Alternate Placement Research Articles

Optimal Classification Model for Text Detection and Recognition in Video Frames

Currently, the identification of text from video frames and normal scene images has got amplified awareness amongst analysts owing to its diverse challenges and complexities. Owing to a lower resolution, composite backdrop, blurring effect, color, diverse fonts, alternate textual placement among panels of photos and videos, etc., text identification is becoming complicated. This paper suggests a novel method for identifying texts from video with five stages. Initially, “video-to-frame conversion”, is done during pre-processing. Further, text region verification is performed and keyframes are recognized using CNN. Then, improved candidate text block extraction is carried out using MSER. Subsequently, “DCT features, improved distance map features, and constant gradient-based features” are extracted. These characteristics subsequently provided “Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM)” for detection. Finally, OCR is done to recognize the texts in the image. Particularly, the Self-Improved Bald Eagle Search (SI-BESO) algorithm is used to adjust the LSTM weights. Finally, the superiority of the SI-BESO-based technique over many other techniques is demonstrated.

Approach to reduce the communication cost when partitioning a big graph

While several graph mining systems have been developed to run different graph mining algorithms on such large networks, they have difficulty processing Web-scale graphs owing to the significant communication and I/O expenses incurred when workers connect with one another and frequently read subgraphs. In this study, we provide a cost-effective, scalable, distributed method for mining real-world graphs by exploiting graph properties. Our technique drastically decreases the communication cost, the main bottleneck of distributed systems, by using alternate edge placement criteria depending on the types of vertices.

View-synthesized ‘re-calibration’ of an array projector for 3D measurement from an arbitrary monocular view

We previously presented a method on how to calibrate a high-speed Multi-Aperture Array Projector (MAAP) in order to obtain three-dimensional (3D) surface measurements using only a single camera instead of a stereo-camera configuration. The MAAP calibration procedure however can be time-consuming as it requires the camera to encode each aperture's illumination frustum by imaging the pattern incident on a depth-wise scanned test plane. This is as if recording discretized depth slices of the illumination frustums. This can be detrimental as the calibration is coupled to a single specific camera view. It would be laborious and time-consuming to repeat the entire MAAP calibration process for an alternate camera view. This study demonstrates a so-called MAAP ‘re-calibration’ solution that artificially synthesizes MAAP calibration images from an arbitrary camera view without direct imaging. This presents the opportunity to decouple the MAAP calibration from a single camera view and obtain 3D measurements from alternate camera placement setups without having to perform the entire MAAP calibration process again. This study shows that the synthesized MAAP calibration images resemble well the ground truth images. As a result, the proposed method has similar 3D measurement performance compared to when calibrating the MAAP with true images.

An Energy-Aware Host Resource Management Framework for Two-Tier Virtualized Cloud Data Centers

The high energy consumption of cloud data centers is one of the key issues restricting the future development of the cloud computing industry. For two-tier virtualized data centers in which containers are deployed on VMs, this paper conducts an in-depth study of this problem from the aspect of resource management. First, the working model of two-tier virtualized data center is defined. By mapping tasks to containers and using VMs to isolate different jobs, this model improves the resource utilization of hosts while ensuring the isolation and security of jobs. Then, an energy-aware host resource management framework is constructed, which includes two algorithms. The initial static placement is a two-tier scheduling algorithm, including the load balancing alternate placement and the two-sided matching methods to complete the placement of containers to VMs and VMs to hosts respectively. The runtime dynamic consolidation algorithm takes the initial placement scheme as input, and utilizes the dynamic consolidation method to use the least active hosts to meet the real-time resource requirements of containers. Finally, simulation experiments compared with related algorithms are conducted using real workload traces. The results show that the proposed two algorithms have better performance in host resource utilization, number of active hosts, number of container migrations and SLA metric. And the entire framework achieves an energy-saving effect of 13.8% at least.

SRPRISM (Single Read Paired Read Indel Substitution Minimizer): an efficient aligner for assemblies with explicit guarantees.

