Amount Of Cisplatin Research Articles

The GC determination of cisplatin as platinum(II) from pharmaceutical preparations and blood sample of cancer patients

A capillary gas chromatographic method is described for the determination of cisplatin based on the complexation of platinum(II) with bis(isovalerylacetone) ethylenediimine (H2IVA2en) and extraction in chloroform. The chromatography was carried out on a BP1 or a BP5 column with an FID. Copper(II), nickel (II) and palladium(II) separated completely and did not affect the determination of platinum(II). The method was applied of the determination of cisplatin in a pharmaceutical preparation and blood samples of cancer patients after infusion of cisplatin. The amounts of cisplatin in blood were found to be within 246–283 ng mL−1 with a C.V. of 2.35–4.26%.

Limited Sampling and Dose Prediction Model for Cisplatin Using a Bayesian Approach

AbstractA dose prediction method for cisplatin based on the Bayesian principle and with use of limited blood sampling is described. A reference population was used to establish plasma total platinum (Pt) pharmacokinetics. the limited sampling method, using two assays values, was validated with a second population. In the following step a cisplatin dosing method to achieve a target concentration of Pt was evaluated. This method was validated using the limited blood sampling in two circumstances: (i) during a first infusion of cisplatin, the estimated amount of cisplatin to be infused during the days four and five was 95.0 ± 12.8% of the actual amount (12 patients); (ii) during any other infusion, the estimated amount of cisplatin to be infused during the ensuing period was 104.8 ± 13.0% of the actual amount (17 patients). the variability of this method to predict individual pharmacokinetics and individual cisplatin dosage appeared acceptable for most clinical use.

High-Dose Biweekly Intraperitoneal Cisplatin: An Effective Way to Increase Cisplatin Dose Intensity

The amount of cisplatin (DDP) delivered per unit time (dose intensity, expressed in mg/m2/week) may be an important factor in determining the clinical outcome in tumors such as ovarian carcinoma. In this neoplasm, intraperitoneal chemotherapy is an effective form of treatment. In this trial we have explored the tactic of shortening the cycle interval as a way to increase the dose intensity of ip DDP. Sixteen patients with a variety of solid tumors received a total of 77 cycles of DDP 180 mg/m2 instilled ip concurrent with iv sodium thiosulfate at the dose of 4 g/m2 as loading dose, followed by 12 g/m2 over 6 hr. Each cycle was repeated every 2 weeks. The number of cycles delayed for 3 or more days was 28 (36%). The mean DDP dose intensity received by these patients was 77% of the planned dose or 69 mg/m2/week (confidence interval 95%, 60.5-77.5). The treatment was generally well tolerated: myelotoxicity was mild, only 1 patient had an increase in serum creatinine to >2 mg/dl. Five patients (31%) developed symptoms of peripheral neuropathy. All patients were evaluable for response. The overall response rate (complete plus partial) in these heavily pretreated patients was 19%. When DDP is given in high doses by the ip route concurrently with systemic sodium thiosulfate, the dosing interval can be reduced to every 2 weeks permitting a marked increase in DDP dose intensity.

Preparation and characterization of cisplatin-loaded polymethyl methacrylate microspheres

Non-biodegradable microspheres containing cisplatin were prepared by the solvent evaporation method, to achieve a sustained drug delivery system for local chemotherapy in bone tumors. Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) was chosen as coating material, since this polymer is widely used as a bone cement in orthopaedic surgery, particularly in total hip arthroplasty. The present study was carried out to show how various process parameters could influence the preparation of PMMA microspheres and their properties. Microsphere size and morphology were controlled by the nature and the concentration of the emulsifying agent. The amount of cisplatin that could be incorporated into the microspheres depended on the solubility of the drug in the aqueous phase and the rate of precipitation of PMMA at the droplet surface. The drug content was also influenced by the organic solvent: aqueous phase ratio. In vitro drug release was increased by addition of a porosity agent. The different parameters were optimized in order to achieve various drug release rates and high cisplatin loadings. Successful results were obtained with cisplatin, a highly water-soluble compound, whereas the solvent evaporation method is usually used for the entrapment of lipophilic drugs.