Amount Of Trash Research Articles

Effluent wastewater technologies for textile industry: a review

Abstract The textile industry contributes significantly to the expansion of the world economy, however, it is also notorious for producing large amounts of trash and harming the environment. Effective waste management techniques depend on having a thorough understanding of the forms and makeup of waste from the textile sector. The objective of this paper is to study effluent wastewater technologies to efficiently treat and control the wastewater produced during textile production operations. It is well known that the textile industry generates vast amounts of wastewater, some of which may be contaminated with heavy metals, chemicals, dyes, and organic compounds. This effluent can have serious negative effects on the environment if it is not adequately treated, including contaminating soil and water sources, removing aquatic life, and possibly endangering human health. Due to the inclusion of dyes, heavy metals, and other chemicals, the discharge of untreated or improperly treated effluent from textile processes leads to water contamination. Textile waste can leak hazardous compounds into the environment and contaminate the soil, both of which have an impact on air quality. The environmental impact of the textile industry is further exacerbated by the energy and resource use involved in production. At several points in the textile supply chain, waste is generated. Fibre trimmings, fly waste, and yarn waste are produced during the fibre production, spinning, and weaving operations. There are numerous ways and technologies for treating wastewater, including advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), biological treatment systems, and membrane-based technologies. The formation of eco-friendly materials and advancements in recycling technology help to make the textile industry more closed-loop and sustainable. In conclusion, managing waste from the textile sector is a significant environmental concern that calls for creative solutions and environmentally friendly procedures.

IoT Based Water Pollution Monitoring RC Boat

Abstract: As we all know that, water is life. And getting clean and pure water in our day-to-day life is becoming harder by the each passing day. Due the tremendous increase in pollution in water this is leading to poor health and unfulfilled need day to day needs of the mankind. Such increment inpollution of water is mainly seen in the rural areas. So, this particular project is aiming to find the solution for the increasing water pollution in different water bodies like lakes, ponds, etc. This project mainly contains the RC boat which willour inbuilt pollution detecting system. The main components ofthe system contain sensors like pH senor, and Turbidity senor, these sensors collect the value from the water bodies and send itto the thingspeak website. After that processing is being done onthe collected data and it will monitor the pollution level in the water. By creating this system, it becomes easier for us to detect and monitor the amount of trash or pollution being present in any water body. And further my knowing this it will help in theprevention of polluted water as well as treating the polluted water.

IOT BASED SMART DUSTBIN AND MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

Dustbins are used for disposing the waste. When it gets overflowed, people throw the waste outside the dustbin until the garbage collector clears the dustbin.It makes the place surrounded by mosquitoes, bugs etc., and mainly affects the environment and creates several unhygienic problems. To overcome this problem, we have proposed a system called “Smart City Waste Management System using IOT’ to manage the waste. The sensors are placed on the top of normal garbage bins to measure the amount of trash and find the formation of any toxic gases. These measures make the sensors send the notifications in form of messages to waste management board. Keywords: Internet Of Things (IOT), Automatic Dustbin, Sensor Networks, Wireless Communication.

Garbage Classification Using Deep Learning

Garbage disposal is a critical responsibility in maintaining a healthy and green environment. The recycling business is thriving as inhabitants of India become more aware of the necessity of a clean environment in terms of reducing natural resource use and rubbish disposal. The amount of trash generated in daily life has an impact on land, water, and air, posing a major threat to aquatic animals and their habitats, as well as humans, if not properly managed. Conventional garbage disposal systems are on the rise, requiring accurate and efficient segmentation and recognition processes. This demand corresponds to an increase in the computing capacity of modern computer systems as well as more efficient picture recognition methods. To address this issue, the garbage categorization process is automated by using an image classifier with a convolutional neural network (CNN), which reduces waste segregation time and costs. The goal of automating the process is to reduce human intervention and increase productivity in the waste segregation process. In this paper, three distinct models are tested for greater accuracy: Simple CNN, ResNet50, and VGG16 are trained on various image datasets and used to extract features from images, which are then fed into a classifier for dump/trash categorization. The learned models are then loaded into the mobile application.

