. The findings contribute to advancing sustainable building materials and advocate for equitable utilization of industrial waste resources.

Analysis of Functional Feeding Groups and Community Stability of Benthic Macroinvertebrates in Water System of Muduengsan National Park

Analysis of Functional Feeding Groups and Community Stability of Benthic Macroinvertebrates in Water System of Muduengsan National Park

Visible characteristics and durability assessment of methyl methacrylate-based luminescent road marking using unencapsulated SrAl2O4: Eu2+, Dy3+ under coupling service conditions

Luminescent road markings (LRMs) have attracted growing attention due to the enhanced road visibility in low-light conditions and energy-saving benefits. However, high-performance strontium aluminate phosphors (SrAl2O4: Eu2+, Dy3+) are prone to hydrolyze while the conventional encapsulation methods of phosphors produces luminance loss. This paper presented a novel perspective using methyl methacrylate (MMA)-based two-component resins with unencapsulated phosphor (UP) to prepare LRMs with balanced luminescent properties road durability. Luminescent properties, skid resistance, impact resistance, and abrasion rate were evaluated as the response value to optimize the formulations through design of experimental (DOE) methods. The results show that LRMs exhibit outstanding water resistance and abrasion resistance after soaking for 120 hours coupling with wet-wheel abrasion for 20 minutes due to effective bonding between the carboxylic acid-based resin and phosphors. The luminance loss is less than 5 % after undergoing three-wheel abrasion following 480 hours of ultraviolet aging. Furthermore, the macroscopic performance was integrated with microscopic properties through morphological, elemental, and functional group analysis. The results demonstrated that the addition of plasticizer balanced the relationship among the mechanical properties by transforming the curing structure of the coating from resin-encapsulated granular protrusions into layer-like structures.

Alternative Polysaccharide Wound Dressing from Heat-Moisture Starch/Basil Seed (O. Basilicum L.) Mucilage with Incorporated Glycolic Acid Antimicrobial Agent

In order to improve the behavior in water and the mechanical properties of heat-moisture treated starch, natural basil seed mucilage with high hydrophilicity and crystallinity was incorporated for wound dressing application. In addition, succinic acid cross-linking was used to enhance the durability of the material in water and glycolic acid was utilized as an antimicrobial agent. The effectiveness of the cross-linking process could be observed from the significant increase in dimensional stability from higher gel fraction value and increment of mechanical properties. Furthermore, the incorporation of glycolic acid into the wound dressing films demonstrated antibacterial efficacy, resulting in 100% bacterial reduction against S. aureus and E. coli strains. These films exhibited low cytotoxicity toward human epidermal keratinocytes (HaCaT) cells, indicating their potential for biomedical applications. Moreover, functional group analysis, crystallinity, morphology, thermal properties, gel fraction, water vapor transmission rate, free swell absorption, and mechanical properties were also examined.

Amino Acids Isolation from α-keratin of Javanese Goat (Capra hircus) Hair and Garut Sheep (Ovis aries) Hair Waste Using Acid Hydrolysis Method as BCAA Supplement

Javanese goat and Garut sheep hair contain α-keratin, a protein that can be broken by hydrolysis to produce simpler amino acids. Feather waste generates millions of tons of α-keratin biomass originating from animal slaughterhouses, thereby raising health concerns. The utilization of acid hydrolysis is considered to be more cost-effective compared to enzymatic hydrolysis, and it provides a broader range of amino acid cleavage sites compared to enzymes, which exhibit specific cleavage. This study aimed to isolate amino acids from Javanese goat and Garut sheep hair through acid hydrolysis. The methods included hair sample preparation, acid hydrolysis used 6 M HCL at 110°C, reflux isolation, amino acid separation based on isoelectric pH 4.9 –5.4, functional groups analysis using FTIR, and analysis of amino acid content by HPLC methods. The results showed that the yield produced after isolation on Javanese goat hair samples was 0.92% and Garut sheep hair 0.32%, respectively. The FTIR spectrum showed amino acid functional groups in both samples, including carboxyl (COOH), amine (C-N primer), (C-S disulfide), and amide I (-CONH2). Successful breakdown of α-keratin proteins into simpler amino acids was achieved for Javanese goat and Garut sheep hair. Amino acid analysis of Javanese goat hair isolates revealed the presence of aspartic acid, threonine, serine, glutamate, proline, glycine, alanine, valine, methionine, isoleucine, leucine, tyrosine, phenylalanine, histidine, lysine, and arginine amino acids, respectively. The highest content was isoleucine at 0.60% w/w. In conclusion, the isolated amino acids from Javanese goat hair can be used as a halal supplement that serves as nutrition in the body.

