Control Video Research Articles

The Rhetoric of Political Emotions in the Internet News Discourse

The paper focuses on the issues of public opinion manipulation and emotionalization of the Internet news discourse. The purpose of this study is to identify the specifics of political emotions and their rhetorical potential in the Internet news discourse. Through the discourse analysis of the statements uttered by politicians and taken from the news stories of the highly circulated British and American online media, political emotions are defined as a particular type of emotions intended to manipulate public opinion both emotionally and politically. The analysis of the rhetorical potential of political emotions reveals that political emotions can be used with the aim of social solidarity, group identification, decision-making, shaping public opinion, discrediting the opponent, polarizing social groups as well as enhancing the public image of a politician in the Internet news discourse. The findings provide the support for the hypothesis that political emotions play an important role in modern argumentation, leaving the facts behind and becoming a key factor that determines the credibility of information in the modern online media. The results of this study can be applied in the field of linguistics, journalism, psychology and political science. A range of implications for understanding the complex nature of emotions and their key role in the Internet news discourse is explored.

Gifts and testimonies: sharing of experiences and memories among mothers of children with complex health conditions

The American online journal Complex Child, written by and for mothers of complex children, has documented an important collection of personal experiences since 2008. We analyzed 126 editions of the journal, in which our approach was to search in the writings for positive (and thus counterhegemonic) meanings, based on an experience that has found little room in the social imaginary except for that of personal tragedy. Assuming the position of these mothers as politically and historically situated, we identified the dimension of testimonies. Marcel Mauss' theory of the gift, as well as the notion of social suffering in Veena Das, provide this study's theoretical framework, organized in essay format. After organizing and reading the collection in light of our references, we identified four niches for discussion. The maternal constructions of happiness appear to be grouped around the ideas of "gift" and "legacy". The notion of gift is associated with gains originating from the existence of (and care for) the complex child, while the idea of legacy refers mainly to a child or youngster who has passed away. Once the mother can see her child and the opportunities from caring for her child as gifts, she feels a practically imperious need to give back to the world.

"I Just Like the Stock" versus "Fear and Loathing on Main Street" : The Role of Reddit Sentiment in the GameStop Short Squeeze

This paper investigates the role, if any, played by the social media platform Reddit, in the events around the GameStop short squeeze in early 2021. In particular, we analyse the impact of discussions on the r/WallStreetBets subreddit on the price dynamics of the American online retailer GameStop. We perform textual analysis on 10.8m comments and surface the relationships between the comment sentiments and 1-min GameStop returns. Results indicate that both tone and number of comments influence GME intraday returns. Sentiments extracted from longer threads have a greater influence. Fear is the dominant sentiment in all comments, while comments that express a Sad sentiment show the most significant impact. While investors may just like the stock, it appears that fear and loathing also are important.

КОММУНИКАТИВНО-КОМПЕНСАТОРНЫЕ ПРОЦЕССЫ В СОЦИАЛЬНЫХ СЕТЯХ

The aimof the article is to identify the specifics of communicative-compensatory processes on social network. Materials & methods. In order to achievethat objective, the general scientific research methods: analysis, classification, observation, description were used. In addition, as part of an integrated sociolinguistic approach, discourse analysis and a quantitative research method were used. Publications posted in the Ukrainian sector of an American online social media and social networking service Facebook served as an input for the research. Results & discussions. The study identified three modes of communicative-compensatory processes, which are arranged in descending order according to their proportions: 1)communicative-compensatory process characterized by a correlation with the defense mechanism “overcompensation”. During this process personal growth and radical transformations of the whole personality occur on the basis of the dialogical mutual affirmation of “I” and “You”. At the linguistic level, such mode is manifested owing to the use of a preferable image (real or illusory) to affirm one’s strength, significance, value, that is, for self-assertion and rising in status; 2)process characterized by a correlation with the defense mechanism “direct compensation” and which shows itself as adaptive in nature and does not contribute to the personal growth. At the linguistic level such mode is manifested in the individual concentrating on his own interests, feelings and needs and orientation on consumption; 3)process characterized by a correlation with the defense mechanism “illusive overcompensation” and which nature is emotional vampirism. At the linguistic level such mode is manifested in the watching out for another person’s imaginary or real flaws with the purpose of emphasizing and exaggerating. Conclusion. A specific feature of communicative-compensatory processes in social networks is that they mainly act as representations of the compensatory functionof autocommunication. The dominant form of compensatory autocommunication in social networks is an internal monologue. The verbal implementation of communicative-compensatory processes in social networks are: 1)posts in which the protest gains the power of critical confrontation and is a synonym for the right to individual free development; 2)posts aimed at humiliation and criticism; 3)posts containing advice, support, comfort to the troubled “I”.

