Analysis Of Electric Energy Consumption Research Articles

ОБОСНОВАНИЕ ЭНЕРГОСБЕРЕГАЮЩЕЙ ФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНОЙ СХЕМЫ АККУМУЛЯЦИОННОЙ УСТАНОВКИ ДЛЯ НАГРЕВА ВОДЫ НА ФЕРМАХ КРС

Analysis of electric energy consumption on cattle farms has shown that hot water supply is one of the energy-intensive technological processes on such farms. In order to save energy resources when heating water, a functional scheme of an accumulator installation has been developed that allows heating water for watering cows and providing technological needs. The standard water temperature for drinking is 12-15 degrees Celsius, for technological needs - 55-65 degrees Celsius. (Research purpose) The research purpose is substantiating and developing a functional scheme of an energy-saving installation for heating water using solar radiation for technological needs and thermal energy of ventilation air removed from the premises for watering cows on cattle farms. (Materials and methods) Applied patent search on the websites of Rospatent and Yandex.Patents. The analysis of analytical calculation dependencies was performed to determine the main technical characteristics of water heating installations for animal watering and technological purposes. (Results and discussion) A functional scheme of the hot water supply installation was proposed, including a water heater for technological needs using solar radiation energy and a water heater for animal watering using a thermoelectric heat pump and the heat of the ventilation air removed from the farm premises. (Conclusions) Developed a functional scheme of an accumulative water heating unit for watering cows and technological needs on cattle farms. It has been shown that the proposed scheme allows using the heat of the air removed from the premises and the renewable heat of solar radiation as alternative sources to traditional methods of heating water. The possibility of using low-potential thermal energy of the removed ventilation air for hot water supply of the animal watering system using a thermoelectric heat pump and heat pipes, as well as a solar collector for heating water for the technological needs of the farm, was investigated.

Analysis of Electrical Energy Consumption in Office Buildings of the Institute Technology of Sumatra in Energy Conservation and Efficiency Efforts

Electrical energy is one of the basic human needs in carrying out various activities or daily activities, especially in office buildings such as office buildings of state higher education institutions, namely the Sumatra Institute of Technology (ITERA). Office buildings are the third highest consumer of electrical energy after shopping centers and hotels. The high demand for electrical energy requires the user sector to make efficiency in energy use. Before making efficiency, it is necessary to know the profile of electrical energy consumption including energy consumption intensity (ECI) and significant energy users. Therefore, in this study, an analysis of electrical energy consumption in each ITERA office building was carried out, through observation and interviews according to SNI / ISO 50002: 2018 energy audit procedures. The results obtained show that the total energy use of the 6 largest buildings (A, B, C, D, E, and F) in May 2023 is 144768 kWh and from the calculation of the ECI value is in the very efficient category (7.44 kWh/m2/month). From 6 existing buildings, there are 3 buildings that are very efficient, 1 building is efficient, and 2 buildings are quite efficient. Then, significant energy users were found by 83% in building C AC. Recommendations for saving energy in the effort of energy conservation and efficiency that can be done include, making changes in habits / patterns of use of electrical energy user equipment, especially in air conditioners and dispensers, so as to save electricity 2-21%, and retrofitting refrigerant AC types of split ducts and cassettes that still use R-22 with MC-22 which can save electricity 15-25%.

Analysis of Electrical Energy Consumption in a Novel Direct Current Submerged Arc Furnace for Ferrochrome Production

Analysis of Electrical Energy Consumption in a Novel Direct Current Submerged Arc Furnace for Ferrochrome Production

An Unmanned Helicopter Energy Consumption Analysis

The number of operations incorporating E-VTOL aircrafts is increasing each year, and the optimization of the energy consumption of such vehicles is a major problem. In this paper, a small-scale ARCHER helicopter’s energy consumption is analyzed, wherein different flight conditions, main rotor revolutions, and flight control system settings are considered. The helicopter dynamic model was developed in the FLIGHTLAB environment and was then validated based on flight test data. The model used for the calculation of energy consumption was developed using the electric and dynamic characteristics of the main rotor, electric motor, and transmission system. The main part of this work concerns the analysis of electric energy consumption during the vehicle’s flight via the use of an automatic flight control system (AFCS) that ensures repeatable flight conditions. The AFCS was designed such that it includes both path and attitude control to provide hover and cruise control modes. The helicopter’s energy consumption was analyzed during different phases of flight, when executing maneuvers, and using different main rotor angular velocities to perform - a given task. The results show that the level of energy consumption significantly depends on the helicopter’s main rotor revolutions, flight speed, and the maneuvers performed. The proposed methodology can be used in prospective energy-efficient mission planning and UAV helicopter design.