Effect of different exfoliation routes on the properties of chicken feather and elephant grass hybrid biochar

AbstractLiquid‐phase exfoliation, a technique for enhancing the properties of biochar, has been recognized as effective, circumventing the limitations of other methods such as high expenses, scalability, and complexity. This study explored the synergistic effect achieved by combining chicken feathers with elephant grass to create a composite feedstock for biochar production. The biochar was subjected to liquid‐phase exfoliation using acid and acetone. Elemental analysis indicated that the co‐carbonization of the combined biomass produced an enriched hybrid biochar. The oxygen content in both exfoliation routes (acid and acetone) increased, with an increase and decrease in carbon content in acetone and acid exfoliation, respectively. Textural analysis revealed significant enhancement, with surface areas of the acid‐exfoliated biochar more than twice the size of the hybrid biochar. The pore volume of both exfoliated samples was double that of the hybrid biochar. Microscopic surface examination revealed rougher, porous structures in the exfoliated biochars in comparison with the smooth, cohesive surface in hybrid biochar. Functional group analysis showed the presence of aromatic rings, a carbocyclic group, and an alkene, suggesting potential applications in adsorption. This study provides an efficient method for using liquid‐phase exfoliation to enhance biochar properties, benefiting industries reliant on biochar production and biomass utilization by improving product quality, sustainability, and environmental impact.

FABRICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF POLYETHERSULFONE (PES) MEMBRANES BY BLENDING POLYMERS FOR REMOVAL OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS IN AIR

The PES membrane was modified using a polymer blending method to improve the performance and characteristics of the membrane. This research aims to see the effect of adding biosilica additives on the performance characteristics of PES membranes and determine the optimal composition of additives and solvents for making membranes. The membrane was made using the Non-solvent Induced Phase Separation (NIPS) method with a composition consisting of 18% PES, with the addition of varying concentrations of silica (1%, 2%, 3%, and 4%) and the membrane using the solvent N-Methyl- 2 Pyrrolidone (NMP) and Dimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO). Membrane characterization was carried out by observing membrane morphology using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), membrane surface functional group analysis test using Fourier Tranform Infrared (FTIR), membrane porosity test using the dry-wet weight procedure method, the highest porosity value was found on membrane B2 using a solvent DMSO with 2% silica is 16.88%. Membrane performance was carried out by pure water flux testing, the highest pure water flux value was found in membrane B2 with 2% silica, namely 64.14 L/m2.h. The antifouling test uses flux ratio recovery, the highest antifouling value is found on the A3 membrane with 3% silica, namely 91.3%. As well as rejection of the humic acid solution as a Natural Organic Matter (NOM) sample model using the ultrafiltration (UF) module with a dead end filtration flow system, the highest rejection value was found on the B2 membrane with 2% silica, namely 64.4%.

