Alloys In Artificial Saliva Research Articles

Corrosion behavior of an ultrafine-grained Ti6Al4V-5Cu alloy in artificial saliva containing fluoride ions

Ti6Al4V alloy has been widely used in dental applications, such as orthodontic mini-implants. However, it has been reported that fluoride ions could obviously accelerate the corrosion of implant materials and affect their performance. This work aimed to improve the F− erosion resistance of Ti6Al4V alloy through the strategy of both Cu addition and grain refinement. As contrasted with Ti6Al4V alloy, both the coarse- and ultrafine-grained Ti6Al4V-5Cu alloys effectively mitigated the acceleration of the fluoride ions to the anode process, because Cu substituents blocked the continuous damage of FO· doped in the passive film. Furthermore, grain refinement enhanced the protective ability of the passive film, more oxides and less adsorption amount of fluorides presented in the passive film of ultrafine-grained Ti6Al4V-5Cu alloy than those of coarse-grained Ti6Al4V-5Cu alloy. Under the combination of Cu alloying and grain refinement, the ultrafine-grained Ti6Al4V-5Cu alloy is greatly appropriate for the fabrication of orthodontic devices.

Effect of Tobacco Smoking on the Corrosion Behavior of Three Dental Alloys in Artificial Saliva

This work involves study the effect of tobacco smoking (cigarette, water-pipe smoking) yields on the corrosion of dental alloys (Co-Cr-Mo, Ni-Cr and T i-Al-V alloy) in artificial saliva with pH=4 and temperature of 37oC. This study was performed with electrochemical technique by using potentiostat to predict the potentiodynamic polarization and cyclic polarization. Some corrosion parameters were measured for comparison among the dental alloys. Generally, the presence of tobacco smoking yields shift the corrosion rate (CR) to higher values, and the data of corrosion rate indicate that the risk of waterpipe smoking more than cigarette smoking for three dental alloys. Increasing of anodic Tafel slopes inferred that the rate of change of current with change of potential was smaller during cathodic polarization than during anodic polarization.

Effect of fluoride ion concentration on the corrosion behaviour of WE43 alloy in artificial saliva for dental applications

The corrosion behaviour of WE43 alloy in artificial saliva containing different fluoride ion concentrations were investigated in association with microstructural evolution. The WE43 alloy with an average grain size of 10–30 µm was mainly composed of α-Mg matrix and some RE-containing precipitates. The results of electrochemical corrosion and immersion corrosion tests indicated that the corrosion behaviour of WE43 alloy was continuously deteriorated with increasing F- concentration. This deterioration was attributed to the undesirable alterations in thickness, surface morphology and phase constitution of the corrosion products layer with the presence of F-, which damaged its corrosion protection effect in some degree.

Electrochemical corrosion behavior and in vitro biocompatibility of Ti-Nb-Sn alloy for dental applications

Ti-Nb-Sn alloy was prepared by mechanical alloying and mold sintering process, and the effects of Nb on the microstructure, corrosion behavior and in vitro biocompatibility were investigated. With the increased Nb content, the microstructure was transformed from Widmannstatten to needle-like structure. Moreover, the stable passivation films of TiO2, Nb2O5 and SnO2 were formed on the surface of the alloy in artificial saliva, and the surface wettability was changed from hydrophilic to hydrophobic, which made the corrosion resistance of the alloy was intensified. The increase of Nb content can promote adhesion and proliferation of mouse osteoblasts, and accordingly improve cell vitality.

Electrochemical performance of heat-treated beta titanium alloy in artificial saliva: Key role of grain size

The corrosion response of heat-treated Beta C titanium alloy in three distinct electrolytes at different temperatures was examined. All the recrystallized specimens with the random orientation of the grains showed similar corrosion behavior in fluoride-free electrolytes, whereas, in the case of fluoridated saliva a state transition occurred. Larger grain-sized specimens (900 ⁰C treated) with lower in-grain misorientation ensured higher corrosion resistance. XPS investigation confirmed that stable TiO2 passive film played a key role in preventing corrosion. Optimum combination of grain size and grain boundary energy developed for 900 ⁰C specimens is appropriate for usage in fluoride-treated dental works.

