Development Policy Analysis Research Articles

Ex Ante Analysis of a Local Rural Development Policy Using the Gut Matrix

Objective: The objective is to examine the potential and limitations of a local rural development policy at the municipal level, analyzing the feasibility of building paths that can contribute to overcoming the obstacles faced by family farming at the local level. Theoretical Framework: Based on Karl Polanyi's theory, which postulates that agents, in response to the economic context in which they are immersed, adopt a variety of practices aimed at preserving their autonomy and improving their living conditions. Method: The study adopted a qualitative approach, using case study and exploratory methods. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews with family farmers and observations. Results and Discussion: It was found that the project analyzed has the potential to meet its objectives. However, there were also some inconsistencies that need to be corrected in order for the project to be more assertive. Research implications: Highlights the importance of ex ante evaluation as a tool for identifying and mitigating potential challenges in social projects before they are implemented. It offers valuable insights for policymakers and project managers, guiding social initiatives. Originality/Value: Adds a contribution to the literature by highlighting the importance of adopting ex ante evaluation in social projects. The relevance of this research is evidenced by the ability of ex ante analysis to identify the strengths and weaknesses of the analyzed project, thus highlighting the importance of this approach to improve the effectiveness and assertiveness of similar initiatives.

Underexplored Dimensions of Uncertainty and Risk in Human Development Policy Call for a New Paradigm

The human development paradigm like many other development policy domains, old and new, is being challenged by a fundamentally new context that has been described by many as a VUCA world meaning Volatile, Uncertain, Complex, and Ambiguous. These factors are of course not independent of each other, but interactive, thus making for a very difficult environment in which public policy must be made. The Human Development Report (HDR) made a wise and topical choice therefore in selecting uncertain unsettled lives as the theme for the 2021–2022 report. This paper first identifies some of the strengths of the current human development policy analysis but then proceeds to outline multiple concrete, though novel, ways of addressing the challenges of uncertain times and unsettled lives. These include the need for unpackaging the concept of uncertainty, highlighting both differences and linkages between risk and uncertainty, and further implications for policymaking. In addition, we discuss new and promising ways of thinking about uncertainty in policy issues around human development including complexity theory and complex adaptive systems thinking as well as quantum-like frameworks. Finally, we discuss applied spirituality which, in our opinion, can be of great value in engaging with unsettled lives. Ours is an attempt to call for a future paradigm in policy thinking, and social and human sciences as a whole.

Eco-Resilient (ECORE) Concrete Constructions: A New Challenge and A New Concept

This paper presents a new concept concerning the development of eco-resilient concrete constructions, that is to say constructions with a reduced carbon footprint and which can withstand mechanical stress and physico-chemical attacks worsened by climate change. After a critical analysis of current research and development policies in the field of concrete construction, a new global approach is proposed which should allow this concrete construction profession to better respond to the challenges caused by global warming. This approach is based on two strong ideas a) The use of fiber concretes in combination with passive or active reinforcements in all constructions susceptible to crack b) The use of numerical models based on non-linear finite element calculations in order to optimize the design of eco-resilient concrete constructions.

Analysis of Competency Development Policy for State Civil Apparatus (ASN) at Kotamobagu City Education and Training Personnel Agency

The purpose of this research is to describe and analyze managerial competency policies in supporting ASN career development in Kotamobagu City. This is to meet the competency needs of the apparatus in order to realize local government bureaucratic reform through a competency development policy strategy at the Kotamobagu City Education and Training Staffing Agency. This research method uses qualitative data and is described descriptively in the form of written or spoken words from people and observable behavior. Data collection techniques through direct observation and interviews with research subjects. The results showed that the level of education with indicators of structural training and leadership experience is dependent (has a strong relationship). This shows that the implementation of structural training (Pim 4 to Pim 1) and leadership experience (Echelon 4 - Echelon 1) has been carried out based on the classification of educational levels at the Kotamobagu City Education and Training Personnel Agency.

