Amount Of Heat Exchange Research Articles

Experimental study on the effect of CO2 desublimation on heat transfer

Revealing the influence mechanism of CO2 desublimation on heat transfer is crucial for developing new liquefied natural gas heat exchangers. In this paper, an experimental platform for CO2 desublimation was built to investigate and analyze the intrinsic connection between CO2 desublimation and heat transfer, and systematically elaborated the mechanism of the influence of CO2 desublimation on heat transfer under different operating conditions based on the values of the heat transfer coefficient and CO2 thermal resistance. The results of the study show that CO2 can rapidly start condensation on the cooling surface when the gas flow rate is too fast (60 kg/h), which leads to a weakening and then strengthening of the effect of CO2 condensation on the heat transfer as the gas flow rate increases. In addition, as the cooling temperature drops, the amount of heat exchange between CO2 and the refrigerant decreases, and the magnitude of the changes in the values of the heat exchange coefficient and CO2 thermal resistance increases, with the value of the heat exchange coefficient decreasing by up to 39.9 %. Compared with the gas flow rate, the cooling temperature was the main factor affecting CO2 desublimation, and it has a more significant effect on heat transfer. This experimental study provides a theoretical basis for the design of a new type of liquefied natural gas heat exchanger and provides valuable insights into the mechanism of CO2 desublimation.

Numerical analysis of heat and mass transfer in separated ventilation of deeply buried long air intake tunnels

Using earth air tunnel heat exchangers (EATHE) to pre-treat air entering underground space is an effective measure for energy-saving. This paper addresses the scarcity of numerical model for heat and mass transfer in long, separated air intake tunnels by establishing a three-dimensional model that considering condensation, specifically analyzing the heat transfer process in tunnels with separated ventilation earth air tunnel heat exchanger (SV-EATHE). The accuracy of the model was verified by engineering measured data. The heat transfer performance of EATHE and SV-EATHE is compared and analyzed by using the model. The results indicate that the annual heat exchange of SV-EATHE is approximately 80 % of that of EATHE, with the latent heat exchange from March to September accounting for 77.2 % of EATHE's. SV-EATHE significantly reduces condensation in traffic tunnels. Increasing ventilation will correspondingly increase the heat exchange and reduce dehumidification, but the rate of change will gradually decrease. The change in partition wall thickness has an approximately linear relationship with the amount of heat exchange. For every 0.1 m increase in diaphragm wall thickness, the heat exchange in the intake duct in August is reduced by approximately 1500 kWh and the dehumidification is reduced by approximately 0.6 kg/h.

Latent Heat Loss Through Fabrics During an Alternate Simulated Work–Rest Sequence

Humans produce different rates of sweating depending on the intensity level of a given activity. The clothing worn during the activity has a significant effect on the latent heat loss that can occur before, during, and after the activity. The water adsorption and spreading properties of a material yield differences in the amount of heat exchange that can occur between the person and the environment. Current test methods evaluate this using a value known as evaporative resistance, which is used to determine the heat exchange potential of a material. However, this value is only taken once the material has reached “steady state” and does not consider the sweating period before steady state is reached, or the drying period after steady state is reached. Therefore, an area under the curve (AUC) value was derived during these periods to compare the heat exchange properties of different materials. A sweating guarded hot plate was used to simulate different sweat rates, and therefore activity levels, to compare materials constructed of cotton, viscose, polyester, and wool. The overall latent heat loss of the hydrophobic wool was much less compared to the other samples with a gentler slope and lower AUC values than the other samples. It was found that the segment of time analyzed has a significant impact on the conclusion drawn about the latent heat loss of a material, p < 0.0001. Sweat rate also has a significant impact on the heat loss value, p < 0.0001, but is perhaps less useful when comparing samples to each other. It was found that comparing the different periods of the test could yield different conclusions when comparing materials for latent heat loss. Several current test methods do not consider phases outside of the steady state period and therefore miss valuable information pertinent to user comfort during these phases, especially in the post-exercise phase.

