Amount Of Notice Research Articles

ANALYSIS OF EPIGRAPH AS A PECULIAR TONGUE IN GEORGE ELIOT’S NOVELS

While it may be the modern reader’s habit to skip or skim the epigraphs, their use in George Eliot’s novels generated a substantial amount of notice. By the time, Eliot published Daniel Deronda, her epigraphs had grown substantially in number and length, and most readers found them tiresome. Critics cited the novel’s first epigraph, which relates to the arbitrary nature of all beginnings, as a prime example of Eliot’s sententiousness. Formally, epigraphs illuminate the difficulty of deciding where a narrative actually begins. They raise questions about the extent to which beginnings establish the parameters of what will follow, and whether endings determine how we understand beginnings. This article contests the assertion that Eliot’s epigraphs are inordinately long, or long-winded, Eliot’s use of maxims, quoted as epigraphs, and her mimesis of them, in order to demonstrate the moral implications of the form.

Parental perception of neonatal retro-transfers from level 3 to level 2 neonatal intensive care units

Objective The primary objective of this study was to determine the overall parental satisfaction with retro-transfers from a level 3 to a level 2 Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). The secondary objectives were to explore factors that caused parental satisfaction associated with retro-transfer and investigate the factors that could be modified to improve the retro-transfer process. Methods This is a retrospective cross-sectional study. Questionnaires were mailed to all parents of infants transferred from level 3 to level 2 NICUs from 2016 to 2017. Independent samples t-tests, Spearman’s rank correlations, and multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify factors associated with parental retro-transfer satisfaction. Results Our response rate was 39.1% (n = 140). Of all parents, 64.29% parents were extremely satisfied with the overall retro-transfer process. In our bivariate analyses, multiple factors were found to be strongly associated with parental retro-transfer satisfaction, including parental level of education, the amount of notice and rationale given for the retro-transfer and the level of parental communication and engagement with their infant’s healthcare team before and after transfer. Multiple logistic regression analyses revealed that when questions regarding the retro-transfer were answered and the level 2 NICU team demonstrated a concrete understanding of the infant’s medical issues and history, parental satisfaction increased. Conclusion Majority of parents were satisfied with the retro-transfer process. However, close collaboration and ongoing and open lines of communication between parents and the level 3 NICU healthcare teams will increase parental retro-transfer satisfaction rates.

‘An inordinate number of words’: Epigraphs in Daniel Deronda

While it may be the modern reader’s habit to skip or skim the epigraphs, their use in George Eliot’s novels generated a substantial amount of notice. By the time Eliot published Daniel Deronda, her epigraphs had grown substantially in number and length, and most readers found them tiresome. Critics cited the novel’s first epigraph, which relates to the arbitrary nature of all beginnings, as a prime example of Eliot’s sententiousness. Formally, epigraphs illuminate the difficulty of deciding where a narrative actually begins. They raise questions about the extent to which beginnings establish the parameters of what will follow, and whether endings determine how we understand beginnings. This article contests the assertion that Eliot’s epigraphs are inordinately long, or long-winded. It first considers the influence of Laurence Sterne on Eliot’s novel to argue for the importance of digression to the novel’s form. It then examines Eliot’s use of maxims, quoted as epigraphs, and her mimesis of them, in order to demonstrate the moral implications of the form. Finally, it uses Barthes to trace the maxim to the character most associated with it: Grandcourt. His linguistic concision suggests that, in this novel, digression and concision are loaded with their own moral valences.