Prospective analysis of sustainable mangrove ecotourism development policy

The Bandar Bakau area of Dumai City is very strategic to be used as an international tourism development area, because Dumai City is located in the international trade cross-country area of the Melaka Strait. The impact of Dumai City being made a special economic zone is the destruction of mangrove areas, so that the environment becomes unsustainable. To maintain environmental sustainability, a policy is needed that combines tourism potential with environmental sustainability, such as an ecotourism development policy. Ecotourism has emerged as a sustainable approach to tourism development that emphasizes the conservation of natural resources and cultural heritage while promoting community engagement and economic growth. The aim of the research is to formulate sustainable ecotourism development policies. The method used is a mix method using prospective analysis. Prospective analysis can offer future-oriented policy frameworks for stakeholders to ensure environmental sustainability. The findings reveal stakeholders’ concern for mangrove areas through education and research, rich arts and cultural heritage, as well as tourism potential in Bandar Bakau Dumai, indicating that ecotourism-based area development policies are very possible to be developed sustainably.

Analysis of e-Government Development Policy in Banda Aceh City

Analysis of e-Government Development Policy in Banda Aceh City

국가균형발전정책의 성과와 한계에 관한 연구

This article evaluates the regional balanced development policy from President Noh’s government, aiming to suggesting the future regional balanced development policy implemented by the Presidential Committe for Decentralization and Balanced Development(the PCDBD).
 We analyze the redistribution of regional balanced development policy largely depends on political tendency by each government although the subsidies followes the initial distributions rule. Thus, the regional development policy, implemented by since 2004 has limited to encourage the endogeous-frinedly regional development. We suggest that the PCDBD’s future roles based on the regional balanced development policy analysis.

Wicked Problem of Regional Development Policy in Iceland

With increasing globalization, the influence of global drivers on local livelihood and prosperity is becoming more apparent at the local level. Global drivers are for the most part driven by economic incentives and often disregard sustainable rural development. This paper uses a political economy perspective to investigate how global impacts are affecting regional development policy. This is accomplished via content analysis and literary study of regional development policy documents post-2000 in Iceland, recognized as a predominately rural island nation. Contributing to the literature on public administration and policy in Iceland and elsewhere, the paper argues that regional development and sustainability in rural regions is a wicked problem and emphasises the importance of a holistic perspective in sustainable regional and rural development. Conclusions suggest that place-specific, nuanced approach needs to be taken to meet the demands of sustainable development. As influenced by the new regionalism, places, and the communities within them, differ in environmental, economic, social, and cultural ways. The uniqueness of places underpins the vital importance of inhabitants´ participation in decision making. Moreover, addressing wicked problems at the community level is an easier and a more transparent way to diagnose and manage issues of concern.

Analysis of corn commodity production and development policy in North Minahasa, North Sulawesi Province

North Minahasa Regency is a corn development area in North Sulawesi, but its production is still low. The aim of the research is to obtain data on corn production systems and their development policies. Survey and FGD data collection techniques. Implementation February - March 2020. Analysis of quantitative data using multiple linear regression. The results showed that farmers are starting to use new superior varieties that have higher potential than local varieties, but the use of cultivation technology is still in accordance with farmers’ habits. The results of the coefficient test, the results of the t test or the sig probability value show that the area of land and labor has a calculated t value of 2.532 and 2.221; bigger than t table (2.064). This means that the variable land area and labor have a significant effect on corn production at α 5%. The potential for the development of this commodity is quite promising, but it is necessary to increase production referring to cultivation technology and product diversification.

Determinants of informal enterprise closure by gender: a microeconometric study applied in Senegal

This article aims to investigate the factors influencing the closure of informal businesses during the COVID-19 pandemic, with a specific focus on the differences between businesses led by women and men. The research employed a logistic regression approach and utilized the matching method to evaluate the pandemic’s impact. The study relied on a database created by the Development Policy Analysis Laboratory, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar, which encompassed 923 informal businesses operating in diverse sectors in Dakar. The findings demonstrate that businesses managed by women experienced a more severe impact from the pandemic, leading to a higher likelihood of temporary closure. These results underscore the disproportionate effect of the crisis on women entrepreneurs within the informal sector and emphasize the necessity for tailored measures to support this vulnerable population during and after the pandemic. Such measures should address the unique challenges faced by women-led informal businesses and help foster their recovery and long-term sustainability