Alignment of sequence reads generated by next-generation sequencing is an integral part of most pipelines analyzing next-generation sequencing data. A number of tools designed to quickly align a large volume of sequences are already available. However, most existing tools lack explicit guarantees about their output. They also do not support searching genome assemblies, such as the human genome assembly GRCh38, that include primary and alternate sequences and placement information for alternate sequences to primary sequences in the assembly. This paper describes SRPRISM (Single Read Paired Read Indel Substitution Minimizer), an alignment tool for aligning reads without splices. SRPRISM has features not available in most tools, such as (i) support for searching genome assemblies with alternate sequences, (ii) partial alignment of reads with a specified region of reads to be included in the alignment, (iii) choice of ranking schemes for alignments, and (iv) explicit criteria for search sensitivity. We compare the performance of SRPRISM to GEM, Kart, STAR, BWA-MEM, Bowtie2, Hobbes, and Yara using benchmark sets for paired and single reads of lengths 100 and 250bp generated using DWGSIM. SRPRISM found the best results for most benchmark sets with error rate of up to ∼2.5% and GEM performed best for higher error rates. SRPRISM was also more sensitive than other tools even when sensitivity was reduced to improve run time performance. We present SRPRISM as a flexible read mapping tool that provides explicit guarantees on results.

Posterior Arch Screw for Type II Odontoid Fracture: An Alternative Procedure

Atlantoaxial fusion procedures may be difficult in situations such as high-riding vertebral artery, a narrow C2 pedicle, and the presence of ponticulus posticus-arcuate foramen. With respect to vertebral artery (VA) anomalies, persistent first intersegmental artery, extracranial origin of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery at the C1-C2 level, and fenestration of the VA are all major risk factors for VA injury in C1-C2 fusion surgeries. To safeguard the VA, we designed the unilateral fusion procedure (all screws lie in the ipsilateral side, either the right side or left side): a unilateral transarticular screw combined with an ipsilateral-side C1 posterior arch screw and a C2 laminar screw (LS), with both C1-C2 screws inserted from opposite side, although the trajectory will be on the same side. In addition to atlantoaxial stabilization with screws and rod, autograft bony fusion was performed on the same side as modified Brook's procedure and augmented with sublaminar tapping. We present a series of 3 cases operated for odontoid fracture with associated high risk for fusion on one side alone. The fact that the chance of VA injury is high in transarticular screw, in lateral mass screw, less in pars screw, and pedicle screw is well known. Alternate screw placement to avoid VA injury would be a posterior arch screw for C1 and laminar screw for C2, which was adopted in our technique. We combined a unilateral transarticular screw and modified Brook's procedure with sublaminar tapping for additional augmentation of fusion. We would like to highlight this C1 posterior arch screw as an alternative procedure for atlantoaxial fusion.

Examining Consumer Purchase Behaviors and Attitudes toward Condom and Pharmacy Vending Machines in Italy: A Qualitative Study

Unplanned births in Italy have significantly declined over the past 30 years, distinguishing Italy from other Western countries. Italy's success may be attributed to condom vending machines (CVMs), which contribute to minimizing embarrassment in contraceptive purchases. This study examined consumer perceptions toward CVMs and their impact on condom purchasing attitudes and behaviors among Italian women. Semi‐structured interviews were conducted among participants living in Florence, Italy, a popular region for these machines. Grounded theory and a constant comparative method were used for qualitative theme development. Data suggest participants feel positively toward machines, considering them a convenient purchase outlet. Participants noted barriers and facilitators to machine use, offering improvement opportunities for consumer behavior researchers, marketers, and machine retailers (i.e., alternate CVM placement, diversified product offerings, product quality guarantees), potentially contributing to their efficacy as viable condom purchasing alternatives. Findings expand consumer behavior and embarrassment literature and offer insight for future CVM implementation.

