Analysis Of Curcumin Research Articles

Enhancement of Solubility, Stability, Cellular Uptake, and Bioactivity of Curcumin by Polyvinyl Alcohol.

The biological activities and related mechanisms of curcumin, a major polyphenolic compound in turmeric, the rhizome of Curcuma longa, have been extensively investigated. Due to its poor solubility in water, the analysis of curcumin's biological activities is limited in most aqueous experimental systems. In the present study, the effects of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), a dietary-compatible vehicle, on the solubility, stability, cellular uptake, and bioactivities of curcumin were investigated. Curcumin solubility was improved significantly by PVA; the color intensity of curcumin aqueous solution in the presence of PVA increased concentration-dependently with its peak shift to a shorter wavelength. Improved suspension stability and photostability of curcumin in an aqueous solution were also observed in the presence of PVA, even at 62.5 μg/mL. The scavenging activities of curcumin against DPPH, ABTS, AAPH radicals, and nitric oxide were enhanced significantly in the presence of PVA. PVA at 250 μg/mL also significantly enhanced the cytotoxic activity of curcumin against both HCT 116 colon cancer and INT 407 (HeLa-derived) embryonic intestinal cells by reducing the IC50 from 16 to 11 μM and 25 to 15 μM, respectively. PVA improved the cellular uptake of curcumin in a concentration-dependent manner in INT 407 cells; it increased the cellular levels more effectively at lower curcumin treatment concentrations. The present results indicate that PVA improves the solubility and stability of curcumin, and changes in these chemical behaviors of curcumin in aqueous systems by PVA could enhance the bioavailability and pharmacological efficacy of curcumin.

Analysis of Curcumin on proliferation, apoptosis and differentiation of hepatocyte mice balb/C exposure to benzapyrene: A Systematic Review

Objective: To analyse Curcumin effect on proliferation, apoptosis, and hepatocyte differentiation of Balb/C Mice exposed to benzapyrene. Methodology: A literature search was carried out systematically through the PubMed, NCBI, and Google Scholar databases using keywords, “Curcumin, Proliferation, Apoptosis and Hepatocyte Differentiation of Mice Balb/C, Benzapyrene”. Based on these keywords, the articles obtained were first selected by setting several inclusion criteria. Results: A total of 550 articles were obtained for the keywords “Curcumin, Proliferation, Apoptosis and Hepatocyte Differentiation of Mice Balb/C, Benzapyrene and 28 met the inclusion criteria. Curcumin reduced the hepatocyte proliferation index in experimental animals exposed to BaP and increased the hepatocyte apoptosis index in experimental animals exposed to BaP. It reduced the N/C ratio of hepatocytes in experimental animals exposed to BaP. Conclusion: Administration of curcumin in the diet during the initiation and post-initiation periods can inhibit the increase in PCNA expression, increase apoptosis, and improve hepatocyte differentiation patterns exposed to benzopyrene and curcumin.

Validated high-performance thin-layer chromatographic analysis of curcumin in the methanolic fraction of Curcuma longa L. rhizomes

BackgroundIn the present study, an HPTLC (high-performance thin-layer chromatography) method was developed for the quantitative determination and validation of the curcumin in the methanolic fraction of Curcuma longa L. For achieving good separation of curcumin, the mobile phase of chloroform:methanol (97:3) was used. The densitometric analysis of curcumin was performed at 420 nm in reflection/absorption mode.ResultsLinearity of the method was obtained in the range of 100‒600 ng per spot. During analysis, the methanolic fraction of the C. longa showed the presence of a quantifiable amount of curcumin. The content of curcumin was found to be 1.5% (per dry weight).ConclusionsThe method is specific, simple, precise, and accurate. The obtained data can have used for the routine analysis of the reported biomarkers in crude drugs and extracts. The quantification and the method validation of curcumin have not yet been reported in C. longa which can be utilized for the proper standardization of the plant.

Analysis of Curcumin as a Radiosensitizer in Cancer Therapy with Serum Survivin Examination: Randomised Control Trial.

Objective:One of the important treatments for cervical cancer is radiation therapy. This study sought to determine the role of curcumin as a radio-sensitizing agent for use with radiation therapy for cervical cancer. To accomplish this, we assessed the levels of survivin, which is an anti-apoptotic protein that plays a role in cell division and apoptosis inhibition. Method:This study used a quasi-experimental design, including a pretest–posttest control group design approach. The study subjects included cervical carcinoma stage IIB–IIIB patients who were scheduled to undergo surgery at the Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung during the research period. The advanced cervical cancer patients were assigned to two groups: i) those who received curcumin + radiation therapy and ii) those who received placebo + radiation therapy. Results:In the group treated with curcumin + radiation, 15 (75%) patients showed decreased survivin levels and 5 (25%) showed increased survivin levels. Whereas, in the placebo + radiation group, there were 8 (40%) patients who showed decreased survivin levels and 12 (60%) who showed increased survivin levels. Conclusion: In conclusion, curcumin is an effective, alternative radiosensitizer agent for application in cervical cancer treatment.

