Amniotic Membrane Stem Cells Research Articles

The effect of amniotic membrane stem cells as donor nucleus on gene expression in reconstructed bovine oocytes.

Nuclear reprogramming of a differentiated cell in somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) is a major concern in cloning procedures. Indeed, the nucleus of the donor cell often fails to express the genes which are a prerequisite for normal early embryo development. This study was aimed to evaluate the developmental competence and the expression pattern of some reprogramming related genes in bovine cloned embryos reconstructed with amniotic membrane stem cells (AMSCs) in comparison with those reconstructed with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and adult fibroblasts (AF) as well as with in vitro fertilized (IVF) oocytes. In vitro matured abattoir-derived oocytes were considered as recipients and a hand-made cloning technique was employed for oocyte enucleation and nuclear transfer (NT) procedures. The expression pattern of genes involved in self-renewal and pluripotency (POU5F1, SOX2, NANOG), imprinting (IGF2, IGF2R), DNA methylation (DNMT1, DNMT3A), histone deacetylation (HDAC2), and apoptosis (BAX, BCL2) were evaluated in NT and IVF derived embryos. Despite the insignificant difference in cleavage rate between reconstructed and IVF oocytes, the blastocyst rate in the IVF group was higher than that of other groups. Among reconstructed oocytes, a higher blastocysts rate was observed in MSC-NT and AMSCs-NT derived embryos that were significantly higher than AF-NT derived ones. There were more similarities in the expression pattern of pluripotency and epigenetic modification genes between MSC-NT and IVF derived blastocysts compared with other groups. In conclusion, considering developmental competence, AMSCs, as alternative donors in SCNT procedure, like MSCs, were prone to have more advantage compared with AF.

Co–Culture with Amniotic Membrane Stem Cells for Oocyte Maturation and Early Embryonic Development in Bovine

Co–Culture with Amniotic Membrane Stem Cells for Oocyte Maturation and Early Embryonic Development in Bovine

Therapeutic efficacy of amniotic membrane stem cells and adipose tissue stem cells in rats with chemically induced ovarian failure

The present study was conducted to compare between the therapeutic efficacies of human amniotic membrane-derived stem cells (hAM-MSCs) vs. adipose tissue derived stem cells (AD-MSCs) in cyclophosphamide (CTX)-induced ovarian failure in rats. Forty-eight adult female rats were included in the study; 10 rats were used as control group. Thirty-eight rats were injected with CTX to induce ovarian failure and divided into four groups: ovarian failure (IOF) (IOF group), IOF+phosphate buffer saline (PBS group), IOF+hAM-MSCs group and IOF+AD-MSCs group. Serum levels of FSH and estradiol (E2) were assessed. Histopathological examination of the ovarian tissues was performed and quantitative gene expressions of Oct-4, Stra8 and integrin beta-1 genes were conducted by quantitative real time PCR. Results showed that IOF and IOF+PBS rat groups exhibited decreased ovarian follicles, increased interstitial fibrosis with significant decrease of serum E2, significant increase serum FSH level and significant down-regulation of Stra8 and integrin beta-1. In hAM-MSCs and AD-MSCs rat groups, there were increased follicles and corpora with evident the presence of oocytes, significant increase in serum E2, significant decrease in serum FSH levels (in hAM-MSCs treated group only) and significant up-regulation of the three studied genes with higher levels in hAM-MSCs treated rats group when compared to AD-MSCs treated rats group. In Conclusion, administration of either hAM-derived MSCs or AD-MSCs exerts a significant therapeutic efficacy in chemotherapy induced ovarian insult in rats. hAM-MSCs exert higher therapeutic efficacy as compared to AD-MSCs.

Optimal concentration of PEG-coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles for generation of reactive oxygen species in human-derived amniotic membrane stem cells

Optimal concentration of PEG-coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles for generation of reactive oxygen species in human-derived amniotic membrane stem cells

Neuronal differentiation of mouse amnion membrane derived stem cells in response to neonatal brain conditioned medium.

Background: Amniotic membrane derived stem cells (AMSCs) have considerable advantages to use in regenerative medicine and their anti- inflammatory effects, growth factor secretion and differentiation potential make them suitable candidates for stem cell therapy of nervous system. The developing and neonatal brain contains a spectrum of growth factors to direct development of endogenous and donor cells. Using an in vitro model system, we investigated the plasticity and potential of mouse AMSCs to differentiate into neural cells in response to neonatal mice brain extracted medium. Methods: Mouse amniotic membrane stem cells were isolated from embryos, cultured in presence of medium derived from neonatal mouse brain medium and immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry analyses were used to explore the neural differentiation of them. Results: Isolated amnion membrane stem cells showed high rate of viability and proliferation and presented neural characters in the presence of neonatal brain extracted medium such morphological changes and Nestin and Map-2 expression. Conclusion: In conclusion, results from this study showed that amnion membrane derives stem cells are potent stem cells to respond to environmental signals promoting them to neural fate.

Differentiation into Hair Cells from AM‐Derived Stem Cells

Objective: Placenta, umbilical cord, and blood are alternative sources of stem cells. We designed an experiment to isolate and culture stem cells from human amniotic membrane. And we made a plan to induce auditory hair cells and neurons from the stem cells of amniotic membrane. Method: Human amniotic membrane was obtained.) We dissociated amniotic membrane with trypsin and transferred it to culture medium which contained 10ï¼… fetal bovine serum and 1ï¼… penicillin-streptomycin. We sub cultured it until the third generation was used for further experimental procedures. For differentiation into neural progenitor cells, we cultured amniotic membrane stem cells in EGF (epidermal growth factor) and β-FGF (fibrous growth factor) and for differentiation into hair cells and neurons, we cultured in neurobasal medium. Results: We can isolate and culture stem cells from human amniotic membrane. By flow cytometric analysis of stem cells from human amniotic membrane, they showed positive responses at mesenchymal stem cell marker (CD 73, CD90, CD105) and negative responses at hematopoietic stem cell marker (CD34, CD14, CD19, HLA). The results of culture at different culture medium showed a differentiation to neural progenitor cells, hair cells, and neuron, and we confirmed by immunofluorescence staining and RT-PCR. Conclusion: We demonstrated that amniotic membrane–derived stem cells could be differentiated into neuronal progenitor cells, and this could lead to the differentiation into hair cells and neurons.

Amniotic Fluid and Amniotic Membrane Stem Cells: Marker Discovery

Amniotic fluid (AF) and amniotic membrane (AM) have been recently characterized as promising sources of stem or progenitor cells. Both not only contain subpopulations with stem cell characteristics resembling to adult stem cells, such as mesenchymal stem cells, but also exhibit some embryonic stem cell properties like (i) expression of pluripotency markers, (ii) high expansion in vitro, or (iii) multilineage differentiation capacity. Recent efforts have been focused on the isolation and the detailed characterization of these stem cell types. However, variations in their phenotype, their heterogeneity described by different groups, and the absence of a single marker expressed only in these cells may prevent the isolation of a pure homogeneous stem cell population from these sources and their potential use of these cells in therapeutic applications. In this paper, we aim to summarize the recent progress in marker discovery for stem cells derived from fetal sources such as AF and AM, using novel methodologies based on transcriptomics, proteomics, or secretome analyses.

Amniotic Stem Cells: Potential in Regenerative Medicine

Amniotic Stem Cells: Potential in Regenerative Medicine

Reconstruction of tissue engineered skin with amniotic membrane and epidermal stem cells

Reconstruction of tissue engineered skin with amniotic membrane and epidermal stem cells