Anemia In Adolescent Girls Research Articles

Nutritional, health and socio-demographic determinants of anaemia in adolescent girls in Kumbungu District, Ghana

BackgroundAnaemia is a serious health problem among adolescent girls in Ghana. The aims of this study were to measure the prevalence and identify the nutritional, health, and socio-demographic determinants of anaemia in adolescent girls in Kumbungu District, Northern Region, Ghana.MethodAn analytical cross-sectional study involving 370 adolescent girls residing in Kumbungu district, selected using multi-stage sampling procedure, was conducted. A semi-structured questionnaire, 24-hr dietary recall, food frequency questionnaire, Food Insecurity Experience scale, and anthropometry were used to gather information on socio-demographic characteristics, nutrition knowledge, dietary diversity score, food consumption score, food consumption frequency, household food insecurity, and waist and hip circumferences. Haemoglobin was measured using a portable HemoCue hg 301 + Analyzer. Anaemia in the adolescent girls was defined as haemoglobin concentration less than 12 g/dl. Chi-square test and binary logistic regression analysis were used to identify the determinants of anaemia.ResultsThe mean (± SD) age was 13.95 (± 2.94) years, and the majority of the girls were in school (79.5%) and lived in a rural area (81.1%). The mean (± SD) haemoglobin was 11.27 (± 1.19) g/dl, and 74.6% of the respondents had anaemia, with 1.6% having severe anaemia. The health determinant of anaemia was frequency of feeling nervous in the past 6 months [Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR): 2.12: 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.17–3.89; p: 0.014], and the socio-demographic determinants were residential community status (AOR: 0.42; 95% CI: 0.24–0.75; p: 0.003), and fathers’ educational qualification (AOR: 2.57, 95% CI: 1.17–5.65, p: 0.019). No nutritional determinants of anaemia were identified for this study population.ConclusionThe prevalence of anaemia was very high and the frequency of feeling nervous in the past 6 months, residential community status, and fathers’ educational qualification were associated with anaemia among adolescent girls in Kumbungu district, Ghana. The prevalence of anaemia measured highlights the need for intensification of anaemia prevention and management interventions in the district.

Stunting prevention with determining BMI, UAC, haemoglobin (Hb) levels as early detection in adolescent students Muhammadiyah Senior High School Ponorogo West Java

<p><strong><em>Background</em></strong><em> : One of the problems facing adolescent girls (23%) is iron deficiency (iron deficiency anemia) and it is higher than adolescent boys. Anemia in adolescent girls affect physical activity, learning concentration which will affect adolescent girls achievement. </em></p><p><strong><em>Objectives: </em></strong><em>This study aims to determine Body Mass Image (BMI), Upper Arm Circumference (UAC), and Haemoglobin (Hb) Levels Pre Integration of Fero Sulfate (Fe) Tablets Supplements and to know relationship between BMI and UAC with Hb levels for Stunting prevention in students at Muhammadiyah Ponorogo High School.</em></p><p><strong><em>Methods: </em></strong><em>The research design carried out was experimental research with an exploratory study approach, pre-experimental study design, the research takes on January to April 2023 in Muhamamdiyah High School Ponorogo. The samples was 54 people. Researchers analyze Hb, BMI, and UAC levels from all study samples and correlate all variables. </em></p><p><strong><em>Results: </em></strong><em>The results show that BMI 48% (26 people) undernutrition, UAC 65% (35 people) underweight condition and Hb levels showed 87% (47 people) normal. The statistical analysis test shows that p-value test = 0.089 which means that there is no relationship between BMI and Hb levels in adolescent girls. Similarly, Hb levels with UAC show no relationship with p value 0.707.</em></p><p><strong><em>Conclusions: </em></strong><em>The conclusion of this study, there are still many adolescent girls who experience malnutrition status, although found a few of these samples are anemic. So it is important that future studies on balanced nutritional intake and standardized Fe supplementation for stunting prevention in adolescence are important.</em></p>

Correlation of Hemoglobin Levels with Nutritional Status in Adolescent Girls: A Health Promotion Perspective

Background: Women during pregnancy, childbearing age, and adolescents are prone to anemia. The prevalence of anemia in adolescents in Indonesia in 2018 reached 32%. The objectives of this study were to determine the correlation between nutritional status with the incidence of anemia in adolescent girls.Method: Describe briefly the main methods or treatments applied. This study is an analytical survey with a cross-sectional design. The population in this study was student girls in Padang City in 2022.The instrument used to measure hemoglobin was a digital Hb measuring instrument. The nutritional status in this study used the measurement of the nutritional status of adolescents with the indicator of BMI according to age. Correlative analytic test with ordinal scale data used the Kendall's tau test.Results: Based on the results of this study, was known that most of the 71.9% of adolescent girls whose nutritional status is normal. Most of the adolesce girls (87.5%) had normal hemoglobin levels, and as many as 12.5% adolensce girls had anemia who were not menstruating. Nutritional status (BMI/age) and hemoglobin levels were not correlated. Nutritional status is not a factor causing anemia in adolescent girls. It is necessary to investigate the prevalence of anemia in adolescent girls during menstruation as a comparison.

Effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge regarding anemia and its management among anemic adolescent girls in senior secondary school of East Sikkim

Effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge regarding anemia and its management among anemic adolescent girls in senior secondary school of East Sikkim

P11-026-23 Impact of Duration of Iron and Folic Acid Supplementation on Hemoglobin and Ferritin Levels of Anemic Adolescent Girls Residing in India

P11-026-23 Impact of Duration of Iron and Folic Acid Supplementation on Hemoglobin and Ferritin Levels of Anemic Adolescent Girls Residing in India

CLINICAL AND ANAMNESTIC FEATURES OF THE DYNAMICS AND TRANSFORMATION OF IRON-DEFICIENCY ANEMIA IN ADOLESCENT GIRLS

Annotation: According to the World Health Organization, in any population, for every person suffering from IDA, there are three with iron deficiency (IAD). The risk group for the development of anemia includes children, women of reproductive age and the elderly. A special group among them are girls of pubertal age, who have a high potential for the formation of various organ dysfunctions. The purpose of this work was to study the clinical and anamnestic features of the dynamics and transformation of iron deficiency anemia in adolescent girls. Object and methods of the study: adolescent girls aged 12-14 years (n=177) of the Uzbek population, respectively, with LAD (45), mild IDA (56) and moderate (25), and the control group (51). For the study, whole blood and serum of adolescent girls with IDA were used. General clinical, instrumental, biochemical and statistical methods were used. Results: From the data of our material it follows that the clinical picture of IDA in schoolgirls was somewhat transformed and among them the syndrome of decreased immunological resistance of the body and gastrointestinal syndrome began to prevail, their frequency increased by more than 2-5 times compared to the above authors. The clinical picture of iron deficiency anemia in adolescent girls is characterized by polymorphism of symptoms and syndromes, which indicates the involvement of many organs and systems in the pathological process. It is concluded that it is necessary to update data on the clinical symptoms of ID in adolescent girls, depending on age, gender and regions of residence.

Combinations of Fe tablets and dragon fruit and combinations of Fe tablets and date straw on increasing hemoglobin levels in adolescent women with anemia

Abstract Anemia is a health problem related to the extensive presence of a variety of noncommunicable diseases in developing countries. Indeed, the prevalence of anemia in Indonesia in women of childbearing age (aged 15-49 years) in 2019 was around 29.9%; in West Kalimantan in 2018, it was 23.8%. The rate of anemia in young women can be overcome by increasing hemoglobin levels. One approach is to enhance the consumption of dragon fruit or date palm juice which can increase hemoglobin levels. This research aims to determine the effectiveness of giving a combination of Fe tablets and dragon fruit or a combination of Fe tablets with date palm juice on hemoglobin levels in anemic adolescent girls. The design of this study was a True Experiment with pre-test and post-test control groups. Research respondents were anemic adolescent girls, a total of 32 people, with 16 in each group. With regard to the hemoglobin levels before and after administration of Fe tablets and dragon fruit, based on the paired t-test, the mean difference was 4.32 g/dl, with P-Value = 0.000. Thus, there is effectiveness in this intervention group. In the combination group of Fe tablets and date palm juice, the mean difference was 3.062 g/dl. P-Value = 0.001 (P<0.05). Hence, there is effectiveness in enhancing hemoglobin levels in this intervention group. Applying an independent t-test to determine the difference in the effectiveness of the two interventions revealed a P-value = 0.054, meaning that there was no significant difference between the two interventions in increasing hemoglobin levels.