Analysis of curcumin and piperine in biological samples by reversed-phase liquid chromatography with multi-wavelength detection

Widely accessible food phytochemicals such as curcumin have been reported to have anti-inflammatory and anticarcinogenic properties. However, curcumin has poor absorption in the gut, and piperine has been of interest as a dietary compound that can enhance curcumin bioavailability. The aim of this study was to develop and optimize a technique using reversed-phase chromatography with multi-wavelength detection for the simultaneous measurement of curcumin and piperine in various biological matrices. Emodin was used as an internal standard. Protein precipitation and liquid-liquid extraction based on acetonitrile provided good recovery of these analytes. A 150 mm × 4.6 mm I.D. Luna C18 column was used under isocratic conditions to separate curcumin, piperine, and emodin with baseline resolution, and with good separation from other sample components, in as little as 4 min. The detection limits for curcumin and piperine were 3 and 7 ng/mL, respectively. This method has been used to quantitate these compounds in samples such as human intestinal epithelial cell lysates and mouse plasma or GI tissues in research aimed at examining the bioavailability of curcumin in the presence of piperine.

Structure-based analysis of curcumin and conventional drugs targeting tumor-inducing protein PHF20

Recently, the PHF20 has been reported as tumor inducer protein by suppressing the activity of tumor suppressor protein p53. Conventional drugs (albendazole, doxazosin, and propranolol) are used for treatment of cancer causing side effect. The secondary metabolite curcumin is employed in various diseases treatment including cancer. The present study is to explore curcumin in comparison to selected conventional drugs by using molecular docking. The online database “Molinspiration online server” detected the physicochemical pharmacokinetics and drug likeness score of curcumin and conventional drugs. Results from Molinspiration online server showed that curcumin did not violate the “Lipinski five rule” for drug. The lead compound for molecular docking exhibited the potential interaction to the active site of PHF20. The resulted binding energy of albendazole and doxazosin were -21.97 and -26.64 respectively. The binding energy (-18.12 kcal/mol) of curcumin was higher than propranolol (17.62 kcal/mol). Thus, curumin has greater potential to interact for further consideration as an anti-cancerous regimen

Understanding the conformational flexibility and electrostatic properties of curcumin in the active site of rhAChE via molecular docking, molecular dynamics, and charge density analysis

Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is an important enzyme responsible for Alzheimer’s disease, as per report, keto-enol form of curcumin inhibits this enzyme. The present study aims to understand the binding mechanism of keto-enol curcumin with the recombinant human Acetylcholinesterase (rhAChE) from its conformational flexibility, intermolecular interactions, charge density distribution, and the electrostatic properties at the active site of rhAChE. To accomplish this, a molecular docking analysis of curcumin with the rhAChE was performed, which gives the structure and conformation of curcumin in the active site of rhAChE. Further, the charge density distribution and the electrostatic properties of curcumin molecule (lifted from the active site of rhAChE) were determined from the high level density functional theory (DFT) calculations coupled with the charge density analysis. On the other hand, the curcumin molecule was optimized (gas phase) using DFT method and further, the structure and charge density analysis were also carried out. On comparing the conformation, charge density distribution and the electrostatic potential of the active site form of curcumin with the corresponding gas phase form reveals that the above said properties are significantly altered when curcumin is present in the active site of rhAChE. The conformational stability and the interaction of curcumin in the active site are also studied using molecular dynamics simulation, which shows a large variation in the conformational geometry of curcumin as well as the intermolecular interactions.

Enzyme-assisted ionic liquid extraction of bioactive compound from turmeric (Curcuma longa L.): Isolation, purification and analysis of curcumin

Curcumin is the bioactive compound of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) with wonderful therapeutic properties; however, is slight aqueous solubility has limited its biological applications. Advanced extraction techniques can help to overcome the low solubility of curcumin in water. In this study, extraction of curcumin from turmeric using a developed carbamate ionic liquid was investigated. N,N-Dipropyl ammonium N′,N′-dipropylcarbamate (DPCARB) was synthesized from dry ice and dipropylamine and used for extraction of curcumin from turmeric which resulted in extraction yield of 3.58%, at room temperature within 2h. To enhance the curcumin extraction yield, a simple enzymatic pretreatment step was utilized. Use of a mixture of α-amylase and amyloglucosidase enzymes to destruct the turmeric cell wall prior to the extraction process remarkably improved the extraction yield to 5.73%. The superior performance of the synthesized DPCARB over conventional extraction solvents was confirmed when acetone was used for extraction of curcumin from pretreated turmeric at the same operation condition (25°C and 2h) which resulted in extraction yield of only 3.11%. The FTIR, UV–vis and HNMR analyses approved the selective extraction and dissolution of curcumin in DPCARB. A curcumin extract with high purity of 96% was obtained as determined by HPLC analysis.

