Amount Of CO2 Sequestration Research Articles

가속탄산화를 통한 Ca-rich Waste Mineral의 정량적인 CO2고용량 평가

Accelerated carbonation is a technique that can be used as a CCS technology for CO₂ sequestration of approximately 5 ~ 20% in a stable solid through the precipitation of carbonate. An alkaline inorganic waste material such as ash, slag, and cement paste are generated from incinerators, accelerated carbonation offers the advantage of lower transport and processing costs at the same generation location of waste and CO₂. In this study, we evaluated an amount of CO₂ sequestration in various types of inorganic alkaline waste processed by means of accelerated carbonation. A quantitative evaluation of CO₂ real sequestration based on a TG/DTA analysis, the maximum 118.88 g/kg-waste of CO₂ in paper sludge fly ash, the maximum 134.46 g/kg-waste of CO₂ in municipal solid waste incinerator bottom ash, the maximum 9.72 g/kg-waste of CO₂ in industrial solid waste incinerator fly ash, and the maximum 18.19g/ kg-waste of CO₂ in waste cement paste.

GHG balance of crude palm oil for biodiesel production in the northern region of Brazil

Biomass has become important as an alternative to fossil fuels and as a means to decrease greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, particularly in tropical regions such as Brazil. Therefore, the demand for energy crops has increased strongly, and among such crops, palm oil is distinctive because of its productivity and well-developed production techniques. This paper intends to evaluate crude palm oil's GHG balance through a life-cycle assessment approach. This study is based on the average data of an ideal palm oil system in the northern region of Brazil. In the production of crude palm oil, a large amount of CO2 sequestration occurs during the growth of palm oil trees. In contrast, the greatest emissions are biotic CO2, which returns to the atmosphere and emissions from fertilizer production. The GHG balance of an oil palm plantation is approximately −208 kg CO2-equiv./1000 kg crude palm oil per year.

Direct Gas–Solid Carbonation Kinetics of Steel Slag and the Contribution to In situ Sequestration of Flue Gas CO2 in Steel‐Making Plants

Direct gas-solid carbonation of steel slag under various operational conditions was investigated to determine the sequestration of the flue gas CO2 . X-ray diffraction analysis of steel slag revealed the existence of portlandite, which provided a maximum theoretical CO2 sequestration potential of 159.4 kg CO 2 tslag (-1) as calculated by the reference intensity ratio method. The carbonation reaction occurred through a fast kinetically controlled stage with an activation energy of 21.29 kJ mol(-1) , followed by 10(3) orders of magnitude slower diffusion-controlled stage with an activation energy of 49.54 kJ mol(-1) , which could be represented by a first-order reaction kinetic equation and the Ginstling equation, respectively. Temperature, CO2 concentration, and the presence of SO2 impacted on the carbonation conversion of steel slag through their direct and definite influence on the rate constants. Temperature was the most important factor influencing the direct gas-solid carbonation of steel slag in terms of both the carbonation conversion and reaction rate. CO2 concentration had a definite influence on the carbonation rate during the kinetically controlled stage, and the presence of SO2 at typical flue gas concentrations enhanced the direct gas-solid carbonation of steel slag. Carbonation conversions between 49.5 % and 55.5 % were achieved in a typical flue gas at 600 °C, with the maximum CO2 sequestration amount generating 88.5 kg CO 2 tslag (-1) . Direct gas-solid carbonation of steel slag showed a rapid CO2 sequestration rate, high CO2 sequestration amounts, low raw-material costs, and a large potential for waste heat utilization, which is promising for in situ carbon capture and sequestration in the steel industry.

CO<SUB>2</SUB> Sequestration via a Surface-Modified Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag Using NaOH Solution

This study investigates the improvement of the CO2 sequestration percentage of a ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBF-slag) with surface modification using a NaOH solution. The amount of CO2 sequestration of the GGBF slag increased via the surface modification with the NaOH solution in the direct carbonation method. The increase of the carbonation percentage of the GGBF slag resulted from the increase in the hydraulic activity of the GGBF-slag. The carbonation percentage on the basis of the total calcium oxide of the GGBF slag was approximately 10 times larger than that of the GGBF-slag without the surface-modification. The carbonation rate depended on the morphology of the calcium carbonates formed on the surface of the GGBF-slag.

Analysis of the optimal configuration of energy transportation infrastructure in Asia with a linear programming energy system model

It has become important to address the question of which energy related infrastructure, such as transcontinental natural gas pipelines, should be constructed in Asia. In addition, one needs to ask how energy demand should be satisfied securely and economically, as well as environmentally benignly, over the next decades. This study investigates the possible future configuration of energy and CO2-related infrastructure in Asia and Eurasia, using a large-scale energy system model, which minimises inter-temporally the sum of the discounted total energy system costs until the year 2050. The model explicitly involves intra-regional transportation networks of fuels and recovered CO2 among approximately 100 nodes in Asia and Eurasia. The preliminary results indicate that long distance natural gas pipelines will be developed extensively in Asia and Eurasia, and that issuing carbon taxes of a few hundred dollars per ton of carbon enhance substantially the consumption of natural gas in electricity generation sectors, as a substitute fuel for coal. Such carbon taxes will make CO2 sequestration economically viable while increasing the cumulative amount of CO2 sequestration up to 15 gigatons (Gt) of CO2.

The Current Status of Japan's Overseas Industrial Forest Plantation Projects

In Japan. the percentage of recycled paper in paper manufacturing and the percentage of imported pulpwood in all pulpwood both exceeded 50% in 1989, and these figures never appear going down again. Around that time. Japanese pulp and paper companies began overseas industrial forest plantation projects, and approximately ten years have passed since then. At this moment, projects are found in eight countries with the total area reaching to 258, 000 ha at the end of 1998. In the past, they were relying upon the imported wood materials out of natural and artificial resources. But nowadays in order to reduce its dependency, most of our overseas industrial plantation projects have been commenced by targeting to import wood chips out of own plantation.Meanwhile, an increasing number of electric power companies and automobile companies have begun to participate in overseas forestry projects after it was decided that the amount of CO2sequestration by forests would be internationally recognized as an offset to greenhouse gas emission at COP 3 conference in Kyoto (1997).Therefore, in order to promote further plantation it is required to get and to handle accurate information to settle many unsolved issues.