Response Analysis Research Articles

PSXII-1 Comparative analysis of the training response of Raramuri Criollo and Angus Cattle to virtual fencing

PSXII-1 Comparative analysis of the training response of Raramuri Criollo and Angus Cattle to virtual fencing

Development of Teaching Materials Based on Social Values of Banjar Community to Improve Students' Financial Literacy

Financial literacy is an essential skill to equip students with the knowledge and skills needed to manage finances. The gap in understanding financial literacy among junior secondary level students reflects the urgent need to introduce innovative and effective learning teaching materials. This research was conducted with the aim of increasing students' financial literacy through the application of the Project Based Learning model. This research method is Research and Development (R&D) which adopted the 4D model of Thiagarajan, Semmel & Semmel in 1974. Validation of the teaching module was carried out by two expert lecturers and teacher response data was validated by two class IX junior high school teachers. Data analysis involves qualitative descriptive analysis techniques and descriptive statistics, including evaluation of validation results by experts and analysis of teacher responses. The results of the research show that teaching materials from the material aspect have an average Aiken's V value of 0.90 (Very Valid). In the language aspect of teaching materials, the average Aiken's V value is 0.89 (Very Valid). Teacher responses to teaching materials reached an average percentage of 85.25% (Very Good). Based on the results of this research, it can be concluded that this research has succeeded in developing teaching materials based on the social values ofthe Banjar community to increase students' financial literacy.

Analysis of neoadjuvant chemotherapy utilization, pathologic response, and overall survival in upper tract urothelial carcinoma

IntroductionUpper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) is a rare malignancy with poor prognosis. Radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) remains the standard treatment for high-risk UTUC. Considering the decline in renal function with RNU and results from prospective trials, NAC has emerged as a favored perioperative treatment for chemo-eligible patients with UTUC. However, strong evidence of the efficacy of NAC and predictors for its use are scarce. We aimed to assess trends in NAC utilization and pathologic outcomes and survival with NAC use. MethodsThe National Cancer Database was queried for patients with high-grade cTanyNanyM0 UTUC treated with RNU from 2004-2019. Outcomes included overall survival (OS), pathologic response (pR) and pathologic complete response (pCR), defined as ≤pT1pN0/X and pT0pN0/X, respectively. ResultsOf 6,645 patients treated with RNU, 209 received RNU NAC. Greater distance from treatment facility decreased the likelihood of receiving NAC. Higher cT stages (OR 1.72, p=0.028), cN+ status (OR 7.40, p<0.001) and treatment at an academic facility (OR 2.02, p<0.001) predicted NAC treatment. NAC was associated with 34.0% pR and 5.3% pCR. In multivariable analysis, patients with pR and pCR had improved OS (HR=0.176, p<0.014). ConclusionWe report significant response rates with NAC and improved OS in patients who experienced pR or pCR. Over a 15-year study period, NAC was underutilized, especially in non-academic settings and among patients living farther from care facilities, underscoring the need for improved regionalization and multi-disciplinary approaches in UTUC management. Micro abstractThis study evaluated neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) utilization and outcomes for patients with upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) in the National Cancer Database. NAC was underutilized, especially for patients at farther, non-academic centers. NAC use was associated with 5.3% pathologic complete response and improved overall survival in responders. Our findings support NAC benefits and reveal disparities in its use for UTUC.

The Feel of Peace: Noise Pollution and the Sovereignty of Wind

Abstract: This essay analyzes the interconnected struggles of US military occupation in Okinawa and Hawai'i through analysis of noise pollution, aircraft crashes, and community responses to these issues. While the violence of airbases transforms air into a space of violence, I turn to the ways that Okinawan and Hawaiian communities articulate their respective sovereignties through the wind. I read legal testimonies from the first noise pollution lawsuit in Okinawa and community testimonies from across O'ahu, putting them in conversation with poetry by Nakazato Yūgō and Brandy Nālani McDougall. Against military reports that implicate wind as a threat which facilitates aircraft accidents and death, the testimony and poetry elucidate how wind builds relation and enables the preservation of intergenerational memory. This archive challenges state formulations of "resolution" by elucidating how deeper histories than the state has considered press onto the body, carrying into the present not only historical wounds but also the capacity for their healing. The sovereignty of wind that they put forth marks a renewal of relationships to air and memory at the same time they are organized around radical returns of land, of night, of the body itself.