Assessing the Performance of Off-Grid Solar Photovoltaic Power Plants in Supporting Aquaponics Systems

In an aquaponics system, the electricity produced by photovoltaic solar power (PLTS) is stored in batteries and used to power the water pumps. Using natural microorganisms to transform fish waste into plant nutrients, aquaponics is a cultivation method that blends fish and plant cultivation. The aquaponics system helps reduce the amount of trash released into the environment and is beneficial to the environment. The main goal of this study is to evaluate an off-grid PLTS system's functionality as a DC water pump power source in an aquaponics setting. This study's goal is to evaluate how well the PLTS operates when powering the DC water pump that circulates water in the aquaponics system.According to performance tests, the off-grid PLTS generates an average energy of 503.8 Wh, which is enough to power the DC pump for 20 hours a day of water circulation. The water pump uses only 382.6 Wh of electricity each day. With an average solar panel efficiency of 4.97%, an average solar charge controller (SCC) efficiency of 60.51%, and an average pump efficiency of 79.91%, the Off-grid PLTS demonstrates efficiency. With a daily solar irradiation of 7.8 kWh/m2, the average energy loss in the solar panel is 5.29 kWh/kWp, whereas the average energy loss in the system is 0.10 kWh/kWp. All things considered, these results provide insight into how well the Off-grid PLTS functions as a power source for the DC water pump in an aquaponics system.

Analyzing solid waste management practices for the hotel industry

The waste management agenda is significant, and it requires administrative attention, guidance, and public awareness on a priority basis. Effective waste management impacts social, economic, and ecological concerns. The purpose of this research was to survey methods for managing solid waste in the hospitality sector. To reduce their negative effects on the environment, stay in compliance with regulations, and make their guests happier, hotels must have efficient waste management systems. Some important practices involve carrying out waste audits, reducing waste at its source, recycling, composting, and managing hazardous waste properly. To show their dedication to environmental protection and ethical business practices, hotels may optimise their waste management through staff training, stakeholder involvement, and continuous improvement in initiatives. By adopting these practices, we can lessen the amount of trash that ends up in landfills and assist in rendering the hotel business more sustainable. There is significance difference between presence of garden and restaurant on solid waste generation rate. The information presented in this article is crucial for waste management planning and resource allocation in many different types of contexts, including residential, industrial as well as hotels.

Pengelolaan Limbah Pasar Organik Menjadi Produk Eco Enzyme Dalam Upaya Mengurangi Pencemaran Lingkungan

Trash is often found in public places, and traditional markets are one of the public places where a large amount of trash is generated. Market activities generate a large amount of waste, including unused and unwanted leftovers from market stalls and stalls.One step towards reducing the amount of organic waste on the market is the production of eco-enzymes. This can be done through various methods such as aerobic or anaerobic composting and the production of eco-enzymes.This eco-enzyme production is an efficient solution in terms of space management and can also be used in home environments.

Waste Management Education for Preventing Infectious Diseases among Coastal Community in Watu Ulo Beach, Jember

Issues related to waste do not only occur in urban environments. Coastal areas are also not free from issues related to waste. Not only rubbish from the local community but rubbish from tourists also contributes to the large amount of trash in coastal areas. Waste that is not appropriately managed in the environment can be a source of disease. For this reason, it is necessary to increase public knowledge regarding waste processing to prevent the emergence of disease. Apart from that, the public is educated regarding the disease's symptoms and how to treat it. This community service activity occurred in Watu Ulo, Sumberejo Village, Ambulu SubDistrict, Jember Regency. The training was attended by 23 participants who were coastal youth. The results obtained were based on gender; the majority are male, and based on the occupation, the majority are fishermen, and the knowledge of respondents increased after counselling. Conclusion From this training, there has been increased respondents' knowledge through education about waste management socialization.

