Corelation Analysis Research Articles

Analysis of co-relation on LPBF process parameter on wear characteristics of Cu-Cr-Zr alloy

Copper alloy bearings, gears, and fasteners have a significant impact on industrial sectors. However, due to the defect formation and void generation during the manufacturing of copper alloy parts using (Laser Powder Bed Fusion) LPBF technique, the wear resistance of the copper alloy was significantly affected. Hence, the prime novelty of the current research is enhancing wear resistance by analyzing the interaction of combined LPBF parameters. In order to decrease cavity forms and reduce the wear rate of the printed Cu alloy components, the important LPBF process parameters such as Scan Velocity (SV) of 550, 750, and 950 mm s−1, Laser Power (LP) of 460, 540, and 620 W, and Re-melting Range (RR) of 5, 25, and 45% were selected and studied. The results of the experimental investigation were supported by the use of Grey Relation Analysis (GRA). A comparative study was conducted with five distinct parameter combinations to investigate the relative influence of each parameter on the relative density, wear rate and elastic modulus. The research findings verify that the application of optimal SV of 750 mm s−1 and RR of 45% with maximum LP of 460 W resulted in the maximum relative density of 99.91%, minimal wear rate of 0.52 × 10−5 mm3/Nm, and maximum elastic modulus of 140.22 GPa.

Evaluating English Teachers’ Artificial Intelligence Readiness and Training Needs with a TPACK-Based Model

With the rapid development and widespread adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) tools, the implementation of instructional pedagogy has transformed significantly. English teachers need to understand how AI tools can improve their teaching and must acquire the necessary technical and pedagogical knowledge to effectively utilize AI technology. Although the integration of AI into language teaching shows potential benefits, there remains a dearth of comprehensive research on English teachers’ perceptions, readiness, and professional development requirements in relation to AI.To address these knowledge research gaps, our study aims to evaluate English teachers’ current understanding of AI tools and their training needs for integrating AI into the English language classroom. Our proposed model uses the technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK) framework, which incorporates English language teaching and information literacy contexts. This framework allows for a holistic assessment of teachers’ readiness for integrating AI within English language teaching practices.A study was conducted with a class of preservice English teachers in Hong Kong. An online survey was designed to assess the readiness of English teachers for applying AI tools in the classroom as well as their understanding and level of information literacy. This study helped identify and address potential issues with the survey before launching it to a wider audience. Our findings confirmed the validity and reliability of the instrument and indicated that preservice English teacher participants are generally prepared to integrate AI tools into the English classroom. Corelation analysis was also conducted to assess the relationships among the constructs and showed that technological pedagogical knowledge (TPK) and instructional literacy (IL) were significant predictors of the overall TPACK construct. The study suggested professional training in the selection, implementation and progress monitoring of specific AI tools for English Language teaching; pedagogy design; and the ability to search for appropriate resources for the English classroom. The framework can be enhanced by using a mixed-method approach and incorporating a qualitative study to triangulate the findings. An explanatory sequential design will be recommended to collect quantitative data first, then qualitative data will be collected for further analysis.

Therapeutic Relational Communication and Resilience among Nursing Professionals in a Pandemic Situation.

Therapeutic relational communication has become a fundamental human resource in the nursing profession. The positive relationship between nurse-patient communication and resilience has been shown in several studies. However, these aspects can be affected in adverse circumstances. The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between nurse-patient therapeutic relational communication and the resilience of nursing professionals in adverse circumstances. A cross-sectional study with a sample of 201 nursing professionals was conducted. This study found high levels of both therapeutic relational communication between nurses and patients as well as resilience among nurses. The sociodemographic variables of age and years of experience in the profession positively correlated with the data obtained through the measurement instruments. The co-relational analysis revealed a positive correlation between nurse-patient therapeutic relational communication and nurse resilience, and the regression analysis showed that levels of successful therapeutic communication skills were minimally explained by resilience. Nursing professionals who participated in this study demonstrated adequate levels of therapeutic relational communication with their patients as well as adequate levels of resilience required to cope with the challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic in their daily nursing practice. This study was not registered.

