Amount Of Curcuminoids Research Articles

LIPID AND SURFACTANT-BASED PHYTOFORMULATION FOR AMELIORATION OF INFLAMMATION

Objective: Observations from traditional medicine and findings of modern science recommend use of curcuminoids and piperine in inflammatory ailments such as rheumatoid arthritis. Therapeutic potential of these phytoconstituents cannot be exploited to the maximum extent because of poor solubility and low bioavailability. The objective of this study was to overcome these challenges and harness the potential of these phytoconstituents by developing lipid and surfactant-based formulations. Methods: A microemulsion was prepared by selecting lipids, surfactants and cosurfactants on the basis of the solubility and stability of phytoconstituents. It was further converted into a transparent gel for topical application. The phytoformulation was characterized by physicochemical tests. Its hemocompatibility and irritation potential was determined. Further phytoformulation was studied in RAW 264.7 cells for cell internalization and antiarthritic potential was investigated in Complete Freund’s Adjuvant (CFA) induced arthritic rats. The disease progression was recorded. At the end of the study hematological, biochemical and oxidative stress parameters were measured. Results: A stable phytoformulation containing 0.75% w/w curcuminoids and 0.25% w/w piperine was developed. At the end of 24 hours, the amount of curcuminoids and piperine permeated through the skin from phytoformulation was 4.38 and 1.38 times that of the oil. It had good hemocompatibility and poor irritation potential. Internalization of phytoformulation in RAW 264.7 cells was concentration dependent. There were significant changes in rats due to disease induction by CFA and results indicated regression of the disease progress due to phytoformulation. Conclusion: Lipid and surfactant-based formulation improved solubility and permeability of phytoconstituents. The developed phytoformulation could recover inflammatory changes in rats and it can be further studied in human beings.

Effects of turmeric powder on intestinal and biliary functions: The influence of curcuminoids concentration on spontaneous contractility

• Curcuminoid content of two Curcuma longa L. food powders was determined by HPLC. • Different curcuminoid content reduced spontaneous contractility. • The amount of curcuminoids may be relevant for the formulation of functional foods. Two turmeric food powders (C1 and C 2) were studied for curcuminoid content and their effects on the guinea pig intestinal tract in vitro. C1 contained a higher curcuminoid content than C2 (5.22% vs 2.31%). C1 and C2 increased gallbladder (∼10%) and biliary smooth muscle tone (∼15%), without affecting the sphincter of Oddi smooth muscle contractility. C2 was more effective than C1 in lowering ileum tone (–22% vs −37%), whereas the reverse occurred in the colon (-50% vs −20%). Standard Fast Fourier transforms and absolute powers analysis of the frequency bands highlighted that, in the bile duct, C2 induced contractions of higher variability and ampler oscillations of low-frequency waves. At the Oddi sphincter, C1 had a biphasic effect, increasing and then drastically decreasing the oscillations. The same occurred with C2 in the ileum, while both samples reduced the fluctuations in the colon.

Preparation of turmeric powder with various extraction and drying methods

BackgroundIn this study, turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) powder was prepared with various extraction and drying methods. Extractions were performed using three solvents (water, 50% ethanol, and 70% ethanol) and three drying methods, namely, spray drying (SD), freeze drying (FD), and spray-freeze drying (SFD).ResultsLevels of the curcuminoids, curcumin, demethoxycurcumin, and bisdemethoxycurcumin, in turmeric powder preparations were analysed using HPLC, and scanning electron microscopy and laser particle size analysis were used to observe and estimate the surface and size distribution of particles. The total amount of curcuminoids ranged from 0.59–14.35 mg/g turmeric powder, and as the concentration of ethanol increased, the level of curcuminoids, antioxidant activity, and average particle size significantly increased (all p < 0.05). In addition, the abundance of curcuminoids significantly increased in the order of SFD, FD, and SD (p < 0.05), whereas the average particle size significantly increased in the order of FD, SFD, and SD (p < 0.05).ConclusionsThe highest TPC and TFC were detected in SFD turmeric powder preparations, whereas the average particle size significantly increased in the order of FD, SFD, and SD. Based on this study, we also showed that the level of curcuminoids, antioxidant activity, TPC, TFC, and average particle size were most affected by the extraction solvent.Graphical

SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF CURCUMINOIDS, PIPERINE, AND GALLIC ACID IN AN AYURVEDIC FORMULATION BY VALIDATED HIGH-PERFORMANCE THIN LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHIC METHOD

&lt;p&gt;ABSTRACT&lt;br /&gt;Objective: The present study was proposed to quantitatively estimate the amount of three marker compounds; curcuminoids, piperine, and gallic&lt;br /&gt;acid in a multicomponent ayurvedic formulation using high-performance thin layer chromatographic (HPTLC) method for routine analytical work.&lt;br /&gt;Methods: TLC separation was performed on silica gel 60 F&lt;br /&gt; plates using toluene:ethyl acetate:formic acid:methanol (5.6:2.2:1.2:1.0 v/v/v/v) as&lt;br /&gt;mobile phase. Plate was developed by to a distance of 90 mm at ambient room temperature with 20 minutes saturation time. Densitometric analysis&lt;br /&gt;was performed at 327 nm. Method was validated as per International Conference on Harmonization Q2 (R1) guideline also.&lt;br /&gt;254&lt;br /&gt;Results: Piperine, curcuminoids, and gallic acid were separated on TLC at retention factor values of 0.71, 0.61, and 0.29, respectively. The described&lt;br /&gt;method was linear over the range of 300-700 ng/spot, 100-300 ng/spot, and 250-550 ng/spot, respectively, for curcuminoids, piperine, and gallic&lt;br /&gt;acid. The accuracy of the method was assessed by recovery studies and was found to be 101.71%, 99.67%, and 99.59% for curcuminoids, piperine,&lt;br /&gt;and gallic acid, respectively. The amount of curcuminoids, piperine, and gallic acid in the ayurvedic formulation was found to be 3.99% w/w, 1.9%&lt;br /&gt;w/w, and 0.8% w/w, respectively, when analyzed quantitatively by developed validated HPTLC method.&lt;br /&gt;Conclusion: The method can be used as a tool for quality control of herbal formulation.&lt;br /&gt;Keywords: Curcuminoids, Piperine, Gallic acid, High-performance thin layer chromatographic.&lt;/p&gt;

Anti-tumour and antioxidant activity of natural curcuminoids.

Matural curcuminoids, curcumin, I, II and III isolated from turmeric (Curcuma longa) were compared for their cytotoxic, tumour reducing and antioxidant activities. Curcumin III was found to be more active than the other two as a cytotoxic agent and in the inhibition of Ehrlich ascites tumour in mice (ILS 74.1%). These compounds were also checked for their antioxidant activity which possibly indicates their potential use as anti-promoters. The amount of curcuminoids (I, II and III) needed for 50% inhibition of lipid peroxidation was 20, 14 and 11 g/m. Concentrations needed for 50% inhibition of superoxides were 6.25, 4.25 and 1.9 micrograms/ml and those for hydroxyl radical were 2.3, 1.8 and 1.8 micrograms/ml, respectively. The ability of these compounds to suppress the superoxide production by macrophages activated with phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) indicated that all the three curcuminoids inhibited superoxide production and curcumin III produced maximum effect. These results indicate that curcumin III is the most active of the curcuminoids present in turmeric. Synthetic curcumin I and III had similar activity to natural curcumins.