People Clipped with Orthodontic Wire made of Ni-Cr Alloy should Avoid Taking Copper Barrel Hard Drink Orally

Copper barrel brandy can be taken orally with dilution using bisleri water or soda water and without dilution. People clipped with orthodontic wires may take copper barrel brandy orally, with dilution of without dilution. How far the orthodontic wires will be affected by these items? To find an answer the present research work is undertaken. Ni-Cr alloys have good corrosion resistance. This is attained by arrangement of protective oxide film in oral environment. Corrosion resistance of orthodontic wires prepared from Ni-Cr alloy in artificial saliva in existence & nonexistence of copper barrel, water and soda water has been estimated by polarization technique. It is generally noted that corrosion resistance of Ni-Cr alloy in synthetic saliva in existence of copper barrel, water and soda water decreases. When orthodontic wire made of Ni-Cr is engrossed in simulated saliva, the linear polarization resistance (LPR) value is 792355 Ohmcm.2 When it is submerged in copper barrel + artificial saliva (AS) system, linear polarization resistance (LPR) value decreases to 334516 Ohmcm.2 Corrosion current increases from 5.448 x 10-8 A/cm2 to 14.47 x 10-8 When it is engrossed in soda water + artificial saliva (AS) system, LPR value decreases to 245052

Corrosion and passive film characteristics of 3D-printed NiTi shape memory alloys in artificial saliva

Electrochemical tests and surface analysis were applied to study the corrosion behavior and passive film characteristics of three-dimensional-printed NiTi shape memory alloys fabricated by laser-powder bed fusion (L-PBF) in artificial saliva at 37 °C. The passivity of L-PBF NiTi shows to be influenced by the process parameters and resulting morphological and physicochemical surface properties. The results show that the defects at the surface of L-PBF NiTi can promote the passivation rate in the early stages of exposure but a slowly formed passive film shows the best corrosion protection. The thickness of the passive film is positively correlated with its corrosion protective performance. The L-PBF NiTi alloy prepared at a linear energy density of 0.2 J·m−1 and volumetric energy density of 56 J·mm−3 shows the least defects and best corrosion protection. An outer Ti-rich and inner Ni-rich dense passive film could be also obtained showing higher corrosion resistance.Graphic

Corrosion resistance of orthodontic wire made of Gold 18K alloy in artificial saliva in the presence of Éclairs milky candy

Corrosion resistance of orthodontic wire made of Gold 18K alloy in artificial saliva in the presence of Éclairs milky candy

Corrosion behavior of laser powder bed fusion manufactured Cu-bearing titanium alloy in artificial saliva

This study examined the corrosion behavior of Cu-bearing titanium alloy, Ti-xCu (x = 0,2,5,8 wt%) manufactured through laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) in artificial saliva. The results demonstrated that the Ti-8Cu alloy exhibited exceptional corrosion resistance, attributed to the formation of a protective passivation film facilitated by the copper (Cu) addition. The incorporation of Cu effectively anchored the grain boundaries and resulted in grain refinement, contributing to the enhanced corrosion resistance of the alloy. The Ti-xCu alloy with higher Cu content exhibited higher concentration of finer grains and greater density of dislocations, thereby promoting the formation of more compact passive film and leading to an enhanced corrosion resistance.

Corrosion mitigation on orthodontic wire made of SS 18/8 alloy using esomeprazole tablet (Esiloc-40 mg) in artificial saliva

The corrosion inhibition of orthodontic wire made of SS 18/8 alloy in artificial saliva, with and without the presence of tablet esomeprazole − 40 mg has been investigated by electrochemical analysis. Polarisation study indicates that in the presence of the mentioned tablet, polarisation resistance (Rp) value increases and corrosion current (Icorr) decreases. That is, the corrosion resistance of SS 18/8 alloy in artificial saliva increases. AC impedance spectroscopy reveals that charge transfer resistance value (Rct) value increases and double layer capacitance value (Cdl) decreases. The open circuit potential (OCP) values for the inhibited system are more negative than that of the uninhibited blank system. The vibration peaks obtained from the FTIR spectra indicates the presence of functional group in esomeprazole pill and these characteristic peaks are slightly shifted in the analyzed scratched film from the surface of the orthodontic wire after immersion. AFM micrograph image of the polished specimen sample immersed in artificial saliva (AS) with esomeprazole tablet solution shows lesser degree of surface deterioration than those for SS 18/8 specimen immersed only in artificial saliva. From the present work, it is reported that people clipped with orthodontic wire made of SS 18/8 alloy need not worry about orthodontic corrosion for taking esomeprazole tablet for the treatment of gastro esophageal reflux disease and other medicinal purpose.

