Anesthesia For Neurosurgery Research Articles

Control of Intracranial Pressure during Pediatric Neurosurgery Anesthesia

Some of the important points of view of anesthesia in pediatric neurosurgery are: adequate alveolar exchange of oxygen and carbondioxide by means of artificial ventilation; stable cardiovascular function; fluid balance; monitoring, and attempts to keep intracranial pressure low. This last point is achieved by various anesthesiological procedures, e.g., hyperventilation, positive-negative pressure ventilation, rapid induction of anesthesia and choice of suitable anesthetics. Enflurane (Ethrane) increases intracranial pressure less than halothane. The new intravenous anesthetic etomidate lowers intracranial pressure in a favorable manner quite similar to thiopental (Pentothal-Sodium).

Lack of CNS depression from large doses of trimethaphan in sheep.

It is not uncommon to observe prolonged CNS depression for several hours following controlled hypotension and halothane anesthesia for neurosurgery. The present study evaluates possible contribution of large doses of trimethaphan to CNS depression. Four adult sheep were placed on transapical left ventricular bypass (TALVB) withdrawing blood from the apex of the left ventricle through a roller pump, Pall Ultipor filter, and returning the blood to a carotid artery. In the awake and unanesthetized animals, 1 to 2 gm of trimethaphan were administered IV during each experiment while maintaining mean arterial pressure at 60 to 75 torr. Two sheep stood up and knelt down without obvious correlation with dose of trimethaphan administered at the time; two remained standing and continued eating during the trimethaphan infusion. Cardiovascular recovery from these large doses of trimethaphan was within 15 to 30 minutes after the conclusion of drug infusion. The data strongly suggest that large doses of trimethaphan have no significant CNS depression in the awake and unanesthetized sheep.

Anaesthesia for Neurological Surgery

Anesthesia for neurosurgery differs from anesthesia for most other surgical procedures because the surgeon's and anesthetist's efforts focus on the same target: the central nervous system. This coincidence makes it mandatory that the anesthetist carefully observe the effects of his drugs and techniques on the brain, also to comprehend the effects of the neurosurgical operation on cerebral cardiovascular and respiratory control. McComish and Bodley present, in approximately 400 pages, a broad view of anesthetic techniques, including a most worthwhile theoretical background. The physiology of the intracranial milieu, its disturbance by disease processes, as well as alterations caused by anesthetic techniques and surgical intervention, are discussed both in general and in detail, for a wide selection of procedures. Unfortunately, this book suffers the fate of many texts in that new developments occur before a book is published, moreso as time passes by. The current volume appeared in 1971, thus explaining some

The effects of Althesin on cerebral blood flow and intracranial pressure.

The effects of Althesin anaesthesia upon cerebral blood flow and cerebrospinal fluid pressure were studied in seven dogs. Althesin caused no increase of cerebral blood flow or elevation of cerebrospinal fluid pressure, suggesting that further studies should be carried out on the use of Althesin anaesthesia for neurosurgery and neuroradiology.

THIOPENTONE SUPPLEMENTED ANAESTHESIA FOR NEUROSURGERY

SUMMARY A technique of anaesthesia for intracranial surgery involving the use of a thiopentone drip as a supplement to nitrous oxide and oxygen was used in 166 patients who were curarized and artificially ventilated. Maintenance of immobility and unconsciousness during the operation was satisfactory. The degree of recovery at the end of operation was acceptable in that nearly 90 per cent were awake and talking, or responding to speech at the conclusion of die procedure. There was an undefined period of amnesia after the patient had apparently regained full consciousness. A few patients were restless in the postoperative period. There were no difficulties with the airway. The intracranial tension during operation was acceptably low.

General Anesthesia and the Central Nervous System: A Basic Science and Clinical Consideration

A close association with his own department of pharmacology has enabled Dr. Jenkins to bring together in this book much of what is presently known on neuropharmacology. A brief review of neuroanatomy is presented first, followed by a well-documented discussion of current concepts in central nervous system physiology and pharmacology. These chapters act as a prelude to the second half of the book which presents the effects of special anesthesia techniques and management of the patient with neurological disease. Thus, Dr. Jenkins develops an approach to anesthesia for neurosurgery based upon current scientific concepts. Each chapter is intricately outlined. Reading follows easily, but frequently material beyond the basic concept of the book is included in great detail. Several subheadings can be found with a few superfluous sentences as if to fill in space. The author occasionally discusses the same subject in different chapters under related headings. The final section on

Scientific observations in anesthesia for neurosurgery.

Scientific observations in anesthesia for neurosurgery.