Sensitivity Analysis of Electric Energy Consumption in Battery Electric Vehicles with Different Electric Motors

In the last decade, a number of research works in electrified vehicles have been devoted to the analysis of the electric consumption of battery electric vehicles and the evaluation of the main influencing factors. The literature analysis reveals that the electric motor size, efficiency, and driving condition substantially affect the electric energy stored in the vehicle battery. This paper studies the degree of sensitivity of energy consumption to electric motor size and to its efficiency map characteristics. In order to accomplish this task, three electric motors whose parameters are re-scaled to fit the maximum power torque and speed with different efficiency maps are simulated by installing them on two commercially available battery electric vehicles. This allows for isolating the influence of the efficiency map on electricity consumption. The original characteristics of the motors are then used to evaluate the influence on the electricity consumption of both the size and the efficiency characteristics. The results of the simulation revealed that the influences of the efficiency map and the electric motor size can be around 8–10% and 2–11%, respectively. When both factors are taken into account, the overall difference in electricity consumption can be around 10–21%.

Improvement of the electric energy quality in underground electric networks in highly productive coal mines

One of the main factors for the effective functioning of the power supply system in highly productive coal mines is the uninterrupted power supply of underground consumers for the entire process cycle at sufficient amount of electric energy at a high level of quality and performance. The analysis of electric energy consumption in highly productive coal mine has shown that about 57 % of electric energy consumers are located in underground workings. Consumers can be divided into the following areas of basic technological process of coal production: production areas (13 %); conveyor transport areas (13 %); preparation areas (8 %), and areas of auxiliary processes of coal production: mine drainage (23 %). The increase in the share of controlled-velocity electric drives in the total power balance of fully-mechanized longwalls leads to factors previously atypical of underground power networks. Such factors include changes to the harmonic composition of the network, arising higher current and voltage harmonics, affecting the supplying network and causing heating of electrical equipment, power and electric energy losses. Therefore, the most pressing issues are to improve electric energy quality in underground electric networks of highly productive coal mines. The study has developed a technique for experimental investigations of quality indicators of electric energy (presented in the form of algorithm) in respect to specific conditions of highly productive coal mines. These include dangerous facilities in terms of sudden gas/dust outbursts. This technique was tested at a number of coal mines of JSC SUEK-Kuzbass. The study also presents the results of experimental investigations to determine the actual level of total harmonic distortion (factor) in underground electric networks of fully-mechanized longwalls of coal mines. Of greater importance is justification of higher harmonic filter parameters. To this end a calculation algorithm based on the developed technique has been proposed. Research has shown that application of forward and inverse Clarke transformations for calculating the harmonic filter parameters is applicable for all voltage levels. The simulation model of power supply system of a coal mine fully-mechanized longwall allows conditions of higher harmonics damping to be studied by means of a device for improvement of electric energy quality. Applying the proposed technical solutions to improve the quality of electric energy based on the simulation modeling allowed the successful damping of higher harmonics to be achieved. For example, the total harmonic components voltage (THD (U)) was reduced from 9.07 to 1.77 %.