Uticaj razblaživanja i dodavanja soda vode na otpornost na koroziju ortodontskih žica potopljenih u veštačku pljuvačku u prisustvu Copper Barrel-a, žestokog pića

Copper barrel brandy can be taken orally with dilution of bisleri water or soda water and without dilution. People clipped with orthodontic wires may take copper barrel brandy orally, with dilution of without dilution. How far the orthodontic wires will be affected by these items? To find an answer the present research work is undertaken. Corrosion resistance of orthodontic wires made of Ni-Ti alloy and Ni-Cr alloy in artificial saliva in the absence and presence of copper barrel, water and soda water has been evaluated by AC impedance spectra. It is generally observed that Ni-Ti alloy is more corrosion resistant than Ni-Cr alloy in artificial saliva in the presence of copper barrel, water and soda water. When orthodontic wire made of Ni-Ti is immersed in artificial saliva, the charge transfer resistance (Rt) value is 31945Ohmcm2 . When it is immersed in copper barrel + artificial saliva (AS) system, Rtvalue increase to 80000Ohmcm2 . When it is immersed in soda water + artificial saliva (AS) system, Rtvalue increase to 76450Ohmcm2 . When it is immersed in water + artificial saliva (AS) system, Rtvalue increase to 82620Ohmcm2 . On the other hand, when orthodontic wire made of Ni-Cr is immersed in artificial saliva, the charge transfer resistance (Rt) value is 80930Ohmcm2 . When it is immersed in copper barrel + artificial saliva (AS) system, Rtvalue decrease to 11104Ohmcm2 . When it is immersed in soda water + artificial saliva (AS) system, Rtvalue decrease to 10437Ohmcm2 . It implies that the people who have been clipped with orthodontic wire made of Ni-Ti alloy can take copper barrel in any form, namely, with dilution or without dilution. The people who have been clipped with orthodontic wire made of Ni-Cr alloy should avoid taking copper barrel in any form, namely, with dilution or without dilution.

Comparison of Two Different Electro Polish Temperature on Cobalt Ion Release of Chromium Cobalt Alloy in Artificial Saliva with Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry

Introduction: Metals are widely used in direct and indirect restorative materials, both in prosthetics and orthodontics. The biocompatibility of these metals depends on their chemical nature, the number of ions released, and the period of contact of these metals. This study aims to compare two different electropolish temperatures on the release of cobalt ion from chromium-cobalt alloy.
 Materials & Methods: In this experimental study, 24 wax patterns were cut in the form of a circle with a diameter of 15 mm and a thickness of 1 mm. Then, the samples were sprued and invested. Burn out and casting were used to cast the alloy. The samples were sandblasted and polished with aluminum oxide. They were randomly divided into two 12-number groups and electropolished at 45° and 55° C. Samples were placed in artificial saliva and sent to atomic absorption spectrophotometer for 15 and 30 days to read the cobalt. Data were then analyzed by Independent t-test and Paired t-test (p value = 0.05).
 Results: The average release of cobalt from chromium cobalt alloy on the 30th day was higher than the 15th day at both 45°C and 55°C. This difference was significant at 45°C (p value = 0.036) while not significant at 55°C (p value = 0.0754). Regarding the comparison of the ion release at 45° and 55°C, the difference was not significant on the 15th day (p value = 0.067) and 30th day (p value = 0.0754).
 Conclusion: The amount of cobalt ions released from the cobalt-chromium alloy at 45°C is fewer than at 55°C over time.

