Analysis Of Literature Research Articles

Bibliometric and visual study of narcolepsy from 2000 to 2023

BACKGROUND More studies explored the prevalence, causes, associated conditions, and therapeutic strategies of narcolepsy. With an increasing focus on understanding narcolepsy’s prevalence, associated conditions, and therapeutic strategies, there’s a notable absence of bibliometric analyses summarizing trends in research and identifying emerging areas of focus within this field. AIM To conduct a bibliometric analysis to investigate the current status and frontiers of narcolepsy. METHODS The documents related to narcolepsy are obtained from the Web of Science Core Collection database (WoSCC) from January 1st, 2000, to December 31th, 2023, and VOS viewer 1.6.16, and the WoSCC’s literature analysis wire were used to conduct the bibliometric analysis. RESULTS A total of 4672 publications related to narcolepsy were included, and 16182 authors across 4397 institutions and 96 countries/regions contributed to these documents in 1131 different journals. The most productive author, institution, country and journal were Yves Dauvilliers, Stanford University, United States, and Sleep Medicine, respectively. The first high-cited document was published in Nature in 2005 by Saper et al , and this research underscores the role of certain neurons in ensuring the stability of sleep-wake transitions, offering insights into narcolepsy’s pathophysiology. CONCLUSION In conclusion, the main research hotspots and frontiers in the field of narcolepsy are the diagnosis of narcolepsy, pathological mechanism of narcolepsy and the treatment of narcolepsy. More studies are needed to explore effective strategies for the diagnosis and treatment of narcolepsy.

West Nile Virus: An Update Focusing on Southern Europe

West Nile Virus (WNV) is a zoonotic, vector-borne pathogen affecting humans and animals, particularly in Europe. The virus is primarily transmitted through mosquitoes that infect birds, which serve as the main reservoirs. Humans and horses are incidental hosts. This review focuses on the epidemiology of WNV in southern Europe, particularly its increasing prevalence. Methods included an extensive literature review and analysis of recent outbreaks. WNV is largely asymptomatic in humans, but a small percentage can develop West Nile neuroinvasive disease (WNND), leading to severe neurological symptoms and fatalities. Horses can also suffer from neurological complications, with high mortality rates. Climate change, migratory birds, and mosquito population dynamics contribute to the virus spread across Europe. Control efforts focus on vector management, and while vaccines are available for horses, none has been approved for humans. Surveillance, particularly of bird and mosquito populations, and further research into the virus molecular structure are crucial for understanding and mitigating future outbreaks.

The Role of Lifelong Learning in Labour Market Competitiveness

Technological advancements and global economic shifts increasingly necessitate lifelong learning to adapt to dynamic labor market conditions. This study aims to investigate the role of lifelong learning in enhancing labor market competitiveness, professional development, and societal progress, while integrating the principles of the circular economy to highlight sustainable education practices. The research focuses on how continuous skill development fosters resilience and adaptability among workers and supports resource efficiency and sustainability goals. A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining primary and secondary data. The primary research included qualitative interviews with individuals who successfully transitioned through retraining, as well as a quantitative survey targeting employed adults. These methods provided comprehensive insights into the motivations, challenges, and outcomes of lifelong learning. Secondary research involved an extensive literature review and analysis of relevant statistical data to contextualize the findings. The results emphasize the critical importance of lifelong learning in mitigating barriers to employability, such as skill obsolescence and labor market disruptions. The study reveals that integrating circular economy principles into education fosters resource-conscious decision-making and equips workers with the competencies required for sustainable development. Despite obstacles like limited time and financial constraints, participants consistently reported enhanced professional value, increased employability, and greater personal fulfillment through lifelong learning. The added value of this research lies in its interdisciplinary approach, bridging human resource development and sustainability. By linking lifelong learning with the circular economy, the study provides actionable insights for policymakers, educators, and businesses aiming to create a resilient, innovative, and sustainable workforce. This alignment supports not only individual career advancement but also broader societal and environmental goals, contributing to long-term economic growth and stability.

Comparing the contents of outcome measures in upper-limb amputation using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health: A systematic review.