English Writing Anxiety in Chinese High School Students: Causes and Consequences

Second language (L2) writing anxiety has been widely discussed by researchers, for writing anxiety has its specific causes and may affect peoples L2 writing performance. In the Chinese context, high school students undergo exam-orientated education and face the college entrance exams. They may have special causes and may suffer from specific consequences of English writing anxiety. The research is done in a normal high school in Zhejiang Province, focusing on the causes and consequences of English writing anxiety in Chinese high school students. The research used a questionnaire to collect data and analyze them in SPSS. Through exploratory factor analysis (efa), the research finds out that exams, fear of errors, and writing difficulties may be the main causes of Chinese high school students writing anxiety. The research also collected students recent exam grades and conducted co-relation analysis and regression analysis, which shows that English writing anxiety exerts negative impact on Chinese students English writing performance.

Preliminary safety, efficacy and molecular characterization of emavusertib (CA-4948) in patients with relapsed/refractory (R/R) acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with FLT3 mutation (FLT3m).

6539 Background: AML is a heterogenous disease and exhibits a dynamic mutational landscape as the disease progresses. Internal tandem duplication (ITD) of FLT3 is considered an acquired late-event mutation and is associated with a poor prognosis in AML. Emavusertib is a potent oral inhibitor of both IRAK4 and FLT3, conferring potential dual efficacy advantages compared to other IRAK4 or FLT3 inhibitors as single agents. IRAK4 is upregulated during anti-FLT3- or other cytotoxic therapies, which drives a resistance pathway of early relapse and progression. Methods: The safety, clinical activity, and potential biomarkers of emavusertib in R/R AML and higher-risk myelodysplastic syndrome are being investigated in the ongoing open-label, Phase 1/2a TakeAim Leukemia trial (NCT04278768). Next generation sequencing (NGS) of 68 genes was performed on genomic DNA from bone marrow or peripheral blood mononuclear cells at baseline and on treatment. Here, we present preliminary safety, efficacy data and molecular characterization in a subset of enrolled AML patients who carried FLT3m at baseline and were treated with emavusertib monotherapy. Results: In this study, we treated 11 R/R AML patients with FLT3m at dose levels of 200-400 mg BID. The median number of prior anti-cancer therapies was 2 (range 1-6). 8 of 11 patients had prior exposure to FLT3 inhibitors. Treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) Grade ≥ 3 were reported in 2 of 11 (18%) patients. All responders were dosed at the Recommended Phase 2 Dose (RP2D) of 300 mg BID and with < 3 lines of prior therapy. In addition, responders demonstrated more than 90% bone marrow blast reduction compared to baseline. The most common co-mutations in this subset of patients included RUNX1, NRAS, and TET2. Emavusertib treatment significantly decreased the variant allele frequency of these mutations. FLT3-ITD levels were decreased or became undetectable in responders. Additional corelative analysis between bone marrow blast counts and mutation status indicates that AML patients with FLT3m demonstrated increased bone marrow blast reductions (P≤0.05) on emavusertib treatment, when compared to FLT3 WT AML patients. Conclusions: Emavusertib has a favorable safety and tolerability profile in pretreated AML patients with FLT3m and demonstrated monotherapy anti-cancer activity in patients with FLT3m, including patients who have progressed on prior FLT3 inhibitors. Mutational profiles are suggestive of disease-modifying activity of emavusertib. We will present updated safety and efficacy data, including data for patients who proceeded to stem cell transplant. Enrollment in this ongoing trial is continuing at RP2D in patients with < 3 lines of prior anti-cancer therapies. Clinical trial information: NCT04278768 .

Neoadjuvant immuno-chemo-radiotherapy in operable esophageal and gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma with carboplatin, paclitaxel plus radiotherapy and avelumab (anti-PDL1 antibody): Neo-CREATE trial.