Application of Ice for Postoperative Total Knee Incisions - Does this Make Sense? A Pilot Evaluation of Blood Flow Using Fluorescence Angiography.

IntroductionTotal knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a common procedure with significant advances over the past several years, many pertaining to improved perioperative pain control. Cryotherapy is one method thought to decrease swelling and pain postoperatively. To our knowledge no study has directly visualized the effect cryotherapy has on skin blood flow following TKA. The primary aim was to determine if cryotherapy (icing) affects peri-incisional skin blood flow and if this is lessened with an alternate placement of the ice. We hypothesized that blood flow would decrease following cryotherapy, and this decrease would be greater with ice placed directly over the incision as compared to placement along the posterior knee.MethodsThis study included 10 patients who underwent TKA. During the postoperative hospitalization, they were given an injection of indocyanine green dye. A baseline image was recorded of the skin blood flow. Images were then collected following a five-minute interval placement of ice over the incision. The experiment was then repeated with the ice placed along the posterior knee. ResultsThere was an approximate 40% decrease in skin blood flow following placement of the ice compared to baseline. We observed a greater decrease in blood flow when ice was placed over the incision as compared to when ice was placed posterior to the knee (p ≤ 0.020).ConclusionWe found a significant decrease in peri-incisional blood flow with icing of the knee. Physicians should be cognizant of this when recommending cryotherapy to patients after surgery, especially in at-risk wounds.

Resource Allocation and Basestation Placement in Cellular Networks With Wireless Powered UAVs

In this correspondence, we focus on a UAV-assisted downlink cellular network, where a UAV serves as an aerial basestation (BS) and is powered by a wireless charging station located on the ground, and jointly optimize resource allocation and BS placement to maximize the common throughput for two resource sharing schemes: time division multiple access (TDMA) and frequency division multiple access (FDMA). Through alternate optimization, resource allocation and BS placement are separately optimized to iteratively improve the common throughput. For resource allocation, we derive the closed-form solutions for both TDMA and FDMA. For BS placement, we resort to successive convex optimization that iteratively maximizes a lower bound. Results show that with the proposed optimal resource allocation and BS placement, resource can be fully utilized and the aerial BS's location can be properly adjusted such that it significantly outperforms a baseline strategy, by which resource is equally shared among ground users. Moreover, it is also observed that the FDMA scheme outperforms the TDMA scheme due to longer effective transmission duration.

Оцінка колекції люпину білого (Lupinus albus L.) за кольором квіток і виділення зразків-еталонів за його різновидностями

Оцінка колекції люпину білого (Lupinus albus L.) за кольором квіток і виділення зразків-еталонів за його різновидностями

Addressing the Barriers to Bioimpedance Spectroscopy Use in Major Burns: Alternate Electrode Placement.

Bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS) is a method used to assess body composition and fluid distribution. As a technology for measurement of fluid shifts during acute burn resuscitation, there are potential barriers to its use due to the location of wounds. This study aimed to determine whether alternate electrode positions were a suitable alternative compared to standardized (manufacturer) positions in moderate to large size burns for the measurement of BIS resistance and fluid changes. BIS measurements were collected in standard and alternate electrode placements and in an open wound and Acticoat™ dressing condition. A percentage difference greater than 5% between each standard and alternate placement BIS measurements was deemed clinically significant. Chi-square tests determined there were no significant differences (P = .097-.96) between the standard and alternate electrode placements for whole body and limb segment BIS in both dressing conditions. Only whole body BIS resistance variables and extracellular fluid volumes were interchangeable in both dressing conditions and upper limb segmental measures were interchangeable in an open wound only. The differences between measurements of other BIS variables across the conditions were not acceptable or deemed not clinically acceptable without adjustment. The results showed that for moderate to large burn injuries clinicians can use whole body and upper limb segmental BIS variables to monitor changes in fluid shifts with alternate electrode placements where wounds preclude standardized placement within specified dressing conditions.