Study on multi-stream plate fin heat exchanger coupled with ortho-para hydrogen conversion based on distributed parameter model

The distributed parameter model is used to simulate full domain of multi-stream CFPFHE (catalyst filled plate fin heat exchanger). The heat transfer due to the extended catalyst surface area, the ortho-para hydrogen conversion heat and the flow resistance in porous catalyst are integrated in the model. The results show that increasing the mass flow of fluid channel filled with catalyst not only decreases HEPUP (heat exchange amount per unit pump power), but also weakens efficiency of o-p conversion. For example, when the mass flow of fluid A (in which catalyst is filled) increases from 0.06 kg/s to 0.084 kg/s, the pump power increases by 34.6%, and the HEPUP and the average outlet para-hydrogen decreases by 30.9% and 7.0% respectively. In addition, A deviation parameter ϕ is defined to qualitatively describe the degree of inlet maldistribution. Although no catalyst filled in fluid C channel, the effect of ϕC on the outlet para-hydrogen mass fraction is obvious. With ϕC increasing from 0 to 1.5, the outlet para-hydrogen mass fraction in the layer numbered by 42 (middle layer of fluid A) increases by 6.8%, decreases by 11.9% and 11.9% respectively, in the layer numbered by 6 (upmost layer of fluid A) and 76 (downmost layer of fluid A). The increase of inlet maldistribution of fluid C prevents the potential of catalyst filled in up and down layers of fluid A from being fully utilized.

Structural design method, validation, and performance analysis of an earth-air heat exchanger for greenhouses

An earth-air heat exchanger (EAHE) is a type of environmental regulation equipment that is suitable for greenhouses. In the future, it could be a green technique for greenhouse energy supplementation. However, EAHEs lack structural design methods for application in greenhouses. Consequently, this paper presents a structural design method for an EAHE based on the architectural characteristics of greenhouses. Firstly, the EAHE design heat exchange amount was calculated according to the greenhouse heat and cold load, then the pipe length, diameter, air velocity, and burial depth were determined by combining the heat transfer efficiency and number of transfer units (NTU), and finally the final parameters were optimized and selected according to the energy loss and construction cost. The design method was validated in a greenhouse in northern China, and the heat transfer performance was analyzed in both intermittent and continuous operation modes. The results showed that the novel structural design method could guide the application of EAHE in a greenhouse and satisfy the energy demand of greenhouses. The measured average greenhouse temperature at night increased by 1.57 °C and 1.11 °C, respectively, under intermittent operation and continuous operation and decreased by 1.19 °C and 1.32 °C, respectively, during the day. The EAHE performance coefficients for heating and cooling conditions under intermittent operation were 21.49 and 18.15, respectively, significantly higher than those for continuous operation.

Computational Investigation of Magnetohydrodynamics Boundary of Maxwell Fluid Across Nanoparticle-Filled Sheet

This article examines a flow of a boundary layer as well as a temperature exchange of Maxwell-fluid in 2D along an expansion sheet using numerical methods. The impacts of magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) plus stretch on an inflow are taken into account. Methods in which nanoparticles might damage the environment are also investigated. we present differential transform method that can be applied to transform nonlinear partial differential equation into connected ODEs. A boundary layer Equations formula. are resolved numerically utilizing the Maxwell-nanofluid model. Emerging variables constraint that affects concentration and also on temp profile alone are studied; they include a magnetic constraint M, stretchy constraint K, Prandtl constraint Pr, Mass transfer restriction Nb, a convective heat flow constraint Nt, and Lewis No. Le. Interesting graphs of a findings are displayed. There are also correlations between a flow control factors and coefficient of skin friction, a dimensionless heat exchange amount, and the concentrate amount.

Thermal Environment Analysis and Thermal Comfort Evaluation of Huizhou Folk Dwelling Houses Guided by Auxiliary Interior Space Layout

The Huizhou folk dwelling houses are important carriers of the traditional Huizhou cultural and architectural heritage in China. However, such dwelling houses have obvious shortcomings such as damp, dark, insufficient lighting, and inability to cope with cold weather. Existing studies on Huizhou folk dwelling houses haven’t considered factors such high humidity or low temperature that can lead to poor indoor thermal environment in winter, and few have concerned about the theoretical analysis on the formation mechanism of the indoor thermal environment. Therefore, to fill in this research blank, this paper aims to give thermal environment analysis and thermal comfort evaluation on the Huizhou folk dwelling houses under the guidance of auxiliary interior space layout. At first, this paper took the first courtyard of the typical “series-courtyard” structure of the Huizhou folk dwelling houses as the subject, and analyzed the thermal environment of the second courtyard, including the outer wall, door, roof, patio, and ground, and the amount of heat transfer, the amount of radiant heat, and the amount of heat exchange of ventilation were tested. Then, based on the location selection, layout, and architectural morphology of the Huizhou folk dwelling houses, this paper studied the relationship between the thermal comfort of Huizhou folk dwelling houses and the wind and heat environment in winter, the specific test items were indoor temperature, comfort degree, wall temperature, and air tightness, and the test results could provide basis and direction for the renovation of indoor thermal environment of Huizhou folk dwelling houses. At last, this paper gave the analysis results of an actual example, and verified the effectiveness of the analysis and evaluation methods in this paper.

