Aluminum Waste Research Articles

EFFECT OF FLUX APPLICATION DURING IN-SITU CASTING AS A DIRECT RECYCLING OF ALSI7MG ALUMINIUM ALLOY MACHINING CHIPS

Recycling aluminium (Al) waste by secondary smelting production saves 95% energy had encourages a new alternative recycling technique known as the in-situ casting or melting to transform waste into product directly. Therefore, aluminium (AlSi7Mg) machining chips with flux addition were heated for 30 minutes in a laboratory furnace at 650°C and 700°C. The physical of Al chips turned from sparkling silvery grey to dusty grey after being heated indicating oxidation. The machining chips had partially melted and fused together however being interrupted by thin oxide layer. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) reveal the Al and oxygen (O), while x-ray diffaction (XRD) analysis confirmed aluminium oxide (Al2O3) present in the fused Al chips.

Recycling Spent-Die Cleaning Solution Waste into Low-Density Nano-aluminum Fluoride for Sustainable Resource Management

AbstractAn alternative two-step process has been disclosed for manufacturing low-density nano-AlF3 from aluminum waste material to achieve sustainability resources preservation. The method involves utilizing spent die-cleaning solution waste as a raw-material, which is a by-product resulting from detaching the attached aluminum metal in the die cast during extrusion process. The first step involves the extraction of aluminum hydroxide (gibbsite) from spent-die cleaning solution through a carbonation process in the presence of specific carbon blocks. The second step involves the conversion of gibbsite to low-density non-gelatinous nano-AlF3 using hydrofluoric acid and ammonia solution. The adding of different volumes of hydrofluoric acid and their effect on aluminum fluoride formation was investigated. The role of polyethylene glycol to form non-gelatinous aluminum fluoride was investigated. The two-step process has been successful in achieving a great demand for cheap sources of raw materials.

Valuable aluminum alloys obtained from secondary metallized raw materials

In this work, we aim to obtain a high-alloy product of the Al-Fe-Si-Mn system from scrap and metallized waste, as well as to determine the optimal technological mode of melting for increasing the yield of finished products during complex processing of the melt. The study involved the following methods: X-ray fluorescence (XRF), spectral, X-ray structural, and differential–thermal analysis. Chromatographic and mass-spectrometric analysis of gases released during the remelting of aluminum waste was carried out to determine irrecoverable losses. Analysis data indicate that volatile compounds account for 13–15% of the total mass of aluminum lost during heating and melting of the charge. As a result of the test melts carried out with various aluminum wastes, the obtained castings were shown to correspond to some grades of high-alloy aluminum alloys (for example, 3xxx and 8xxx) mainly belonging to the Al-Fe-Si-Mn system. The metal losses during loading of the charge into the melt at various layer heights in the furnace were determined. Its rational value was established based on the best results, representing 30–40% of the mass of the loaded charge. The implementation of a comprehensive technology for refining and step-by-step processing of the melt produced samples with a yield of 86 to 88%. According to the conducted analysis of the chemical composition, the castings contain a minimal quantity of non-metallic inclusions (SiO2, CaO, Al2O3, TiO2) with an acceptable hydrogen content (0.08–1.0 cm³/100 g). A study of the structural features characterized all samples as having a complex dendritic structure with the presence of intermetallic phases of the AlFe(Si)Mn type, which have a characteristic appearance known as "Chinese script" and reach sizes from 70 to 120 µm. The structure of the castings, which is generally characterized by its homogeneity and the uniform distribution of agglomerates of nanosized intermetallic compounds in the aluminum matrix, is suitable for obtaining cast blanks and rolled products for a wide range of purposes.

Selective extraction process of scandium from nickel laterite waste through hydrometallurgy.

Scandium (Sc) extraction from iron and aluminum waste is a promising technique for the recycling and valorization of laterite nickel ore waste. Iron and aluminum waste is one source of scandium during preparation of nickel and cobalt hydroxide by wet smelting of laterite nickel ore. The content of Sc is notably higher than that of the raw materials, as the element is enriched in the iron and aluminum waste. As the main element in the waste samples, Al exhibits significant interference in the selective separation of Sc. In this work, taking the production line for laterite nickel ore wet leaching as the research object, the trend and distribution of trace Sc were systematically analyzed. A series of leaching experiments was conducted under varied conditions of leaching pH (2.6-3.5), leaching time (0.5-2.0 h), volume of evaporated concentrated solution (0.2-1.0 L), mass of waste added (200-800 g), reaction temperature (240-260 °C), reaction time (0.5-1.5 h), H2SO4 addition amount (50-300 mL L-1) and (NH4)2SO4 addition amount (150-350 kg m-3). Experimental results revealed that the optimum leaching conditions were observed at a pH value of 3.0 and a leaching duration of 1 h. The optimum condition for evaporation and concentration was at 0.35 L, while the optimum conditions for impurity removal were at a waste mass of 300 g, a reaction temperature of 255 °C and a reaction time of 1 h. Under these optimum conditions, scandium content was approximately 14.67%. The product was identified as a complex salt of Sc through XRD, which could be converted to high-purity Sc2O3 after roasting.