Rigid Core Anthracene and Anthraquinone Linked Nitronyl and Iminoyl Nitroxide Biradicals

The first syntheses of bis(nitronyl nitroxide) and bis(iminoyl nitroxide) (diNN, diIN) biradicals linked through rigid acene core conjugating anthracene (A) and anthraquinone (AQ) units are reported. Computational modeling predicts weak intramolecular exchange in AQ-linked systems, but A-linked biradicals to have ground state multiplicities consistent with the Borden-Davidson disjointness model. Solution electron spin resonance spectra showed inter-radical exchange-coupled triplet states, except for 2,6-AQ biradicals showing isolated spin spectra. Crystallography of the A-linked biradicals shows a key role for inter-radical contacts for molecular packing. DiINs showed lower-dimensional dyad packing with disorder at the radical units: the conformationally more symmetrical diNNs gave staircase one-dimensional or brickwork two-dimensional lattices. Core anthracene unit stacking was only seen in two systems with bromine on the central anthracene ring: the (large) bromine occupies alternate side placement in d...

Alternate electrode placement for whole body and segmental bioimpedance spectroscopy

Bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS) is frequently used to monitor body fluid and body composition in healthy and clinical populations. BIS guidelines state that there should be no skin lesions at the site of electrodes, and if lesions are present, electrode positions should be changed. However, alternate electrode positions are yet to be reported. This study aimed to determine if ventral electrode placements were suitable alternatives for whole body and segmental BIS measurements. Three alternate electrode placements were assessed for whole body BIS using a combination of ventral hand and foot electrode placements. An alternate position was assessed for upper and lower body segmental BIS. The results demonstrated that for whole body BIS, if drive and sense electrodes on the hand are moved to ventral positions, but foot electrodes remain in standard positions, then whole body BIS variables were comparable to standard electrode positioning (percentage difference range = 0.01 to 1.65%, p = 0.211–0.937). The alternate electrode placement for upper limb segmental BIS, results in BIS variables that are comparable to that of the standard positioning (percentage difference range = 0.24–3.51%, p = 0.393–0.604). The alternate lower limb electrode position significantly altered all resistance and predicted BIS variables for whole body and lower limb segmental BIS (percentage difference range = 1.06–12.09%, p < 0.001). If wounds are present on the hands and/or wrist, then the alternate electrode position described in this study is valid, for whole body and upper limb segmental BIS.

Long-term outcomes of anterior chamber intraocular lens placement in a pediatric cohort

The use of intraocular lenses (IOL) in the pediatric population is an evolving paradigm. A posterior chamber location remains the preferable lens position; however, in cases without sufficient capsular support, use of alternate placement, including anterior chamber IOL (ACIOL), is necessary. We report long-term outcomes of ACIOL placement in a pediatric cohort at one institution.

Is alternate placement of entropy electrodes really valid?

Is alternate placement of entropy electrodes really valid?

Preparing for the Rise in Alzheimers Disease Cases: A Proposal for Training Support Personnel

As the baby-boomer generation continues to age, the number of Alzheimer’s disease cases is expected to double in the next decade. The functional disability and need for clinical management associated with this trend will outstrip our current workforce. Making the correct diagnosis and prescribing cognitive enhancing drugs is relatively easy compared to the time and effort required to educate and support caregivers and help them cope with the complications of neurocognitive disorders such as depression, psychosis, agitation, and growing dependency for basic function [1]. Ninety five percent of these patients will be managed in home settings that will require time and effort from family members who are traditionally women that manage their own family with children as well as their aging parents, many of whom also work themselves to make ends meet financially. Social service agencies will therefore figure large in this equation to provide day care and in-home help. The traditional roles that social workers offer with aging adults (such as evaluating environment and functioning, assessing psychosocial support needs and how to fill them, exploring in-home assistance or alternate housing or placement options, as well as providing direct psychotherapy) are now needed more than ever [2]. Social workers are typically found playing these roles in hospitals, on inpatient psychiatry units, in multi-disciplinary geriatric care clinics, nursing homes and community-based social agencies that cater to the needs of elders.