Performance analysis of air source heat pump space heating system with an adaptive control for supply water temperature

• An adaptive control method for supply water temperature is proposed. • Model parameters are identified by the new control method quickly and accurately. • Coefficient of performance of experimental unit increases by 21.16%. • A decrease of 34.24% in building energy consumption is achieved. Air source heat pumps (ASHPs) have been widely used for heating in buildings. While in practice, the setting value of its supply water temperature is always far higher than the theoretical value owing to the delayed regulation, and this results in the low coefficient of performance. To solve this problem, an adaptive control method for the supply water temperature was proposed in present work. This control method could predict the best setting value of supply water temperature based on the heat-balance of the heat exchange amount in indoor fan-coils and building heating load, and the least squares method was used to achieve the adaptive identification of parameters. By adopting this control method in a field ASHP system, four sets of experiments were conducted. Results showed that this control method could quickly and accurately adapt to the actual project, and adjust the water temperature according to heating demand. When employing the new control method, the average supply water temperature was reduced by 8.4 °C, and lower supply water temperature made the coefficient of performance of ASHP unit increased by 21.16%; the building energy consumption was reduced by 34.24%, and the power consumption of the ASHP unit was reduced by 38.20%.

Heat transfer performance of energy piles in seasonally frozen soil areas

Energy piles constitute a combination of ground source heat pump and building pile foundation technology. Energy piles can not only exchange heat with soil and extract geothermal energy but can also bear upper loads. However, due to the complex geological and climatic conditions in seasonally frozen soil areas, research on the heat transfer performance of energy piles in these areas is limited. According to the characteristics of the ground temperature distribution in seasonally frozen soil areas, the soil region can be divided into frozen and nonfrozen layers. First, a laboratory model test was carried out to investigate the heat transfer performance in these two layers. Then, a three-dimensional heat transfer model of an energy pile suitable for seasonally frozen soil areas was established. The actual working conditions of the real-scale model were simulated, and parametric analysis was then conducted. The results indicated that in annual energy pile operation, the energy pile maximum heat exchange amount per unit length can reach 125 W/m. In the performed parametric analysis, the pile length, concrete thermal conductivity, fluid volumetric flowrate and pipe type impose the greatest influence on the energy pile heat transfer performance, while the pile diameter and concrete cover thickness impose relatively little influence. Moreover, the influence of the pipe diameter should be further studied.

Thermal performance of novel cast-in-place energy piles equipped with multipurpose steel pipe heat exchangers (SPHXs)

A novel large-diameter cast-in-place energy pile equipped with steel pipe heat exchangers substitutes steel pipes for deformed rebars as not only main reinforcements but also heat exchangers. In this study, comprehensive field experiments and numerical analyses were conducted to evaluate the thermal performance of the novel energy pile. The two energy piles equipped with steel pipe heat exchangers were constructed in a test bed to perform in-situ thermal performance tests. Then, a computational fluid dynamics model was developed and verified by comparing with the field test results. The developed numerical model was used for conducting a series of parametric studies with consideration of the relevant influential factors. The thermal conductivities of concrete and ground formations influence the thermal performance of the energy piles equipped with the steel pipe heat exchanger. In addition, the optimum flow rate considering the thermal performance and hydraulic power turned out to be 11.35 L/min for the 8 pairs of U-tube SPHX energy pile with 31.8-mm-diameter steel pipes. Note that the configurations of the steel pipe heat exchanger should be designed simultaneously considering the construction cost and thermal performance because an excessive number of steel pipes does not guarantee a proportional increase in the heat exchange amount of the steel pipe heat exchanger energy pile for the given borehole volume.