Unpacking gender mainstreaming: a critical discourse analysis of agricultural and rural development policy in Myanmar and Nepal

Conventional gender analysis of development policy does not adequately explain the slow progress towards gender equality. Our research analyses the gender discourses embedded in agricultural and rural development policies in Myanmar and Nepal. We find that both countries focus on increasing women’s participation in development activities as a core gender equality policy objective. This creates a binary categorisation of participating versus non-participating women and identifies women as responsible for improving their position. At the same time, gender (in)equality is defined exclusively as a women’s concern. Such discourses, as constitutive practices, produce specific knowledge about rural women and new subjectivities that prescribe and govern them solely as subjects of development. Our research suggests that such a limited discursive practice invisiblises gendered power relations and structural and institutional issues, ultimately slowing progress towards gender equality. We demonstrate the importance of studying policy as discourse, beyond the effectiveness of policies or mainstreaming tools, and call for empirical evidence on the impact of these discourses on women’s subjectivities and lived experiences.

Analysis of Natural Gas Network Development Policy for Households

Based on data (ESDM, 2022), the realization of the construction of a natural gas network for households means that in 2021 there will only be 799,000 house connections (sambungan rumah/SR). This shows that the target of the National Energy General Plan (RUEN) cannot be fulfilled even by half by 2021. RUEN's target for the construction of natural gas networks in 2025 is 4.7 million house connections. Departing from these problems, researchers conducted an analysis of the natural gas network development policy for households. This research was conducted using the literature review method. The results of the study found that there were several obstacles to the implementation of natural gas development policies for households. These constraints are resources, communication, disposition, and bureaucratic structure. However, the most significant impediment is a lack of budgetary resources to complete the construction of natural gas networks for households.

Policy Analysis for Development and Development of Sports Education: Perspective of Regional Regulation Number 11 of 2017 Concerning the Implementation of Sports

Regional Regulation Number 11 of 2017 concerning Organizing Sports is the key to the development of sports, especially educational sports. This Regional Regulation places sport as a very important instrument for regional development. However, at this time, sports are still positioned only as the development of the sport itself. So it is not in accordance with what is stated in Regional Regulation Number 11 of 2017. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to find out the Policy for Development and Development of Sports Education from the Perspective of Regional Regulations. The method used in this research is to use a descriptive qualitative approach. Then by making observations, documentation studies, and interviews as a tool for collecting data and for analyzing the data. The results of this study found that the Policy for Development and Development of Sports Education from the Perspective of Regional Regulations was in accordance with Regional Regulation Number 11 of 2017 concerning Organizing Sports. However, there are still deficiencies and inequalities in several aspects such as facilities and infrastructure, the competency of sports teachers who do not yet have competency certificates from the main sports branch and the uneven distribution of schools in implementing special sports class programs.

Nourishing the Nexus: A Feminist Analysis of Gender, Nutrition and Agri-food Development Policies and Practices.

This article applies feminist critiques to investigate how agri-food and nutritional development policy and interventions address gender inequality. Based on the analysis presented of global policies and examples of project experiences from Haiti, Benin, Ghana, and Tanzania, we find that the widespread emphasis on gender equality in policy and practice generally ascribes to a gender narrative that includes static, homogenized conceptualizations of food provisioning and marketing. These narratives tend to translate to interventions that instrumentalize women's labor by funding their income generating activities and care responsibilities for other benefits like household food and nutrition security without addressing underlying structures that cause their vulnerability, such as disproportionate work burdens, land access challenges, among many others. We argue that policy and interventions must prioritize locally contextualized social norms and environmental conditions, and consider further the way wider policies and development assistance shape social dynamics to address the structural causes of gender and intersecting inequalities.