A Review of Medical Waste, its Environmental Consequences and Management Strategies: A Burning Issue of the Present Day Society

Medical waste has enormous consequences for human health and the environment. It has the potential to cause severe disease, if not death. If drugs end up near wildlife refuges like parks, lakes, and other natural environments, whole populations of species might be wiped off therefore its management is vital due to the potential for environmental and public health hazards, especially in countries which are in the process of development. It is crucial to collect data and examples from a developed nation or a nation with an efficient medical waste management system. Cities are expected to accommodate 65 percent of the globe's population by 2030. The amount of residential waste produced in Mumbai on a regular basis is approximated to be the equal of an eight-story building complex. The atmosphere in cities is so bad that an estimated two million kids under the age of five die from respiratory problems each year. Hospitals, retail stores selling vegetables, seafood, and other items, as well as bus stops, train stations, and amusement parks, are all filthy and serve as breedi­ng grounds for dangerous diseases. In developing nations like India, the amount of trash generated by hospitals is significantly rising, hence monitoring is important. The growing interest for public health excellence and pollution management, necessities that the large quantity of hazardous waste be rendered as innocuous very quickly, prior to its disposal. The main aim of this paper is to highlight the issues surrounding medical waste, its environmental repercussions, and the management procedure.

Traversing the Waste Spectrum: Unveiling Pakistan's MSW Landscape and Solutions

Municipal solid waste (MSW) management must be sustainable in order to meet the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and address health, environmental, and disposal challenges caused by the vast amounts of trash generated. MSW management going wrong puts locals in danger. In Pakistan, the production of municipal solid trash is rising daily. Urban settlers and other organizations gather a lot of waste in various forms, usually defiling and making our surroundings uninviting. Due to the indiscriminate dumping of various wastes, the soil quality in the metropolitan area has decreased as a result of solid and liquefied waste disposal. Significant environmental concerns regarding soil and water pollution arise from transferring contaminated garbage and mixed fluid outside of waste disposal borders. The impacts of municipal garbage disposal on soil and water quality at open waste dumping sites were the main focus of this review. Using a soil and water quality index, in many regions of the world especially in regions where waste management practices are insufficient, the contamination of soil and water owing to incorrect municipal solid waste disposal is a serious environmental hazard. Open dumping, unregulated landfilling, and illegal dumping are examples of improper waste disposal practices that can result in pollution that affects the quality of the soil and water. They must also seek to identify sustainable waste management solutions. The effect of these emitted gaseous emissions has, however, been thoroughly researched. To safeguard the environment and public health, quick action must be made to control trace element pollution.

Managing waste behavior by manipulating the normative appeal of trash bins: Lessons from an urban field experiment

Littering is a problem in many human societies. In this study, 9 individual street bins were manipulated on a central street in the city of Gävle, Sweden. The aim was to explore if changing the appearance of the bins, thereby manipulating the different types of social norms they signal, can increase the amount of trash they collect and mitigate littering. A field experiment tested the effectiveness of two alternatives to the conventional grey street bin; one bin foliated with pictures drawn by school children containing a normative anti-littering message (explicit norm), and one bright orange salient bin (implicit norm). Observed behavioral data was collected, and both the weight and volume of trash in the bins were measured each day for a period of one month. The results showed a tendency for the salient orange bin to increase trash collection compared to other bins; an effect most tangible towards the end of the weeks. The biggest effect was, however, that the explicitly normative bin reduced trash collection overall. These results provide lessons on how the appearance of bins can influence trash collection, potentially resulting in both desirable and undesirable outcomes.

ANALYSIS OF MESOPLASTIC WASTE COMPOSITION IN TOURISM AREA, MUARA BADAK DISTRICT, KUTAI KARTANEGARA REGENCY, EAST KALIMANTAN