Novel compact ion exchange membranes through suppressing reverse permeation for high-efficiency recovery of inorganic acids

Drived by high concentration difference between the dilute chamber and the concentrated chamber, the reverse permeation of acid ions and water seriously weakens the concentration effect of the targeted acids separated from acidic effluents through the electrodialysis process. Based on rational structure optimization of ion exchange membranes, we propose the TWEDMS membrane modules consisting of the compact ion exchange membranes, compared with the TWEDM membrane modules consisting of the loose ion exchange membranes for the recovery of HCl, HNO3, H2SO4 and H3PO4. Due to suppressing the reverse permeation of acid ions and water from the compact membrane structure, the TWEDMS membrane modules can provide higher concentration differences and current efficiencies for the recovery of HCl (2.177 mol L-1 and 39.07%), HNO3 (1.928 mol L-1 and 19.68%) and H2SO4 (1.532 mol L-1 and 40.60%) at 180, 160 and 220 min respectively, reflecting superior separation effects of inorganic acids from acidic effluents. Among the recovery of these inorganic acids by the TWEDMS membrane modules, the recovery of HCl shows the largest concentration difference (2.032 mol L-1) at 160 min in the electrodialysis process, while the recovery of H3PO4 provides the highest current efficiency (48.67%). According to the analysis of electrical energy consumption, the membrane resistance and water permeability coefficient can play an important role in the reduction of electrical energy consumption (for example, from 17.53% of TWEDMS to 15.08% of TWEDM for HCl at 180 min) for the recovery of inorganic acids from acidic effluents.

Time series analysis of electric energy consumption using autoregressive integrated moving average model and Holt Winters model

With the increasing demand of energy, the energy production is not that much sufficient and that’s why it has become an important issue to make accurate prediction of energy consumption for efficient management of energy. Hence appropriate demand side forecasting has a great economical worth. Objective of our paper is to render representations of a suitable time series forecasting model using autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) and Holt Winters model for the energy consumption of Ohio/Kentucky and also predict the accuracy considering different periods (daily, weekly, monthly). We apply these two models and observe that Holt Winters model outperforms ARIMA model in each (daily, weekly and monthly observations) of the cases. We also make a comparison among few other existing analyses of time series forecasting and find out that the mean absolute percentage error (MASE) of Holt Winters model is least considering the monthly data.

An Investigation on Provincial Production & Consumption of Electric Energy: A Case Analysis for Ankara

Energy is one of the most important factors affecting the country's economy in developing countries. Factors such as interdependent relations, external dependence in primary energy sources such as natural gas and oil, international treaties to reduce carbon emissions, and the amount and availability of domestic conventional resources lead countries to renewable energy sources. In this study, the production sources and sectoral consumption places of the electric energy in Ankara in 2019 were examined. In addition, the share of renewable energy sources in production has been investigated. Economic and environmental analysis of electric energy consumption has been made. As a result, it was determined that 9.55 TWh of electricity was produced in 2019, and this value meets 68% of the 14 TWh consumption value.

Specific Energy Consumption of a Belt Conveyor System in a Continuous Surface Mine

Belt conveyor (BC) transportation systems are considered to be the most effective for handling large volumes of bulk material. With regards to the rules of sustainable development, the improvement of belt conveyor technology is, in many cases, focused on environmental issues, which include the idea of energy usage optimization. The key issue in an energy-efficient transportation system is reducing the value of specific energy consumption (SEC) by increasing conveyor capacity whilst decreasing belt conveyor motion resistance. The main idea of this paper is to conduct an analysis of the modernization of existing belt conveyor transportation systems operated in open-pit lignite mines, in order to achieve relatively small electric energy consumption for a considered transportation task. The first part of the paper investigates the relationship between a conveyor’s SEC and material flow rate for various conveyor design parameters. Then, based on multi-parameter simulations, an analysis of electric energy consumption for a belt conveyor transportation system is carried out. Finally, an energy-saving, environmentally friendly solution is presented.

Analysis of electrical energy consumption on the example of a selected building

In Poland, approx. 95% of electrical energy is generated in a coal combustion process. Saving electrical energy gives economic effects related to the smaller fees and contributes to protection of the natural environment. Additionally, saving electrical energy should translate into our health, lesser degradation of the natural environment, or less consumption of natural deposits of energy. The paper has presented the issues related to analysis of energy consumption in a selected building object. The analyse includes the following issues − document analysis related to the building’s power, energy distribution, and power consumption of individual load and time regimes of work of receivers in the object and analysis of electrical energy which has been measured in a building. Keywords: electricity quality parameters measurement, higher harmonics of current/voltage.