The International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) provides a universal framework for assessing the functioning of any person. To facilitate the application of the ICF in practice, ICF core sets are being developed. This study is part of a project intended to develop an ICF core set for upper-limb amputation (ULA) and aims to identify relevant concepts included in the outcome measurements used in studies of ULA. Articles involving ULA aged 18 years or older from January 2011 to December 2021 were searched on Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, SPORTdiscus, and Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online. We included studies with particular designs (randomized controlled trials, before/after studies, cross-sectional studies, and longitudinal observational studies) and published in English. Relevant concepts were extracted from measurements and linked to the ICF using linking rules, and a frequency analysis was conducted. Sixty-one of the 1272 identified publications were included, from which 86 measurements were extracted. Concepts extracted from measurements were linked to 129 ICF categories. Three hundred twenty-six (29.23%) of the 1115 concepts were related to body functions, 643 (57.66%) to activity and participation, 96 (8.60%) to environmental factors, 19 (1.70%) to body structures, and 6 (0.53%) to personal factors. Twenty-five (2.24%) were characterized as "nd-not definable." "Fifty-four" categories identified in at least 5% of the publications will be considered for inclusion in the final ICF core set for ULA during the consensus conference. This review provides information about the content of measures, and the identified ICF categories reveal the research perspective for developing an ICF core set for ULA.

PROTOCOLO DE PREVENÇÃO E TRATAMENTO DA OSTEORRADIONECROSE EM PACIENTES COM CÂNCER DE CABEÇA E PESCOÇO

INTRODUCTION: Osteoradionecrosis (ORN) is a severe and debilitating complication that can occur in patients undergoing radiotherapy to treat head and neck cancers. Characterized by bone necrosis associated with radiation exposure, ORN results in chronic pain, persistent infections and, in severe cases, pathological fractures and disfigurement. Dental intervention plays a crucial role in both the prevention and treatment of ORN. Pre-radiotherapy dental assessment, including preventive dental procedures and the removal of compromised teeth, is essential to reduce the risk of ORN. During and after radiotherapy, continuous dental monitoring, strict maintenance of oral hygiene and the use of adjuvant therapies, such as hyperbaric oxygen therapy, are essential to minimize the risk of developing ORN. Modern radiotherapy techniques, such as intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT), have been shown to be effective in reducing the radiation dose to healthy tissues, reducing the incidence of ORN. Collaboration between oncologists, dental surgeons and other health professionals is crucial for the effective management of osteoradionecrosis. Early identification of signs and symptoms allows for faster interventions and improves the patient's prognosis. In addition, continuous patient education on oral care is essential for long-term prevention. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to contribute to a better understanding of current practices and to the development of more effective approaches to the management of osteoradionecrosis, emphasizing the importance of the dental surgeon's role in the multidisciplinary team. MATERIAL AND METHOD: This is a literature review, which looked at articles published in the Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (Medline/Pubmed) and Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scielo) databases. Terms such as: "Dentistry"; "Osteoradionecrosis"; "Cancer"; "Head and neck cancer"; "Treatment protocols" were used, covering the period from 2019 to 2023. Ro 2023, resulting in a total of 35 articles using the Qualis Periódicos evaluation criteria. RESULTS: Based on the data collected, it is possible to observe that the dental surgeon has the role of minimizing or even combating the progression of oral diseases that spread the evolution of ORN, through appropriate oral hygiene guidance that precedes the start of radiotherapy. Prior dental practice is of great importance so as not to compromise the methodology of the cancer treatment prescribed to the patient. CONCLUSION: The researched studies show that the dental surgeon, as a member of the oncology team, should work early in radiotherapy, with the aim of reducing the progression of the disease through oral hygiene guidance, periodic visits to the dentist, avoiding the progression of periodontal diseases and exodontia during the period of radiotherapy treatment. RESULTS: Based on the data collected, it is possible to observe that the dental surgeon has the role of minimizing or even combating the progression of oral diseases that spread the evolution of ORN, through appropriate oral hygiene guidance that precedes the start of radiotherapy. Prior dental practice is of great importance so as not to compromise the methodology of the cancer treatment prescribed to the patient. CONCLUSION: The researched studies show that the dental surgeon, as a member of the oncology team, should work early in radiotherapy, with the aim of reducing the progression of the disease through oral hygiene guidance, periodic visits to the dentist, avoiding the progression of periodontal diseases and exodontia during the period of radiotherapy treatment.