Comparative Analysis of Development Trend and Policy of Photovoltaic Building Integration in East Asia

In order to achieve the two important goals of peak carbon dioxide emissions and carbon neutrality in the construction field, it is necessary to strengthen the utilization of renewable energy, so it is necessary to improve the power generation capacity of buildings. Sunlight and broad building roofs and external walls can create a "photovoltaic building integration" in which power generation components and buildings are perfectly integrated, which can transform traditional energy-consuming buildings into sustainable productive buildings. Photovoltaic building integration is an important measure for green buildings to take the road of sustainable development. This paper studies the development trend of photovoltaic building integration in East Asia, learning from mature technology accumulation and design experience, and summing up experience. Comparative analysis of policies in some East Asian regions lays a foundation for the good development of photovoltaic building integration.

Cross Reference of GDP Decrease with Nighttime Light Data via Remote Sensing Diagnosis

Nighttime light data is a mainstay method in confirming and supporting other traditional economic data indicators, which in turn influence business and policy-making decisions. Accuracy in and clear definition of economic data and its related indicators are thus of great importance not only for analysis of urban development and related policies seeking sustainable development, but also plays a key role in whether or not these policies are successful. Discovering and recognizing the applications and limitations of nighttime light and other peripheral data could prove helpful in future data analysis and sustainable development policy. One possible limitation could exist in GDP decrease, and whether or not nighttime light would decrease accordingly, as most studies show nighttime light increase confirms economic growth, thus affecting the reliability of the data’s correlation with economic data. This study utilizes nighttime light data in a cross-reference with GDP data during instances of global GDP shrinkage over the years of 2007–2017, split between 2007–2012 for the DMSP dataset and 2013–2017 for the VIIRs dataset. It seeks to establish through linear regression whether or not yearly average nighttime light data products show a positive correlation even during periods of economic decline, thereby providing a clearer understanding of the strengths and limitations of NTL as an economic validation indicator. Analysis shows that both years of global GDP decrease in turn also displayed global nighttime light decrease, in addition to linear regression giving satisfactory results pointing to a positive correlation over the timespan. The VIIRS data series resulted in higher regression coefficients, which is in line with the results of previous literature.

Applying green urbanism during spatial urban transformation: a schematic plan, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt

Applying green urbanism in Nasr City during ongoing spatial urban transformation in Cairo, particularly in east Cairo, is the main concern of this paper. This paper also investigates spatial urban development that has been launched in Cairo since the 1970s and its expected impact on contemporary districts, particularly Nasr City. It is hypothesized that Nasr City is facing different stages of deterioration, as a result of ongoing spatial urban development toward new satellites and communities, mainly, to east Cairo. Cairo, in fact, had experienced various spatial expansions and developments since its founding. Consequently, Cairo’s old districts, including Old Cairo, Shubra, Khedavy Cairo, Azhar, Abasia, Helwan, etc., suffered diverse degrees of deterioration, especially environmental impact. Within this context, Nasr City is also expected to experience the same evolution and, in turn, deterioration that old districts in Cairo had been experiencing. Deterioration might include increase air pollution rates, high population and building densities, informal housing, low building quality due to lake of maintenance, land-use interface, etc. Therefore, the investigation includes the Greater Cairo urban development policy, particularly, new satellites and communities adjacent to Nasr City, such as New Cairo, Al-Shrouq and Bader cities, and the New Administrative Capital. The development policy analysis will be explored along with the spatial urban transformation to define the urban and environmental issues that may arise in Nasr City. Finally, the assessment of the potentials and constraints of Nasr City development will be conducted to outline A schematic plan for achieving green urbanism in Nasr City.

Territorial development in Bavaria between spatial justice and austere federalism: A historical-materialist policy analysis of Bavarian regional development politics and policies, 2008–2018

This paper examines the territorial development reforms in the federal state of Bavaria, Germany between 2008 and 2018 in light of the rise of austerity policies, introducing the concept of ‘austere federalism’ as a new state spatial process in the aftermath of the global financial crisis. Methodologically, the paper draws on the historical-materialist policy analysis and identifies three processes – municipalisation, competitisation, and responsibilisation – as key elements of a new hegemonic project. Our findings suggest that the years following the crisis saw a paradigm shift in spatial planning taking place, characterised by a carrot-and-stick policy of planning deregulation and austerity discipline. Rather than diminishing disparities, however, this shift runs the risk of exacerbating spatial inequality.