Measurement system and dataset for in-depth analysis of appliance energy consumption in industrial environment

Abstract To support a rational and efficient use of electrical energy in residential and industrial environments, Non-Intrusive Load Monitoring (NILM) provides several techniques to identify state and power consumption profiles of connected appliances. Design requirements for such systems include a low hardware and installations costs for residential, reliability and high-availability for industrial purposes, while keeping invasive interventions into the electrical infrastructure to a minimum. This work introduces a reference hardware setup that allows an in depth analysis of electrical energy consumption in industrial environments. To identify appliances and their consumption profile, appropriate identification algorithms are developed by the NILM community. To enable an evaluation of these algorithms on industrial appliances, we introduce the Laboratory-measured IndustriaL Appliance Characteristics (LILAC) dataset: 1302 measurements from one, two, and three concurrently running appliances of 15 appliance types, measured with the introduced testbed. To allow in-depth appliance consumption analysis, measurements were carried out with a sampling rate of 50 kHz and 16-bit amplitude resolution for voltage and current signals. We show in experiments that signal signatures, contained in the measurement data, allows one to distinguish the single measured electrical appliances with a baseline machine learning approach of nearly 100 % accuracy.

The Analysis of Electrical Energy Consumption of the Impact Screwdriver During Assembly of Fixed Threaded Joints

Abstract The paper deals with the possibilities of reducing the consumption of electrical energy of the impact screwdriver during the assembly of fixed threaded joints. The recommendations related to a decrease in electrical energy consumption would allow reducing product costs but so far there have been no such recommendations from the producers of the tool as to the effective operating regimes of the impact screwdrivers in relation to electrical energy consumption and necessary tightening moment of the nut. The aim of the study is to find out the economical operating mode of the electrical impact screwdriver when assembling fixed threaded joints. By varying the set speed of the rotor head and working time of the impact mechanism, there is an opportunity to determine electrical energy consumption of the tool for the given tightening moment. The results of the experiment show that at the same tightening moment obtained the electrical energy consumption of the impact screwdriver is less at a higher starting set speed of the rotor head but shorter operating time of the impact mechanism than at a lower speed of the rotor head and longer operating time of the impact mechanism.

A modified analysis of electrical energy consumption in University buildings

To analyze the concept of charge for electricity consumption, it is important to consider the type of billing-rate. Therefore, in this study a change of model analysis for the implementation of the use and consumption of electricity in university buildings is proposed. The approach that is made, is based on recent changes in the cost of energy in relation to the tariff that most university buildings have. Based on the physical conditions, equipment and number of users, in combination with rate type of the university buildings, indicators of consumption and use of electric power are proposed. In the same way, an analysis of the variability of the cost and use of electrical energy that allows identify a change in the actions that traditionally were being made to reduce the costs of billing is made.

Комп’ютерно-орієнтована математична модель оцінки ефективності тарифної системи оплати за спожиту електроенергію залізницею

Market conditions and, in particular, the possibility of paying electricity for the various tariffs allow railroad as a large consumer significantly save costs by using the optimal tariff system for each railroad’s electrified areas. The research of issue tariff assessment in the current circumstances, with no capacity changes, which will apply more advantageous tariff system without additional material expenses, is devoted. The mathematical model of assess use’s effectiveness of the differentiated tariffs electricity payment is developed. The analysis of electric energy consumption for railway traction needs is performed and, for example, the use of a mathematical model at specific conditions is shown. The analysis of electric energy consumption by electrified railway area has found, that using of differentiated three-zone tariff is not advantageous for all cases without changing schedule of the trains traffic. Using of developed mathematical model to determine the effectiveness of application differentiated tariffs electricity payment is suggested.

