Analysis Of Behavior Research Articles

Karma-related influences on moral obligation and empathy: an ethical perspective

PurposeThis study aims to explore how the three dimensions of karma – karmic duty orientation, indifference to rewards and equanimity – influence empathy and moral obligation, with implications for social economics.Design/methodology/approachThe research was conducted on a valid sample of 401 university students in Vietnam, using hierarchical regression to test formulated hypotheses.FindingsThe analysis reveals that karmic duty orientation and indifference to rewards significantly enhance empathy and moral obligation, indicating that individuals with a strong sense of moral duty and intrinsic motivation are more likely to engage in ethical and pro-social behaviors. Equanimity was not found to impact empathy or moral obligation significantly.Practical implicationsOrganizations and policymakers should focus on cultivating moral duties, intrinsic motivations and resilience in ethical behavior to promote social responsibility and sustainability and ensure long-term social and economic stability.Originality/valueThis study contributes to social economics by integrating ethical dimensions of karma into the analysis of moral behavior, offering a fresh perspective that challenges traditional economic models centered on self-interest. The research provides a comprehensive framework for understanding how moral principles influence economic decisions and social outcomes.Peer reviewThe peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/IJSE-07-2023-0571

Egocentric Behavior Analysis Based on Object Relationship Extraction with Graph Transfer Learning for Cognitive Rehabilitation Support

Recognizing human behavior is essential for early interventions in cognitive rehabilitation, particularly for older adults. Traditional methods often focus on improving third-person vision but overlook the importance of human visual attention during object interactions. This study introduces an egocentric behavior analysis (EBA) framework that uses transfer learning to analyze object relationships. Egocentric vision is used to extract features from hand movements, object detection, and visual attention. These features are then used to validate hand-object interactions (HOI) and describe human activities involving multiple objects. The proposed method employs graph attention networks (GATs) with transfer learning, achieving 97% accuracy in categorizing various activities while reducing computation time. These findings suggest that integrating the EBA with advanced machine learning methods could revolutionize cognitive rehabilitation by offering more personalized and efficient interventions. Future research can explore real-world applications of this approach, potentially improving the quality of life for older adults through better cognitive health monitoring.

Research on Consumer Buying Behavior When Watching Livestreams on Digital Technology Platforms in Vietnam

This study provides a comprehensive analysis of consumer purchasing behavior during livestream sales on digital technology platforms, focusing on psychological and technological factors influencing buying decisions. Using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), the research identifies key relationships between consumer attitudes, trust, perceived behavioral control, subjective norms, and purchase intentions. The findings reveal that consumer attitudes towards livestream sales positively impact purchase intentions, with perceived usefulness, ease of use, and perceived behavioral control contributing significantly to positive attitudes. Conversely, perceived risk does not significantly affect attitudes, indicating its limited role in livestream contexts. Consumer trust also positively affects purchase intentions, influenced by perceived risk, livestreamer reputation, and subjective norms. Purchase intention is a critical predictor of actual buying behavior. The study highlights practical implications for businesses and livestreamers, including improving livestream quality, enhancing user experience, and building consumer trust. Recommendations are provided for both businesses and consumers to optimize livestream sales strategies. The study also outlines limitations, such as the sample size and geographic focus, and suggests future research directions to broaden the understanding of livestream purchasing behavior.

Price and Wage Inflation in Brazil: An Empirical Analysis from 1999 to 2022

ABSTRACT This paper discusses the trajectory of inflation in Brazil after the adoption of the Inflation Targeting Regime, aiming to identify its main determinants from a post-Keynesian approach that points out the relevance of distributional conflict for inflation dynamics. A descriptive analysis of inflation behavior in Brazil is carried out, in which four distinct phases are identified: 1999–2004, 2005–2010, 2011–2015 and 2016 to mid-2022. Changes in the Extended National Consumer Price Index (IPCA) during these phases are explained by three main reasons: (i) imported inflation and exchange rate; (ii) administered prices; and (iii) wage inflation. Thus, it is argued that inflation in Brazil was mostly generated by cost pressures. We estimate Phillips curves that incorporate cost and demand elements in order to identify which of them exerted the greatest influence on the inflation rate as measured by the IPCA. The estimation was performed with Vector Error Correction (VEC) models from March 2013 to January 2022. A complementary model was estimated to investigate the long-term relationship between imported inflation and demand pressures on price inflation.