PROBLEMS OF LEGAL REGULATION OF CREDIT CONDITIONS

Objective. The objective of the article is to research the problem of consumer crediting. As crediting plays an important part not only in ensuring the social requirements of the population, but also in influencing the development of the state’s economy in all sectors, from the production and sale of goods and services to the activities of partial divisions of the financial system. Methods. The tasks are solved with the help of such methods as the consideration and generalization of scientific, popular science literature and normative legal. Results. The authors offer to introduce some changes and improvements in the cur- rent legislation, which regulates the legal relations in the industry, and the introduction of new, modern provisions on crediting, because consumer crediting is the most popular and common type of banking operations in different countries of the world. For example, it wouldn’t be a bad thing to adopt modern amendments to the Law on Consumer Crediting, which should establish legible criteria for a consumer loan, the amount of notice that a bank should devote to a consumer, as well as establish special accountability of financial institutions for failure to comply with the obligation to provide relevant information, etc. The authors conclude that there is an urgent need to develop a modern Crediting Regulation, which defines the definitive agreements and general provisions for the conclusion of transactions, because bank lending has become widespread, because due to lack of funds from citizens, increased pricing, many Ukrainians are forced to take loans from banks to buy real estate, home appliances, etc. In the presence of the definitive arrangements of the loan agreement: credit (cash), repayment term, payment of interest — the loan agreement is affected by the nature, determinative and opposing agreements on the part of state regulation, which occurs through the methods and forms of state regulation of economic function and banking regulation. At present, such methods and forms are obliged to be defined and compared to the system in the legislation, in the intersection of partial groups of economic activity, that is — the activity of banks.

Six weeks' notice of the on-call roster: fact or fantasy? An audit study.

Work-life balance is directly linked to morale, job satisfaction and staff retention - all of which are linked to high quality patient care. Receiving the duty roster in advance is the first step towards achieving any work-life balance, but anecdotally doctors frequently receive very little notice of this. This audit assessed NHS trusts' compliance with the Code of Practice, with specific reference to advance notification of duty rosters. The duty roster should be made available 6 weeks before commencement of post. The initial audit comprised a survey sent to all London surgical CT1s starting in October 2016. The interventions introduced following this were creation of a shared spreadsheet containing roster coordinator contact details, reminder emails sent to roster coordinators and distribution of results to NHS Improvement. A repeat survey was sent to all London surgical CT1s and CT2s starting in October 2017. In the initial audit 48/88 (55%) responded, of whom 4/48 (8%) received their duty roster in accordance with the standard and 9/48 (19%) did not receive the roster at all before starting. A total of 40/48 (83%) of trainees had to make specific contact with their future NHS trust in order to obtain their roster. In this initial audit 12/48 (25%) of trainees were satisfied or very satisfied with the amount of notice given. In the reaudit 133/178 (75%) responded, of whom 23/133 (17%) had received their roster in accordance with the standard and 25/133 (19%) did not receive the roster at all before starting. A total of 97/133 (73%) of trainees had to make specific contact with their future NHS trust in order to obtain their roster. In the reaudit 56/133 (42%) of trainees were satisfied or very satisfied with the amount of notice given. This closed loop audit led to a doubling in the proportion of trainees receiving their rosters in accordance with the standard, and this was associated with an increase in trainee satisfaction levels. However, adherence to the standard remained low in both phases of the audit, and a significant proportion of trainees continue to commence jobs without any knowledge of their on-call roster. A range of measures is proposed to address this.

The Final Hurdle: A Physician’s Guide to Negotiating a Fair Employment Agreement

The Final Hurdle: A Physician’s Guide to Negotiating a Fair Employment Agreement

Breaking the Pattern: The Origins and Intentions of Take Our Daughters to Work Day