Factors Associated with the Incidence of Anemia in Girls at SMPN 17 Tangerang in 2022

Background The problem of anemia still exists today, although there have been many treatments for adolescent anemia. This study aimed to determine the factors associated with the incidence of anemia in adolescent girls at SMPN 17 Tangerang in 2022. Methods This study uses a cross-sectional design. The sample is 150 students with Quota Sampling. Collecting data using a questionnaire and direct measurements on hemoglobin levels, weight, and height. The instruments used were filling forms for hemoglobin levels, weight, and height and questionnaires for the variables of knowledge, mother's education, parents' income, menstrual patterns, eating patterns, and consumption of blood-added tablets (TTD). The analysis in this study is univariate and bivariate (Chi-square). Results The results of the univariate analysis showed anemia (40%), poor knowledge (56.0%), high maternal education (74.7%), high parental income (59.3%), abnormal menstrual pattern (61.3% ), poor diet (73.3%), normal nutritional status (70.7%), consumption of Blood Supplementary Tablets (TTD) was not good (97.3%). The results of the bivariate analysis obtained four variables related to the incidence of anemia in adolescent girls at SMPN 17 Tangerang, namely the variables of knowledge (p=0,048), mother's education (p=0.042), parents' income (p=0.038), dietary habit (p=0.038). However, there were unrelated ones, namely menstrual patterns, nutritional status, and consumption of blood-added tablets. Conclusions Variables related to the incidence of anemia were knowledge, the mother's education, the parent's income, and eating patterns (dietary habits).

Education using instagram on knowledge, attitudes and eating habits as prevention of anemia in adolescent girls in Makassa

26.8% and at the age 0f 15-24 years is 30.2%. Government initiatives to prevent anemia by dispensing iron supplements without teaching have left adolescent girls with little knowledge of anemia, necessitating substantial informative efforts through social media. Instagram is less popular than Whatsapp as a tool for educating adolescent girls about anemia. The purpose of this study is to compare the effects of WhatsApp and Instagram as instructional media on knowledge, attitudes, and eating patterns among adolescent girls in order to prevent anemia. This study employed a control group and a pre-test post-test quasi-experimental design. In this study, participants (n = 60) were split into two groups: the intervention group (n = 30) used Instagram at Junior High School 30 Makassar, while the control group (n = 30) used WhatsApp at Junor High School 14 Makassar. A general questionnaire and a food frequency questionnaire were used to collect the data, which was then analyzed using the repeated ANOVA test to compare each group's results before and after the intervention and the unpaired t-test to compare the Instagram group to the WhatsApp group. The findings indicated that the Instagram group's knowledge (61.50+82.67 vs 82.67+11.651), attitude (81.93+8.682 vs 89.23+6.683), and eating behaviors (467.10+197.269 vs 486.45+212.911) had different values before and after the intervention. In the WhatsApp group, these differences were 54.17+10.093 vs. 60.83+13.714 for knowledge, 73.20+10.179 vs. 83.40+13.255 for attitude, and 553.10+204.985 vs. 518.28+161.929 for eating habits. With a p-value of 0.05, there were differences between the WhatsApp and Instagram groups in terms of knowledge (0.000), attitude (0.000), and eating habits (0.002). Therefore, this study's conclusion is that educating adolescents using Instagram as a medium is more effective in improving their knowledge, attitudes, and eating habits.

Konsumsi Inhibitor dan Enhencer Zat Besi Sebagai Faktor Risiko Terjadinya Anemia Pada Remaja Putri Di Kota Semarang

The prevalence of anemia in adolescent girls aged 15-24 years is 32%, the impact is lack of concentration in receiving lessons at school, often not attending school, stunted physical growth, decreased immunity, susceptible to infection, and reduced productivity. The purpose of this study was to analyze the consumption of iron inhibitors and diluents as a risk factor for the incidence of anemia in adolescent girls in the city of Semarang. The type of research is observation with case control design, hemoglobin level examination using cyanmethemoglobin method, consumption of enhancers and enhancers using Semi Quantitative Food Frequency Questinore. Analysis using Chi Square. The prevalence of anemia in Semarang City is 29.59%. There is relathionship inhibitor consumption with the incident of anemia in adolescent girls (p= 0.004 ), and inhobitors as a risk factor for anemia in adolescent girls (OR = 4.94). Enhancers were not retathionship with the incident of anemia in adolescent and not a risk ( p = 0,18, OR= 0,49). Relathionship inhibitor with anemia and .Enhancers were not a risk factor for anemia in adolescent girls. Improvement of food consumption for adolescent girls by reducing consumption of inhibitors. Keywords: Inhibitors, enhancers, young women

Prevalence of Anemia among Adolescent Girls in Rural Area of a District of Maharashtra