Research on the Ratio between the Convection and Radiation Heat Exchange Amount of the Face and Head of Manikin in the Thermal Comfort Condition

In this paper, the radiation heat exchange coefficient of the exposed parts of human body is firstly obtained through pre-experiment, which is used to separate the total output heat exchange amount of the manikin. Then the heat exchange amount of manikin under different airflow organizations of personal ventilation, mixed ventilation and seat ventilation are respectively studied. The value of convection heat exchange and radiation heat exchange of the face and head of human body are compared. And variable conditions are studied for different air temperatures and volumes. It is concluded that when the supply air temperature changes between 22? and 30°C with human body thermally comfortable, the total heat exchange of the face and head changes from 38 W/m2 to 137 W/m2, and the range of the radiation heat exchange amount is 26 W/m2 to 67 W/m2. The convection heat exchange amount changes between 6 W/m2 and 110 W/m2, and the ratio of radiation heat exchange to convection heat exchange changes from 0.5 to 6.7.

Analysis of the heat exchange performance of PHC energy pile under cooling condition

To investigate the influence sequence of different factors on the heat exchange performance of precast high-strength concrete （PHC） energy pile， a three-dimensional numerical simulation model of PHC energy pile was established and the effects of various thermal conductivities of grout backfill material， inlet temperatures of heat exchange pipe， thermal conductivities and backfill diameters of PHC pile on the heat exchange performance of PHC energy pile were analyzed. The results show that the heat exchange amount of PHC energy pile increases with the increase of the thermal conductivity of grout backfill material. In the cooling condition， increasing the inlet temperature of heat exchange pipe is beneficial to improving the heat exchange amount of PHC energy pile. Increase of thermal conductivity of PHC pile can enhance the heat exchange behavior of PHC energy pile. Moreover， the heat exchange amount of PHC energy pile gradually increases with increasing backfill diameter of PHC pile. On this basis， the Taguchi method was used to analyze the influence sequence of four different factors on the heat exchange performance of PHC energy pile. The impact of the inlet temperature of heat exchange pipe is the greatest， followed by the thermal conductivity of grout backfill material and backfill diameter of PHC pile， and the impact of thermal conductivity of PHC pile is the least. The results can provide a technical support and guidance for the design and application of the PHC energy piles in practical engineering. <fig fig-type="abstract-image" id="F1" orientation="portrait" position="float"><graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="SP.J.1249-2022-39-1-51/A363044C-8B03-42d6-B755-DE9E707AD29F-F001.jpg"/></fig>

SMR(Single Mixed Refrigerant) 냉동기의 작동 압력 변화에 따른 성능 특성

Demand for low temperatures below -60℃ is increasing in various places. Accordingly, SMR refrigerators are attracting attention as a way to supply them. we recognized the limitation that the study of SMR refrigerators is focused on selecting the composition ratio of mixed refrigerants. However, operating pressure is also an important factor that greatly affects the performance of the refrigerator. In this study, we attempted to understand the performance characteristics of the refrigerator according to the change in operating pressure. The experiment was conducted by changing the compressor discharge pressure to 15bar and 20bar while the compressor suction pressure was fixed to 2.5bar, and the compressor discharge temperature, power consumption, cooling time, refrigeration capacity, and COP were calculated and compared. As a result of the experiment, it was confirmed that when the compressor discharge pressure was high, the compressor discharge temperature increased due to the increase in the compression ratio, and larger power consumption was required. It was confirmed that the cooling time was faster due to a decrease in the heat exchange amount of the intermediate heat exchanger when the compressor discharge pressure was high. It was confirmed that the refrigeration capacity and COP also increased when the compressor discharge pressure was high.

Laboratory study on the thermo-mechanical behaviour of a phase change concrete energy pile in summer mode