DIFFERENT TYPES OF STEREOTYPE TOWARD LGBT AS MINORITY ON AMERICAN ONLINE NEWS

This research discusses the stereotypes of LGBT in the United States, which appear on American online news. This research works under Post-Nationalist American Studies by applying the gender socialization approach and stereotype theory. Qualitative research aims to seek the differences of stereotypes experienced by LGBT in the United States. The online news portals selected include The New York Times, Washington Post, and USA Today. These news portals are chosen due to their neutrality and trustworthiness as online news portals for American society. By examining the data, the researcher found that the stereotypes experienced by Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender in the United States are different from one another. The findings and discussion show that Transgender stereotypes in the United States are more negative rather than others. In short, LGBT is mostly considered as a unity; however, it faces different challenges due to their minority status in the middle of American society.

HPV Vaccine-Related Beliefs and Knowledge among Adults 18–45 Years Old

ABSTRACT Background: Although receiving the HPV vaccine can help to prevent the development of cancer and HPV-related diseases, many individuals are not vaccinated in adolescence. Purpose: To examine knowledge about changes to the FDA’s approval of the HPV vaccine for adults ages 26–45 years and to utilize the Integrated Behavioral Model (IBM) constructs to understand the relationship between beliefs and HPV vaccine intention. Methods: An online survey was used to examine HPV vaccine-related beliefs, knowledge, and uptake among a sample of 421 U.S. adults 18–45 years old in April 2019. Results: Perceived norms, perceived control, sex, and provider recommendation were significantly related to vaccine intention. Perceived norms, age, and healthcare provider recommendation were significantly related to receiving the full dose of the vaccine. Fewer than half of the participants indicated having at least one dose of the HPV vaccine or having had a provider recommend the vaccine. Less than 4% knew the vaccine had been approved by the FDA for up to 45 years old. Discussion: Results highlight the importance of social norms and patient education on HPV vaccine uptake and intention. Translation to Health Education Practice: Findings can inform future interventions and instrument development. A AJHE Self-Study quiz is online for this article via the SHAPE America Online Institute (SAOI) http://portal.shapeamerica.org/trn-Webinars

Fall Prevention Bingo: Effects of a Novel Community-based Education Tool on Older Adults Knowledge and Readiness to Reduce Risks for Falls

ABSTRACT Background Fall prevention education can increase knowledge of fall risks and promote behavior changes to help reduce the incidence of falls among older adults. Fall Prevention Bingo (FPB) was created as an engaging tool to deliver fall prevention education to older adults. Purpose: To evaluate the effects of FPB on older adults’ knowledge of fall risks, their readiness to make health behavior changes, and their attitudes toward reducing personal risks for falls. Methods: A total of 110 community-dwelling older adults (mean age: 72.0 ± 10.2 years) participated in the study across 11 senior or community centers in St. Louis, Missouri, USA. Results: Knowledge of fall risk behaviors increased after playing FPB (p =.007). A ceiling effect occurred when measuring readiness to change. Participants reported that FPB was informative and interactive. Discussion: FPB is a fun and engaging educational tool that can be used to improve knowledge of fall risks among older adults. A ceiling effect obtained from the Stages of Change Score indicated that most participants had already made behavior changes to reduce risks for falls. Translation to Health Education Practice: FPB can be an effective method to deliver fall prevention education in community settings. A AJHE Self-Study quiz is online for this article via the SHAPE America Online Institute (SAOI) http://portal.shapeamerica.org/trn-Webinars

Examining Chinese and American Online Learning

Through a collaborative opportunity, educators from the U.S. and China share examples and comparisons of online learning, or distance education, occurring in their respective nations. This article draws from experience on both sides to explore online course design, learning management systems (LMS), and course evaluation. In all situations, the universities had well developed online offerings for students. However, as LMS and support were similar in the U.S. when compared to Chinese counterparts, variance was visible in a number of areas. Discussion stems from the perceived strengths and weaknesses of distance education foundations, training, and support. The most notable differences were found in programs offered in an online format, the scope that the platform encompassed, and mandatory evaluation of course content.