Optimization of natural dye extraction from the root of Rumex abyssinicus plant using response surface methodology

In this study, Rumex abyssinicus (R. abyssinicus) roots were used for dye extraction via Soxhlet extraction. The effects of particle size, solid-to-liquid ratio and extraction time on dye yield were examined. The optimization of dye extraction wascarried out using response surface methodology coupled with the Box–Behnken approach. A maximum dye yield of 53 % was attained at an optimumparticle size of 0.355 mm, a solid-to-liquid ratio of 0.075 g/mL and an extraction time of 5 h. Functional group analysis using FTIR and a UV–vis spectrophotometer was performed to determine the characteristics of the extracted dye. The FTIR analysis results showed the presence of various functional groups in the extracted dye. Additionally, UV–vis spectrophotometer confirmed that the maximum absorbance peakwas detected at 281 nm, with an absorbance of 0.908. Overall, the results show that R. abyssinicus root is a potential source ofdye that has applications in various industries.

Characterization of natural cellulosic fiber extracted from Grewia ferruginea plant stem

The use of natural fibers as reinforcement in polymer composites has gained significant attention due to their eco-friendly, and biodegradability. This study aims to extract and characterize the natural cellulosic fibers from the Grewia ferruginea stem. The fibers were extracted from plant stems using sodium hydroxide and analyzed using Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) to determine chemical bonds on the fiber and functional group and Thermos-gravimetric analysis (TGA) was used to determine the thermal stability and degradation temperature of the fiber. The crystalline properties of extracted fibers were characterized by x-ray diffraction and surface morphology was characterized by Scanning electron microscopy. The chemical composition of the fibers, including cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, moisture, extractive content, and fiber linear density, was evaluated. Tensile, thermal, and FTIR studies were conducted to assess the performance properties of the extracted fiber. The analysis revealed that the Grewia ferruginea fibers contain cellulose (60.4–72.6 wt%), hemicellulose (18.5 ± 3.1 %), and lignin (13.55 ± 2.75 %). The extracted fibers have a crystallinity index of 48.76 % and crystallite size of 5.14 nm. The fiber exhibited tenacity, breaking elongation, and Young's modulus values of (52.3 ± 6.5 cN/tex), (3.6 ± 1.8 %), and 43.5 ± 2.3 GPa, respectively. FTIR studies confirmed the presence of biopolymers in the Grewia ferruginea fiber. Additionally, the fibers demonstrated thermal stability up to 275 °C based on thermogravimetric analysis. These findings suggest that the extracted natural cellulosic Grewia ferruginea fiber has the potential to be used as a sustainable reinforcement material in polymeric composites.

Enhanced Conductive and Optical Properties of TiO2/PANI Composites Synthesized by in-situ Chemical Oxidation Polymerization Route

Abstract Polyaniline titania composites have been investigated due to their unique chemical and physical properties. This study synthesized several PANI/TiO2 composites with different mol% of PANI using in-situ oxidative polymerization methods. TiO2 was obtained by coprecipitation methods. The functional group analysis carried out using Fourier transform Infrared reflectance, it was found that PAni/TiO2 had been successfully created, which was indicated by the absence of new peaks. Based on the results of measuring absorbance in the Ultraviolet-Visible wavelength, it was found that the composite material made had a wider absorption range compared to its constituents. The electrical conductivity of composites was shown to have a higher value than TiO2. From these results, it was found that the PANI/TiO2 composite material has greater photoactivity than TiO2.

Sustainable approach to reduce Lead(II) from wastewater using indigenous bacterial strains

The study explores the potential of three indigenous bacterial strains for Lead(II) removal individually from synthetic wastewater. The isolated strains Bacillus subtilis NITSP1 and, Rhizobium pusense NITSP2, were observed to grow till 1000 mg/L of Pb(II) in 24 h at 35±2°C at neutral pH, while the strain Pseudomonas aeruginosa NITSP3 was restricted to grow beyond 700 mg/L under same conditions. The effectiveness of Pb(II) removal by bacteria was assessed by varying several operating factors, using One-factor-at-a-time analysis. Elemental composition and functional group analyses of the native and metal-loaded cells were done using Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, respectively. A semiempirical logistic model was used to predict the growth of bacterial strains in wastewater. Again, a hybrid approach consisting of Artificial Neural Network, Artificial Intelligence model fitting method, and Steepest Ascent algorithm, was used to model and optimize the removal of metals. The experimental results were validated with predicted ones.