Phase change concrete energy pile (PCCEP) is a kind of underground energy structure with economy and efficiency. A set of model experimental system of PCCEP was built in the laboratory to assess the effects of phase change process, inlet water temperatures, intermittent modes, mechanical loads and thermal cycles on its thermo- mechanical behaviour in summer mode. The results indicate that compared with traditional energy pile, the PCCEP can improve heat transfer performance, reduce the thermal deformation, thermal stress and pile tip soil pressure. The total heat exchange amount are found to be 2900.5 and 3162.7 kJ for traditional energy pile and PCCEP, respectively, and the corresponding pile top displacement, peak stress and pile tip soil pressure are respectively 0.12 mm, -196 kPa, 9.2 kPa and 0.109 mm, -179 kPa, 8.4 kPa. Increasing inlet temperature can enhance thermal performance of PCCEP, but it also leads to the increase of pile top displacement, pile thermal stress and pile tip soil pressure. For different intermittent operation modes, the longer the operation time, the greater the total heat storage capacity, but the lower the hourly average heat storage capacity, and the greater the pile top residual displacement, pile thermal stress and pile tip soil pressure. The total heat exchange amount are found to be 3688, 4090, 4527 and 4925 kJ for intermittent modes of 8 h:16 h, 10 h:14 h, 12 h:12 h, 14 h:10 h, respectively, and the corresponding pile top residual displacement, pile tip soil pressure and peak pile stress are respectively 0.015 mm, 0 kPa and -157 kPa, 0.021 mm, 1 kPa and -179 kPa, 0.029 mm, 1.7 kPa and -199 kPa, 0.045 mm, 2.3 kPa and -207 kPa. The settlement accumulation can be incurred when the PCCEP subjected to pile top mechanical load, and the larger the pile top mechanical load, the more obvious the settlement accumulation, and the greater the pile stress and pile tip soil pressure.Thermal cycles will result in the increase of temperature rise degree of pile and soil, and cause the accumulation of pile temperature rise, pile stress and pile top displacement.

Numerical investigation on transport characteristics of high-temperature fine particles generated in a transiently welding process

The motion feature of particulate pollutants in industrial buildings, has a significant impact on the indoor environment and workers' health. In this study, the numerical simulations are performed to investigate the transport characteristics of high-temperature fine particles generated during the welding processes, influenced by four different factors (i.e, release temperature (T0), release velocity (v0), operation time (t0), and particle diameter (dp)). Specifically, the movement mechanism of particles is clarified through the conservation of energy and Newton's second law. The maximum horizontal diffusion distance of particles (ΔRmax) has been proposed to assess the exposure risk of particles. Results show that the transformation between heat energy and kinetic energy drives the two-phase flow to move up. The temperature of particles drops sharply and reaches the environmental temperature at 3.0 s approximately, while their velocity increases first before decreasing slowly. The gravity acting on particles and vortex interaction of airflow result in different motion behaviors of particles in both vertical and horizontal directions. Moreover, ΔRmax is positively correlated with T0, v0, and t0, but negatively correlated with dp, and has a maximum value of 6.4 m. Generally, the motion and exposure risk of particles are dependent on the heat exchange amount and particle size. The results can contribute to health risk assessment and ventilation system design in the industrial plants.

Energy, exergy, and hydrodynamic performance of a spiral heat exchanger: Process intensification by a nanofluid containing different particle shapes

The energy, exergy, and hydrodynamic characteristics of employing a boehmite alumina nanofluid inside a spiral heat exchanger are investigated through CFD analysis regarding five different nanoparticle shapes. The numerical simulations are performed at four different volume fractions ranging from 0 to 0.04. It is found that utilizing the nanofluid at a higher volume fraction enhances the heat exchange amount, overall heat transfer coefficient (U), and effectiveness. It is unveiled that the highest rise in the U at the constant Reynolds number (Re) is about 25.4%, while this value at the constant pumping power (W˙) is 6.35%. Additionally, concerning the thermal efficiency viewpoint, it is proposed to use the platelet-shaped nanoparticles at the constant Re. The oblate spheroid-shaped nanoparticles are suggested considering the energy efficiency perspective. Based on the second law of thermodynamics, the platelet-shaped particles demonstrate the best performance at the invariant Re, while at the constant W˙, the oblate spheroid-shaped nanoparticles are recommended. The thermal irreversibility of the nanofluid in the case of constant Re only reduces using the oblate spheroid-shaped nanoparticles. The smallest exergy destruction in the case of constant Ẇ belongs to the blade-shaped nanoparticles.