Breaking the Pattern: The Origins and Intentions of Take Our Daughters to Work Day Linda M. Scott (bio) The annual “Take Our Daughters and Sons to Work Day” encourages parents and employers to invite children into their workplace during a special set-aside school day. Today, nearly 40 million people, children and adults, worldwide, take part in this effort to expose the young to the possibilities of careers in adulthood. The field event has a broad range of aims, according to the Take Our Daughters and Sons to Work Foundation, including showing a balanced work and family life, providing an opportunity to envision the future, and contributing to a more equitable world by “bringing boys and girls together.”1 Born in the United States as “Take Our Daughters to Work Day,” this highly popular field trip was initially intended to break the patterns of enculturating girls that led to a lopsided gender mix in the workplace. From the first day, however, detractors objected to the “exclusion” of boys. Eventually, the founders of the event capitulated, renaming the day “Take Our Daughters and Sons to Work.” The change, however, produced further controversy, not least because of the elimination of the feminist objective. In this article, I will revisit the origins of the event, as well as the basis for its initial popularity, moving on to discuss the decision to change the focus of the event and the response to that action. However, I will then offer an analysis of the shifting landscape for women and girls, both in education and the workplace, in the ten years between the first “Take Our Daughters to Work Day” and the new re-named event, raising questions about the discomforts that may have underpinned the decision. This article is based on an interview with the woman who created Take Our Daughters to Work Day, Nell Merlino, historical records of the public response, sociological analysis of the educational circumstances of American girls between 1990 and 2020, and my own expertise in the history of American women in the workplace. The Remit Nell Merlino is an activist and entrepreneur who lives in New York and engages with a variety of civic and political initiatives, with particular emphasis on women’s economic issues. Nell began her career as a union activist demanding living wages for working women; over the years, her focus has expanded to include women in politics and entrepreneurship. She has been involved with a number of important efforts behind women’s economic empowerment, including Count Me In for Women’s Economic Independence and Make Mine A Million $ Business. When the Ms. Foundation called her during the winter of 1992, Merlino had just staged a very successful HIV awareness campaign in New York City and thus had caught the attention of many in the not-for-profit sector. The Ms. Foundation gave Nell research to read that showed the sharp drop in self-esteem that then accompanied American girls’ entry into puberty. The research was mostly based on the work done by Carol Gilligan, Harvard’s first gender studies professor, who had gained a substantial amount of public notice during the 1980s.2 The Ms. Foundation told Nell they wanted to have a New York City-based campaign. It was to be a low-budget/high-impact effort like the one she had just successfully launched on HIV but aimed instead at girls beginning adolescence. Nell began to mull over the research and to imagine campaigns that might help. During the time she was thinking through the remit, she attended a retirement party for her father. “As I sat there in that room, listening to people celebrate my father’s career, I began to think about the impact he had on me, on my life choices, including my achievements and career. He always encouraged me to think about my future, to have goals of my own.” Merlino began thinking through how this parental influence might be translated into action to support girls’ views of their own potential. From this musing, Merlino came up with the idea of Take Our Daughters to Work Day. “It wasn’t simply the idea that girls should see the workplace. I...

A in(efetividade) do Direito Penal na legislação ambiental no Estado da Paraíba

A Constituição Federativa do Brasil de 1988 estabeleceu que o meio ambiente é um bem de uso comum do povo, assegurando a todos o direito de tê-lo equilibrado, impondo ao Poder Público e à coletividade o dever de defendê-lo e preservá-lo à presente e às futuras gerações e ampliou as ações judiciais na tutela ambiental. Partindo desse preceito constitucional, a legislação ambiental brasileira tornou-se uma das mais completas e vastas do mundo, sendo composta por numerosas leis, das quais a Lei no. 9.605/1998 (Lei dos Crimes Ambientais), que representa um marco importante no Direito Penal brasileiro, garantindo à sociedade, aos órgãos ambientais e ao Ministério Público a agilidade e a eficácia para punir as pessoas físicas ou jurídicas que cometerem qualquer infração contra o meio ambiente. Com o objetivo de verificar a efetividade da aplicação desta Lei, analisou-se a quantidade de auto de infração lavrados pelo Instituto Brasileiro do Meio Ambiente e dos Recursos Naturais Renováveis (IBAMA) e pela Superintendência de Administração do Meio Ambiente (SUDEMA), no período de 2007 a 2011. Neste período, foram aplicados por estes órgãos um total de 4.957 autos de infração por desrespeito às normas ambientais. Podemos concluir que, apesar da Lei dos Crimes Ambientais (Lei no 9.605/1998) ter punições severas para as infrações cometidas contra o meio ambiente, o número de autos de infração, lavrados na SUDEMA e no IBAMA foram numerosos, devido à falsa impressão de impunidade, provocada pela ineficiência do Estado em cobrar as multas aplicadas e do judiciário considerar estas infrações penais como de menor potencial ofensivo.

