Ambient Heat Research Articles

Genetic diversity, transcript heterogeneity and allele mining of TaSKP1-6B-4 gene variants across diverse genotypes under terminal heat stress and genome wide characterization of TaSKP1 gene family from bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.).

SKP1 (S-phase kinase protein1) is an essential regulatory component of SCF (Skp1-cullin-F-box) E3 ubiquitin ligases involved in maintenance of cellular protein homeostasis through ubiquitin mediated proteasome system (UPS). UPS play a key role in stress response and grain yield. Earlier, we isolated TaSKP1-6B-4, highly induced in flag leaf tissues (Accession No. KJ830759.1) of developing wheat caryopses under heat stress. To further assess the functional role of SKP1, genetic variability analysis was carried out in a panel of 25 contrasting germplasm through extensive phenotyping and transcript profiling of TaSKP1-6B-4 during anthesis under ambient and terminal heat stress (THS) in field experiments for two consecutive years. The analysis of variance revealed significant variations for all the traits studied. Higher H2(%), GCV, PCV, GA and GA% mean observed in tiller number per plant (23.81, 17.65, 5.71, 28, 30.86%) and grain number per head (30.27, 82.79, 60.16, 105.00, 108.64%) under THS over ambient temperature. Higher fold induction of TaSKP1-6B-4 transcripts was recorded in 10 genotypes viz. HD2967 (9.9), IC145456 (6.18) in flag leaf; while C-306 (15.88), RAJ3765 (8.37) in ear head. Allele mining of SKP1-6B-4 showed genotypic sequence variations. Whole genome wide search of SKP1 gene family identified 95 SKP1 genes which were structurally characterized. Grain yield, leaf senescence and other agronomic-morpho-physiological parameters combined with transcript profiling, cvHD2967, was found to be the best positively responsive to THS which by pedigree was not heat tolerant. We report a novel 2 year comprehensive field based analysis on collective genetic variability and SKP1/UPS modulation under a natural environmental setting. The data reveals potential functional role of UPS under THS and tolerant cultivars can be further utilized for clarifying the role of UPS mechanistically at the molecular level and for developing terminal heat stress tolerant wheat.

The impact of ambient pressure on the gas temperature near the ceiling and air entrainment caused by two fires in a tunnel

The tunnel is a typical underground building. Estimating the heat released by the fire sources to the surrounding environment, as well as providing rapid emergency response, requires a thorough comprehension of the properties of gas temperature and air entrainment beneath tunnel ceilings. Numerical works are performed to explore the impact of pressure on the gas distribution, velocity field distribution, temperature field distribution, and air entrainment rate induced by dual interacting fires with various heat release rates in a tunnel building. The findings indicate that as the distance between fires increases, two flames undergo a transition from merging together to not merging (S/D ≥ 2). The rise in atmospheric pressure leads to an augmentation in the air intake of two fires, ultimately diminishing the intensity at which the flames merge. As the spacing or pressure decreases, the area of flame expansion on the tunnel ceiling grows. The oxygen level in the extra space between the two flames gradually rises as the ambient pressure rises. This leads to a reduction in the local gas speed and temperature. The constraint factor is utilized to describe the maximum strength of air entrainment, revealing that the air entrainment constraint factor (β) for two tunnel fires ranges from 0 to 0.2. The maximum temperature rise of ceiling gas (ΔTmax) is reached at zero fire spacing, which is about 900 °C. For two fires with large spacings (S/D ≥ 2), ΔTmax is mainly determined by ambient pressure and heat release rate. Given that less cryogenic air entrainment into the ceiling gas, a higher ΔTmax is achieved at lower ambient pressure. A segmented correlation to correlate ΔTmax of two fires is developed and well-verified using literature data, and the forecast error is within ±30%.