Single-cell transcriptome analysis of the early immune response in the lymph nodes of Borrelia burgdorferi-infected mice

Lyme borreliosis is a disease caused by Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato bacteria. Borrelia burgdorferi is known to induce prolonged extrafollicular immune responses and abnormal germinal centre formation. The infection fails to generate a neutralizing type of immunity, eventually establishing a persistent infection. Here, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing to characterize the immune landscape of lymph node lymphocytes during the early Borrelia burgdorferi infection in a murine model.Our results indicate key features of an extrafollicular immune response four days after Borrelia burgdorferi infection, including notable B cell proliferation, immunoglobulin class switching to IgG3 and IgG2b isotypes, plasmablast differentiation, and the presence of extrafollicular B cells identified through immunohistochemistry. Additionally, we found infection-derived upregulation of suppressor of cytokine signalling genes Socs1 and Socs3, along with downregulation of genes associated with MHC II antigen presentation in B cells.Our results support the central role of B cells in the immune response of a Borrelia burgdorferi infection, and provide cues of mechanisms behind the determination between extrafollicular and germinal centre responses during Borrelia burgdorferi infection.

P06-01 Cadmium telluride quantum dots induce changes in mouse neural behavior: analysis of inflammatory response from a single-cell transcriptomic perspective

P06-01 Cadmium telluride quantum dots induce changes in mouse neural behavior: analysis of inflammatory response from a single-cell transcriptomic perspective

Analysis of Prefrontal Cortex Responses According to Oxyhemoglobin Concentration Changes in Participants Undertaking Horticultural Activities

This study aimed to investigate the psychophysiological effects of horticultural activities on the prefrontal cortex (PFC) to understand how horticultural activities can influence mental health and cognitive function. This study involved 39 adults with an average age of 54.6 years (±12.5 years) and was conducted in a laboratory setting at Konkuk University. The impact of five different types of horticultural activities—sowing, transplanting, planting, harvesting, and packaging—on PFC oxyhemoglobin (oxy-HB) concentrations was assessed. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) was used to measure oxy-HB levels in the PFC while participants engaged in each activity for 90 seconds. The results indicated that the overall PFC oxy-HB concentration was at its lowest during planting and at its highest during sowing (P &lt; 0.001). In the right PFC, oxy-HB was also at its lowest during planting and at its highest during sowing (P &lt; 0.01). In the left PFC, the lowest oxy-HB concentrations were observed during both planting and harvesting, whereas the highest oxy-HB concentrations were observed during transplanting and sowing (P &lt; 0.001). Additionally, sex-based differences were noted, with females showing significantly lower oxy-HB concentrations during sowing (P &lt; 0.05) and transplanting (P &lt; 0.01) than those of males. These findings suggested that psychophysiological responses, as indicated by oxy-HB concentrations, vary depending on the type of horticultural activity and by sex.

Mantis: High-throughput 4D imaging and analysis of the molecular and physical architecture of cells.

High-throughput dynamic imaging of cells and organelles is essential for understanding complex cellular responses. We report Mantis, a high-throughput 4D microscope that integrates two complementary, gentle, live-cell imaging technologies: remote-refocus label-free microscopy and oblique light-sheet fluorescence microscopy. Additionally, we report shrimPy (Smart High-throughput Robust Imaging and Measurement in Python), an open-source software for high-throughput imaging, deconvolution, and single-cell phenotyping of 4D data. Using Mantis and shrimPy, we achieved high-content correlative imaging of molecular dynamics and the physical architecture of 20 cell lines every 15 min over 7.5 h. This platform also facilitated detailed measurements of the impacts of viral infection on the architecture of host cells and host proteins. The Mantis platform can enable high-throughput profiling of intracellular dynamics, long-term imaging and analysis of cellular responses to perturbations, and live-cell optical screens to dissect gene regulatory networks.

