Amounts Of Phenylalanine Research Articles

Antisickling activity of hydroxybenzoic acids in Cajanus cajan.

The amounts of phenylalanine and hydroxybenzoic acid in a Cajanus cajan methanolic extract were estimated. Results showed that the amount of phenylalanine and hydroxybenzoic acid per gram weight of bean was 4.92 mg +/- 0.13 mg and 21.0 mg +/- 3.0 micrograms, respectively. Sickling inhibition was observed to be efficient with the extract which contains a mixture of phenylalanine (0.69 mg/ml) and p-hydroxybenzoic acid (10.5 micrograms/ml), equivalent to those found in bean extract. The additive antisickling effect of both compounds can be therapeutically exploited for the treatment of sickle cell anemia.

Identification and quantitation of phenylalanine, tyrosine and dihydroxyphenylalanine in the thoracic nervous system of the locust, Schistocerca gregaria, by gas chromatography— negative-ion chemical ionisation mass spectrometry

Phenylalanine, tyrosine and dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) were identified unambiguously and quantitatively determined in single ventral thoracic nerve cords from the locust, Schistocerca gregaria, by gas chromatography—negative-ion chemical ionisation mass spectrometry. Deuterium-labelled analogues of each compound were added to a single ventral thoracic nerve cord in hydrochloric acid; the tissue was homogenised and the suspension centrifuged. The remaining hydrochloric acid was eliminated azeotropically by repeated additions of acetonitrile followed by evaporation under a stream of nitrogen and the resultant residue derivatised by reaction with hexafluoroisopropanol and pentafluoropropionic anhydride. Under negative-ion chemical ionisation conditions, the hexafluoroisopropanol—pentafluoropropionyl derivatives produced characteristic ions which were sufficiently abundant to be suitable for selected-ion monitoring. This method is highly specific and gave a limit of detection below the nanogram level. The amounts of phenylalanine, tyrosine and DOPA in a single ventral thoracic nerve cord were, respectively, 194 ± 81, 347 ± 88 and 11 ± 11 ng per tissue.

Effect of aspartame on plasma amino acid profiles of diabetic patients with chronic renal failure

A randomized, double-blind study was conducted to determine the possible effects of aspartame on the plasma amino acid profiles of 23 diabetic patients with renal failure who were undergoing maintenance hemodialysis. Subjects were given a single dose of 10 mg aspartame/kg (approximately equivalent to 25 packets of Equal [NutraSweet Consumer Products, Inc, Chicago, IL] or the amount of phenylalanine in a 300-mL glass of milk) or a placebo in a crossover study design. Three postdialysis blood samples were drawn just before and 1 and 2 h after aspartame or placebo consumption. After aspartame consumption statistically significant increases in only two amino acids, phenylalanine and tyrosine, were noted at 1 and 2 h when compared with placebo values. The increases in phenylalanine were within the normal postprandial range for healthy subjects; no other increases in essential or nonessential amino acids, except for tyrosine, were detected. This study supports the view that aspartame is safe for diabetic subjects with chronic renal failure.

Effect of chlorocholine chloride and gibberellic acid on the anthocyanin synthesis in radish seedlings

Anthocyanin synthesis in radish (Raphanus sativus L. cv. Scarlet Globe) seedlings after treatment with chlorocholine chloride (CCC) and gibberellic acid (GA) has been investigated. CCC promotes and GA3 inhibits the synthesis. When both substances are given together, CCC reverses the inhibition caused by GA3. Simultaneous external feeding of anthocyanin precursors (sucrose and phenylalanine) reverses the GA3 inhibition. A higher amount of total free amino acids, in particular phenylalanine, was present in CCC‐treated seedlings compared to controls grown on distilled water. The amount of phenylalanine was lower in seedlings treated with both CCC and GA3 as compared to seedlings treated with CCC alone, and total free sugars (reducing plus non‐reducing) was lower in CCC treated seedlings than in controls grown on distilled water. We conclude that CCC and GA3 control the anthocyanin synthesis at the level of precursors.

Collision complexes between purines and phenylalanine: a 1H NMR study.

Abstract Addition of increasing amounts of phenylalanine in dilute aqueous solutions of adenine, theophilline, theobromine, caffeine and tetramethyluric acid induces proton chemical shift changes that can be interpreted on the basis of the existence of 1:1 complexes. Their formation quotients are comparable to those of the analogous complexes formed by purines with benzene in apolar solvents. Differences among formation quotients of a given complex, extracted from different nuclei of the purine, hint that 1:2 or higher complexes may be present, but the extremely narrow concentration range accessible for the donor compound prevents an accurate numerical analysis of these equilibria.

UNIMPAIRED LEARNING ABILITY OF RATS MADE ARTIFICIALLY PHENYLKETONURIC DURING FETAL OR NEONATAL LIFE.

SummaryRats made artificially phenylketonuria during fetal or early neonatal life by administration of large amounts of phenylalanine showed no defect in learning ability when tested later for capacity to acquire visual discrimination. Administration of large amounts of 5-HTP failed to correct the low brain serotonin concentrations characteristic of artificial phenylketonuria, The results of this investigation do not provide support for the theory that a serotonin deficiency in brain during infancy causes the mental defect characteristic of human phenylketonuria. In addition, it appears unlikely that the rat is a suitable experimental animal for exploring the exact mechanism of the mental defect of phenylketonuria in man.

Precipitation Pattern of Serum Proteins in Phenylpyruvic Oligophrenia

Jervis, et al.,1 have shown that the serum of phenylpyruvic oligo-phrenic individuals contains an abnormal amount of phenylalanine. In view of the recognized effects of small amounts of amino acids on the molecular dispersion of the proteins2 it seemed possible that abnormalities in the state of the serum proteins might occur in this disease. Perlzweig, Kondritzer and Bruch3 found that in pathological conditions fractional precipitation of the serum proteins with gradually increasing quantities of potassium phosphate at pH 6.5-6.8, according to Butler and Montgomery,4 frequently reveals significant changes which are not brought out by the conventional methods for the determination of albumins and globulins by precipitation with an arbitrarily fixed concentration of a neutral salt.In the present investigation the fractional precipitation procedure was applied to the serum proteins of 8 physically healthy patients in whom a diagnosis of phenylpyruvic oligophrenia had been made, and 8 healthy persons as cont...