4086 Background: Neoadjuvant CROSS regimen followed by adjuvant nivolumab or perioperative FLOT are current standards of care for patients with curable esophageal/ gastroesophageal (GEJ) junction adenocarcinoma. We hypothesized that adding avelumab to neoadjuvant chemo-radiation (CRT-A) before surgery can further improve outcomes. Methods: Patients with cT1-3 and N0/N1 M0 esophageal or GEJ adenocarcinomas eligible for curative surgery received weekly carboplatin and paclitaxel concurrently with radiotherapy (41.4 Gy in 23 fractions) and bi-weekly avelumab (5 doses). The trial had a run-in phase of 10 patients to evaluate feasibility and safety and a planned futility analysis after 15 patients have undergone surgery. The primary endpoint was pathological complete response (pCR) (Mandard criteria) by central pathology review, secondary endpoints were major histological response and survival outcomes. Using an A’hern single stage design for efficacy forty-seven patients were required to rule out a lower limit of a 20% pCR rate (p0) and to demonstrate an increase to a 40% pCR rate (p1), with 90% power and significance level α=0.05. Tissue, blood, and stool samples were collected for corelative analysis. Results: 48 patients were enrolled between Sept 2019 to Oct 2022 across seven Australian sites. Median age 65 [44-81], 95% were male (n=45), with majority of cancers being esophageal/GEJ type I (n = 35), with GEJ type II (n = 13). Forty-seven (97%) patients completed CRT -A and 46 (95%) had surgery. CRT-A was well tolerated, with two patients having > grade 2 adverse event of interest in the form of myocarditis attributed to avelumab. Notable toxicities included grade 2-4 myocarditis (4%), anastomotic leak (4%), infection (6%) and diarrhoea (6%). In 44 evaluable patients, pCR was 23%. MHR was 58.3% (95% CI, 43.3%-72.1%), complete or near complete response (Tumor Regression Grade 1-2) was 31%. Overall, 1-yr disease free survival was 83.8% and OS was 91.2%. 1-yr disease free survival was 91.7% for patients with MHR vs 73.3% without MHR, p=0.20. Conclusions: Combining avelumab with neoadjuvant CRT is feasible in patients with acceptable tolerability in locally advanced esophageal/ GEJ adenocarcinoma. Avelumab with CRT is active however observed pCR rate does not represent a signal of substantial improvement compared to historical controls. Exploratory analysis suggests improved outcomes in patients with optimal tumour regression after neoadjuvant CRT-A. Exploratory biomarker work to corelate with outcomes is underway. Clinical trial information: ACTRN12619000288123.

Evaluating the Long-Term Effects of Parental Involvement in Child’s Education

This study investigates the long-term effects of parental involvement in a child’s education, utilizing a mixed-methods approach that combines quantitative and qualitative data collection and analysis. The study employs co-relational analysis to explore the potential association between the degree of parental involvement throughout childhood and subsequent educational attainment, career choices, and self-reported life satisfaction in adulthood. The research utilizes a sample of 200 individuals aged 25-60, with varying levels of parental involvement reported through retrospective self-reports and parent-teacher communication records from their school files, obtained with informed consent.

Performance of UAV-derived Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) for Early Estimation of Rice Yield

Traditionally, the rice yield is measured after the harvest, which is too late then to revert any agronomic practices to improve yield. The aerial spectral reflectance images of crops captured by a multispectral camera mounted in an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) are capable of quantitatively measuring the internal physiological condition of crops directly associated with their health status. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of UAV-multispectral image derived-NDVI as a method for estimating rice yield. Multispectral drone images including single band images were acquired from a controlled rice field at Rice Research and Development Institute (RRDI), Sri Lanka. Rice variety Bg 300 was cultivated in the Yala season under four levels of Nitrogen (N) fertilizer treatment plots. According to the regression co-relation analysis the derived NDVI values at 15 and 25 m flying heights from the rice crops at the booting stage were moderately (R2=0.65 and R2=0.67, p<0.05, respectively) associated with the actual yield. The derived NDVI values indicated the rice crop vigor at the booting stage is a useful indicator for early estimation of the rice yield prior to actual harvest.

A Swedish population-based study to evaluate the usefulness of resting heart rate in the prediction of suicidal behavior among males.

Resting heart rate has been distinctly related to both internalizing (high pulse) and externalizing (low pulse) disorders. We aimed to explore the associations between resting heart rate and suicidal behavior (nonfatal suicide attempt [SA] and suicide death [SD]) and evaluate if such associations exist beyond the effects of internalizing/externalizing symptomatology. We used Cox proportional hazards models to evaluate the associations between resting heart rate (age 19) and later SA/SD in 357,290 Swedish men. Models were controlled for internalizing disorders, externalizing disorders, and resilience (the ability to deal with adversity). Co-relative analysis (comparing pairs of different genetic relatedness) was used to control for unmeasured family confounders and improve causal inference. In baseline models, low resting heart rate was associated with SA (HR = 0.96; 95% CI: 0.95,0.98) and high resting heart rate with SD (HR = 1.04; 95% CI: 1.002,1.07). The association with SA remained after adjustment for all confounders (HR = 0.98). However, the association with SD did not persist after controlling for covariates. Co-relative analysis did not support causal associations. Our findings raise interesting etiological questions for the understanding of suicidal behaviors but do not support the usefulness of resting heart rate in suicide prediction.