Waste is one of the problems for people all over the world, marine debris can come from community activities from the mainland or from the coast. Most of the activities of coastal communities may produce waste including fishing and tourism activities. Research on plastic waste in the Tourism Beach area of Muara Badak District was conducted to identify the type of mesoplastic, analyze the total weight, density and proportion of mesoplastic and determine differences in mesoplastic. This research was conducted at two tourist beach locations, namely Panrita Lopi Beach and Jingga Beach. The research method used was Purpusive Sampling method with recycling and making transect lines with a size of 100 m × 20 m, followed by dividing the transect into 5 lanes measuring 5 m x 5 m. Four types of mesoplastic were found, namely film, fiber, fragment and styrofoam. The amount of trash found on both beaches was 53 particles with the number of particles on Panrita Lopi Beach as many as 32 particles and Jingga Beach was 21 particles. The results of the composition of the percentage of waste obtained at Panrita Lopi Beach were 50% for fragment types and at Jingga Beach for 71% for filament types. The most common amount of trash found was at Panrita Lopi Beach, this was due to the fact that the number of visitors was greater than that of Pantau Jingga. The relationship between length and weight of waste at Panrita Lopi Beach was 94% while at Jingga Beach it was 58%.

Experimental investigation on flow of trash rack blockage in front of pumping station

Trash rack blockage significantly affects the water levels and velocity distributions near trash racks, influencing the performance of subsequent hydraulic systems. An experiment was conducted where alligator weeds, green grasses, woven bags, denim, and cotton fabrics were used as typical trash. Under different amounts of trash, approach velocities and water depths, the movement and aggregation characteristics of the trash were observed and measured. The water level difference and the velocity distributions of cross-sections near trash racks were measured and analysed. A general dimensionless expression was advanced to calculate the head loss coefficient of the trash rack. We introduced the local head loss formula of trash rack blockage based on measured velocity distributions. The results indicate that the water level difference is related to blocked trash characteristics and the approach velocity. The velocity distributions are determined by the blocked location and blocked area on the rack surface. Backflow occurs in severe blockage, which makes the velocity distribution uneven and increases the local head loss.

Study of the impact in bituminous mix using crushed waste glass

Glass may be utilized in a wide variety of contexts; nevertheless, as its use expands, so does the amount of trash that is generated annually from broken glass. Reusing or recycling these products is the most productive course of action that may be taken. This study's objective is to determine how well a flexible bituminous pavement functions after having broken glass shards added to it as aggregate material. Crushed glass was added to the mixture at percentages of 5%, 10%, and 15% by weight. An equivalent amount of glass particles replaced fine aggregate in order to meet the target. As the proportion of glass in the mixture increased, the optimal binder composition of the mixture dropped. Both the flow values and the stability values rose rapidly as the fraction of shattered glass increased; however, the stability values decreased as the glass content reached 15%. According to the findings of the research that was conducted, substituting crushed glass for fine aggregates might potentially increase the stability and flow value of the design mix by up to 10%. The structural qualities of the mix would improve, and the amount of crushed waste glass produced would decrease. This partial replacement for fine total would without a doubt improve the longevity of the adaptable bituminous asphalt, and as an added perk, the amount of time spent unloading crushed waste glass would be decreased by half.

Agricultural Wastewater Treatment Using Oil Palm Waste Activated Hydrochar for Reuse in Plant Irrigation: Synthesis, Characterization, and Process Optimization

The best possible use of natural resources and the large amounts of trash produced by industrial and human activity is necessary for sustainable development. Due to the threat of global climate change and other environmental challenges, waste management systems are changing, leading to more instances of water resource management. The waste generated must be controlled from a sustainability point of view. Typically, the conventional disposal of Agricultural Wastewater (AW) and biomass can be achieved by recycling, reusing, and converting them into a variety of green products. To improve the AW quality for the purposes of environmental sustainability, Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 6 and 14, dealing with clean water, sanitation, and life below water, are very important goals. Therefore, the present investigation evaluates the effectiveness of a Bench-scale Activated Sludge Reactor (BASR) system for AW treatment. The BASR was designed to focus on getting the maximum possible utilization out of a biosorbent derived from oil palm waste activated hydrochar (OPAH). This is in accordance with SDG 9, which targets inorganic and organic waste utilization for added value. An experiment was developed using the Response Surface Methodology (RSM). A Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT) of 1–3 days was used in the bioreactor’s setup and operation, and Mixed Liquor Suspended Solids (MLSS) concentrations of 4000–6000 mg/L were used. BASR was fed with AW with initial mean concentrations of 4486 ± 5.63 mg/L and 6649 ± 3.48 for the five-day Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) experiments, respectively. The results obtained showed that maximum reductions of 84.66% and 72.07% were recorded for BOD5 and COD, respectively. Through RSM optimization, the greatest reductions in the amounts of organic materials were achieved with a 2-day HRT and an MLSS dosage of 5000 mg/L. Substrate elimination thresholds were assessed using the first-order, the Grau second-order, and the modified Stover–Kincannon models. The reported observations were found to be perfectly fit by the modified Stover–Kincannon model, with high R2 values of 0.9908 and 0.9931 for BOD5 and COD, respectively. As a result, the model may be used to design the BASR system and forecast how the reactor would behave. The findings from this study suggest that the developed OPAH has promising potential to be applied as eco-friendly material for the removal of BOD5 and COD from AW. Consequently, the study findings additionally possess the ability to address SDGs 6, 9, and 14, in order to fulfil the United Nations (UN) goals through 2030.