Introduction: Nutritional anemia is one of India’s major public health problems. Adolescence is a vulnerable period in the human life cycle for the development of nutritional anemia. Anemia in adolescent girls contributes to maternal and foetal mortality and morbidity in future. Aim and Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of anemia among adolescent girls and to study the sociodemographic factors associated with anemia. Method: It was a community based cross sectional study in 10 villages of a district. 420 adolescent girls were interviewed using a predesigned, pretested questionnaire, and their anemic status was assessed by hemoglobin estimation. Results were analyzed by using percentage, proportion and Chi-square test, with the help of Microsoft Excel 2007 and SPSS version 20.0 statistical software. Result: Mean age of the study sample was 14.01 ± 2.57 years. The majority (64.8%) of the girls were Hindu by religion and belonged to a nuclear family (53.6%). 45.2 % were educated up to high school level. Most of the girls belonged to socioeconomic class IV (46.0%). The prevalence of anemia in this study was found to be 65.7%. The prevalence of mild and moderate anemia among study participants was 32.6 and 29.8%, respectively. A statistically significant association was found between the prevalence of anemia with age group, educational status of both father and mother, and status of attainment of menarche (p<0.05). Conclusion and Recommendation: The prevalence of anemia among adolescent girls was very high; therefore, attempts must be made to sensitize adolescents and their parents through health and nutrition education, information, education, and communication (IEC), and appropriate behavioral change communication (BCC) activities.

Biskuit daun kelor (Moringa oleifera) berpengaruh terhadap kadar hemoglobin pada remaja putri yang anemia

Moringa leaves (Moringa oleifera) are a plant that contains many multi-nutrients, especially Fe, folate, Ca, and phosphorus. Moringa leaves contain iron which is an essential element for forming hemoglobin. This study aims to determine the effect of giving Moringa leaf biscuits on the hemoglobin levels of anemic adolescent girls. This research is quantitative field research. This research was conducted at the Hufadzul Qur'an Al Asror Islamic Boarding School in Semarang in 2021 with a sample of 37 anemic adolescent girls. The sample used the total sampling method. Data were collected through interviews and 24-hour recall. Hb level examination through the Sahli method and BMI measurement based on weight and height. Statistical analysis was Paired sample t-test and Linear Regression test. The results showed that the average hemoglobin level of adolescent girls before the intervention was 10,8 g/dl, and the average hemoglobin level after the intervention was 12,9 g/dl. After the intervention, 33 respondents did not experience anemia, and four still had anemia. The respondents' average energy, protein, and iron intake was sufficient, with an energy intake of 2139 kcal/day, protein 63,1 g/day, and iron 23,1 mg/day. Statistical results showed a significant increase in hemoglobin levels before and after the intervention (p= 0,001). The conclusion is that giving Moringa leaf biscuits has an effect on the enhancement of hemoglobin levels of anemic adolescent girls.

NUTRITION EDUCATION AND HEALTH SERVICES IN YOUTH ANEMIA PREVENTION AT SMA NEGERI 11 PALEMBANG

Adolescence (10-18 years) is a period of nutritional vulnerability due to various reasons. Some research data shows that there are still nutritional problems in adolescents in Indonesia, especially the problem of nutritional anemia. The results of the 2018 Riskesdas research state that the cause of the high prevalence of nutritional anemia in adolescent girls is that they tend to go on a diet so that they can reduce their intake of nutrients, including iron. In addition, the existence of a monthly menstrual cycle is one of the factors that cause young women to be susceptible to iron deficiency anemia. Based on this, community service activities were carried out in the form of nutrition education activities (counseling) and health services in preventing anemia in adolescent girls at SMA Negeri 11 Palembang. This community service is carried out in 2 stages of activities, namely nutrition education in the form of counseling, as well as conducting health service activities in the form of screening by capturing students who have less or more nutritional status and students with indications of anemia. From anthropometric measurements, we get Most of the 60% of students with normal nutritional status for very thin and thin nutritional status were 16.7% and 3.3%, while those with nutritional status were fat and very fat as much as 6.7% and 13.3%, respectively. The results of the Hb examination showed that most of the students (66.7%) did not have anemia (Normal Hb), there were (20.%) students with moderate anemia status, and (13.3%) with mild anemia status. An increase in students' knowledge of 18.17 points after the post-test. In addition, this community service activity is expected to increase knowledge of nutrition and health, especially regarding anemia in adolescents and how to treat it.