Intention to Use E-Cigarettes to Quit Smoking: A Reasoned Action Approach

ABSTRACT Background: Some electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) users report using these products to quit smoking combustible cigarettes. Purpose: Using the Reasoned Action Approach (RAA), we sought to develop, confirm, and explore a measure of current smokers’ intentions, attitudes (instrumental and experiential), social norms (injunctive and descriptive), and perceived behavioral control (capacity and autonomy) to use e-cigarettes to quit smoking. Methods: A sample of US young adults completed one of two cross-sectional online surveys. For the first sample (n = 315) exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was used to examine the structure of the original 31-item instrument. The second sample (n = 315) confirmed the model using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Structural equation modeling (SEM) tested the constructs’ ability to predict intention. Results: SEM indicated instrumental attitudes (p < .05), experiential attitudes (p < .01), and injunctive norms (p < .05) predicted young adults’ intentions to use e-cigarettes to quit smoking (r2 = 0.43). Discussion: Further exploration is needed to determine if intention to use e-cigarettes to quit smoking is predictive of short- and long-term smoking abstinence. Translation to Health Education Practice: Health educators should emphasize the experience of using e-cigarettes, the importance of quitting cigarettes completely, and injunctive norms who support young adults switching to these devices. A AJHE Self-Study quiz is online for this article via the SHAPE America Online Institute (SAOI) http://portal.shapeamerica.org/trn-Webinars

Zeran v. America Online E-Resource

The Fourth Circuit's 1997 ruling in Zeran v. America Online played a critical role in Section 230 jurisprudence and, by extension, the Internet's development. To better understand this seminal case, we compiled a variety of resources about the case, including (1) two dozen essays reflecting upon the decision's 20th anniversary, and (2) key opinions and filings from the litigation, some of which have never before been available in electronic format. This compilation should interest anyone researching the history of Internet Law or thinking about the implications of online speech policies and the ongoing policy debates about Section 230.

The Impact of Entertainment Education for Social and Emotional Learning in Elementary Schools

ABSTRACT Background: Educational Entertainment (EE) is a promising delivery method for Social and Emotional Learning interventions focused on mental illness stigma reduction. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the changes in students’ self-reported empathy and mental illness stigma after participating in an EE intervention about coping with bipolar disorder delivered in a live-play format. Methods: Participants were 121 elementary and middle school students who completed assessment pre and post performance. Results: Findings from this within-subjects evaluation revealed no changes in empathy, but a small, statistically significant improvement in mental illness stigma. EE may be a viable intervention for systematically improving SEL skills on a broader level. Translation to Health Education Practice: This study adds support to the viability of EE as an intervention approach for improving mental illness stigma and Social and Emotional Learning skills for large numbers of elementary-aged students. A AJHE Self-Study quiz is online for this article via the SHAPE America Online Institute (SAOI) http://portal.shapeamerica.org/trn-Webinars

African American online newspapers’ coverage of policy debate on the Affordable Care Act in 2017

Using content analysis, this study examined the coverage on the repeal and replace efforts of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) in 2017 in three African American online newspapers—Afro.Com, AtlantaBlackStar.Com, and PhillyTrib.com. Top three news frames across the news coverage by these online newspapers reflected political contention and political maneuverings around the ACA and potential policy implications of the Republicans’ proposed bills to replace the ACA.

The Impact of Home Sharing on Residential Real Estate Markets

This paper explores the effects of home-sharing platforms in general and Airbnb in particular on rental rates at a neighbourhood level. Using consumer-facing Airbnb data from ten neighbourhoods located within large metropolitan areas in the U.S. between 2013–2017, as well as rental data from the American online real estate database company, Zillow, this paper examines the relationship between Airbnb penetration and rental rates. The results indicate that the relationship is not as unanimous as once thought. Viewing the relationship at an aggregate level, an approach used by many researchers in the past, hides the complexities of the underlying effects. Instead, Airbnb’s impact on rental rates depends on a neighbourhood’s individual characteristics. This study also urges policy makers to create tailor-made solutions that help curb the negative impacts associated with the platform whilst still harnessing its economic benefits.