Supplementation of Amla (Emblica officinalis) Fruit Powder Modulate Growth and Reduce Heat Stress in Broiler Chickens

Heat stress is a significant environmental challenge that impairs broiler production, negatively impacting growth, feed intake, nutrient absorption, and gut ecology. Various methods exist to mitigate heat stress such as genetic and nutritional approaches, air conditioning, ventilation, and antibiotic growth promoters but they are often expensive and not always adequate. Keeping this view in mind, research has been focused on medicinal herbs which are available, cheap and safer to use. Amla fruit possesses antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-stress properties that could mitigate heat stress’s harmful effects on broilers. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the impact of amla fruit powder on growth performance, gut microbiota and blood lipid profile of broilers under ambient temperature and heat stressed condition. A total of 126 broiler chicks were divided into two major groups, one group kept under ambient temperature and another group exposed to heat stress. Each major group was split into 3 subgroups with 3 replications having 7 chicks per replication. In case of each major groups, first sub groups were kept as a control and latter two groups were supplemented with 0.5% and 1.0% amla fruit powder, respectively. Total duration of the experiment was 35 days, where treatments were given with basal diet from 12 days. All the experiment birds were maintained with the similar management except the experimental diets. The results showed that body weight and body weight gain at the end of the experiment were higher in amla treated group than in the control group at both temperatures. Supplementation of amla fruit powder also improved feed conversion ratio (FCR) and dressing percentage than the control groups. Additionally, amla powder reduced TC, TAG and LDL levels and slightly increased HDL content. Amla fruit powder decreased pathogenic bacterial population such as Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. concentration in the gut and increased probiotic bacterial concentration such as Lactobacillus spp. under both rearing temperatures. Taken together, it can be concluded that, amla fruit powder could be used as an alternative tool to improve broiler performance and mitigate the deleterious effects of heat stress on broiler chickens.

Cost-benefit assessment of health benefits of local climate action: scoping review

Abstract Background Local climate strategies are often linked to current priorities for transport, housing and planning but the health benefits of these strategies are often neglected in decision making. Economic information on the health benefits of climate action, including return on investment (RoI), would help support adaptation in Local Government. Aim To review methods for economic evaluation of the health benefits of local climate action (adaptation and mitigation) in high income countries. Methods We undertook a scoping review of full economic assessments that considered the health impacts of local climate action. We first reviewed climate actions and strategy documents to identify climate policies, practices and measures. We searched four electronic databases (Global Health, Web of Science, ECONLIT, and MEDLINE via OVID) for studies published from 2000 to 2022. Results 26 studies were identified. The economic assessments covered a range of interventions, mostly for mitigation objectives: active travel (n = 10); housing (n = 6), green infrastructure (n = 4), heatwave warning systems (n = 3), transport (n = 1), and food waste (n = 1). A limited range of economic methods were used, with most using benefit-cost ratios (BCR) as a measure of cost effectiveness (n = 14). The range of health outcomes that were monetised was even more limited, either benefits from reduction in indoor or ambient heat and/or air pollutants (PM) on mortality or increased physical activity. Conclusions Currently there is limited economic evidence to support decision-making for local climate action that takes health into consideration. Climate actions may also incorporate nature-based solutions but these have specific challenges for evaluation and valuation. There is a need to develop standard methods to allow decision makers to evaluate the most appropriate strategies.

Heat exposure and heat stress in outdoor workers: a review of measures in published studies

Abstract Background Increased ambient air temperatures resulting from climate change led to higher heat levels for outdoor workers. Heat exposure refers to ambient environmental heat exposures; while heat stress also considers the clothing type and the metabolic rate resulting from physical activity. We reviewed the types of heat exposure/stress measures used in published studies. Methods A literature review was conducted to identify and examine measures of heat exposure and heat stress in outdoor workers. Results The most common indices measuring heat exposure/stress in occupational health include the Wet Bulb Globe Temperature (WBGT), Environmental Stress Index (ESI), Heat Index (HI), Humidex (HD), and Discomfort Index (DI). HI, HD and DI account for ambient air temperature and relative humidity surrounding workers. WBGT accounts for air temperature, radiant temperature, humidity, speed of air movement, and adjusts for clothing and metabolic rate. ESI considers factors like WBGT except for speed of air and does not account for clothing and metabolic rate. Both ESI and WBGT fail to consider the risk of dehydration resulting from excessive sweating in hot work environments. HI, HD and DI measure heat exposure but not heat stress as they do not account for the metabolic rate; also, they do not consider radiation and may underestimate the potential danger of working in excessive heat. These indices are considered simpler to use than WBGT. However, WBGT is more precise and covers environmental factors influencing heat exposure/stress. Questionnaires are also used to assess workers’ perceptions of heat exposure and self-reported health impacts. Their findings, in general, have not been comparable due to the heterogeneity of questions used. Conclusions Although WBGT is recommended for accurate measures of heat exposure/stress, its high cost has been a deterrent for workplaces in low-income countries. Projects with low financial resources opt for simpler and cheaper measures of heat. Key messages • The use of reliable devices is necessary to measure and monitor heat exposure in outdoor work. • It is desirable to generate homogenous results for the comparability of study findings in occupational health research.

