The synthesis of statistical copolymers of alpha-methylstyrene (AMS) and 1,3-pentadiene (PD) isomers in the presence of 2,2-di(2-tetrahydrofuryl)propane (DTHFP) by living carbanionic polymerization was investigated in this paper. To the best of our knowledge, either AMS or PD monomer was rather difficult to homopolymerize in non-polar solvents without the help of polar additives even at high temperature due to its low ceiling temperature or relatively high electron cloud density of the conjugated CC double bond. However, the combination of RLi initiator and DTHFP regulator (0.1<DTHFP/Li < 0.5) allowed the rapid synthesis of the well-defined poly(AMS-stat-PD) with controlled molar masses (up to 32.5 kDa) and relatively narrow molecular weight distributions (1.10 < ĐMs < 1.52). Calculation of reactivity ratios by the Kelen–Tüdos method suggested that AMS copolymerized much more readily to with (Z)-1,3-pentadiene (ZP) than with (E)-1,3-pentadiene (EP) under the same conditions, whereas the EP/AMS copolymer exhibited much lower dispersity. 1H NMR results indicated that the polymer chain was found to be a mixture of 1,2-addition and 1,4-addition units, in the absence of 3,4-units. Kinetic experiments also showed that the apparent activation energy of EP/AMS copolymerization was slightly higher than that of the ZP/AMS case. To ensure complete conversion of the monomer, the feed ratio of AMS (fAMS) must be controlled to be within 0.3. In addition, the incorporation rate of AMS into the polymer chain increased with the increase in the feed ratio of AMS monomer. DSC curves showed that the Tg of the resulting copolymers increased gradually and could reach up to 25 °C (FAMS = 47). Based on the observation of the anionic statistical copolymerization behavior, an interpretation of the formation mechanism is presented here.
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