Protocol for the Generation and 3D Culture of Fluorescently Labeled Multicellular Spheroids.

Spheroid culture systems have been extensively used to model the three-dimensional (3D) behavior of cells in vitro. Traditionally, spheroids consist of a single cell type, limiting their ability to fully recapitulate the complex inter-cellular interactions observed in vivo. Here we describe a protocol for generating cocultured spheroids composed of two distinct cell types, embedded within a 3D extracellular matrix (ECM) to better study cellular interactions. Fluorescent labeling of each cell type enables clear distinction and visualization, facilitating the analysis of cell invasion, proliferation, and behavior within the matrix. This method is particularly suited for studying matrix invasion, an essential process in cancer metastasis, using both fixed and live cell microscopy. The protocol is versatile and can be adapted for various cell types, providing a robust platform for investigating cell-cell interactions in cancer research, tissue remodeling, and drug screening.

Post-processing treatment of Wire Arc Additive Manufactured NiTi shape memory alloy using laser shock peening process: a study on tensile behavior and fractography analysis

Post-processing treatment of Wire Arc Additive Manufactured NiTi shape memory alloy using laser shock peening process: a study on tensile behavior and fractography analysis

Exploring periodic behavior and dynamical analysis in a harvested discrete-time commensalism system

Exploring periodic behavior and dynamical analysis in a harvested discrete-time commensalism system

Caregivers perspective about the outcome of applied behaviour analysis intervention for children with autism spectrum disorders in Ghana

Caregivers perspective about the outcome of applied behaviour analysis intervention for children with autism spectrum disorders in Ghana

Cognitive behavioral therapy for complex regional pain syndrome

Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is often associated with severe mental impairments. Initial pain-related fears in particular appear to be negative predictors for long-term therapy results. Procedures for cognitive behavioral therapy are an important component of treatment. The psychotherapy of CRPS consists of various elements that are implemented in the different phases of treatment. In the beginning the focus is on targeted psychoeducation. In the following activation phase body awareness exercises are accompanied by occupational and physiotherapeutic treatment in order to improve the perception of individual maximum loads. Behavioral analyses are used to uncover dysfunctional coping patterns, such as afear avoidance coping strategy. In this case the use of graded activity treatment approach is indicated, in which the activity level is gradually increased. In the transfer phase psychotherapy supports affected patients in (re)designing their professional and private environments.

The Role of Zero Trust Architecture in Modern Cybersecurity: Integration with IAM and Emerging Technologies

As cyber threats continue to evolve, organizations are increasingly adopting advanced security frameworks such as Zero Trust Architecture (ZTA) to protect their digital assets. ZTA operates under the principle of "never trust, always verify," acknowledging that both internal and external networks may be compromised. Integrated with Identity and Access Management (IAM), ZTA offers a dynamic security model, requiring continuous authentication and authorization for every access request. This integration ensures that sensitive resources are protected by enforcing multifactor authentication, behavioral analysis, and micro-segmentation, which collectively reduce the risk of attacks. A critical aspect of ZTA is its focus on continuous authentication and the principle of least privilege. Unlike traditional IAM systems, which grant static access, ZTA dynamically adjusts access based on real-time conditions, such as user behavior, location, and the sensitivity of data. This reduces the attack surface and minimizes lateral movement within the network. Additionally, ZTA promotes network segmentation, using IAM frameworks to enforce strict access control for each network segment. This limits the potential damage if an attacker compromises one segment. Studies have shown that ZTA is highly effective in mitigating insider threats, reducing the attack surface, and enhancing the resilience of infrastructure. While challenges remain in terms of scalability and integration complexity, the security benefits are undeniable. The increasing use of AI, machine learning, and quantum computing is expected to further strengthen ZTA's security capabilities. As organizations face more sophisticated cyber threats, ZTA is likely to become a standard in cybersecurity strategies, providing a robust, adaptable solution to protect valuable digital assets.

Examining the influence of port ship activities on pollutant emissions in port environments.