Analysis of electric energy consumption of automatic milking systems in different configurations and operative conditions

Automatic milking systems (AMS) have been a revolutionary innovation in dairy cow farming. Currently, more than 10,000 dairy cow farms worldwide use AMS to milk their cows. Electric consumption is one of the most relevant and uncontrollable operational cost of AMS, ranging between 35 and 40% of their total annual operational costs. The aim of the present study was to measure and analyze the electric energy consumption of 4 AMS with different configurations: single box, central unit featuring a central vacuum system for 1 cow unit and for 2 cow units. The electrical consumption (daily consumption, daily consumption per cow milked, consumption per milking, and consumption per 100L of milk) of each AMS (milking unit + air compressor) was measured using 2 energy analyzers. The measurement period lasted 24h with a sampling frequency of 0.2Hz. The daily total energy consumption (milking unit + air compressor) ranged between 45.4 and 81.3 kWh; the consumption per cow milked ranged between 0.59 and 0.99 kWh; the consumption per milking ranged between 0.21 and 0.33 kWh; and the consumption per 100L of milk ranged between 1.80 to 2.44 kWh according to the different configurations and operational contexts considered. Results showed that AMS electric consumption was mainly conditioned by farm management rather than machine characteristics/architectures.

ANALYSIS OF ENERGY CONSUMPTION IN THE FACILITIES OF THE CIECHANÓW DAIRY COOPERATIVE

The work presents the analysis of electric energy consumption in individual buildings of the Ciechanow Dairy Cooperative in 2011. The plant includes a cool storage facility, a boiler house, a compression room and CIP (Cleaning In Place) stations. The plant manufactures liquid milk, cream, cheese, cottage cheese, cream cheese, butter and yoghurts. In 2011, the total electric energy consumption in the Cechanow Dairy Cooperative was 873 114.0 kWh. The highest energy consumption (556 430.0 kWh0 was recorded for the cooler (63.7% of total consumption) and the lowest for CIP stations (33 084.0 kWh). The average electric energy consumption in the Cooperative plant was 72 759.5 kWh, the highest (104 800.6 kWh) in November and the lowest (40 000.6 kWh) in March.

A comprehensive analysis of electric energy consumption of single point incremental forming processes

Abstract Production processes, as used for discrete part manufacturing, are responsible for a substantial part of the environmental impact of products, but are still poorly documented in terms of environmental impact. The present paper proposes a comprehensive energetic analysis of Single Point Incremental Forming Processes (SPIF). The three most commonly used machine tool architectures able to perform SPIF operations have been taken into account: a CNC milling machine, a six-axes robot as well as the dedicated AMINO machine tool were analyzed from an electrical energy consumption point of view. For all the setups, a working cycle time study and power study were performed. Moreover the contribution of each sub-unit towards the total energy demand has been determined. The influence of the most relevant process parameters (e.g. feed rate, step down), has been determined. The three setups have been analyzed in order to identify the solutions with the highest energy efficiency for SPIF processes and a set of potential environmental friendly process control strategies are proposed. Finally, a parametric model, able to predict the energy consumption at the varying of the process parameters, is proposed.

On the Links between Sustainable Wellbeing and Electric Energy Consumption

Access to electric energy is one of the drivers of wellbeing and universal access to energy has recently been identified as an important goal in the international community. A data-driven analysis of electric energy consumption and subjective wellbeing indicators is introduced to promote a broad conversation about relationships between energy poverty, global equity, subjective wellbeing measurements and good quality of life. The proposed approach directly focuses on the overall goal of attaining good and long lasting lives, the implications for future generations, the importance of ecosystems in enabling sustainable wellbeing and the needed capabilities in communities to flourish. Eventually, the proposed pathway should lead to a capabilities approach assessment for appropriate technologies. The results point out that although there is an important relationship between electric energy consumption and human wellbeing, a deeper look at electric energy access, subjective wellbeing indicators, local capabilities, and participatory decision making processes is needed to better prepare and implement long-term energy plans at local and global levels.

Measurements of electric energy consumption in a low energy building in Slovak climatic conditions

Buildings with heating demands <20 kWh/m2 usually use electric energy for covering their energy needs. The aim of the paper is an analysis of electric energy consumption in this type of building. Data were obtained by in-situ measurements. Electricity consumption for hot water preparation, ventilation and household appliances are presented. Also a comparison of the real consumption with the design, and the impact of a user to the total consumption are analysed. The results show that 60% of electricity consumption is during months December, January and February. The obtained results show, that another decreasing in electric energy consumption is possible.