On thermodynamic extremal principles in gradient plasticity with energetic forces

Incremental energy minimization is revisited as a method of determining an incremental solution for rate-independent dissipative solids undergoing isothermal quasi-static deformation. The incremental minimization is applied to the total internal energy of the compound thermodynamic system that consists of a deforming body with internal variables, a conservative loading device, and an ambient heat reservoir. It is shown that the difference between the virtual and actual dissipation rates plays a fundamental role in this minimization, which is related to thermodynamic extremal principles of local and global type. The analysis is carried out within the gradient plasticity framework with the energetic forces derived as the variational derivative of the Helmholtz free energy depending on the spatial gradient of arbitrary internal variables. Specifications are given for existing models of gradient plasticity.

Accelerating transition toward district heating-system decarbonization by policy co-design with key investors: opportunities and challenges

District heating in European, Chinese, and Russian cities is still mainly produced with fossil fuels. Energy-system reconfiguration is essential to achieve full decarbonization, which calls for a greater understanding of how to engage key investors in market transformation and how to formulate effective policy mixes. This article reports on how decarbonization could be accelerated in district-heating systems in Finland with stakeholder orientation especially on key investors consisting of companies focused on district-heating, data-center management, real estate development, and sewage operations. The technological attention is on the excess and ambient heat systems. Drawing from surveys, interviews, and workshops we identified investment barriers and collected policy and strategy proposals to overcome them. The results demonstrate that diversifying and strengthening the policy and strategy mix is needed to overcome barriers related to profitability, political uncertainties, and underdeveloped cooperation and profit-sharing models. Policy co-design with key investors holds potential to improve the effectiveness and acceptability of policies, but with certain limitations as regime actors tend to oppose the types of destabilization needed to achieve full decarbonization of energy systems. Thus, effective policy co-design processes need further development as collaboration is a success factor to achieve climate change-mitigation targets, but simultaneously tensions and conflicts cannot be avoided when accelerating energy-system transformation.

The burden, risk factors and unique etiologies of stroke in South-East Asia Region (SEAR).

The World Health Organization (WHO) South East Asia Region (SEAR) comprises 11 countries, which are one of the most culturally, topographically, and socially diverse areas worldwide, undergoing an epidemiological transition towards non-communicable diseases, including stroke and other cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). This region accounts for over 40% of the global stroke mortality. Few well-designed population-based epidemiological studies on stroke are available from SEAR countries, with considerable variations among them. Ischemic stroke, a common stroke subtype, has higher frequencies of intracerebral hemorrhage in many countries. Along with an aging population, the increased prevalence of risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, tobacco and alcohol consumption, lack of physical activity, high ambient pollution, heat, and humidity contribute to the high burden of stroke in this region. SEAR's many unique and uncommon stroke etiologies include cerebral venous thrombosis, tuberculosis, dengue, scrub typhus, falciparum malaria, snake bite, scorpion sting, etc. Current data on stroke burden and risk factors is lacking, compelling an urgent need for high-quality hospital-level and population-level data in all SEAR countries. Strategies towards a consolidated approach for implementing improved stroke prevention measures, stroke surveillance, and established stroke systems of care are the path to bridging the gaps in stroke care.

Associations between short-term ambient temperature exposure and emergency department visits for amphetamine, cocaine, and opioid use in California from 2005 to 2019