QuPiD Attack: Machine Learning-Based Privacy Quantification Mechanism for PIR Protocols in Health-Related Web Search

With the advancement in ICT, web search engines have become a preferred source to find health-related information published over the Internet. Google alone receives more than one billion health-related queries on a daily basis. However, in order to provide the results most relevant to the user, WSEs maintain the users’ profiles. These profiles may contain private and sensitive information such as the user’s health condition, disease status, and others. Health-related queries contain privacy-sensitive information that may infringe user’s privacy, as the identity of a user is exposed and may be misused by the WSE and third parties. This raises serious concerns since the identity of a user is exposed and may be misused by third parties. One well-known solution to preserve privacy involves issuing the queries via peer-to-peer private information retrieval protocol, such as useless user profile (UUP), thereby hiding the user’s identity from the WSE. This paper investigates the level of protection offered by UUP. For this purpose, we present QuPiD (query profile distance) attack: a machine learning-based attack that evaluates the effectiveness of UUP in privacy protection. QuPiD attack determines the distance between the user’s profile (web search history) and upcoming query using our proposed novel feature vector. The experiments were conducted using ten classification algorithms belonging to the tree-based, rule-based, lazy learner, metaheuristic, and Bayesian families for the sake of comparison. Furthermore, two subsets of an America Online dataset (noisy and clean datasets) were used for experimentation. The results show that the proposed QuPiD attack associates more than 70% queries to the correct user with a precision of over 72% for the clean dataset, while for the noisy dataset, the proposed QuPiD attack associates more than 40% queries to the correct user with 70% precision.

College Students’ Intention to Select Healthy Snacks: An Application of the Theory of Planned Behavior

ABSTRACT Background As snacking has become an increasingly important part of adult diet over the past decades, better understanding of the intent to choose healthy snacks is crucial for promotion of healthy eating. Purpose: This study aimed to explain college students’ intentions to choose healthy snacks using the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). Methods: An online survey of students was conducted in a large public university in the South-eastern U.S. In addition to basic demographics, behavioral intention to choose healthy snacks as well as direct and indirect measures of attitudes, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control were assessed. Stepwise multiple linear regressions were estimated to determine relationships between constructs. Results: University students’ attitude and perceived behavioral control regarding healthy snacking were key predictors of behavioral intention. Controlling for TPB variables, African American students had significantly lower intention to choose healthy snacks. Discussion: TPB is an effective framework in identifying variables predictive of nutrition behaviors and food choices. The study showed that factors outside of TPB also play a role. Translation to Health Practice Education: To improve snacking behaviors, education efforts should include components to increase student motivation and provide resources and ideas to help prepare or purchase healthy snacks. A AJHE Self-Study quiz is online for this article via the SHAPE America Online Institute (SAOI) http://portal.shapeamerica.org/trn-Webinars

Co-Occurring Health Risk Behaviors and Their Association with Self-Rated Health among Female College Students

ABSTRACT Background Existing research focuses on the co-occurrence of lifestyle-related health risk behaviors among college students. Although students’ self-reported health risk behaviors have been examined, students’ self-rated health and its association with these co-occurring health risk behaviors have been overlooked. Purpose: The goals of the current study were to identify levels of co-occurrence of health risk behaviors among female college students and to test the prediction that students with multiple co-occurring health risk behaviors would report poorer self-rated health. Methods: Data from an online survey that assessed the five selected health risk behaviors and self-rated health of undergraduate students at a liberal arts university in the northeast of the USA were analyzed. Results: High prevalence rates were found on all five risk behaviors and the majority of participants reported engaging in two or more co-occurring health behaviors. The inverse association between perceived health and level of co-occurrence of health risk behaviors was consistent with what was predicted. Discussion: Students’ perceived health should be considered in the examination of health risk behaviors among college students. Translation to Health Education Practice: These findings can inform efforts to provide Health Education and prevention programming on college campuses that incorporates multiple health behaviors. A AJHE Self-Study quiz is online for this article via the SHAPE America Online Institute (SAOI) http://portal.shapeamerica.org/trn-Webinars