RESEARCH ON DIGITAL LITERACY ENHANCEMENT OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION TEACHERS

In the context of digital transformation, enhancing physical education teachers' digital literacy has become a crucial task in educational development. This study employs methods including literature analysis and case studies to systematically explore the theoretical foundation, practical challenges, and development strategies for improving physical education teachers' digital literacy. The research finds that physical education teachers' digital literacy is a multi-dimensional conceptual system, encompassing digital technology knowledge and skills, teaching design and assessment capabilities, the ability to integrate educational theory with physical education knowledge, and learning and self-development capabilities. The study reveals that current efforts to enhance physical education teachers' digital literacy face challenges such as uneven resource allocation, incomplete training systems, and lack of assessment mechanisms. To address these issues, this research proposes systematic solutions including constructing digital curriculum training systems, integrating and developing educational resources, optimizing digital teaching environments and assessment systems, and strengthening faculty development. The research findings have significant theoretical and practical value for promoting the informatization of physical education and enhancing physical education teachers' digital literacy levels. KEYWORDS: physical education teachers; digital literacy; teacher training; digital teaching; education modernization

Guerrilla advertising cases study in public transport

Guerrilla marketing in public transport is distinguished by the fact that it usually avoids traditional advertising methods such as television commercials or newspaper ads. Guerrilla campaigns in public transport focus on creative tactics to surprise the public and generate buzz about the brand. These campaigns often use non-traditional methods to draw attention to the brand in question. Guerrilla campaigns can be useful for businesses looking to gain an edge over their competitors. The partisan campaigns tend to get more media attention than traditional methods because they are seen as new or unexpected. These campaigns can create excitement and anticipation for your product or service, which can help increase sales. The subject of this paper is a case study of Guerrilla advertising in public transport. The aim of the paper is to assess the usefulness of Guerrilla advertising in promoting the attractiveness of public transport. The paper discusses the analysis of scientific literature, presents the Guerrilla marketing concept, type and tools, advantages and disadvantages. Traditional and Guerrilla marketing, research methodology comprising case study and quantitative research method, based on the results of the analysis of the scientific literature and the result of the research suggestions are made. Cases of partisan marketing in public transport are rarely studied in the scientific literature.

IOT IN CONTAINER SHIPPING INDUSTRY: APPLICATIONS AND EXAMPLES OF SOLUTIONS

The study analyzes the participation of technologies related to the development of the Internet of Things (IoT) network concept in the intermodal container transportation system. Since the beginning of the XXI century, IoT-related technologies have been dynamically spreading in almost all areas of international business, and this has changed the understanding of cargo owners about the quality of transportation services, among other things. Since transparency in monitoring the location of high-value goods is extremely important for transport companies, cargo owners, and all other stakeholders, and the intermodal transportation system is extremely complex due to the number and diversity of communications, the need to use IoT is obvious. As analysts predict that the introduction of IoT technologies in containerization will become widespread in the coming years, a study to assess the level of research on the introduction of such technologies and implementation in the practical activities of transport enterprises is relevant. The aim of the proposed review is to determine the degree of IoT implementation in the container transportation industry, areas of research on the topic, and identify factors that may impede the predicted rapid development of IoT in containerization. The proposed study includes an analysis of scientific publications related to the use of the Internet of Things in the field of international container transportation, identifies the main priority areas of such publications, establishes the areas of current implementation of IoT technology and determines the prospects for its use. Since the solutions that can potentially be obtained with the help of IoT are quite heterogeneous, the literature analysis is organized by grouping such publications into the following areas: container monitoring and tracking, enhancing supply chain transparency and visibility, optimization of operational efficiency, security and risk management, environmental impact and sustainability, challenges and barriers. The paper provides examples of online platforms and applications currently offered by major container operators that are related to this technology.

Alloantibody Identification: The Importance of Temperature, Strength Reaction and Enzymes—A Practical Approach

Red blood cell (RBC) alloimmunization and antibodies formation against non-self antigens on red cells may occur after blood transfusion, pregnancies or other exposures. The RBC alloimmunization rate varies from 2% to 6% according to recent studies. The antibody screen is performed to identify or confirm the presence of antibodies in patient’s serum or plasma, as a preoperative or pretransfusion test. The antibody identification process and major crossmatch are critical steps of risk management in transfusion medicine. The aim of this article is to describe a flow chart of the antibody identification. I report three educational examples of case studies associated with the negative direct antiglobulin test and clinically significant single and multiple alloantibodies using the gel method, Anti-M, Anti-c and Anti-E, Anti-Jka and Anti-s. Furthermore, I provide a critical analysis of the current literature on the topic. The flow chart of the antibody identification may simplify the process and possibly reduce errors in routine workflow.

