ABSTRACT Objective To determine quantitative phytochemical, anticancer and antidiabetic effect of seven Indian tropical fruit residues. Methods In-vitro cytotoxic activity (IC 50 ) was evaluated against cervical cancer cells (HeLa), breast cancer cells (MCF-7), hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HepG-2) and bone sarcoma cells (MG-63) and alpha amylase inhibition assay was used for antidiabetic activity. Results Results of phytochemical analysis revealed that all residues contained remarkable amount of alkaloid, saponin, tannin and flavonoid. Notable cancer cell growth inhibition was observed for the extract from Carissa carandas pomace and Litchi sinensis seeds with IC 50 values ranged from 56.72 to 89.24 μg/mL. Alpha amylase inhibition assay was measured at six different concentrations (5, 10, 25, 50, 100 and 200 mg/mL) by using different solvent extract. Results showed that Carissa carandas possessed best activity with IC 50 value as 29.66 mg/mL followed by other residues in methanol extract. Conclusions Study suggests that these fruit residues demonstrate promising antidiabetic and anticancer activity that substantiated its ethno medicinal use and may provide new molecules for the treatment of these diseases.