Job Satisfaction among the Nurses Working in Government and Private Hospital in Eastern Part of Nepal

Nursing is a profession which directly deals with the health of the human being. It requires competence, compassion and genuine commitment. So, job satisfaction among the nurses remains the matter of concern because it directly impacts the quality of patient care. The objective of the Study is to assess the level of satisfaction among the nurses.
 A descriptive Cross-Sectional study was conducted by using self-administered questionnaire among 200 nurses working in different Governmental and Private Hospital in Eastern Part of Nepal. Data was collected from 2080/1/1/ to 2080/6 30. Job Satisfaction was measured by using five-point Likert scale type questionnaire. Descriptive statistics; Mean, Standard Deviation, Percentage and inferential statistics co-relation analysis were utilized to examine data and draw meaningful insight. The findings of the study revealed that 54.5% (109) respondents were satisfied with their job and 45.5% (91) respondents were unsatisfied with their job. Based on the weighted mean score satisfaction level was assessed where the weighted mean was 3.105. Finding showed that there is significant relationship of job satisfaction with salary and type of hospital and there is no any relationship of job satisfaction with designation, age, qualification, marital status and work experience. Level of job satisfaction is more in government hospital than the private hospital. There is significant relationship between level of job satisfaction with its different components and there is significant differences in level of job satisfaction among nurses between government and private hospital.
 The study was aimed to find out the job satisfaction among nurses. Based on the findings more than half of the nurses were satisfied with their job and it is also showed that there is significant relationship of job satisfaction with salary and type of hospital. There are various factors where nurses are not satisfied such as; job security, self-growth and development, salary, working condition and hospital environment. If there are dissatisfied, they may stimulate the nurses to intend to leave their job/centers. For the quality care to the patient in hospital nurses’ source of job dissatisfaction must be addressed and managed.

Active matrix-based pressure sensor system with a 4 × 16 printed decoder designed with a flexible hybrid organic process design kit

The innovative field of printed sensor with a demand for high accuracy, sensitivity and durability has enabled a wide application area in sensing, healthcare etc. A large-area printed sensor system on a flexible foil substrate emplying p-type organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) is presented. Thereby, the OFET is fabricated through a hybrid manufacturing process, including photolithographically structured source- and drain-electrodes, ink-jet printed organic semiconductor, and spin-coated dielectric. Moreover, a dedicated device model, derived from the variable range hopping model, is developed and integrated together with process related design rules, materials properties and geometric information into a comprehensive process design kit (FH_OPDK). The FH_OPDK is integrated in a commercial electronic design automation tool and is used to design and perform post-layout simulations on logic gates, such as INV, NAND2, and NOR2 as well as circuitry such as ring oscillators and a 4 × 16 digital decoder. Several circuit topologies have been tested and evaluated in a detailed model-hardware correlation analysis. Finally we have optimized logic gates and the decoder in a PMOS only, pseudo CMOS design style. To demonstrate the feasibility of the full sensor system in hardware a 16 × 16 active matrix pressure sensor on a flexible substrate integrated with a 4 × 16 binary decoder was fabricated and tested. We have integrated our flexible hybrid sensor system with a PCB board and a microcontroller to demonstrate the hardware readout platform capable of detecting the weight of objects and visualizing a digital map of applied forces.