A model for selecting alternate foot placement during human locomotion.

selection of alternate foot placement is based on visual inputs and the prediction of future foot placement combined with a set of internal rules that are guided by three determinants: minimum foot displacement, stability, and maintenance of forward progression. These three determinants are weighted differently, depending on different constraints. The first purpose of this review is to define and provide evidence to support this model. Alternate foot placement response latency appears to vary according to methodological and/or task constraints. The paradigms and latency measurement methods that are used to investigate alternate foot placement may have important implications for alternate foot placement control. Very short latencies to initiate alternate foot placement can be observed when walking on a treadmill, and longer latencies can be observed when walking on the ground. The second purpose of this review is to discuss differences in the latency to initiate alternate foot placement. The data reviewed herein indicate that looking at multiple parameters is important when studying movement selection and planning during human locomotion. Different latencies to select and implement alternate foot placement are part of a continuum that ranges from the most to the least automatic response.

The 10th Generation 16-Core SPARC64™ Processor for Mission Critical UNIX Server

A 10th generation SPARC64 processor, fabricated in enhanced 28 nm CMOS, runs at 3.0 GHz and contains 16 cores with 24 MB shared L2 cache and system/DDR3/PCIe interfaces in 588 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> die area. Using H-tree clock distribution network with shield wires, the average clock skew is minimized to 20 ps. Two-step read structure of GPR enables out-of-order execution across register windows. A large SMP system of up to 64 CPUs with ccNUMA uses a newly developed 14.5 GB/s SerDes. Column separation, alternate placement of master and slave latches and well slits are used to mitigate soft errors especially for multi-bit upsets. SER reduction is observed by neutron irradiation experiments.

Comparison Of Alternate Protocols For Placing A Sixth Generation Dental Bonding Agent

Background: Dental bonding agent (DBA) manufacturers continue to make their products more attractive to practitioners by simplifying their product placement protocol. The purpose of this study was to compare shear bond strength (SBS) of alternate protocols of a sixth generation DBA Methods: 140 caries free human molars were placed in 7 groups (n=20). Groups Part 1 A-C: manufacturers' recommended protocol and two alternate adhesive layer application techniques. Groups Part 2 A-D: manufacturers' recommended protocol and two alternate primer layer application techniques and manufacturer's total etch protocol. Deep dentin surfaces were exposed, polished, DBA's and universal nanohybrid composite placed. After48hours, SBS was tested with universal testing machine. Samples of each group were prepared and imaged for descriptive assessment with CLSM. Results: One-way ANOVA showed significant difference between groups In Part 1. (P < .001) Post hoc tests showed group A had significantly higher SBS than both adhesive alternative groups B and C. In Part 2.One-way ANOVA showed no significant difference (P=.067) between groups. Post hoc tests showed groups A-Cwith significantly higher SBS than group D but not among themselves. Conclusions: The alternate primer placement protocols for the sixth generation DBA tested compared favorably with the manufacturers recommended protocol when comparing SBS. 1.5. Practical Implications: There may be some flexibility in placement of the sixth generation DBA Primer tested without significantly affecting its performance; however, the adhesive layer application should not be altered from manufacturer's recommendation.

A revision of theDombeya rigidacomplex (Malvaceae)

A revision of Dombeya subsect. Rigidae, which comprises two Malagasy species (D. linearifolia and D. rigida), is presented. The classification of these species within Dombeya is preferred to an alternate placement within Helmiopsis. Three subspecies of D. rigida are recognized: subsp. parvifolia, characterized by small leaves, is newly described, and subsp. guazumifolia is newly recognized at that rank. Arènes' two subspecies of D. linearifolia are synonymized, and a new subsp. muricata, characterized by fruit similar to that of D. rigida, is described. Both species display considerable variation in leaf and fruit morphology in the north, but variation is discontinuous, indicating that the species are usually reproductively isolated.