Enhancing selectivity of β-O-4 bond cleavage for lignin depolymerization via a sacrificial anode.

Herein, we report a novel electrochemical hydrogenolysis method for β-O-4 bond cleavage by using carbon foam as the cathode and waste aluminum as the anode. The reaction takes place at the cathode, producing ketones and phenolic compounds. Employing waste aluminum as the anode could avoid anodic excessive oxidation of phenols.

Heavy metals in soil contaminated with aluminum black dross waste in Jombang Regency, East Java

Aluminum waste recycling activities in Sumobito District, Jombang Regency, produce aluminum black dross that is classified as hazardous waste. Aluminum black dross dumped into the environment will become a potential hazard to human health and environmental quality. This study aimed to determine the soil condition at aluminum black dross landfills in Sumobito District. Soil quality was determined by comparing the concentration of heavy metals in the samples with the total concentration (TC) of heavy metal pollutants regulated by the Government Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia No. 22 of 2021. Soil samples were analyzed using X-ray fluorescence (XRF). The analysis of four landfill samples showed that all samples should be managed as hazardous waste. The analysis of soil samples carried out around the landfill area shows that three samples are managed as non-hazardous waste, and one soil sample must be managed as hazardous waste. This indicates that heavy metal infiltration of aluminum black dross from the landfill area into the soil area has occurred.

Aluminum dissolution processing for high-level waste sludges

ABSTRACT Treatment of tank waste at the Hanford Nuclear Reservation in Washington State is one of the largest environmental challenges facing the world today. Processing the actinide rich insoluble solids poses one of the greatest obstacles to achieving long-term stabilization of the tank waste. By volume, the largest insoluble component of sludge is aluminum much of which is in the Southeast quadrant and resulted from de-cladding waste from the PUREX process. The largest single component within these tanks is Gibbsite, Al(OH)3, which poses significant challenges for processing due to the fast-settling times and high solids loading associated with this material. This work describes the testing executed to enable effective and efficient processing of high aluminum waste streams. This work highlights changes in the physical properties of waste streams with high aluminum concentrations, resulting in slower settling rates and lower solids loadings. These changes were accomplished using low temperature (40 °C) aluminum dissolution for simulated tank sludge.

Prospects for the use of aluminum waste in the production of aerated concrete

Prospects for the use of aluminum waste in the production of aerated concrete

Innovation of Aluminum Waste Fuel Stove

Innovation of Aluminum Waste Fuel Stove

SYNTHESIS KALIUM ALUMUNIUM SULPHATE (ALUM) FROM ALUMUNIUM FOIL WASTE USING KOH AND H2SO4

The increase in the culinary industry certainly must be balanced with the packaging waste generated. The waste from aluminum foil is one of the wastes produced. Over 8 tons of aluminum foil waste are generated each month in East Java. Waste that has been piled up is only given to third parties. It takes about 400 years for aluminum foil to breakdown and decompose in the soil. Aluminum foil waste can generate environmental pollution. As waste pollution increases, alternatives are needed to convert waste into useful materials. Aluminum foil can be utilized as a raw material for the production of potassium aluminum sulfate due to its high aluminum content. The objective of this study is to utilize aluminum waste into potassium aluminum sulfate. The concentrations of KOH and H2SO4 are the two variables combined. In this study, the yield value, pH analysis, melting point, and Al2O3 content of alum will be determined. The results showed that 2 M KOH and 4.5 M H2SO4 had the highest yield of 88.3580, pH 3,08; melting point 92 °C; and Al2O3 concentration 15,5%. Potassium aluminum sulfate performed physical analysis, including analyses of pH, melting point, and Al2O3 concentration. Alum has a pH of about 3, and its melting point is between 92 and 93 °C, while the Al2O3 content ranges between 9 and 11%. Kalium alumnium sulfate meets the SNI 0032:2011 standards for physical pH and melting point analysis. However, the Al2O3 content does not meet to SNI 0032:2011.

Evaluate the Advanced Machining on Metal Matrix Composite Manufactured Via Adding Nano-Aluminum Oxide on Recycled Aluminum Waste

A waste of electrical power cables becomes a major problem at the present time, so they must be disposed in order to preserve the environment, and to obtain a raw material for the industry with low cost. In this work, recycled materials is prepared by heating up the aluminum wires up to 650°C for melting to prepare the aluminum alloy as a matrix. Then, the matrix reinforced by the nanoparticles (30 nm) of aluminum oxide (Al2O3) to prepare the composite using the stir casting technique. The electrical discharge machining (EDM) as advanced machining, is used to evaluate the materials behavior through the operation. Taguchi method is used to design and determine the suitable input and output factors. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) and hardness are tested before and after machining. The results appeared that improving in microstructure, also the hardness of the composite improved (37.2% and 22.6%) before and after machining.