Chirurgie des Gehirns und Rückenmarks im Kindes- und Jugendalter

The first 360 pages of this multiauthored compendium deals with neurological examination, anatomy and physiology, neurological examination, and the accessory diagnostic techniques, including electroencephalography, echoencephalography, radiography, angiography, brain scanning, etc. Each is covered in a short monograph. Sections on preoperative and postoperative care and anesthesia for neurosurgery precede the special, more-specific neurosurgical portion which begins with tumors, first as general pathologic types and then in specific areas. Separate chapters on hydrocephalus, unilateral exophthalmos, vascular disease, infections, injuries, malformations, convulsive disorders, stereotactic approaches, complete the material on the brain. Similar but much shortened treatment is given to anatomy, physiology, operative techniques, and pathology of the spinal co d (amounting to 58 pages of general material, and 64 pages of special interest in malformations, infections, neoplasms, and injuries). In comparison with the German pediatric neurosurgical text of Gerlach et al (reviewed in JAMA<b>201</b>: 784 [Sept 4] 1967), this one has more

Anesthesia for Neurosurgery

Anesthesia for Neurosurgery

Anaesthesia for neurosurgery. The use of Haloperidol and phenoperidine with light general anaesthesia.

Anaesthesia for neurosurgery. The use of Haloperidol and phenoperidine with light general anaesthesia.

Books Reviewed

Australian and New Zealand Journal of SurgeryVolume 31, Issue 1 p. 79-80 Books Reviewed First published: August 1961 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1445-2197.1961.tb03147.xCitations: 1AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Abstract Book reviewed in this article: A PRACTICE OF GENERAL ANAESTHESIA FOR NEUROSURGERY. OCULAR VERTICAL DEVIATIONS AND NYSTAGMUS. PEPTIC ULCERATION. SURGICAL NURSING AND AFTER TREATMENT. MANUAL OF HAND INJURIES. A SYNOPSIS OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY. Citing Literature Volume31, Issue1August 1961Pages 79-80 RelatedInformation

A Practice of General Anaesthesia for Neurosurgery

A Practice of General Anaesthesia for Neurosurgery

A Practice of General Anaesthesia for Neurosurgery

A Practice of General Anaesthesia for Neurosurgery

Methoxyflurane as an anesthetic for neurological surgery.

HE most favorable physiologic conditions for anesthesia in neurosurgery are provided bv diethyl ether, because it is least depressant to respiratory function and maintains a stable cardiovascular system. The definite hazard of fire or explosion, particularly in the presence of the electrocautery, has influenced many neurosurgeons to accept anesthetic agents and techniques which, while providing nonflammability, nevertheless introduce the less favorable physiologic conditions inherent in the employment of multiple drug techniques. The main ingredient of the nonexplosive technique currently preferred by many neurosurgeons is nitrous oxide. However, because of its low potency there may be insufficient analgesia for many procedures, there is an increased hazard of hypoxia, and the patient frequently reacts on the endotracheal tube. In an attempt to compensate for the inadequacies of nitrous oxide, anesthetists have added intravenous drugs such as barbiturates, narcotics, and muscle relaxants, as well as inhalation anesthetics such as trichloroethylene (Trilene | Trimar | or halothane (Fluothane| Each of these supplements may produce unwanted effect on respiration or circulation. In an attempt to find a nonflammable anesthetic agent as innocuous as nitrous oxide but with greater potency, Van Poznak and Artusio 1-4 in 1956 began screening a number of fluorinated hydrocarbons and fluorinated ethers.* The most useful compound so far examined has been given the generic name methoxyflurane. It is 1,1-difluoro e,e-dichloro ethyl methyl ether, with the following structural formula: CH3-O-CF2CHC12. It is a clear, colorless liquid of characteristic odor. The boiling point is 103~ and the vapor pressure at e0~ is e5 mm. Hg. It is stable in the presence of light, soda, lime, and Baralyme | Presently available samples have dibenzylamine 0.01 per cent added as a stabilizer. At room temperature it is nonflammable in any mixture of air or oxygen. Pharmacologically, its behavior is in many ways similar to that of diethyl ether. Methoxyflurane can be administered by any technique used for diethyl ether, including open drop, semiclosed circle, and closed circle. A special vaporizer is not needed. It is compatible with other agents such as * Many of these compoumls were synthesized in tim laboratories of the Dow Chemical Company.

The use of fluothane in anaesthesia for neurosurgery: a preliminary report.

The volatile anaesthetic agent, Fluothane, has been employed for 108 neurosurgical procedures

Anaesthesia in neurosurgery.

The A. summarizes the problem of anaesthesia in neurosurgical patients as follows: The respiration as well as the pulse and the arterial pressure must be recorded regularly. The A. discusses the utility of the various anaesthetic drugs, the importance of the patient's position on the operating table and the physiopathology of anesthesia by neurosurgical patients.

Anaesthesia in Neurosurgery

Anaesthesia in Neurosurgery

ANESTHESIA FOR NEUROSURGERY

ANESTHESIA FOR NEUROSURGERY

Anesthesia for Neurosurgery (With Special Reference to Tricholorethylene)

Anesthesia for Neurosurgery (With Special Reference to Tricholorethylene)

Some Observations on Anesthesia for Neurosurgery

Some Observations on Anesthesia for Neurosurgery