Substance use disorder is a growing public health challenge in the United States. People who use drugs may be more vulnerable to ambient heat due to the effects of drugs on thermoregulation and their risk environment. There have been limited population-based studies of ambient temperature and drug-related morbidity. We examined short-term associations between daily ambient temperature and emergency department (ED) visits for use or overdose of amphetamine, cocaine and opioids in California during the period 2005 to 2019. Daily ZIP code-level maximum, mean, and minimum temperature exposures were derived from 1-km data Daymet products. A time-stratified case-crossover design was used to estimate cumulative non-linear associations of daily temperature for lag days 0 to 3. Stratified analyses by patient sex, race, and ethnicity were also conducted. The study included over 3.4 million drug-related ED visits. We found positive associations between daily temperature and ED visits for all outcomes examined. An increase in daily mean temperature from the 50th to the 95th percentile was associated with ED visits for amphetamine use (OR = 1.072, 95% CI: 1.058, 1.086), cocaine use (OR = 1.044, 95% CI: 1.021, 1.068 and opioid use (OR = 1.041, 95% CI: 1.025, 1.057). Stronger positive associations were also observed for overdose: amphetamine overdose (OR = 1.150, 95% CI: 1.085, 1.218), cocaine overdose (OR = 1.159, 95% CI: 1.053, 1.276), and opioid overdose (OR = 1.079, 95% CI: 1.054, 1.106). In summary, people who use stimulants and opioids may be a subpopulation sensitive to short-term higher ambient temperature. Mitigating heat exposure can be considered in harm reduction strategies in response to the substance use epidemic and global climate change.

Anti‐Stokes Luminescence in Multi‐Resonance‐Type Thermally‐Activated Delayed Fluorescence Molecules

AbstractPhoton‐upconversion in organic molecular systems is one of the promising technologies for future energy harvesting systems because these systems can generate excitons that possess higher energy than excitation energy. The photon‐upconversion caused by absorbing ambient heat as additional energy is particularly interesting because it could ideally provide a light‐driving cooling system. However, only a few organic molecular systems have been reported. Here, we report the anti‐Stokes photoluminescence (ASPL) derived from hot‐band absorption in a series of multi‐resonance‐type thermally‐activated delayed fluorescence (MR‐TADF) molecules. The MR‐TADF molecules exhibited an anti‐Stokes shift of approximately 0.1 eV with a high PL quantum yield in the solution state. The anti‐Stokes shift corresponded well to the 1–0 vibration transition from the ground state to the excited singlet state, and we further evaluated a correlation between the activation energy for the ASPL intensity and the TADF process. Our demonstration underlines that MR‐TADF molecules have become a novel class of ASPL materials for various future applications, such as light‐driving cooling systems.

Anti-Stokes Luminescence in Multi-Resonance-Type Thermally-Activated Delayed Fluorescence Molecules.

Photon-upconversion in organic molecular systems is one of the promising technologies for future energy harvesting systems because these systems can generate excitons that possess higher energy than excitation energy. The photon-upconversion caused by absorbing ambient heat as additional energy is particularly interesting because it could ideally provide a light-driving cooling system. However, only a few organic molecular systems have been reported. Here, we report the anti-Stokes photoluminescence (ASPL) derived from hot-band absorption in a series of multi-resonance-type thermally-activated delayed fluorescence (MR-TADF) molecules. The MR-TADF molecules exhibited an anti-Stokes shift of approximately 0.1 eV with a high PL quantum yield in the solution state. The anti-Stokes shift corresponded well to the 1-0 vibration transition from the ground state to the excited singlet state, and we further evaluated a correlation between the activation energy for the ASPL intensity and the TADF process. Our demonstration underlines that MR-TADF molecules have become a novel class of ASPL materials for various future applications, such as light-driving cooling systems.

Cause-specific accidental deaths and burdens related to ambient heat in a warming climate: A nationwide study of China

BackgroundFuture warming is projected to increase the heat-related mortality burden, especially for vulnerable populations. However, most previous studies focused on non-accidental morbidity or mortality, with far less research on heat-related accidental events. MethodsWe collected individual accidental death records among all residents in Chinese mainland from June to August during 2013–2019. Accidental deaths were further divided into several subtypes by different causes. We used an individual-level, time-stratified, case-crossover study design to estimate the association between daily mean temperature and accidental deaths, and estimate its variation in seven geo-climatic zones, age (5–64, 65–74, ≥75), and sex (male, female). We then estimated the temperature-related excess accidental deaths under global warming scenarios of 1.5, 2, and 3℃. FindingsA total of 711,929 accidental death records were included in our study. We found that higher temperatures were associated with increased risks of deaths from the total accidental events and four main subtypes, including traffic, falls, drowning, and unintentional injuries. We also found that younger individuals (ages 5–64) and males faced a higher risk of heat-related mortality due to total accidents, traffic incidents, and drowning. For future climate scenarios, even under the 1.5℃ climate change scenario, 6,939 (95% eCI (empirical Confidence Interval): 6,818–7,067) excess accidental deaths per year are attributed to higher summertime daily temperature over mainland China, and the number of accidental deaths would increase by 16.71% and 33.59% under the 2℃ and 3℃ climate change scenarios, respectively. For residents living in southern coastal and northwest inland regions, the projected increase in accidental death is higher. ConclusionsThis nationwide study confirms that higher summer temperatures are linked to an increased risk of accidental deaths. Younger age groups and males face a higher risk. This indicates that current estimates of the health effects of climate change might be underestimated, particularly for younger populations.