VENTURE INVESTMENT AS A MEAN TO STIMULATE THE IMPLEMENTATION OF INNOVATIONS AT THE ENTERPRISES

The article considers the expediency of transition to an innovative type of economy at the expense of the development of small venture enterprises. The venture industry, which became the main source of funding for innovative projects in the mid-twentieth century. in the United States, it is by far the main lever for financing companies involved in the implementation of high-risk innovation projects. During the last 70 years in the United States, a significant number of emerging technology start-ups have been invested in venture capital. For example, these were such famous projects as America Online, Amgen, Apple Computer, Cisco Systems, Compaq, DEC, Federal Express, Genentech, Intel, Lotus, Netscape, Oracle, Seagate, Sun Microsystems, 3Com, Yahoo and numerous other companies. With this approach, new industries such as biotechnology, genetic engineering, semiconductor materials production, database development and software development, the Internet, hard disk drives, microcomputers, mobile phones, the IT sector, etc., have evolved. Thus, venture capital has become an important part of the US national innovation system and has helped the United States to dominate the global economy.The purpose of the article is to study the features of the process of attracting venture capital to Ukraine, as well as the problems that may be faced by modern business.The venture financing process involves a combination of start-up capital and management experience of venture investors. While banks only monitor the financial condition of the business to which they have lent, venture investors, in addition to their financial status, constantly monitor and actively participate in the choice of strategy and decision-making process for one or another direction of enterprise development. Therefore, venture capital is inherently a strategically important element in the development of the country’s economy.The article gives an example of the development of venture financing in economically developed countries. The typical problems that venture capital investors face in the process of providing start-up capital are identified.

Illegally Blonde: The Racialisation of Blondness and Visual Representations of Palestinian Activist Ahed Tamimi in American and Canadian Media

Informed by theories of media representation, Orientalism, and settler colonialism, this research endeavours to contribute to the discussion on the impact of media representation within a specific political context. It intends to reveal the power dimensions and ideological positions embedded in dominant media discourses in North America. Five news videos, three from Canadian, and two from American online daily media sources, are selected carefully during December 2017 and July 2018 when the Israeli army arrested Ahed Tamimi. In terms of methodologies, adopts Chouliaraki's (2011) multimodality model to analyse the visual and semiotic choices made by the news editors and draws on Fairclough's (1995) conception of Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) for its contextual analysis. The findings suggest that through different discursive and representational strategies, the media frame Tamimi and the Palestinians as violent initiators. Moreover, Tamimi's blondness and her ‘Western’ look are marked as ‘fake’ and ‘propaganda’, thus establishing the new norm of representing ‘Otherness’. These strategies echo accepted values in American and Canadian societies and their foreign policies in the past decade. The results also achieve the purpose of legitimising the use of state violence on colonised bodies, which ultimately reflects settler-colonial history in North America.

Peer Recognition of Disordered Eating Behaviors: Implications for Improving Awareness through Health Education

ABSTRACTBackground: Eating disorders (ED) are a concern on college campuses, yet comprehensive education and awareness is low. Few studies have investigated knowledge of disordered eating not fitting prototypical depictions or recognition of disordered eating in males. Purpose: To assess college students’ ability to identify behavioral symptoms of ED in men and women. Methods: We explored problem identification ability after reading vignettes depicting either males or females displaying ED behaviors aligned with anorexia, bulimia, and binge eating disorder, and a healthy control vignette. Ordinal logistic was used to examine the effect of vignette target gender, participant gender, and disorder depicted on identification. Results: Approximately half of the sampled students correctly categorized vignettes as EDs. Participants were most likely to correctly identify the bulimia scenario as an ED, followed by anorexia, and binge-eating, and were more likely to identify ED if the vignette target was a woman. Discussion: The findings suggest awareness of behavioral presentations of ED, particularly in males, is low. This may stem from prototypical depictions of ED in the media and existing education material. Translation to Health Education Practice: Health education can focus on observable, behavioral symptoms of ED to improve identification in college students.A AJHE Self-Study quiz is online for this article via the SHAPE America Online Institute (SAOI)http://portal.shapeamerica.org/trn-Webinars

What universities in the Middle East can learn from the American online education system

In this paper, the author provides insights and lessons that can be learned from colleagues at American universities about their online education experiences. The literature review and previous studies of online educations gains are explored and summarized in this research. Emerging trends in online education are discussed in detail, and strategies to implement these trends are explained. The author provides several tools and strategies that enable universities to ensure the quality of online education. At the end of this research paper, the researcher provides examples from Arab universities who have successfully implemented online education and expanded their impact on the society. This research provides a strategy and a model that can be used by universities in the Middle East as a roadmap to implement online education in their regions.