Development and Validation of HPTLC Method to Detect Curcumin and Gallic Acid in Polyherbal Microencapsulated Formulation

Curcumin and gallic acid are one of the phytoconstituent present in Curcuma longa and Emblica officinalis, respectively. Both plants are used traditionally in the treatment of ulcerative colitis. In the present study an attempt has been made to develop a high-performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) method for quantitative estimation of curcumin and gallic acid in antiulcer polyherbal microencapsulated formulation. The method employed thin layer chromatography aluminum plates precoated with silica gel 60 F254 as the stationary phase. The solvent system consisted of chloroform:ethyl acetate:formic acid:methanol (7.5 mL + 6 mL + 0.5 mL + 0.5 mL). This system was found to give compact spots for curcumin (Rf value of 0.59 ± 0.02) and for gallic acid (Rf value of 0.25 ± 0.03). Densitometric analysis of curcumin and gallic acid was carried out at 322 nm. This HPTLC method was found to be reproducible, accurate, and can detect curcumin and gallic acid at nanogram level. The developed HPTLC method would be an important tool in the quality control method for polyherbal formulations.

DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF HPTLC METHOD TO DETECT CURCUMIN, PIPERINE, AND BOSWELLIC ACID IN POLYHERBAL TRANSDERMAL PATCH

Curcumin, piperine, and boswellic acid are important phytoconstituent present in Curcuma longa, Piper nigrum and Boswellia serrate, respectively. These plants are used traditionally in the treatment of arthritis. In the present study an attempt has been made to develop a HPTLC method for quantitative estimation of curcumin, piperine, and boswellic acid from polyherbal transdermal formulations (patch) prepared for the treatment of arthritis. The method employed TLC aluminium plates precoated with silica gel 60F254 as the stationary phase. The solvent system consisted of chloroform: ethyl acetate: formic acid (7.5 mL + 6 ml + 0.2 mL). This system was found to give compact spots for curcumin (Rf value of 0.48 ± 0.02), piperine (Rf value of 0.52 ± 0.03), and boswellic acid (Rf value of 0.61 ± 0.03). Densitometric analysis of curcumin, piperine, and boswellic acid was carried out in the absorbance mode at 540 nm after derivatization. The % of curcumin, piperine, and boswellic acid from transdermal patch was found to be 95.41, 98.09, and 98.54, which was well within the limits. This HPTLC method was found to be reproducible, accurate, and can detect curcumin, piperine, and boswellic acid at nanogram level. The developed HPTLC method would be an important tool in the quality control method for polyherbal formulations.

A Versatile High Performance Liquid Chromatography Method for Simultaneous Determination of Three Curcuminoids in Pharmaceutical Dosage forms

A simple, precise, isocratic, reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was developed for the rapid determination of three curcuminoids viz. Curcumin (C), Desmethoxycurcumin (DMC) and Bisdesmethoxycurcumin (BDMC) using a Agilent RP C 18 , 4.6 mm × 150 mm, 5 μm XDB column. The run time was 7 min. The influence of mobile phase composition, injection volume, mobile phase pH, flow rate, temperature, and detector wavelength on resolution was investigated. The method was validated according to the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines for validation of analytical procedures with respect to precision, accuracy and linearity. The limit of detection and limit of quantitation were 0.015 and 0.050 µg/mL respectively. Linearity was from 0.05 to 15 µg/mL. Further, the proposed method was found to be reproducible and convenient for stability indicating analysis of curcumin in marketed formulation, polymeric nanoparticles and solubility studies.

DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF HPTLC METHOD TO DETECT CURCUMIN AND GALLIC ACID IN POLYHERBAL FORMULATION

Curcumin and Gallic acid are one of the phytoconstituents present in Curcuma longa and Emblica officinalis, respectively. Both these plants are used traditionally in the treatment of cancer and for the treatment of leukemia. In the present study, an attempt has been made to develop a HPTLC method for quantitative estimation of curcumin and gallic acid in different anticancer polyherbal formulations. The method employed TLC aluminum plates precoated with silica gel 60 F254 as the stationary phase. The solvent system consisted of chloroform:ethyl acetate:formic acid (7.5 mL + 6 mL + 0.5 mL). This system was found to give compact spots for curcumin (Rf value of 0.55 ± 0.02) and for gallic acid (Rf value of 0.26 ± 0.03). Densitometric analysis of curcumin and gallic acid were carried out in the absorbance mode at 254 nm. This HPTLC method was found to be reproducible, accurate, and can detect curcumin and gallic acid at a nanogram level. The developed HPTLC method would be an important tool in the quality control method for polyherbal formulations.

LC–APCI–MS Quantitative Analysis of Curcumin in Rabbit Plasma

A simple and specific liquid chromatography–atmospheric pressure chemical ionization–mass spectrometry (LC–APCI–MS) method was developed and validated for quantitative analysis of curcumin in rabbit plasma. Chromatographic separation was carried out on Zorbax SB-C18 column, acetonitrile-methanol–water used as mobile phase with gradient elution. APCI source was applied and operated in negative ion mode, and selective ion monitoring mode used to quantify curcumin. The method showed excellent intra-assay and inter-assay precision (relative standard deviations and bias <15%) for quality control (QC) samples. This method was successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study of curcumin after intravenous administration to rabbits.