Improving Human Resource Quality as a Key to Harmonizing Law Enforcement in Military Judicial Environment

Law enforcement in the military justice environment in Indonesia faces unique challenges, including legal gaps and inadequate quality of human resources (HR). This impacts the effectiveness of law enforcement and justice for members of the TNI. This research aims to explore the barriers to law enforcement in military courts and provide recommendations to improve the quality of human resources and the effectiveness of law enforcement. The research method used is normative legal research with statutory and conceptual approaches. Data collection was conducted through literature study and analysis of relevant legal documents. The results showed that there were several obstacles, including the lack of clear regulations, lack of qualified human resources, and disharmony between the military and general courts. Although legal procedures exist, their implementation is often hampered by lengthy bureaucracy and a lack of training for military legal personnel. This research recommends improved education and training, competency-based recruitment, and the development of an information management system for law enforcement efficiency. To improve the effectiveness of law enforcement in military courts, structural and substantial reforms need to be carried out, including improving the quality of human resources and harmonization between the military and general justice systems. These efforts are expected to create a justice system that is more responsive and accountable to the needs of society.

A Comprehensive Review and Future Perspectives of Simulation Approaches in Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM)

Abstract Wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) has emerged as a promising technique for producing large-scale metal components, favoured by high deposition rates, flexibility and low cost. Despite its potential, the complexity of WAAM processes, which involves intricate thermal dynamics, phase transitions, and metallurgical, mechanical, and chemical interactions, presents considerable challenges in final product qualities. Simulation technologies in WAAM have proven invaluable, providing accurate predictions in key areas such as material properties, defect identification, deposit morphology, and residual stress. These predictions play a critical role in optimizing manufacturing strategies for the final product. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the simulation techniques applied in WAAM, tracing developments from 2013 to 2023. Initially, it analyzes the current challenges faced by simulation methods in three main areas. Subsequently, the review explores the current modelling approaches and the applications of these simulations. Following this, the paper discusses the present state of WAAM simulation, identifying specific issues inherent to WAAM simulation itself. Finally, through a thorough review of existing literature and related analysis, the paper offers future perspectives on potential advancements in WAAM simulation strategies.

Knowledge Map of Learner characteristics in Blended Learning: A Bibliometric Analysis

The study of learner characteristics in blended learning has consistently emerged as a central theme in the global discourse on blended learning, and occupies a central position in research in international fields of education and psychology. The aim of this study is to explore the research focal points, trends, and cutting-edge developments related to learner characteristics in blended learning. CiteSpace was used to visually analyse 2,672 high-quality literature articles related to learner characteristics in blended learning in the Web of Science database spanning from 2014 to 2023. The data obtained from the Web of Science database includes titles, abstracts, years, keywords, authors, academic institutions, journals, and citation counts. To facilitate visualization, we employed CiteSpace visualization software for literature analyses, knowledge mapping, collaborative network analyses, cluster analyses and keyword bursts. A total of 2672 articles related to learner characteristics in blended learning were identified. The highest number of articles were published in the United States (400 papers), followed by China (396 papers) and Australia (247 papers). The most commonly occurring keywords were 'higher education', 'engagement', 'performance', 'satisfaction', and 'online learning'.

A Literature Analysis of Coastal Zone Carbon Cycle Research Based on Knowledge Graphs

This paper conducts a comprehensive literature analysis of coastal zone carbon cycle research utilizing CiteSpace software to visualize the intellectual structure and evolution of the field from 1999 to 2025. The study categorizes various coastal ecosystems into 12 groups, examining 12,460 documents sourced from the Web of Science databases. The analysis reveals publication dynamics, identifies key publication types, and maps the research topics and cooperation network of participating countries, with a particular focus on the United States and China as leading contributors. The paper also highlights influential authors and thematic clusters within the literature, such as dissolved organic matter, blue carbon, and ocean acidification. The analysis provides a systematic overview of the coastal carbon cycle research field, informing future research directions and policy decisions related to coastal carbon management and climate change mitigation strategies. The study concludes that while significant advancements have been made, there are still considerable gaps and challenges that need to be addressed, emphasizing the potential of coastal ecosystems in mitigating climate change and promoting sustainable development.