Rethinking the deployment of static chambers for CO2 flux measurement in dry desert soils

Abstract. The mechanisms underlying the soil CO2 flux (Fs) in dry desert soils are not fully understood. To better understand these processes, we must accurately estimate these small fluxes. The most commonly used method, static chambers, inherently alters the conditions that affect the flux and may introduce errors of the same order of magnitude as the flux itself. Regional and global assessments of annual soil respiration rates are based on extrapolating point measurements conducted with flux chambers. Yet, studies conducted in desert ecosystems rarely discuss potential errors associated with using static chambers in dry and bare soils. We hypothesized that a main source of error is the collar protrusion above the soil surface. During the 2021 dry season, we deployed four automated chambers on collars with different configurations in the Negev, Israel. Fs exhibited a repetitive diel cycle of nocturnal uptake and daytime efflux. CO2 uptake measured over the conventionally protruding collars was significantly lower than over the collars flushed with the soil surface. Using thermal imaging, we proved that the protruding collar walls distorted the ambient heating and cooling regime of the topsoil layer, increasing the mean surface temperatures. Higher soil temperatures during the night suppressed the flux driving forces, i.e., soil–atmosphere CO2 and temperature gradients, ultimately leading to an underestimation of up to 50 % of the actual Fs. Accordingly, the total daily CO2 uptake by the soil in the conventionally deployed collars was underestimated by 35 %. This suggests that desert soils are a larger carbon sink than previously reported and that drylands, which cover approximately 40 % of Earth's terrestrial surface, may play a significant role in the global carbon balance.

Combined effects of occupational physical activity and ambient heat on kidney function in female harvest workers in Southern Spain

Combined effects of occupational physical activity and ambient heat on kidney function in female harvest workers in Southern Spain

Ambient Temperature and Heat Index Exposures in Relation to Epigenetic Aging among Participants in Taiwan Biobank

Ambient Temperature and Heat Index Exposures in Relation to Epigenetic Aging among Participants in Taiwan Biobank

Can ambient heat reduce the health benefits of physical activity?

Can ambient heat reduce the health benefits of physical activity?

Experimental study on viscosity and isobaric heat capacity of PEG 400 enhanced with TiO2 nanoparticles

In the last years, a lot of research is committed to developing new heat transfer fluids for medium to high temperatures applications. This experimental analysis is dedicated to a less studied fluid, PEG 400 enhanced with titanium oxide nanoparticles, and started with suspensions manufacturing, morphology analysis and a strong discussion on viscosity, rheological behavior and isobaric heat capacity. Precisely, five suspensions of up to 2.5 %wt. TiO2 were analyzed through the entire experimental in terms of their behavior at ambient temperature and heating. Plus, viscosity was checked for possible hysteresis and the experimental revealed that this is almost absent for these nanocolloids, which is favorable for heat transfer applications, especially in heat exchange. The rheological tests revealed a non-Newtonian comportment for all of the samples, comportment that is more obvious when nanoparticles concentration increases. In terms of viscosity outputs, a normal fluidic behavior was noticed at heating, while the viscosity upsurges between 8 and 36 %, depending on nanoparticle concentration. Isobaric heat capacity tests demonstrated a decrease of up to 6.3 % for higher loaded nanocolloids and a relatively small variation with temperature, which is, somehow, in line with state of the art. As a conclusion, it may affirm that nanocolloids based on PEG 400 and oxides can be a good alternative for heat exchange applications.