Synthesis of microalgae-based methyl ester using calcium glyceroxide catalyst derived from duck eggshells and crude glycerol in the n-hexane co-solvent system

Abstract The synthesis of microalgae-based methyl ester has attracted the interest of researchers since microalgae have a high lipid content and can proliferate. Chlorella vulgaris, with its 63% lipid content on a dry basis, holds promise for methyl ester production. Heterogeneous catalysts, particularly calcium glyceroxide (Ca[O(OH)2C3H5]), play a crucial role in ester manufacturing due to their high catalytic activity. The synthesis of the calcium glyceroxide catalyst involves duck eggshells as a calcium source and crude glycerol. Optimal methyl ester production is achieved by employing n-hexane as a co-solvent for efficient microalgae oil dissolution. This research focuses on synthesizing and characterizing the calcium glyceroxide catalyst derived from duck eggshells and crude glycerol, emphasizing its application in manufacturing microalgae-based methyl esters with n-hexane as the co-solvent. Methyl ester synthesis variables include a 55°C reaction temperature, a 1.5% microalgae-derived catalyst, and a 9:1 methanol to microalgae ratio. FTIR functional group analysis identifies hydroxyl (O-H) groups from crude glycerol bound to calcium at 3345.71 cm−1, along with C-H group vibrations from crude glycerol bound to calcium at 2941.80 cm−1. SEM morphological analysis reveals aggregate formation on the calcium glyceroxide catalyst, indicating potential active sites. Utilizing the calcium glyceroxide catalyst for methyl ester synthesis yields a promising 62.42% yield. GC characterization demonstrates a methyl ester purity of 72.09%, with methyl palmitate as the predominant component at 30.927%. This study underscores the efficient use of the synthesized calcium glyceroxide catalyst for microalgae-based methyl ester production, showcasing its potential for sustainable biodiesel synthesis.

Thiol functionalized porous carbon nanospheres: Synthesis, characterization, experimental and DFT studies

Thiol-modified nanoporous structured frameworks prove to be efficient trapping agents for eliminating mercury (Hg(II)) ions from water. In this work, we synthesized porous carbon nanospheres and chemically functionalized them with l-cysteine molecules following a Fischer esterification reaction and investigate them for selective Hg(II) separation. The material was characterized for functional group analysis, surface morphology and water contact angle measurement by using several spectroscopic and optical techniques likely FT-IR, XPS, SEM, TEM and goniometer analyzer. The column packed material shows selective extraction of trace Hg(II) ions at wide pH range. The selectivity of Hg(II) is primarily attributed to Lewis soft–soft acid–base chelation, wherein Hg(II) forms complexes with the thiol functionalities of the adsorbent. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations suggest that the fast energetically favorable R–SH–Hg–OR complex formed over R–S–Hg–NH–R bidentate complexes, thereby promoting selective extraction of Hg(II). The preconcentration limit for Hg(II) achieved at pH 6 was found to be 0.37 ppb. The instrumental detection limit (3 s/m) obtained after preconcentration of 11 blank runs is found to be 0.04 ppb with the relative standard deviation of 3.68 %. The accuracy of the proposed column method was validated by analyzing several real samples with enrichment factor of 100 and after spiking with varying amount of analyte. The method shows a good recovery of 97–100 % of spiked amount with RSD <5 %.