The adaptive and innate immune systems coordinate for successful control of CMV infection

Previous studies of the immune control of cytomegalovirus infection have primarily focused on analysis of the traditional adaptive T-cell response. Donadeu etal. bring a new perspective through evaluation of multiple adaptive and innate immune subtypes in parallel with cytomegalovirus-specific cell-mediated immunity in a prospective cohort of kidney transplant recipients with findings validated in 2 independent studies. Identification of a natural killer T-cell subtype associated with cell-mediated immunity and freedom from cytomegalovirus infection demonstrates the importance of the coordinated innate and adaptive immune response for effective viral control.

1966MO EV-302: Exploratory analysis of nectin-4 expression and response to 1L enfortumab vedotin (EV) + pembrolizumab (P) in previously untreated locally advanced or metastatic urothelial cancer (la/mUC)

1966MO EV-302: Exploratory analysis of nectin-4 expression and response to 1L enfortumab vedotin (EV) + pembrolizumab (P) in previously untreated locally advanced or metastatic urothelial cancer (la/mUC)

Analysis of plant physiological responses based on leaf color changes through the development and application of a wireless plant sensor device

Analysis of plant physiological responses based on leaf color changes through the development and application of a wireless plant sensor device

Successes and Shortcomings of COVID-19 Vaccine Access for Older Americans.

To understand perceived facilitators and barriers older adults experienced in accessing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines. An electronic survey was distributed to older adults and those familiar with experiences of older adults accessing COVID-19 vaccines. Analysis included descriptive statistics and directed content analysis of open-ended responses, guided by the National Institute on Aging Health Disparities Research Framework. Most participants (n = 294) identified as White (79.5%), 33.8% identified as Hispanic, 8.1% identified as Black, and 12.4% identified as Other. Two thirds of respondents were male (68.6%), and the median age was 67 years. Five key themes emerged: Availability and Accessibility, Information, Cost, Safety and Side Effects, and Sense of Security. Barriers and facilitators to accessing COVID-19 vaccines for older populations paralleled those seen in other demographics. Similar needs likely exist for access to other vaccines and health care in general. Vaccine rollouts, particularly in public health emergencies, must be carried out with care and an awareness of the barriers faced by vulnerable groups. [Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 50(9), 12-17.].

Multiphysics analysis of mechanical responses in micro-reactors under varied operating conditions

Micro-reactors are a promising alternative for power production applications where traditional methods may not be feasible (e.g., space missions). Their design requires critical selection of materials, especially for moderator and fuel, to ensure long-term operation and optimal performance. This research focuses on developing computational analysis models for micro-reactors, aiming to explore their structural behavior under thermal and mechanical loadings. The micro-reactor model is based on the Zero Energy Breeder Reactor Assembly (Zebra) Kilowatt (kW) reactor design conceptualized at Los Alamos National Laboratory. This study investigates the thermal and mechanical responses of three distinct reactor models considering factors, such as boundary conditions, material properties, and thermal-mechanical loading. In this study, Beryllium Oxide (BeO), Beryllium (Be), Aluminum Oxide (Al2O3), and Magnesium Oxide (MgO) are chosen as materials for the reflector. Yttrium Hydride (YH) and Zirconium Hydride (ZH) are chosen as moderators. Uranium Nitride (UN) and Uranium Molybdenum (UMo) are chosen as reactor fuel materials. The thermal analysis predicts the deformation due to the thermal expansion within the reactor under steady operating conditions at 25 kWth, mimicking the maximum rated power of the Zebra kW design. The mechanical study simulates the system's response to forced vibration loads applied along the cooling channels, matching the natural frequency of the system. The results from both analyses show that Beryllium Oxide, Yttrium Hydride, and Uranium Nitride demonstrate the most optimal stress distribution in the system compared to other configurations investigated here. The results of this study can be developed into datasets to facilitate future machine learning studies, enabling the prediction of mechanical and thermal responses for micro-reactors.