The Use of Disposable Supplies: Measuring Suburethral Sling Surgical Waste by Cost and Weight.

The health care industry is a leading contributor to solid waste in the United States, and two thirds of a hospital's regulated medical waste is produced from surgery. The primary objective was to assess the utilization of single-use disposable supplies during suburethral sling cases. We observed suburethral sling plus cystoscopy procedures at an academic medical center. Cases with concomitant procedures were excluded. Our primary outcome was the quantity of wasted supplies, defined as disposable supplies that were opened at the start of the procedure and were unused. Secondarily, we quantified those supplies in both weight and United States dollars. In a subset of cases, we obtained the weight of the total amount of trash generated from the procedure. A total of 20 cases were observed. Most frequently wasted items included an emesis basin, large ring basin, and rectangle plastic tray. Redundant supplies wasted included a 1-L sterile water bottle and, on average, 2.73 (SD, 2.34) blue towels. The sum of the weight of the wasted items among cases was 1.33 lb, associated with $9.50. The average total amount of trash produced from 11 cases was 14.13 lb (SD, 2.27). Removal of the most frequently wasted items would achieve a 9.4% reduction in solid waste produced by the case. A large waste burden per surgical case was produced by a minor procedure. Removal of frequently wasted items, a reduced number of towels, and smaller cystoscopy fluid bags are simple strategies that would decrease overall waste production.

Regional assessment of trash in Southern California coastal watersheds, United States

Trash impairment of watersheds has been recognized as a worldwide environmental problem. Trash monitoring in streams and rivers is necessary to enhance our understanding of its effects on freshwater habitats and the role of streams as a conduit for transport to marine environments. Southern California, with a population of over 22 million, is home to nearly 7,400 km of wadeable streams in watersheds spanning a variety of land uses, making it an ideal region to study the extent and magnitude of trash and trash types (plastic, metal, glass, etc.) and identify relationships between land use and the amount of trash. These data can be used to develop mitigation strategies and evaluate management successes. We found that 77% of Southern California’s coastal stream kilometers contained trash, with an estimated stock of 7 million pieces of trash. Of the types enumerated, plastic trash was the most ubiquitous, present in 69% of stream kilometers, and the most abundant, with an estimated stock of over 4.3 million pieces of plastic. The most common items were single-use plastic containers, wrappers, and plastic bags. Urban land use was associated with the greatest extent and magnitude of trash, with levels nearly double those found in open land uses. Trash was strongly associated with indicators of human activity and development in watersheds. Road density and proximity to roads and parking lots were strongly associated with increased trash in watersheds. This survey also suggested that management actions had a positive effect on trash count. After the previous trash survey in Southern California streams in 2011–2013, a statewide ban on plastic bags was implemented in 2016. We found a significant decrease in the number of plastic bags within streams in the present survey compared to the previous survey.