Identity Politics and Polarization in Contemporary Muslim Countries: The Impact of Elections, Social Media, and Global Dynamics

This article examines the growing influence of identity politics and polarization in contemporary Muslim countries, focusing on the impact of elections, the widespread role of social media, and global dynamics. As political systems in the Muslim world become more fragmented, identity-based movements—often rooted in ethnic, religious, or sectarian affiliations—have gained significant prominence. These dynamics have heightened political polarization when intertwined with electoral processes, shaping voter behaviour and policymaking. The rise of social media has further transformed political engagement, both as a platform for grassroots activism and a tool for spreading misinformation that deepens societal divisions. This research uses a qualitative approach with literature analysis to explore the relationship between identity politics and polarization in contemporary Muslim countries, focusing on elections, social media, and global dynamics. The findings highlight the urgent need for effective strategies to reduce polarization and promote inclusive governance. Often fueled by identity-based divisions and amplified by social media, polarisation poses serious threats to political and social stability. In today's interconnected world, these divisions extend beyond local and national politics, influencing international relations and regional security. Addressing these challenges requires a comprehensive approach that fosters open dialogue, strengthens democratic institutions, counters misinformation, and raises public awareness to bridge societal gaps. Inclusive governance also demands policies that engage marginalized groups, ensuring fair representation and addressing the root causes of polarization. By adopting these measures, Muslim-majority countries can work toward more excellent political stability and social cohesion.

Crafting an urban restorative model from bibliometric analysis of neuro-urbanism literature

PurposeNeuro-urbanism is an emerging field focused on addressing global urban challenges by examining the impact of urban living on stress levels and mental well-being. The restorative environment approach has been widely applied to measure stress and mental health outcomes. Although there is a recognised relationship between neuro-urbanism and restorative environments, further exploration of literature is needed. This paper aims to propose a conceptual urban restorative model that leverages neuro-urbanism to explore the potential of various urban space typologies and their associated urban design qualities in fostering restorative environments.Design/methodology/approachThis review article utilised VOSviewer to conduct a bibliometric analysis of data from Scopus and PubMed, focusing on neuro-urbanism and restorative environments. Our study explored the intersection of neuroscience and urbanism in designing environments that enhance mental well-being by mapping keyword co-occurrences and analysing citation networks. It identified research clusters, emerging trends and literature gaps, offering a detailed overview of how these fields intersect and influence each other.FindingsOur findings have revealed significant links between these fields, paving the way for the proposed restorative model. This model, derived from the literature, outlines the types of restorative environments, managing domains and theories integrating intangible and tangible urban design qualities using features and variables.Research limitations/implicationsThis study has limitations, as the proposed urban restorative model was developed using data from a literature review of databases such as Scopus and PubMed without testing its application in a real-world case study. Nevertheless, the urban restorative model provides valuable insights that can support urban designers, planners and public health organisations in evaluating restorative environments, which may enhance mental well-being and reduce stress in urban settings.Originality/valueThis research contributes to the broader understanding of how urban design can influence mental well-being and provides actionable keys for improving the quality of life in urban settings.

Barriers and facilitators in nurse prescribing practices: a protocol for qualitative meta-synthesis from nurses’ perspectives

IntroductionWith the development of the medical system and the diversification of patient needs, nurse practitioners (NPs) play an increasingly important role in medical practice, assuming more responsibilities and powers, including...

Pendekatan Manajemen Modern Strategi Efektif untuk Meningkatkan Produktivitas Tim

This research discusses effective strategies for increasing team productivity through modern management approaches. In an increasingly complex and dynamic era, organizations are faced with the challenge of maximizing team performance to remain competitive. This research identifies various management methods that can be applied to create a more productive and collaborative work environment. Through case studies and literature analysis, we explore techniques such as open communication, efficient time management, and the application of digital technologies in team collaboration. The research results show that an inclusive and adaptive management approach contributes significantly to increasing team member motivation and engagement. Methods such as Agile and a results-based approach have been proven to significantly increase productivity and job satisfaction. By involving team members in the decision-making process and providing constructive feedback, organizations can build a positive and innovative work culture. This not only encourages creativity, but also creates a sense of belonging among employees. This research concludes that modern management strategies that focus on collaboration, effective communication and the use of technology can be the key to increasing team productivity. It is hoped that these findings can provide guidance for organizational leaders in formulating managerial policies that are more effective and responsive to team needs in the future. This research also invites further discussion about the importance of management adaptation in facing changing work dynamics and evolving challenges.