Assessment of Cost Benefit Analysis of Implementing Sustainable Practices for Construction Organisational Performance in Abuja, Nigeria

There is growing need to improve the implementation of sustainable construction in Nigeria. The awareness of the costs and benefits of sustainable construction is a fundamental principle underlying the implementation. This study assessed the economic viability and societal impact of implementing sustainable development practices in the construction industry in Abuja, Nigeria. Through a comprehensive Cost Benefit Analysis (CBA) framework, the research investigated the long-term costs and benefits associated with sustainability practices in building construction. Data collection was done using mixed method approach. Corelational analysis was use to analyse data of existing datasets on economic indicators, environmental parameters, and social statistics. The study revealed a dichotomy in the construction professionals' stance toward sustainable development, with a high level of awareness but a disparity in actual implementation. The Relative Importance Index (RII) findings emphasize the importance of indoor ventilation, energy-efficient systems, and structured construction waste management. Findings from the research recommend deepening the awareness levels of the long term benefits associated with sustainable construction among relevant stakeholders. The research contributes to addressing the gap between booming construction activities in Abuja and sustainable construction practices, aiming to create a more environmentally friendly, economically viable, and socially responsible construction industry.

Does Capital Structure Effects Profitability: Evidence from conventional and Islamic banking

The current research study analyzed the effect of capital structure and productivity performance of banking sectors. The study used the regression and co-relation analysis to test the impact of capital structure on productivity performance. The study divided the banking sector into two broad categories such as, Conventional Banks and Islamic Banks over the sample period. For the said purpose an economic model was developed for conventional and Islamic banks. This model is based on Net Profit Margin (NPM) i.e. dependent variable and explanatory variables such as Debt to Assets (DTA), Debt to Equity (DTE), Total Capitalization Ratio (TCR) and Coverage Ratio (CR). The results showed that Conventional Banks, DTA and DTE were statistical significant for dependent variable NPM. While in case of Islamic Banks, DTE and CR were statistically significant with positive signs and were contributing reasonably well in the profitability

Divorce and risk of suicide attempt: a Swedish national study.

Prior research has reported an association between divorce and suicide attempt. We aimed to clarify this complex relationship, considering sex differences, temporal factors, and underlying etiologic pathways. We used Swedish longitudinal national registry data for a cohort born 1960-1990 that was registered as married between 1978 and 2018 (N = 1 601 075). We used Cox proportional hazards models to estimate the association between divorce and suicide attempt. To assess whether observed associations were attributable to familial confounders or potentially causal in nature, we conducted co-relative analyses. In the overall sample and in sex-stratified analyses, divorce was associated with increased risk of suicide attempt (adjusted hazard ratios [HRs] 1.66-1.77). Risk was highest in the year immediately following divorce (HRs 2.20-2.91) and declined thereafter, but remained elevated 5 or more years later (HRs 1.41-1.51). Divorcees from shorter marriages were at higher risk for suicide attempt than those from longer marriages (HRs 3.33-3.40 and 1.20-1.36, respectively). In general, HRs were higher for divorced females than for divorced males. Co-relative analyses suggested that familial confounders and a causal pathway contribute to the observed associations. The association between divorce and risk of suicide attempt is complex, varying as a function of sex and time-related variables. Given evidence that the observed association is due in part to a causal pathway from divorce to suicide attempt, intervention or prevention efforts, such as behavioral therapy, could be most effective early in the divorce process, and in particular among females and those whose marriages were of short duration.

Impact of COVID-19 on Patterns of Cigarette Smoking among Adult Smokers in Bangladesh

Background: Bangladesh is a country with high prevalence of smoking which is a contributing factor to cause respiratory diseases. The situation of COVID-19 has become threatening physically for smokers as it is also a respiratory related disease and it can also help altering smoking behaviour because of perception towards this pandemic. Objective: The objectives of this study were to investigate changes in cigarette smoking behaviour during COVID-19 among the adult smokers of Bangladesh according to perception towards COVID-19, and assess association between changes in cigarette smoking behaviour and perception towards COVID-19. Methodology: An online descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted during 16 April, 2021 to 30 April, 2021 using anonymous Google form. Only adult Bangladeshi cigarette smokers were included in this study. Descriptive and co-relational analyses were conducted using SPSS-28.0. Results: Among 373 valid responses, 259(69.43%) reported change in smoking behaviour during COVID-19. Some 313(83.91%) cigarette smokers perceived risk of being infected by COVID-19 and 30(8.04%) smokers were infected by COVID-19. Many (187, 50.13%) participants perceived that smokers have higher risk of contracting infection. In addition, 292(78.28%) smokers believed that smoking can cause more complications if infected, 182(48.79%) felt worried about their smoking behaviour and 225(60.32%) participants thought of lessening smoking during COVID-19. Majority (229, 61.39%) of the respondents tried to quit smoking. Patterns of change in cigarette smoking during COVID-19 were significantly associated with both perceived risks of higher contractibility (p=.001) and higher physical complications (p=.004). Conclusion: Percentage of people with changed smoking behaviour during COVID-19 was very high. Perception towards adverse impact of COVID-19 on smoking behaviour may lead to this change. Journal of Monno Medical College, June 2023; 9 (1): 24-29