Reasonable Motivations and Barriers for College Students to Effectively Sort Household Waste

The amount of trash generated by college students on campus is enormous, with the average college student generating up to 640 pounds of trash per year, most of which accumulates at the end of the year when they move out of school. It has become a very wasteful annual tradition for many students to choose not to sort their trash and simply concentrate on throwing away most of their personal items and start over the next year to repurchase them. This waste is largely avoidable, as much of it can still be used. If the promotion of student waste sorting is to be successful, it is important to understand the motivations and barriers to students not sorting their waste. This paper examines this by constructing a Nash equilibrium model of the MSU student-school game and by conducting semi-structured interviews with students. It is found that there are several very focused reasons for students' motivations and barriers for not sorting garbage. Although college students have begun their higher education, the scope of their education is frequently limited, and many of them still lack common-sense knowledge about garbage sorting. College students often prefer to spend their time on social, athletic, and academic activities, which gives most students an excuse for being pressed for time and believing they do not have the time to do the tedious task of sorting garbage. At the same time, many students believe that everything they do will have a substantial gain for them; socializing will increase their popularity, and studying is the obvious direct gain of knowledge, compared to which sorting garbage does not seem to be so outstanding. On the other hand, there are problems with the school's management. Many students report that the school lacks garbage cans to sort garbage. These hindrances often limit the motivation of college students to sort their garbage.

Recycling of plastic wastage by die shredder machine

Recycling plastic is one of the best ways to cut down on the amount of trash that needs to be taken care of, so we put it at the top of the list of priorities for this project. A “shredder” is a machine that can cut plastic into pieces of different sizes. The shredder machine has a crusher assembly with a single axle shaft. Its main job is to cut things, and how well it does that depends on how strong it is at shear and impact. Because recycling equipment is so expensive and hard to set up, our company was the first to think of making machines that shred plastic. The motor, frame, blades, and spacers are all attached to the rotor's central hexagonal shaft. A V-belt drive system sends power from the motor shaft to the hexagonal shaft. This depends on the material being cut. This is done before cutting the material. Now, the hexagonal shaft will turn in the same direction as the blades in the mechanism box.Everyone looks at the frame, shredding blade, shredding shaft, extrusion barrel, and extrusion screw. Because of the changes made to the control system, the temperature control on the extrusion machine and the direction control on the AC motor now work.

The Girl Who Heard the Music: How One Pianist and 85,000 Bottles and Cans Brought New Hope to an Island by Marni Fogelson (review)

Reviewed by: The Girl Who Heard the Music: How One Pianist and 85,000 Bottles and Cans Brought New Hope to an Island by Marni Fogelson April Spisak Fogelson, Marni The Girl Who Heard the Music: How One Pianist and 85,000 Bottles and Cans Brought New Hope to an Island; written by Marni Fogelson and Mahani Teave; illus. by Marta Álvarez Miguéns. Sourcebooks, 2023 [40p] Trade ed. ISBN 9781728262314 $18.99 Reviewed from digital galleys R Gr. 2-4 This picture book biography focuses on the life and activism of Mahani Teave, a talented musician who grew up on Rapa Nui (known more widely as Easter Island, a designation assigned to it by Dutch explorers in the early 1700s), left to pursue a career as a concert pianist, and ultimately returned home to help repair environmental damage to her island and begin a musical school. Frequent time jumps, heavy use of similes, and clever, enthusiastic asides all create an informal pace and tone that is accessible to young readers, and the book wisely focuses on the activism done on one island, narrowing the overwhelming global crisis of climate change down to a specific school that is a model of recycling and creative, intelligent use of natural resources. The illustrations are dreamy and bright with highlights of organic shades and flowing, peaceful lines, emphasizing the natural beauty even while there are grave concerns about, for example, the environmental damage tourists have done to the land or the shocking amount of trash in the surrounding ocean. Extensive end matter rewards the persistent reader with a wealth of information about Earthships (the type of innovative and environmentally friendly building blueprint used to construct the music school), background on the island language and culture, and a biography of Teave's life that provides further detail about the dates she studied, her musical career, and what specifically drew her back to Rapa Nui. Copyright © 2023 The Board of Trustees of the University of Illinois