Influence of Aluminium Waste Chips Content from the Machining Technology in the Batch on the Final Properties of the AlSi7Mg0.3 Alloy Casts

Influence of Aluminium Waste Chips Content from the Machining Technology in the Batch on the Final Properties of the AlSi7Mg0.3 Alloy Casts

Analysis of the load structure in the processing of aluminum alloys for automotive rims

Abstract The most commonly used aluminum alloys for manufacturing rims are the deformable alloys 6082 and 6061, as well as the casting alloy AlSi11. The increasing demand for such materials has led to intensified research and development activities in the field of high-strength and high-ductility aluminum alloys. Aluminum alloy rims must meet certain critical safety requirements and adhere to high standards of design, technical conditions, and processing. This paper presents the research conducted and the results obtained regarding the load structure in the processing of 6082 aluminum alloys intended for rim manufacturing. The load consists of aluminum waste and primary aluminum in various proportions depending on the alloying elements added to the metal bath of the waste used in the recipes.

Study of lithium extraction and fluoride removal from waste aluminum electrolyte by the roasting-leaching method

Study of lithium extraction and fluoride removal from waste aluminum electrolyte by the roasting-leaching method

Controlled and Safe Hydrogen Generation from Waste Aluminum and Water, a New Approach to Hydrogen Generation.

A new method is proposed to generate hydrogen in situ at low pressure from powder-pressed recycled aluminum turnings activated with small amounts of NaOH and drops of water. The contribution of this system is that the user can obtain small flows of high-purity hydrogen (>99%) to charge their portable electronic devices in remote places, in a simple, controlled, and safe way, since only water is used. Test tubes that contain tiny amounts of NaOH on their surface can be transported and used without contact. In addition to being a safer system, a smaller amount of NaOH and water is needed compared to other systems, there is no need to preheat the water, and the system can even generate heat. As the feeding is drop by drop, the hydrogen flow can be easily controlled by manual or automatic dosing. The waste obtained is solid and contains mostly aluminum hydroxide with some NaOH and impurities from the waste of origin, which are easy to sell and recycle. A study has been carried out to optimize the type of test tubes and establish critical parameters. The results show that a constant and controllable flow rate of hydrogen can be obtained depending on the drip frequency where the chemical reaction predominates over diffusion, that the optimal amount of NaOH is 20 wt%, that a finer grain size can increase the H2 yield with respect to the stoichiometric value but reduces the instantaneous flow with respect to that obtained with larger grains, and that it is very important to control the density and the impurities to increase porosity and therefore water diffusion. The estimated cost of the hydrogen produced is 3.15 EUR/kgH2 and an energy density of 1.12 kWh/kg was achieved with a test tube of 92% aluminum purity and 20 wt% NaOH.

Environmentally friendly recycling of energy storage functional materials from hazardous waste lithium-containing aluminum electrolytes

Environmentally friendly recycling of energy storage functional materials from hazardous waste lithium-containing aluminum electrolytes

Synthesis of Aluminum Oxide Nanoparticle Adsorbents from Waste Aluminum Foil and Assesses Their Efficiency in Removing Lead (II) Ions from Water

Synthesis of Aluminum Oxide Nanoparticle Adsorbents from Waste Aluminum Foil and Assesses Their Efficiency in Removing Lead (II) Ions from Water

Investigation of various process attributes in an ingotless rolling-extrusion process imposed on waste aluminum alloy rods

Investigation of various process attributes in an ingotless rolling-extrusion process imposed on waste aluminum alloy rods

Uniaxial compressive response of cement mortar with waste aluminium fibre sourced from electrical distribution cables

Uniaxial compressive response of cement mortar with waste aluminium fibre sourced from electrical distribution cables

Experimental study on the use of aluminum waste as a heat energy storage medium in laboratory-scale drying equipment

One of the best ways to reduce food loss during harvest is drying. The main challenge in the drying process is reducing energy consumption as a heat source in drying equipment. Integrating thermal energy storage (TES) into drying equipment has proven to be an effective way to enhance energy efficiency in the drying process. This research aims to explore the potential of TES material in the form of aluminium chips sourced from machining waste and integrated into a drying device. The thermal characteristics of the drying system without and with the addition of TES are compared and evaluated under two testing conditions, namely charging and discharging. The results show that the integration of TES in the drying system can reduce the percentage of temperature drop in the drying chamber due to the charging-discharging process by 58.57%, with the average percentage of temperature drop in the drying chamber without and with the addition of TES being 25.56% and 10.59%, respectively. Overall, aluminium chips obtained from machining waste can be used as an alternative TES material that is environmentally friendly, inexpensive, and readily available.