Effects of polypropylene films and leached dissolved organic matters on bacterial community structure in mangrove sediments

Over the past decades, the accumulation of plastics in mangrove ecosystems has emerged as a significant environmental concern, primarily due to anthropogenic activities. Polypropylene (PP) films, one of the plastic types with the highest detection rate, tend to undergo intricate aging processes in mangrove ecosystems, leading to the release of dissolved organic matter (DOM) that may further influence the local bacterial communities. Yet, the specific effects of new and weathered (aged) plastic films and the associated leached DOM on bacterial consortia in mangrove sediments remain poorly understood. In this study, an incubation experiment was conducted to elucidate the immediate effects and mechanisms of the new and relatively short-term (45 or 90 days) aged PP films, as well as their leached DOM (PDOM), on characteristics of DOM and the bacterial community structure in mangrove sediments under different tidal conditions. Surface morphology and functional group analyses showed that both new and aged PP films exhibited comparable degradation profiles under different tidal conditions over the incubation period. As compared to the new PP film treatments, the introduction of the short-term aged PP films significantly affected the content of humic-like compounds in sediments, and such effects were partially ascribed to the release of PDOM during the incubation. Although the addition of PP films and PDOM showed minor effects on the overall diversity and composition of bacterial communities in the sediments, the abundance of some dominant phyla exhibited a growth or reduction tendency, possibly changing their ecological functions. This study was an effective attempt to investigate the relationship among plastic surface characteristics, sedimentary physicochemical properties, and bacterial communities in mangrove sediments. It revealed the ecological ramifications of new and short-term plastic pollution and its leachates in mangrove seedtimes, enhancing our understating of their potential impacts on the health of mangrove ecosystems.

Insights into the effect of nitrate photolysis on short-chain fatty acids production from waste activated sludge in anaerobic fermentation system: Performance and mechanisms

Nitrate photolysis has become an efficient, low-cost and promising technology for emerging contaminants removal, while its performance and mechanism for waste activated sludge (WAS) treatment is still unknown. This study innovatively introduced nitrate photolysis for WAS disintegration, and investigated the effect of nitrate addition (150–375 mg N/L) for short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production during anaerobic fermentation (AF). The results showed that nitrate photolysis significantly promoted the SCFAs production from WAS, and peaked at 280.7 mg/g VSS with 7-d fermentation with 150 mg N/L addition (150N-UV), which increased by 8.8–35.0 % and 10.7–23.3 % compared with other photolysis groups and sole nitrate groups. Effective release of the soluble organics was observed in the nitrate photolysis groups during AF, especially soluble proteins, reaching 1505.4 mg COD/L at 9 d in 150N-UV group, promoted by 7.0∼15.7 % than nitrate/nitrate photolysis groups. The model compounds simulation experiment further demonstrated the positive effect of nitrate photolysis on organics hydrolysis and SCFAs accumulation. The result of the radical capture and quenching verified the reactive oxygen species contributed more compared with reactive nitrogen species. Functional group analysis confirmed the effective bioconversion of the macromolecular organics during the fermentation. Moreover, the nitrate photolysis enhanced the enrichment of the functional consortia, including anaerobic fermentation bacteria (AFB), e.g., Fnoticella, Romboutsia, Gracilibacter and Sedimentibacter, and nitrate reducing bacteria (NRB), e.g., Acinerobacter and Ahniella. The macrogenetic analysis further revealed that glycolysis, amino acid metabolism, acetate metabolism and nitrogen metabolism were the dominating metabolic pathways during fermentation, and the abundance of the relevant genes were enhanced in 150N-UV group.

Anthocyanins of Delonix Regia Floral Petals: A Novel Approach on Fluorescence Enhancement, Forster Resonance Energy Transfer Mechanism and Photostability Studies for Optoelectronic Applications.

