PURPOSE: Since the 1970s, Hagerman and Russell et al. have meticulously studied the specific energy supply characteristics of rowing competitions with elite rowers, and their studies all indicate that rowing is a predominantly aerobic energy supply event. However, no studies have been reported on the characteristics of energy supply in 2 km races in a population of non-rowing-specific athletes. In view of this, this paper uses a rowing ergometer to conduct a 2 km all-out rowing test with undergraduate students as participants, aiming to investigate the characteristics of their energy supply. METHODS: Eight healthy non-rowing-specific male students (age 19.8 ± 0.8 yrs, height 176.3 ± 4.5 cm, weight 77 ± 6.4 kg) from a university volunteered to participate in the testing of this study. The participants were asked to complete 2 km in the shortest time on the rowing ergometer (Concept 2, Model D, PM3, USA) in this study. Before the formal test, all participants put on the portable cardiopulmonary function tester(Jaeger,Oxycon Mobile,Germany)and heart rate monitor(Polar,H7,Finland),followed by 15 min of warm-up activity. During the test, the gas metabolism and heart rate were monitored during and 10 min after the 2 km all-out rowing test; after the test, the participants were required to sit still on the ergometer for 10 min. 10uL of fingertip blood was collected for blood lactate analysis (Biosen C-line,EKF,Germany) before the warm-up, before the start of the 2 km all-out row and at 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, 12 and 15 min after the end of the row. The energetic profile in this study was based on the calculation of the energy contributions using the method integrated by Beneke et al. RESULTS: The total energy expenditure was 661.17 ± 40.70 kJ,The anaerobic alactic energy contribution was 30.89 ± 13.44 kJ,the anaerobic lactic energy contribution was 70.41 ± 4.89 KJ;the aerobic energy contribution was 559.87 ± 40.52 KJ. The energy of 2 km all-out rowing was supplied with 4.68% ± 2.05% from anaerobic alactic system, 10.68% ± 0.92% from anaerobic lactic system, 84.64% ± 1.78% from aerobic system. CONCLUSION:The energy of 2 km all-out rowing for undergraduate students was provided mainly by aerobic system, which is consistent with rowing athletes, which further confirms that 2 km rowing is an aerobic dominated event.