Comparative dynamic analysis for a ventilated brake disk

Abstract The paper presents a comprehensive dynamic analysis of the ventilated brake disc that fitted on the braking system of a car. There were taken into account several variants of material for the brake disc, determining the own modes of vibrations and also there was performed a frequency response calculation that allows us to estimate the dynamic behavior of the constructive variants, with direct influences on the noises and vibration (NVH). The analysis of the frequency response consists in the validation of the structures in relation to a vibration level in order not to ensure that the frequency response is not too high during a forced stress. Thus was calculated the inertia that characterizes the dynamic rigidity of the analyzed models at certain points, according to the specified directions. The finite element method was used as the calculation method, and CATIA V5 was used as the application, both for modeling and analysis. The CATIA application is an easy environment and already familiar to designers, so it can be used successfully in making preliminary calculations on estimating dynamic behavior in some models used in new projects.

“ChatGPT Seems Too Good to be True”: College Students’ Use and Perceptions of Generative AI

This study investigates how U.S. college students (N=1001) perceive and use ChatGPT, exploring its relationship with societal structures and student characteristics. Regression results show that gender, age, major, institution type, and institutional policy significantly influenced ChatGPT use for general, writing, and programming tasks. Students in their 30s to 40s were more likely to use ChatGPT frequently than younger students. Non-native English speakers were more likely than native speakers to use ChatGPT frequently for writing, suggesting its potential as a support tool for language learners. Institutional policies allowing ChatGPT use predicted higher use of ChatGPT. Thematic analysis and natural language processing of open-ended responses revealed varied attitudes towards ChatGPT, with some fearing institutional punishment for using ChatGPT and others confident in their appropriate use of ChatGPT. Computer science majors expressed concerns about job displacement due to the advent of generative AI. Higher-income students generally viewed ChatGPT more positively than their lower-income counterparts. Our research underscores how technology can both empower and marginalize within educational settings; we advocate for equitable integration of AI in academic environments for diverse students.

Physiological and differential protein expression analyses of the calcium stress response in the Drynaria roosii rhizome

Physiological and differential protein expression analyses of the calcium stress response in the Drynaria roosii rhizome

Chromogenic Probes Featuring Hydroxyethyl Acetate as Metal Ion Binding Site: Selective Dual-Mode Response and Quantitative Analysis of Ag+ at Micellar Interface

Chromogenic Probes Featuring Hydroxyethyl Acetate as Metal Ion Binding Site: Selective Dual-Mode Response and Quantitative Analysis of Ag+ at Micellar Interface

625. PHASE II TRIAL OF INDUCTION CHEMOTHERAPY FOLLOWED BY CHEMORADIATION AND MINIMALLY INVASIVE SURGERY FOR LOCALLY ADVANCED CARCINOMA OF THE ESOPHAGUS

Abstract Background Most patients with esophageal cancer (EC) present locally advanced disease. Currently, multimodal strategies as neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy or perioperative chemotherapy are employed, but still have high local and distant failures rates. This study evaluated the results of a phase II protocol with induction chemotherapy (IC) and concurrent chemoradiation (CR) before surgery for locally advanced carcinoma of the esophagus and esophagogastric junction (EGJ). The primary end point was to evaluate pathological complete remission (PCR) rate at surgical specimen. A PCR ≥ 30% was considered promising for further study. Methods Patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) or adenocarcinoma (AC) of the thoracic esophagus and JEG, clinical stage T1b-3, N0-2, M0, PS 0-2, underwent two cycles of IC with carboplatin and paclitaxel followed by CR with the same agents and minimally invasive esophagectomy. At the screening, 14 days after the first cycle of IC and 6-8 weeks after the CR, metabolic responses were accessed by PET-CT and classified according the PERCIST criteria. Results One hundred and twenty-nine patients were accrued from January 2017 to April 2023. Forty-seven patients started the trial and 45 completed the neoadjuvant part of the protocol. Most patients were male (73.3%), the median age of was 55 years and AC was the most prevalent histological subtype (53.3%). Grade 3/4 toxicity during IC were infrequent and included neutropenia (12.5%), anemia (6.2%) and dysphagia (10.4%). Lymphopenia (10.7%) and dysphagia (6.5%) were the most common grade 3/4 toxicity during CR. All cases received the full radiotherapy dose of 45 Gy by IMRT technique. Thirty-seven patients underwent surgery and 31 had minimally invasive MacKeown esophagectomy with complete tumor resection (R0). Sixty-four percent of all included patients completed the neoadjuvant therapy and survived for 30 days after surgery. The most prevalent postoperative complications were anastomotic fistula (29%) and pneumonia (19%). Median hospital stay was 12 (7-56) days. Six patients (19.3%) had major postoperative morbidity (Clavien-Dindo ≥ IIIb), 4 were reoperated and one (3.2%) died during hospitalization. The median number of lymph nodes retrieved was 24. Eleven patients (33.5%) had pathological positive lymph nodes. The overall pathological complete response rate was 25.8%, 41.8% for SCC and 15.8% for AC. The early metabolic evaluation by PERCIST showed that 2 cases (4.4%) had progressive disease (PD), 26 (57.7%) stable disease (SD), 15 (33.3%) partial response (PR) and 2 (4.4%) complete response (CR). All the CR were SCC. The late metabolic response analysis showed that 1 (2.4%) patient had PD, 6 (14.6%) SD, 23 (56%) PR and 11 (27%) CR. On the basis of an intention-to-treat analysis, the median overall survival was 31.4 months, whereas the five-year overall survival was 31.2%. After curative surgery, 12 patients had recurrence disease. Six (19%) patients had recurrences at distant sites, 4 (12.9%) had loco-regional recurrence and 2 (6.4%) had both patterns. Conclusion This intensified neoadjuvant regimen was efficacious and safe in patients with locally advanced EC, but failed to reach the defined efficacy goal for further investigation, especially for AC.