Intermittent mode analysis of a borehole ground heat exchanger with novel phase change backfill materials

Abstract A study was conducted to investigate heat transfer in a ground heat exchanger (GHE) system with a novel capric acid-lauric acid eutectics/expanded graphite (EG) composite PCM. The composite PCM was prepared and analyzed. The optimal mass ratio of fatty acid to EG was 10:100 with a melting heat of 134.13 kJ/kg. The thermal performances of GHE system with different fraction ratios of the composite PCM mixed in the backfill material were predicted. The heat exchange amount was increased by 17.71% when the PCM fraction ratio was increased from 0% to 70%. However, the average temperature in the borehole after the recovery period increased from 16.94 °C to 18.32 °C with increasing PCM ratio from 0% to 70% due to heat release during solidification. Moreover, the impacts of different running modes on the heat transfer, PCM utilization, and temperature recovery were investigated. The most rapid reduction of heat exchange amount over time was observed under the on/off ratio of 12:12 and at the PCM ratio of 70%. In addition, the average temperature in the borehole increased by 1.5 °C-2.7 °C with increasing on/off ratio from 8:16 to 12:12 in all the cases with PCM. Heat exchange amount in the running mode of 4 h interval after every 4 h operation was at least 10.3% higher than that in the mode of 12 h interval after every 12 h operation. By contrast, the temperature and phase recovery significantly deteriorated in the 4 h intermittent mode in the cases with PCM backfilling.

Discussion and analysis of environmentally friendly refrigerant R404A as a substitute for R22 with different circuit number

The refrigerant R22 has great damage to the ozone layer. R404A is currently the mainstream environmentally friendly refrigerant approved and recommended by most countries in the world, and has zero damage to the ozone layer. Based on this, the performance of heat exchangers of R22 and R404A with different inlet qualities with the circuit number were simulated and compared by EVAP-COND software. The results show that the capacity of the evaporator with R404A was greater than that with R22. Moreover, the difference in the capacity of the evaporator with R410A and R22 drops first, and then it rises. The flow path with the number of circuits 2 had the largest heat exchange rate. The heat exchange rates of R22 and R404A are 4.40kW and 4.50kW, respectively. The heat exchange amount of R404A was larger than that of R22, and the difference in heat exchange amount decreases first and then increases with the increase of branches, and the maximum difference was 4.41%. R404A can be used as a substitute for R22 and had a higher heat exchange rate. It is more environmentally friendly and saves energy.

A novel radiator structure for enhanced heat transfer used in PEM fuel cell vehicle

Fuel cell vehicle (FCV) is regarded as a worldwide promising technology due to its high efficiency and zero emission. Heat management is very important during the operation of FCV, especially under high power output and environment temperature. As a consequence, development of a high heat dissipation ability radiator is necessary for the state-of-the-art FCV. In this paper, heat exchange characteristics of four different radiators are investigated in detail. A special air flow deflection phenomenon in the Windward bend structure is found to be beneficial for heat dissipation. A novel structure of Windward-Louvered fin (WLF) is proposed to be used in the radiator. The result shows that its Nusselt number is 1.2-1.3 times higher than that in Windward bend structure. In addition, field synergy theory is used for the evaluation of the heat transfer ability among the four structures. The synergy angles between velocity vector and temperature gradient are 82.1°, 82.5°, 87.0°, 81.8° at the air flow rate of 12 m•s−1, respectively. The WLF structure has the smallest synergy angle, thus the heat exchange amount is over 1.25 times higher than that of Windward bend structure.

A study on development of the thermal storage type plate heat exchanger including PCM layer

Thermal storage type plate heat exchanger (TSPHEs) was newly developed in the process of research a heat pump using industrial waste heat as a heat source for evaporation. A conventional plate heat exchanger is a structure in which two media perform heat transfers through a separation plate. However, TSPHEs have a structure in the basic structure of conventional plate heat exchanger adding the PCM layer filled to phase change material. Therefore, the TSPHEs performed heat exchange between three heat media (hot water-cold water-PCM). The thermal energy supplied through the hot water is mainly transferred to the cold water and some of it is transferred to the phase change material filled in the PCM layer. When if the hot water is shut down and the heat source can’t be supplied, the heat stored in the PCM layer is transferred to the cold water through the hot water, the medium of transmission. In the article, using the e-NTU method, a thermal equilibrium equation is established between the three heats media used in the TSPHEs. Based on the established theoretical formula, the relationship between total overall heat transfer coefficient and e, S (temperature differential), and Cr (heat capacity ratio) was obtained. In addition, the validity of the theoretical analysis was demonstrated through the experimental method and compared with the correlation of the existing overall heat transfer coefficient. The results of this article will be utilized as basic data for the design of the TSPHEs, and will be used to predict the amount of heat exchange and thermal storage capacity of the TSPHEs.