The Shockley‐Queisser paper – A notable example of a scientific sleeping beauty

The Shockley‐Queisser paper – A notable example of a scientific sleeping beauty

<i>Italia Romantica: English Romantics and Italian Freedom</i> (review)

ITALIA ROMANTICA: ENGLISH ROMANTICS AND ITALIAN FREEDOM. By Roderick Cavaliero. London and New York: I. B. Tauris, 2008. Pp. x + 246. ISBN 978 1 84511 456 5. £9.99. Originally issued in hardback in 2005, over the last few years the book under review has received a fair share of attention - and a not insignificant amount of notice and praise - in a variety of newspapers, magazines and journals. As the press release accompanying the book indicates, reviewers have presented Italia Romantica as a 'lively informative survey' of the works and attitudes of Romantic English travellers and writers concerned with Italy, a book, according to the Times Literary Supplement, that 'brings us the frisson of the foreign, encountered in many forms'. In the Keats-Shelley Review, Italia Romantica has been described as a 'fascinating book' and 'a delightful cornucopia of absorbing details and intriguing, sometimes surprising connections', while The Economist has praised its 'highly entertaining account of English views of Italy' at a time when 'the British were launching themselves on the path of imperial greatness'. There is much in these judgements that may be agreed with. Cavaliero's book is undoubtedly wide-ranging and generous in its cultural reconstructions, an entertaining read full of intriguing details and connections, and a lively performance all round. Unfortunately, it is also beset with problems that, for the present reviewer, need to be addressed before considering its more valuable aspects. True enough, in spite of its rich bibliography and abundant endnotes, Cavaliero's book is not an academic publication. But its faults - some quite venial, others much more serious - should not appear in any type of publication, whether aimed at specialists or general readers. I will begin with the more venial problems. Although the book is an animated and eminently readable tour de force, sometimes its style lapses into some uncomfortably bathetic moments. A reader may smile at an image of Robert Southey 'nose down in Lisbon, writing an immense History of Brazil'; yet, when the author tells us that Gothic atmospheres could make Jane Austen's 'Henry Tilney's hair stand on end' but were 'not enough to cause Julia or Emily or Ellena to wet their knickers', this is perhaps taking the notion of a captivating conversational style a bit too far. However, since style is by definition a deeply subjective feature, perhaps not all readers will be put off by such discontinuities in register. It is when the book's content is considered that the problems become more serious, as Cavaliero's account regularly treats his readers to a number of statements that are either puzzling or just plain wrong. I'll quote just a few. Polidori's The Vampyre is misleadingly described as 'the entertainment that started the competition in the Villa Diodati'. Childe Harold's Pilgrimage is presented as an early apologia pro vita italiana sua: 'She walked in beauty like the [Italian] night'. Manfred is described as one of Byron's 'heroic narratives' and grouped together with The Giaour, The Corsair, Lara and The Siege of Corinth. There are also problems with names, for instance that of the Humanist who features in the book as 'Poggio Bracciolino', or the Tuscan warlord known as 'Castruccio Castracane, Lord of Valperga' on page 40 and then as 'Castruccio Castracano' on page 63. But it is not just the Italians who get the occasional unfair treatment. For instance, discussing Felicia Hemans's play The Vespers of Palermo, the author tells us that 'Mrs Siddons' (and we are to suppose Sarah) 'agreed to play the romantic female lead, Constance, the sister of the last Hohenstaufen emperor whom the Angevins had executed' in April 1822, when 'Walter Scott produced [the] play for the Edinburgh theatre'. In actual fact, Scott did not 'produce' the play, it was not Sarah Siddons, who had already retired from the stage, who acted in it, but rather Mrs Henry Siddons (Harriet Murray), and the character of Constance is absolutely not the 'sister of the last Hohenstaufen emperor'. …

Continuing medical education: interests of former and current residents of a physical medicine and rehabilitation residency program.