Urban heat islands characterized by six thermal indicators

The urban heat island (UHI) effect alters local thermal environment and affects thermal comfort of urban dwellers. However, the similarities and differences of the UHI when characterized by different thermal indicators (i.e., different types of temperatures and thermal comfort indices) remain poorly understood. Taking 30 major Chinese cities as an example, here we compared the spatiotemporal patterns and drivers of the UHI intensity (UHII) represented by six different thermal indicators, i.e., Ia (UHII represented by surface air temperature), Is (land surface temperature), Id (dew-point temperature), IHD (Humidex), Imrt (mean radiant temperature), and IUTCI (Universal Thermal Climate Index). These thermal indicators encompass temperature factors that capture changes in the natural environment and thermal comfort indices that reflect the human perception of changes in ambient heat and humidity. The results show that the ranking of the annual mean UHII is similar between the day and night (i.e., Is > IUTCI > Imrt > Ia > IHD > Id). From a seasonal perspective, the daytime Is and Imrt exhibit the highest variability among all indicators, while the IUTCI demonstrates the largest difference among climate zones. Regarding the UHI drivers, most of the UHI indicators (except Id) are negatively correlated with the urban-rural difference in vegetation index during the day. At night, the UHI indicators are negatively related to the climatic variables and the urban-rural difference in albedo. Our results by using the IUTCI to assess outdoor thermal comfort across local climate zones (LCZs) show that the inter-LCZ standard deviation of the IUTCI is 1.94 °C during the day and 2.16 °C at night. We believe that these results deepen our understanding of the UHII when characterized by different thermal indicators, especially from the human perception perspective.

Graphene on SiO2/Si and Al2O3 under thermal annealing and electric current: Competition of dopant desorption and conformation to substrate

In this work, we study phonon and electronic properties of graphene on SiO2/Si and Al2O3 by simultaneous Raman and electrical measurements in the temperature range from room temperature to 550 °C, or at voltages from 20 to −20 V. The dependencies of G and 2D peak parameters and electrical resistance on temperature and voltage made it possible to observe in situ a competition between the p-type adsorbate removal from graphene surface and substrate-induced doping due to graphene-substrate conformality increase, both stimulated by either ambient or Joule heating. The analyzed parameters were dominated by the conformality increase, with the hole density increasing significantly and unidirectionally, while resistance and I-V curves fluctuated due to the competition. Having calculated Raman peak shift temperature coefficients, resistance temperature coefficients, total variations of carrier density, resistance and strain, we show that Al2O3 substrate can be used to reduce the desorption barrier, the overall doping, the impact on graphene resistance and on phonon anharmonicity – however, it should be used with regard to the possibility of introducing strain or stronger doping after longer treatments. The conformality effects should be taken into account when performing annealing, as well as graphene applications for sensors or strong electric currents.

Process and outputs from a community codesign workshop on reducing impact of heat exposure on pregnant and postpartum women and newborns in Kilifi, Kenya.

Ambient heat exposure is increasing due to climate change and is known to affect the health of pregnant and postpartum women, and their newborns. Evidence for the effectiveness of interventions to prevent heat health outcomes in east Africa is limited. Codesigning and integrating local-indigenous and conventional knowledge is essential to develop effective adaptation to climate change. Following qualitative research on heat impacts in a community in Kilifi, Kenya, we conducted a two-day codesign workshop to inform a set of interventions to reduce the impact of heat exposure on maternal and neonatal health. Participants were drawn from a diverse group of purposively selected influencers, implementers, policy makers, service providers and community members. The key domains of focus for the discussion were: behavioral practices, health facilities and health system factors, home environment, water scarcity, and education and awareness. Following the discussions and group reflections, data was transcribed, coded and emerging intervention priorities ranked based on the likelihood of success, cost effectiveness, implementation feasibility, and sustainability. Twenty one participants participated in the codesign discussions. Accessibility to water supplies, social behavior-change campaigns, and education were ranked as the top three most sustainable and effective interventions with the highest likelihood of success. Prior planning and contextualizing local set-up, cross-cultural and religious practices and budget considerations are important in increasing the chances of a successful outcome in codesign. Codesign of interventions on heat exposure with diverse groups of participants is feasible to identify and prioritize adaptation interventions. The codesign workshop was used as an opportunity to build capacity among facilitators and participants as well as to explore interventions to address the impact of heat exposure on pregnant and postpartum women, and newborns. We successfully used the codesign model in co-creating contextualized socio-culturally acceptable interventions to reduce the risk of heat on maternal and neonatal health in the context of climate change. Our interventions can be replicated in other similar areas of Africa and serve as a model for co-designing heat-health adaptation.