There is a direct and close relationship between ship emissions in port waters and the operational status of the ships. Precisely identifying the operational status of ships in port waters and thoroughly exploring the specific relationship between these activities and ship emissions is crucial for achieving accurate control and scientific reduction of emissions from ships in port areas. With advancements in technology, AIS data can accurately capture the operational status of ships, facilitating a macro-level analysis of ship behavior and emission characteristics. This study proposes a method for extracting ship activity states using AIS data and conducts a detailed examination of ship activities at various container terminals and berths within Shanghai Port. Additionally, it analyzes the correlation between ship activities and their emissions. The research findings indicate that container ships are the most prevalent ships at Shanghai Port, followed by bulk carriers, general cargo ships, and tankers. Notably, bulk carriers and tankers exhibit the longest berthing times, with tankers showing the most significant fluctuations. Mingdong Terminal is identified as the most active, featuring the longest anchorage and berthing time, whereas Jungonglu and Zhanghuabang Terminals have the shortest. The calculation of pollutant emissions reveals that container ships and oil tankers are the primary contributors, particularly for CO2 and NOx emissions. Mingdong Terminal recorded the highest total CO2 emissions, followed by Guandong and Shengdong Terminals. These findings emphasize the importance of berth service efficiency, suggesting that increased emissions are associated with heightened ship activity. CO2 emissions from container ships increase linearly with the number of berthed ships and show a cubic nonlinear relationship with berthing time. The analysis highlights terminals such as Guandong, Zhendong, Shengdong, and Yangshan Phase IV as critical areas for emission reduction strategies. This study not only enhances our understanding of the dynamics of ship emissions in port waters but also provides a theoretical foundation for implementing effective emission control and reduction strategies. Through this detailed research approach, it is possible to more accurately identify emission sources and optimize port operations, thereby offering strong data support and scientific guidance for environmental management and policy-making in port waters.

Numerical analysis of low-velocity impact behavior on composite materials

AbstractThis study uses numerical modeling to explore the intricate relationship between low-velocity impact and composite materials. The study investigates the impact response of composite materials under low-speed loading circumstances in great detail. Two specimens were prepared for the current study the first one has a uniform thickness for each layer, and the second is prepared with altering layer thicknesses. A tensile test was employed to obtain the mechanical properties to use it in the numerical analysis. An impact test was employed in this analysis, where the impactor was modeled also on a height of 300 mm, the analysis time was taken as 0.08 s to capture all the impact. The numerical analysis was verified with other studies, and the error percentage did not exceed 2%. The results showed that the second specimen with alternating thickness had the best behavior.

Auditory decision-making deficits after permanent noise-induced hearing loss

Loud noise exposure is one of the leading causes of permanent hearing loss. Individuals with noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) suffer from speech comprehension deficits and experience impairments to cognitive functions such as attention and decision-making. Here, we investigate the specific underlying cognitive processes during auditory perceptual decision-making that are impacted by NIHL. Gerbils were trained to perform an auditory decision-making task that involves discriminating between slow and fast presentation rates of amplitude-modulated (AM) noise. Decision-making task performance was assessed across pre- versus post-NIHL sessions within the same gerbils. A single exposure session (2 h) to loud broadband noise (120 dB SPL) produced permanent NIHL with elevated threshold shifts in auditory brainstem responses (ABRs). Following NIHL, decision-making task performance was tested at sensation levels comparable to those prior to noise exposure in all animals. Our findings demonstrate NIHL diminished perceptual acuity, reduced attentional focus, altered choice bias, and slowed down evidence accumulation speed. Finally, video-tracking analysis of motor behavior during task performance demonstrates that NIHL can impact sensory-guided decision-based motor execution. Together, these results suggest that NIHL impairs the sensory, cognitive, and motor factors that support auditory decision-making.

From Pakho Chau to Joker Xue: A Multidimensional Comparison of Concert Marketing Strategies