Empowering Young Women Through the Healthy Without Anemia Movement in Taman Bondowoso Village

Adolescent girls are at higher risk of anemia due to an increased need for micronutrients such as iron, but also prone to iron deficiency caused by menstrual blood loss. Iron deficiency anemia could be harmful for teenage girls because it significantly affects cognitive and physical abilities, and results in giving birth to stunting babies if it is not well treated. In this counseling activity to prevent anemia for adolescent girls in Taman Village, Bondowoso, they were also provided with training in making brownies from jackfruit seeds. Interest in entrepreneurship followed by awareness of the dangers of anemia in adolescent girls can be increased through this activity. Parameters for assessing the success of this program are done by filling out questionnaires by participants. The results obtained indicate that the “SETIA (Sehat Tanpa Anemia)” activity program is beneficial for participants who take part in it.

Unusual symptoms of iron deficiency anemia (2 clinical observations)

Iron deficiency is a leading cause of anemia, the most common malnutrition worldwide, affecting 42% of children worldwide. Most often, iron deficiency occurs in children of the first year of life and adolescents; its prevalence in adolescents has pronounced gender differences. In Russia, it is much more common in girls in 17.231.0% of cases, which is 1.6 times higher than in boys. The presence of delayed adverse effects of iron deficiency at an early age has been established, therefore, timely correction of sideropenic conditions in young children is important for the prevention of long-term consequences of a childs development. The article presents two clinical cases of iron deficiency anemia in adolescent girls who had iron deficiency in the first year of life. On the example of the first clinical observation, we observe the development of alopecia against the background of severe sideropenia as part of the epithelial syndrome with iron deficiency anemia of moderate severity. Iron deficiency in this case is multifactorial maternal anemia during pregnancy, spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage, shunt infection, and uncorrected iron deficiency in the first two years. The second clinical example illustrates iron deficiency anemia of mixed genesis in a teenage girl, which was the result of insufficient iron stores at birth, alimentary insufficiency, aggravated against the background of heavy, prolonged menstruation. In this case, there is no hair loss, despite the more severe course of anemia, a long refractory period with iron therapy. The data of clinical cases confirm the significance of low iron stores at birth in the risk of developing iron deficiency anemia in puberty. During the examination of children, the need to take into account the state of the gastrointestinal tract in the algorithm for diagnosing the state of the gastrointestinal tract (detection of malabsorption, blood loss) was shown.

Hubungan Pengetahuan, Konsumsi Tablet FE Dan Status Gizi Dalam Penanganan Anemia Pada Remaja Putri Di Desa Nania Kota Ambon Tahun 2022

Introduction: Anemia is a condition where the level of hemoglobin (Hb) in the blood is lower than the normal number. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) In 2020 the prevalence of Anemia in adolescents in the world ranges from 40-80%, while in Indonesia itself it is 39,1%, Based on data from all these age groups, women have the highest prevalence of Anemia, including young women. The target for handling Anemia in Maluku province is 30%, and the achievement of handlers is 35%. This shows that the achievement of Anemia treatment has not been maximized and still requires further treatment. Anemia in adolescents has the impact of decreased concentration when carrying out learning activities, and decreased physical fitness can cause growth disorders so that height and weight do not reach normally. Prevention and prevention of Anemia in adolescents can be done by increasing knowledge about the pattern of food intake of iron sources, and routine consumption of iron supplementation by consuming blood-added tablets (FE), therefore, adolescents are expected to be able to apply Anemia prevention measures in daily life. Method: This research is descriptive-analytic by using a cross-sectional approach. The population of this study is young women in Nania Village, Ambon City in 2022. The sample is 63 people. With the Total Population Sampling method. The analysis uses the Chi-Square Test. Results: The results of statistical tests show that there is no relationship between knowledge and Anemia treatment (p-value 0,487) and Nutritional status (p-value of 1,000). There is a relationship between FE Tablet Consumption and Handling of Anemia (p-value 0,003). With an OR value of 0,727; a min value of 0,164; and a max of 3,22. Discussion: there is a significant relationship between the consumption of FE tablets in treating Anemia in adolescent girls with an OR value of 0,727 and affecting a minimum of 0,164% and a maximum of 3,22%. which means the strength of the variable relationship in the strong category. Suggestions are expected for further researchers to examine other variables related to the symptoms of this Anemia treatment.