Dynamics-based protein network features accurately discriminate neutral and rheostat positions

In some proteins, a unique class of non-conserved positions is characterized by their ability to generate diverse functional outcomes through single amino acid substitutions. Due to their ability to tune protein function, accurately identifying such “rheostat” positions is crucial for protein design, for understanding the impact of mutations observed in humans, and for predicting the evolution of pathogen drug resistance. However, identifying rheostat positions has been challenging, due – in part – to the absence of a clear structural relationship with binding sites. In this study, experimental data from our prior study of the E. coli lactose repressor protein (LacI) was used to identify rheostat positions for which mutations tune in vivo EC50 for the allosteric ligand “IPTG”. We next used the rheostat assignments to test the hypothesis that rheostat positions have unique dynamic features that will enable their identification. To that end, we integrated all-atom molecular dynamics simulations with perturbation residue response analysis. Results first revealed distinct dynamic behavior in IPTG-bound LacI as compared to apo LacI that was consistent with IPTG's role as an allosteric inducer. Next, we used a variety of dynamic features to build a classification model that discriminates experimentally-characterized rheostat positions in LacI from postions with other types of substitution outcomes. In parallel, we built a second classifier model based on the 3-D structural “static” network features of LacI. In comparative studies, the dynamic model better identified rheostat positions that were >8 Å from the binding site. In summary, our study provides insights into the dynamic characteristics of rheostat positions and suggests that models built on dynamic features may be useful for predicting the locations of rheostat positions in a wide range of proteins.

Deterministic analysis of stochastic FHN systems based on Gaussian decoupling

This paper systematically explores the deterministic characteristics of FitzHugh-Nagumo (FHN) systems’ response to synaptic noise in statistical sense. With the help of Gauss decoupling approximation, two substitute systems of FHN systems’ response to synaptic noise are established by ignoring the cumulants higher than the second order, and the feasibilities of using the substitute systems for response analysis are demonstrated through error analysis. Then, the deterministic analyses of FHN systems with synaptic noise are carried out by means of the two substitute systems. Numerical results show that whether it is the neuronal system or the network system, the synaptic noise can effectively regulate its dynamics, and induce the mode transitions of discharge activity. Based on the class II excitability of FHN neurons, the system activity has a nonlinear dependence on the noise parameter and the other variables of interest. Particularly, the synaptic noise not only makes the neuronal system transition from low-level to high-level narrow-amplitude oscillation by competing with the input signal, but also contributes to the response or detection of this system to weak input signals. This study reveals the deterministic characteristics of FHN systems with synaptic noise, which can provide a reference for the large-scale analysis.