Relationship between Different Components of English Writing Skill

Theories of writing development suggest that the writing process requires a number of different components and skills. By examining secondary students' performance in English writing skills, this study sought to understand the relationship between writing skill components such as content, organization, vocabulary, grammar, and mechanics. Co-relational analysis was employed in the study. In the current study, 1204 samples from four West Bengali districts were the participants. A descriptive survey was the research methodology employed. Data is gathered via stratified random sampling. Self-made achievement tests and scoring rubrics are employed as data collection and scoring techniques. The Pearson correlation method was used to assess all of the research's data. The outcome reveals a strong correlation between different English writing skill components with respect to gender, residence, and class. Keywords: Writing skill, content, organization, vocabulary, grammar, mechanics, correlation.

Computer-aided identification of dengue virus NS2B/NS3 protease inhibitors: an integrated molecular modelling approach for screening of phytochemicals

Globally, dengue (DENV) fever has appeared as the most widespread vector-borne disease, affecting more than 100 million individuals annually. No approved anti-DENV therapy or preventive vaccine is available yet. DENV NS3 protein is associated with protease activity and is essential for viral replication process within the host cell. NS2B is linked with NS3 protein as a cofactor. Hence, NS3/NS2B is a potential druggable target for developing inhibitors against dengue virus. In the present study, a dataset of Beta vulgaris L.-based natural compounds was developed. Virtual ligand screening of 30 phytochemicals was carried out to find novel inhibitors against the NS2B/NS3 protein. Spatial affinity, drug-likeness, and binding behaviors of selected phytochemicals were analyzed. Post-simulation analysis, including Principal Component Analysis (PCA), MMGBSA, and Co-relation analysis, was also performed to provide deep insight for elucidating protein-ligand complexes. This computer-aided screening scrutinized four potent phytochemicals, including betavulgaroside II, vitexin xyloside, epicatechin, and isovitexin2-O-xyloside inhibitors exhibiting optimal binding with viral NS3/NS2B protein. Our study brings novel scaffolds against DENV NS2B/NS3 of serotype-2 to act as lead molecules for further biological optimization. In future, this study will prompt the exploration and development of adjuvant anti-DENV therapy based on natural compounds. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma

#6184 PULSE WAVE VELOCITY AND AMBULATORY BLOOD PRESSURE IN PATIENTS WITH RENAL HYPERFILTRATION

Abstract Background and Aims Recent studies have been implicated that abnormally increased glomerular filtration rate, defined as renal hyperfiltration, may be a risk factor for the development of renal damage and cardiovascular disease. Herein, we aimed to investigate the possible relationship between renal hyperfiltration(RHf) and pulse wave velocity, ambulatory blood pressure measurements and clinical parameters. Method All individuals included the study were between 18 and 65 years old. The eGFR (CKD-EPI) values of above 140 ml/min/1.73 m² were defined as RHf. Nineteen individuals in the renal hyperfiltration group and 20 in the control group were included. Blood and urine samples of the cases were examined. The individuals with diabetes, obesity, pregnancy, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, peripheral artery disease, cerebrovascular disease, chronic rheumatological disease, and thyroid dysfunction were excluded from the study. The parameters related arterial stiffness and ambulatory blood pressure measurements were obtained in all cases. The results were analyzed statistically. Results The two groups were similar in terms of gender, age, BMI and smoking. In RHf group, total cholesterol, 24-hour urine proteinuria and albuminuria, SBP, DBP, MAP and PP values ​​were found higher than control group. Interestingly, the differences of “night time” measurements of all these hemodynamic parameters were more pronounced in RHf group. The trend of “non-dipper” pattern was to be higher in the hyperfiltration group. In arterial stiffness parameters the augmentation pressure (AP), central systolic pressure (CSP), reflection magnitude (RM), central diastolic pressure (CBP), and pulse pressure amplification (PPA) were found significantly different. Pearson's corelation analysis revealed that AP, CSP, CBP was the positively; RM was negatively correlated with eGFR in hyperfiltration group (Table 1 and 2). Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that AP, 24-hour proteinuria and mean arterial pressure were the independent parameters related to hyperfiltration. Logistic regression showed that only AP was an independent predictor of hyperfiltration (p = 0.001, OR = 0.84; 0.757-0.935, CI 95%). Conclusion We found that augmentation pressure is the most important independent parameter correlated with RHf among arterial stiffness measurements. The vascular risk may be increased in this population.