Content Analysis of Entrepreneurship and Employment Development Policies in Iran's Health Sector: Is It a Health Wealth Promoter?

Growing needs mandates economic growth. Entrepreneurship policies play a significant role in achieving productive employment and sustainable development for the health and wealth of society. This study is conducted to find the accordance of this document with the basic theory of the global alphabet model of entrepreneurship on the one hand and a comparison to the real entrepreneurial and economic achievements as social determinants of health (SDOH) on the other hand. This research is a quantitative and qualitative content analysis of entrepreneurship documents in the health sector of Iran, using the basic theory of the global alphabet model as our target. We reviewed the Work Bank and Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) reports as world indicators to compare whether our entrepreneurship policies have been successful. MAXQDA is a software program designed for computer-assisted qualitative and mixed methods data, text and multimedia analysis in academic, scientific, and business institutions. The findings showed that the retelling of the word employment is more dominant than entrepreneurship. Imbalanced attention is paid to the components of the standard global alphabet model, and a downhill regression is seen in almost all aspects of entrepreneurial results. The written health policies have not been effective in promoting the development of health by wealth.

Analysis of The Sustainable Development Policies of Local Communities in Indonesia

Historically, development has been viewed as an economic process that generates many social difficulties, ranging from increased environmental degradation and inequality to social fragility within the local community’s culture. The problems require a new strategy by applying the principles of human and ecological-based development. This study takes a qualitative approach to analyze the sustainable development policies of local communities and resolve environmental problems. Meanwhile, SDGs are localized through the Minister of Villages, Development of Disadvantaged Regions, and Transmigration’s Regulation No. 21 of 2020 on General Guidelines for Village Development and Empowerment of Village Communities. SDGs Desa lists the 18 objectives as a policy direction for rural community development and empowerment. The integration of sustainable development into village planning can increase success in designing a policy focused on the effectiveness of implementing, evaluating, reporting, and achieving goals. By adopting these strategies, the village can build awareness of the importance of tackling environmental degradation.
 Keywords: Development; Government; Policy; Sustainability
 
 Abstrak
 Pembangunan selalu dilihat sebagai fenomena ekonomi. Banyaknya permasalahan sosial yang diakibatkan oleh proses pembangunan yang hanya berorientasi pada ekonomi, mulai dari kerusakan lingkungan yang semakin meningkat, ketimpangan sosial, hingga kerawanan sosial dalam budaya masyarakat setempat. Permasalahan tersebut memerlukan strategi pembangunan baru, dengan menerapkan prinsip-prinsip pembangunan yang berbasis manusia, dan berbasis ekologi. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisa penerapan SDGs pada tingkat lokal desa, untuk mengetahui tantangan serta solusi agar penerapannya menjadi maksimal. Penelitian ini merupakan studi lapangan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan mempelajari berbagai literatur tentang keterlibatan pemerintah lokal dalam melaksanakan kebijakan pembangunan berkelanjutan, permasalahan kerusakan lingkungan, dan pendekatan solusi yang tepat. Lokalisasi SDGs diwujudkan melalui Peraturan Menteri Desa, Pembangunan Daerah Tertinggal, dan Transmigrasi Nomor 21 Tahun 2020 tentang Pedoman Umum Pembangunan Desa dan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Desa, dengan mencantumkan 18 tujuan SDGs Desa sebagai arah kebijakan pembangunan dan pemberdayaan masyarakat desa. Mengintegrasikan pembangunan berkelanjutan ke dalam perencanaan pembangunan desa dapat meningkatkan keberhasilan dalam merancang kebijakan yang lebih menitikberatkan pada efektivitas perencanaan, pelaksanaan, evaluasi, pelaporan, dan pencapaian tujuan pembangunan desa. Dengan mengadopsi hal tersebut, desa akan mampu membangun kesadaran akan pentingnya menanggulangi kerusakan lingkungan yang ada.
 Kata kunci: Keberlanjutan; Pemerintah Lokal; Pembangunan