To plan targeted, relevant continuing medical educational activities, a study was undertaken to assess demographic data, practice patterns, and current continuing medical educational needs of former graduates of the physical medicine and rehabilitation program. A survey was sent to the 168 physicians who had completed a physical medicine and rehabilitation residency program from 1961 to 1995 and to the 34 then current residents in the program. Questions were asked regarding gender, year of completion of residency, certification, fellowships, current employment situation, size of practice community, work time distribution, and busiest areas of clinical practice. In addition, from a list of 47 topics plus "other," the respondents indicated in which topics they had a current strong interest in continuing their education. They also responded to questions about their most important considerations when deliberating about attending an educational activity, the amount of notice required regarding an upcoming course, and the preferred duration of educational activities. The response rate of former residents was 56% and of then current residents was 100%. Topics of interest to greater than half of the respondents, in descending order, were musculoskeletal/soft tissue disorders, therapeutic injections/nerve blocks, industrial medicine, back and neck pain rehabilitation, and sports-related disorders. There were significant differences on some topics based on gender, year of residency completion, academic affiliation, private practice, and ratings of residency training in that topic. The most important consideration when deciding whether to attend an educational activity was, by far, interest in topic, followed by provision of continuing medical educational credits. There are among physiatrists several differences in educational interests that challenge continuing medical education planners to determine efficient, effective ways to deliver continuing medical education to meet these needs within the financial and time constraints imposed by today's clinical practice.

Sandpiles of Opportunity: Success in the Art World

This study conceptualizes artists' careers as transitions through positions within a constantly shifting web of relationships that are without a priori hierarchical demarcations. Network analysis of this shifting web from 1981 to 1992 produces three distinct career paths with differential outcomes in terms of the amount of critical notice received by each artist. Those who have had a long history of membership in loosely knit networks receive more critical attention than either artists who have had a long history of membership in tightly knit cliques or those with a history of sporadic connections to the art world. The career ladder is not so much a ladder as it is a sandpile, in which each actor's attempts to reach the top change the shape of the climb

Methods of registrar post allocation

Little is known about how posts are allocated to enable Individuals to experience a comprehensive pre-membership psychiatric training. A questionnaire survey of 26 teaching hospital training schemes was carried out. This concentrated on registrar training – post-Part 1 MRCPsych (now known as senior house officers since the Caiman changes). Four main methods of allocation, with varying degrees of trainee involvement, were identified. The amount of prior notice given of the trainees' next placement and perceived advantages and disadvantages were compared between the four methods. Implications for practice are discussed.

The Influence of Forster's "Maurice on Lady Chatterley's Lover"

The matter of H. Lawrence's homosexual predisposition has, in recent years, received a significant amount of critical notice; and in this respect his life and work are undergoing a new review. Margaret Bolsterli has reminded us (The Homosexual Ambience of Twentieth Century Literary Culture,' 1973) that, despite a conspiracy of silence on the part of writers and commentators of the period, the influence of homosexuality on Edwardian-Georgian intellectual and social life was widespread. Lytton Strachey, Edward Carpenter, and Aubrey Beardsley were well-known and their views widely discussed. Emile Delavenay's speculative H. Lawrence and Edward Carpenter (1971)2 attempts, of course, to establish very substantive links between the man who inspired Forster's Maurice and Lawrence. As Jeffrey Meyers has pointed out in his informative study, D. H. Lawrence and Homosexuality, Lawrence himself wrote often and rather freely upon the subject of manly love3:

Large Sunspot Group

A MODERATELY large sunspot group which formed on February 5 has attracted, for its size, an undue amount of notice in the daily Press. The group occupies about 800 millionths of the sun's hemisphere, and a spot of these dimensions will be no uncommon occurrence during the next six or seven years, as the sunspot cycle passes through its maximum in 1938. Actually, a larger group, occupying 1000 millionths of the sun's hemisphere, has already appeared since the last minimum in 1933. This group had its central meridian passage on April 21.9, 1934 (see the Observatory for February 1935, where an account of 1934 sunspot activities will be found). The present spot is, however, not without interest. No spot was detected on a photograph exposed at Greenwich on February 5 at 10h, but at llh a spectroscopic disturbance was seen in the spectrohelioscope, which seems to have been the genesis of the actual spot. On account of cloud, no photoheliogram was taken on February 6, and the spot appeared fully developed on February 7. The spot's latitude is 14° S., and it was born west of the central meridian. Its central meridian passage-if it survives-will take place on March 14 next. The spot is of such a size that it could just be seen by the naked eye if it was on the central meridian. Near the limb, where the spot appears foreshortened, a spot of this size would be invisible. It is interesting to note that the number of naked eye sunspots per annum follows the ordinary sunspot curve very closely, and that the 11-year cycle could well have been discovered by an observer provided only with a smoked glass-and a good climate.

The Library World Volume 11 Issue 1

THE catalogue, as a library appliance of importance, has had more attention devoted to it than, perhaps, any other method or factor of librarianship. Its construction, materials, rules for compilation and other aspects have all been considered at great length, and in every conceivable manner, so that little remains for exposition save some points in the policy of the catalogue, and its effects on progress and methods. In the early days of the municipal library movement, when methods were somewhat crude, and hedged round with restrictions of many kinds, the catalogue, even in the primitive form it then assumed, was the only key to the book‐wealth of a library, and as such its value was duly recognized. As time went on, and the vogue of the printed catalogue was consolidated, its importance as an appliance became more and more established, and when the first Newcastle catalogue appeared and received such an unusual amount of journalistic notice, the idea of the printed catalogue as the indispensable library tool was enormously enhanced from that time till quite recently. One undoubted result of this devotion to the catalogue has been to stereotype methods to a great extent, leading in the end to stagnation, and there are places even now where every department of the library is made to revolve round the catalogue. Whether it is altogether wise to subordinate everything in library work to the cult of the catalogue has been questioned by several librarians during the past few years, and it is because there is so much to be said against this policy that the following reflections are submitted.

Natural History, its Rise and Progress in Britain, as developed by the Life and Labours of Leading Naturalists

THIS little octavo volume of about 300 pages is a readable book, and accurate in its information as far as it goes. But, besides being sketchy—which is no doubt a fault incidental to the form of the series—it is strangely ill-balanced. In the first place, the author has travelled beyond the limits of his title by giving biographical sketches of Aristotle, Linnæus, Lamarck, and Cuvier—together constituting more than a third of the whole number of “British Science-Biographies” with which they are intermingled. In the next place, as regards the “British Science-Biographies” which are given, there is no proportion observable between the relative magnitudes of these British biologists and the amount of notice which is respectively bestowed. Running the eye over the table of contents, we find that separate chapters are devoted to eleven “leading naturalists” of this country. These, of course, must be understood by his general readers, for whom the book is designed, as representing what, in the author's opinion, are the eleven greatest names in the records of British biology. Yet six of these names are Sir Hans Sloane, Gilbert White, Alexander Wilson, William Swainson, Edward Forbes, and Robert Chambers! To take only the first and last of these names, surely when a whole chapter, with a portrait, is devoted to Sir Hans Sloane, it is remarkable that no mention at all should be made of Sir Joseph Banks; or that, when another whole chapter is assigned to Robert Chambers, we should nowhere encounter the name of Robert Brown. It appears to us that when a Professor of Natural History undertakes to popularise his science, his aim should be to place before what this writer calls “unprofessional readers” a true conception of the merit that attaches to solid work in science, as distinguished from the celebrity that belongs to a graceful writer or to an interesting-personal character. He should endeavour to raise the popular mind to a just appreciation of naturalists; he should not pander to the already accomplished popularity of authors. Now, if this has been the aim of Prof. Nicholson—and in his preface he says as much—in our opinion he has shot wide of his mark. But, as before observed, if his object has been to produce a readable assemblage of short biographies, calculated to suit the popular taste, we should say he has every reason to be satisfied with the result.