In this work, we focused on extracting the anthocyanin dye in acetone, butanol, ethanol, and water solvents from Delonix regia flowers by a simple maceration extraction process. The identification of functional group analysis, vibrational studies, energy transfer mechanisms, optoelectronic properties, photostability studies, FRET-assisted potential light emissions and photometric properties of the anthocyanin dyes are successively investigated. FTIR spectroscopy and vibrational studies have confirmed the existence of polyphenolic groups in 2-phenyl chromenylium (anthocyanin) dyes. The optoelectronic results show the least direct bandgap (2.04eV), indirect bandgap (1.55eV), Urbach energy (0.380eV), high refractive index (1.20), dielectric constant (2.794), and high optical conductivity (1.954 × 103 S/m) for the anthocyanin dye extracted found in water solvent. The photoluminescence properties such as Stoke's shift, high quantum yield, and lifetime results show that anthocyanin dyes are promising candidates for red-LEDs and optical materials. The absorption and emission spectra of the anthocyanin dyes follow the mirror image rule and the Franck-Condon factor exists between vibrational energy levels corresponding to all the electronic transitions. The excellent correspondence between the absorption and emission spectra reinforces that the anthocyanins are efficient (46%) FRET probes. Further, photometric properties such as CIE, CRI, CCT and colour purity results of anthocyanins in all studied solvents revealed that this material exhibits orange to red shades (x = 0.48 → 0.54 and y = 0.36 →0.45) and is well suitable for have great potential in the manufacturing of Organic-LEDs and other optoelectronic device applications.

Effect of Dicarboxylic Acid Chain Length on the Tribological Properties of Aqueous Polyether Esters

ABSTRACTThis article presents the preparation of environmentally friendly water‐soluble lubricant additives. Adipic acid (AA), sebacic acid (SA) and dodecanedioic acid (DA) were individually subjected to esterification reactions with polyethylene glycol 1500 (PEG1500) to prepare a class of water‐soluble polyether esters (AAPEE1500, SAPEE1500 and DAPEE1500) (referred to as XAPEE1500s) that exhibit excellent water solubility and do not contain environmentally harmful elements. First, the molecular structure characterisation and functional group analysis of these additives will be conducted using an infrared spectrometer and a nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer. Subsequently, the frictional properties of the additives in the base liquid (deionised water) will be investigated using an SRV‐V tribometer, Falex pin‐on‐disc tribometer and screw torque tester. The surface morphology of wear scars will be characterised and analysed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and a non‐contact 3D profilometer. Finally, the lubrication mechanism of the DAPEE1500 additive will be analysed using X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results indicate that the optimal lubrication performance is achieved when the added mass fraction of DAPEE1500 is at 3%. Compared with 0.5 wt% DAPEE1500, the average friction coefficient of 3 wt% DAPEE1500 decreased from 0.285 to 0.122, and the wear volume decreased from 25.52 × 10−5 μm3 to 10.96 × 10−5 μm3. The lubrication mechanism of polyether ester is the result of the combined action of its polar ester functional groups and long carboxylic acid chains in the structure. These polar functional groups can form a relatively firm adsorption film on the friction surface, while the long carboxylic acid chains act as a brush‐like isolating layer, thus demonstrating superior anti‐wear and anti‐friction performance.

Protein Functional Groups Analysis of Smoked Vaname Shrimp (Litopenaeus Vannamei) with Various Cooking Methods

Protein Functional Groups Analysis of Smoked Vaname Shrimp (Litopenaeus Vannamei) with Various Cooking Methods

Nanoparticles (MgO) utilising Justicia adhatoda and an evaluation of their antimicrobial properties

Researchers are using safer green synthesis methods to make nanoparticles. Industry uses green synthetic methods more than physicochemical methods. Green MgO nanoparticle production is environmentally friendly, non-toxic, stable, and offers many nanoscale production options. Green synthesis methods can produce large amounts of nanoparticles, but there are still challenges. The biological extracts during synthesis prevent reaction mechanisms from being understood. Justicia adhatoda plant leaves were employed as a natural ligation agent to generate magnesium oxide nanoparticles. The functional group analysis was done with Fourier Transform Infra-Red spectroscopy. The green synthesized magnesium oxide NPs were crystalline and spherical, as shown by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. Analytical investigations determined that particles are 22.96 nm in size. The antimicrobial studies were carried for the Justicia adhatoda MgO nanoparticles against few gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and fungi. The binding effect was greater at higher concentrations than the control Gentamicin.