Integrated analysis of colorectal neoplasia tissue and gut microbiome associated serum metabolites for diagnosis of early-stage CRC and advanced adenoma.

e15523 Background: Detection and excision of early-stage CRC or colorectal precancerous lesions (advanced adenoma) has been recognized as an effective way to reduce CRC induced mortality. Integrating signals from both tumoral tissues and microenvironment exhibit better accuracy for tumor detection, especially for early-stage tumors. Gut microbiome carried out profound effects on initiation and progression of colorectal cancer and adenoma, and our previous findings have also revealed that gut microbiome-associated serum metabolites exhibited potential for detecting colorectal neoplasia patients. Here, we carried out an integrated analysis of both early colorectal neoplasia tissues and related gut microbiome to define their combined effect on serum metabolome and develop diagnostic test for early-stage CRC and advanced adenoma. Methods: Integrated analysis of untargeted metabolomics of serum and tissue samples and metagenome sequencing of paired fecal samples were applied to define tissue metabolome and gut microbiome variations between normal and colorectal neoplasia patients. Selected metabolic biomarkers were quantified by targeted LC-MS detection, and a diagnostic model based on the integrated serum metabolite biomarkers was established and evaluated in an independent modeling cohort. Results: Consensus participants undergoing coloscopy were enrolled. The serum-fecal matched discovery cohort includes 120 individuals, ranging from normal, non-adenoma polyp individuals to adenoma and early-stage CRC patients, and among them, resected neoplastic tissue samples were also examined. Co-relation analysis was caried out to build associations of serum metabolome with either tissue metabolome or gut microbiome enriched in early neoplasia patients. More than 100 candidate metabolic biomarkers in serum were selected and transferred to targeted metabolomics detection in an independent modeling cohort including 696 individuals (265 normal individuals, 122 with hyperplastic polyps, 155 with low-risk colorectal adenoma were assigned to the negative group; and positive group includes 136 advanced colorectal adenoma and 18 early-stage CRC patients). After feature selection, an integrated diagnostic model was established to detect early CRC and advanced adenoma, yielded an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.89 in the training set and an AUC of 0.87 (66.7% sensitivity, 90.4% specificity) in the testing set. As for advanced adenoma, the model could also achieve an AUC of 0.84 in the testing set (59.7% sensitivity, 90.4% specificity), significantly higher than previously reported fecal based FIT-DNA test and blood based Septin 9 test. Conclusions: Integrating serum metabolic biomarkers associated with both tumor tissue and colorectal neoplasia related gut microbiota could effectively detect early colorectal cancer and advanced adenoma.

Social Media as a Determinant of Students’ Dropout Rates in Secondary Schools in Kenya

Education is the natural right of every human being and is an integral part of every human life. The purpose of the study was to investigate the influence of social media on secondary school students’ dropout in public day secondary schools in Kenya. The article is an extract from a study done in public day secondary schools in Kitui central sub-county, Kitui County, Kenya. The study was guided by Bertalanffy’s Systems Theory. The study adopted descriptive survey research design. The study population was 25 schools and a sample size of 384 comprising of 22 principals, 22 form three class teachers and 340 form three students. Questionnaires for principals, class teachers and students were used to collect both quantitative and qualitative data. Data analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26. The corelation analysis results on principals’ responses showed a strong correlation (r=0.675. p=0.006) between social media and students’ dropout rate. A strong correlation (r =0.612, p =0.022) between social media and students’ dropout rates was also shown when the class teachers’ responses were analysed. However, corelation analysis of the students’ responses showed a weak correlation (r=0.214, p=0.041). The researcher therefore concluded that students drop out of school is influenced by social media. The study thus recommended that the community, teachers, and parents should educate students on good use of social media so as not to misuse it.