Using the Work Ability Index (WAI) to assess the possibility of returning to the profession after treatment

The use of the index of working capacity in medicine and occupational safety makes it possible to assess the individual working capacity of workers, to predict the possibility of retaining workers in the profession. A survey using the ability to work index helps to identify personnel who have an increased risk of dismissal and absence from work related to health and poor work results. Various pathological conditions can take an employee out of work for different periods, but it is extremely important to understand whether it is possible to preserve the employee's specialty and the prospects for his socialization. The disease changes not only the physical, but also the psycho-emotional state of the employee. The authors presented an analysis of modern scientific literature on the international experience of using the ability to work index to predict the possibility of returning to work in the specialty after treatment of diseases, rehabilitation. The work ability index can be used as a criterion for the effectiveness of treatment and rehabilitation after illness and subsequent employment. The link between quality of life and returning to work is of great importance. The ability to work of employees with various diseases, who have received different types of treatment, including surgical interventions, chemoradiotherapy and returned to work, is reduced compared with healthy employees. Recovery depends on the stage of the disease, the type of treatment and concomitant pathology. The risk of early retirement increases in the first years after cancer treatment. Professional rehabilitation promotes the fullest integration of an employee into society through professional self-realization.

An Overview of the Evolution in the Research Landscape of Green Finance

Driven by growing demands for environmental protection and sustainable development, green finance has gained increasing attention, evolving from a peripheral topic to a core research area. Research in green finance primarily focuses on financial products, services, and policies, analyzing their impacts on society, markets, and listed companies. Through a systematic literature screening and analysis process, this study reviewed the existing body of literature on green finance, with a particular emphasis on key areas such as green financing, green financial technology, green financial products and derivatives, green building, financial reform and innovation in green finance, and carbon trading markets. Using keywords such as “green finance”, “green insurance”, “green securities”, and “green investment”, we identified 15,487 relevant publications from 2014 to 2023 across multiple databases. We then applied Latent Semantic Indexing (LSI) to cluster these documents, identifying core subfields and conducting a detailed bibliometric analysis. Our results reveal a geographic shift in green finance research prominence from the U.S. to China, with a thematic shift from green building and energy efficiency to green bonds and climate finance. Through our analysis, we provide policy recommendations informed by these findings. This study’s unique contribution lies in its systematic extension of bibliometric analysis into emerging subfields of green finance, such as green financial technology and carbon trading markets, both of which are becoming increasingly critical. Additionally, this study offers valuable insights into the evolving landscape of green finance research, bridging the gap between academic research and industry practice and providing actionable policy recommendations for stakeholders across different sectors.

Unveiling Travel Patterns and Challenges Considering Mixed Land Use and User Behavior in an Indian City

Transportation and land use are inextricably linked. Travel patterns are influenced by the location, design of new developments, and users’ behavior. In many Tier II cities in India where rapid transit systems are unavailable, such as Vadodara, spatial and transportation planning lack integration with land use. This disconnect neglects user behavior and travel needs, resulting in congestion and pollution as ongoing, reactive challenges rather than being addressed through sustainable and proactive solutions. This research used a triangulation approach incorporating literature analysis, questionnaire surveys, and field observations to enhance the robustness of the results. After a comprehensive analysis, findings were derived from the user behavior, traffic patterns, and field observations for mixed land use. The study revealed a heavy reliance on private vehicles for work trips (53%) despite low satisfaction with sustainable transport options (average rating of 2.8 out of 5). Infrastructure issues, such as disorganized parking and pedestrian safety concerns, exacerbate congestion and pollution. This study recommends a Comprehensive Mobility Plan (C.M.P.) and a land use and transport integration (LUTI) cell to address these issues and promote sustainability. Future research should explore comparative studies, socioeconomic factors, and legal frameworks for sustainable development.