Nutritional Fulfillment and Anemia Status Monitoring through Android Application “E-Monitoring: Nutritional Intake” and Moringa (Moringa oleifera) Leaf Premix Cookies Consumption

BACKGROUND: Adolescent is susceptible to nutritional problems that may lead to anemia. Anemia prevention for women is needed at earlier reproductive age to manifest healthy pregnancy, labor, and offspring. It is necessary to create an effective approach for anemia prevention in adolescent girls. AIM: The focus of this study was to prevent anemia in adolescent girls by improving their nutritional fulfillment rate through moringa leaf cookies provision and/or e-monitoring. METHODS: This research was conducted on students from two different high schools using a quasi-experimental design with pre- and post-evaluation. Moringa leaf cookies were consumed for a month on both groups. The intervention group was exposed to an e-monitoring application called “E-monitoring: Nutritional Intake” to record the amount and type of food consumed daily and provide information about personal nutrient percentage fulfilled compared to the recommended dietary allowance. RESULTS: The results show an increase in nutritional intake in the intervention group, which was significantly different from nutritional intake in the control group. Anemia status changes of participants from anemic to non-anemic conditions in both intervention and control groups were 88.89% and 76.92% consecutively (CI 95%). There was a significant increase in nutrient fulfillment for the intervention group. CONCLUSION: E-monitoring is an important approach for preventing anemia in adolescents by providing them awareness and information regarding their nutritional needs, with moringa leaf cookies as an effective food to increase hemoglobin.

A Review Articel : The Relationship between Nutritional Status and Menstrual Patterns with the Incidence of Anemia in Adolescent Girls

Anemia is a health condition in which the number of red blood cells or hemoglobin is less than normal hemoglobin levels are generally found in men and women. In men, it is defined as a hemoglobin level of 14-16 grams/100 ml while in women it is defined as hemoglobin of 12-15 grams/100 ml. This study aims to study Literature Review to determine the relationship between knowledge of the nutritional status and menstrual patterns on nutritional anemia among adolescent girls in Indonesia. In this study, a literature review design was used. A literature review study is a method used to collect data or sources related to a particular topic that can be obtained from various sources such as research articles.

Literature Review: Analisis Faktor-faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kejadian Anemia Pada Remaja Putri

Anemia is a medical condition in which the hemoglobin level less than normal. Normal Hb levels in adolescent girls are >12 g/dl. Anemia in adolescent girls is still relatively high. Impact of anemia can be caused the body to become thin and drastically lose weight, shortness, constant illness, and anemia. This literature review identified factors that are consistently associated with the incidence of anemia in adolescent girls. This research method is a literature review by collecting various databases from Pubmed, Science Direct, Proquest, and Google Scholar. The selection of articles were limited from 2014-2019 and 20 articles were found. Factors that are consistently associated with the incidence of anemia in adolescents girls include the level of knowledge of girl adolescents regarding anemia, iron intake, nutritional status and the duration of menstruation, BMI, category of residence (rural/urban), dietary habits, and infections such as malaria. It is necessary to provide continuous blood supplement tablets to young women from the government and schools so that they can meet their nutritional needs and further research is expected to be able to use different research designs such as case control and cohorts in order to prove a stronger causal relationship, this is because there have been quite a number of studies related to risk factors for the incidence of anemia in adolescent girls.

Overview of Protein and Fe Intake With The Event of Anemia In Adolescent: Systematic Review

<p><strong>Background: </strong>Adolescents are a group that is prone to anemia. Anemia is defined as a lower than normal haemoglobin level. The prevalence of anemia in adolescents in Indonesia is the highest at the age group of 15-24 years, 32%. The most common cause of anemia is lack of nutrients needed for erythrocyte synthesis. Substances that play a role in haemolysis are protein, vitamins (folic acid, vitamin B12, vitamin C and vitamin E), and minerals (Fe and Cu). </p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To analyse the intake of protein and iron expected incidence of anemia in adolescent girls. </p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study used a systematic review method. The databases used to conduct this research are Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct, Portal Garuda and Google Scholar. The keywords used in Indonesian are <em>"Anemia", "Remaja", "Asupan Gizi" </em>or <em>"Nutrisi", "Protein", "Fe" </em>or <em>"Zat besi"</em> and in English are <em>"Anemia", "Adolescent", “Nutritional Intake”, “Ferrous Sulfate”</em> OR <em>“Protein”</em> </p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From several articles that have been reviewed, it is shown that protein intake and Fe (iron) intake of adolescents related to anemia are associated with the incidence of anemia experienced by adolescents. A good protein intake will affect haemoglobin levels in adolescent girls. In addition, intake of Fe (iron) will also affect haemoglobin levels in adolescents. </p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>intake of protein and iron will affect haemoglobin levels in adolescents. </p>