As the impact of the pandemic gradually weakens, the global economy has entered a downturn period. However, cultural consumption, especially the concert market, has shown a strong trend of recovery. Concerts, as a unique outlet for emotional release, carry the expectations of countless people. The shocking music and gorgeous stages bring people unparalleled emotional value and become a panacea for soothing the soul. Precisely because of this, this phenomenon deserves our in-depth exploration. This research focuses on two singers with unique stylesJoker Xue and Pakho Chauand discusses the marketing strategy issues faced by entertainment companies in the face of competition in their concert markets. Through market research, analysis of fan behavior, and data from past concert cases, it is found that Joker Xue has a wide fan base thanks to his unique humorous style and soulful songs, and it is suitable to strengthen social media interaction and topic marketing for him. Pakho Chau, on the other hand, has attracted a large number of fans by virtue of his influence in the Cantonese-speaking regions and solid singing skills. His marketing strategy can focus on regional promotion and offline event marketing. Based on the above analysis, this article suggests that entertainment companies comprehensively apply diversified online and offline strategies to enhance their market competitiveness. This research provides theoretical and practical support for dealing with the competition in the star concert market and helps entertainment companies gain an advantage and maximize their commercial interests in the fierce competition

Enhanced ethylenediamine detection using WO3–BiVO4 nanoflakes heterostructure with exceptional adsorption capabilities: experimental and theoretical studies

The present work describes the synthesis of WO3-BiVO4-nanoflakes heterostructure (NFHs) by a single step hydrothermal method. The analysis of crystalline phases and structural behavior deduced the formation of good crystal quality WO3-BiVO4NFHs. Under microscopic observation, the as-prepared WO3-BiVO4displayed uniform and conspicuous nanoflakes like structures. The extensive density functional theory was studied to examine the electronic and band structures of as-prepared WO3-BiVO4NFHs in terms of formation energy, charge density, density of state and band structures. The synthesized WO3-BiVO4NFHs was used as sensing electrode towards the detection of ethylenediamine (EDA) chemical that displayed a good sensitivity of ∼318.52 mA·mM-1cm-2, excellent dynamic range of 1μM-1 mM with detection limit of ∼94.51 nM and retention coefficient of ∼0.9929. WO3-BiVO4NFHs electrode possessed the good reproducibility, stability, and repeatability towards EDA chemical. To the best of our knowledge, for the first time, the fabricated chemical sensor fabricated with WO3-BiVO4NFHs electrode could be promising electrode materials to identify dangerous chemicals at very low concentration in environment. Importantly, the fabricated chemical sensor can be effective for environmental monitoring.

Distinct Behavioral Profiles and Neuronal Correlates of Heroin Vulnerability Versus Resiliency in a Multi-Symptomatic Model of Heroin Use Disorder in Rats.

The behavioral and diagnostic heterogeneity within the opioid use disorder (OUD) diagnosis is not readily captured in current animal models, limiting the translational relevance of the mechanistic research that is conducted in experimental animals. The authors hypothesized that a nonlinear clustering of OUD-like behavioral traits would capture population heterogeneity and yield subpopulations of OUD vulnerable rats with distinct behavioral and neurocircuit profiles. Over 900 male and female heterogeneous stock rats, a line capturing genetic and behavioral heterogeneity present in humans, were assessed for several measures of heroin use and rewarded and non-rewarded seeking behaviors. A nonlinear stochastic block model clustering analysis was used to assign rats to OUD vulnerable, intermediate, and resilient clusters. Additional behavioral tests and circuit analyses using c-fos protein activation were conducted on the vulnerable and resilient subpopulations. OUD vulnerable rats exhibited greater heroin taking and seeking behaviors relative to those in the intermediate and resilient clusters. Akin to human OUD diagnosis, further vulnerable rat subclustering revealed subpopulations with different combinations of behavioral traits, including sex differences. Lastly, heroin cue-induced neuronal patterns of circuit activation differed between resilient and vulnerable phenotypes. Behavioral sex differences were recapitulated in patterns of circuitry activation, including preferential engagement of extended amygdala stress circuitry in males and cortico-striatal drug cue-seeking circuitry in females. Using a nonlinear clustering approach in rats, the analysis captured behavioral diagnostic heterogeneity reflective of human OUD diagnosis. OUD vulnerability and resiliency were associated with distinct neuronal activation patterns, posing this approach as a translational tool in assessing neurobiological mechanisms underpinning OUD.

Dynamic Recrystallization Modeling Considering Dynamic Transformation and Behavioral Analysis for a High-Temperature Titanium Alloy during Hot Deformation

Dynamic Recrystallization Modeling Considering Dynamic Transformation and Behavioral Analysis for a High-Temperature Titanium Alloy during Hot Deformation

User Behavior Analysis and Security Strategy Optimization of College English Learning Platform Using Dynamic Graph Convolutional Network

This paper aimed to address the shortcomings of current college English learning platforms in user behavior analysis and security protection, especially the lack of accurate abnormal behavior detection and dynamic identity authentication measures. By adopting DGCN (Dynamic Graph Convolutional Network) and XGBoost (eXtreme Gradient Boosting) classification models for abnormal behavior detection, a dynamic identity authentication optimization strategy based on behavior risk scoring is proposed to improve the security of the platform. The user embedding features output from DGCN are input into XGBoost for user behavior classification. Based on the predicted probability of the XGBoost classification model, a risk score is generated for each user, and different identity authentication strategies are defined according to the risk score range. Experimental results show that by modeling multi-layer dynamic graph structures, the accuracy, precision, recall and F1 score of the XGBoost model reached 97.6%, 97.5%, 95.3%, and 96.4% respectively. In addition, when the step size of the DGCN model increases from 1 to 10, its accuracy only slightly decreases from 97.6% to 97.5%, and the user behavior classification performance is stable. The incidence of account theft with dynamic identity authentication is maintained between 3% and 8%, and the average authentication time is increased by 2.1 seconds compared with the traditional password authentication method. The proposed DGCN can optimize the security strategy of the college English learning platform based on the user behavior risk score, and it can select targeted identity authentication strategies according to the user's risk score.

Mechanistic insight into neuroprotective effect of standardized ginger chemo varieties from Manipur, India in scopolamine induced learning and memory impaired mice.

Alzheimer's disease is a complex neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive decline in cognitive function and behaviour. Ginger is the rhizome of the plant Zingiber officinale Roscoe, has been an important ingredient of many Ayurveda formulations to treat neurological disorders. The present study aims to estimate the variation of 6-gingerol content in nine different ginger samples collected from Manipur, India, investigate the neuroprotective potential of the most potent ginger sample against scopolamine-induced cognitively impaired mice, and validate the therapeutic claim by molecular docking analysis. High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) analysis suggested that the sample GV6 had the highest 6-gingerol content with potent in vitro acetylcholnesterase (AChE) (IC50 = 336.10µg/mL) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) (IC50 = 411.73µg/mL) enzyme inhibitory activity. The neuroprotective potential of GV6 was tested in scopolamine-induced cognitively impaired mice (200 and 400mg/kg). The behavioral analysis showed that GV6 alleviated the spatial recognition, and short-term and long-term memory in the experimental mice model. GV6 significantly improved brain AChE and BChE activity, acetylcholine (ACh) level, markedly alleviated the antioxidant parameters, and reversed the neuroinflammation. Brain histopathological observations confirmed the presence of organized nerve fibers, improvement of neuronal cell density, and reverse the nucleus shrinkage. Further molecular docking analysis showed that 6-gingerol and galantamine exhibited stable interaction with AChE (-7.5 and - 7.3 kcaL/moL) and BChE (-7.3 and - 8.5 kcaL/moL). The present study emphasizes the quality-related therapeutic importance of ginger samples from Northeast India and demonstrates that administration of GV6 may improve brain cognitive functions by restoring neurotransmitter levels and inflammatory and antioxidant parameters in scopolamine-induced cognitively impaired mice.

Specialization of the human hippocampal long axis revisited

The hippocampus possesses anatomical differences along its long axis. Here, we explored the functional specialization of the human hippocampal long axis using network-anchored precision functional MRI in two independent datasets (N = 11 and N = 9) paired with behavioral analysis (N = 266 and N = 238). Functional connectivity analyses demonstrated that the anterior hippocampus was preferentially correlated with a cerebral network associated with remembering, while the posterior hippocampus selectively contained a region correlated with a distinct network associated with behavioral salience. Seed regions placed within the hippocampus recapitulated the distinct cerebral networks. Functional characterization of the anterior and posterior hippocampal regions using task data identified and replicated a functional double dissociation. The anterior hippocampal region was sensitive to remembering and imagining the future, specifically tracking the process of scene construction, while the posterior hippocampal region displayed transient responses to targets in an oddball detection task and to transitions between task blocks. These findings suggest an unexpected specialization along the long axis of the human hippocampus with differential responses reflecting the functional properties of the partner cerebral networks.