Corrosion Behavior of Dental Alloys Under Artificial Saliva Solution with Different pH Values

The purpose of this study was to investigate the corrosion behavior of four different dental casting alloys in artificial saliva solutions with varying pH values. Microstructures were observed using scanning electron microscopy. The corrosion behavior of the experimental alloys in artificial saliva was examined using potentiodynamic polarization measurements. The high noble alloy (Au-8.5Pt-2.6Pd-1.4In) exhibited better corrosion resistance with lower anodic current densities in the pH range of 3–5. The anodic current density of the noble alloy (Au-24.9Pd-19.0Ag-5.5In) decreased as the pH decreased. The noble (Pd-37.7Ag-8.5Sn) and base metal (Ni-25Cr-11.5Mo-1.4Si) alloys exhibited lower corrosion resistance with a relatively high current density at pH 3. Compared with noble alloys, base metal alloys exhibited good corrosion resistance in this study. This makes them a promising material for dental castings considering the complex pH changes in the oral environment.

The Long-term Corrosion Behaviors of SLM 316L Stainless Steel Immersed in Artificial Saliva

The Selective Laser Melting (SLM) is an effective method to produce highly corrosion resistant Oral Alveolar Implants (OAI) by changing the scanning speed. Nevertheless, the long-term corrosion behavior of SLM 316L orthodontic bracket alloys in artificial saliva is overlooked in previous studies. In this study, 316L SS samples fabricated by SLM at different scanning speeds (800 mm/s, 1200 mm/s, and 1600 mm/s) were conducted a long-term (90 days) immersion test by being put into artificial saliva with three different pH values (pH 1.5, pH 4, and pH 6). The morphology, XRD and especially corrosion behavior of the samples fabricated by SLM and forging were investigated. The XRD results exhibit that high-speed scanning accelerates the cooling rate and inhibits the δ → γ phase transformation proceeding. Corrosion results show that the corrosion attack induced by pre-existing pores will expand through the crevices and break down the surface structure around the pores, leading to corrosion damage area to expand to several times of the original pore area. Besides, the mean corrosion rate of the sample at a scanning speed of 800 mm/s shows better corrosion resistance in artificial saliva of pH 4 and pH 6. Compared with wrought 316L SS samples, the SLM 316L SS samples had an obvious difference in the performance of corrosion rate and corrosion behaviors.

Corrosion resistance of orthodontic wire made of SS 18/8 alloy in artificial saliva in presence of Halls menthol candy investigated by electrochemical studies

Corrosion resistance of orthodontic wire made of SS 18/8 alloy in artificial saliva in presence of Halls menthol candy investigated by electrochemical studies

Influence of Vicks ginger candy (VGC) and Glucose D on corrosion resistance of orthodontic wire made of Ni-Ti alloy in artificial saliva

Influence of Vicks ginger candy (VGC) and Glucose D on corrosion resistance of orthodontic wire made of Ni-Ti alloy in artificial saliva

The Effect of the Moroccan Salvadora Persica Extract on the Corrosion Behavior of the Ni–Cr Non-precious Dental Alloy in Artificial Saliva

To evaluate, for the first time, the effect of the Moroccan Miswak (Salvadora persica) extract on the corrosion behavior of Ni–Cr dental alloy in artificial saliva, the electrochemical techniques, such as Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES), surface analysis, and metal release were investigated. Data extracted from the obtained electrochemical corrosion tests demonstrated that the resistance to corrosion of Ni–Cr alloy was improved in presence of Miswak extract at various concentrations, due to the protective action created by the adsorption of Miswak extract on the Ni–Cr alloy surface; the concentration of 1000 ppm presents a corrosion inhibition efficiency of 87%. In presence of the Miswak extract, the SEM–EDS and XRD studies confirm the formation of a film on Ni–Cr dental alloy surface and revealed a reduction in the relative dominance of Ni and Cr on the alloy surface. Also the release of Ni, Cr, and Mo ions has been obviously decreased.

Uticaj oralno uzetog soka tableta digene na otpornost na koroziju ortodontske žice od SS 18/8 u prisustvu veštačke pljuvačke

Dentists make use of orthodontic wires such as SS 18/8, SS 316, Ni-Cr etc., to regulate the growth of teeth. In the saliva environment these wires undergo corrosion. Aside from this, they undergo corrosion by the food items, juices and Tablets orally in taken. Corrosion resistance of SS 18/8 alloy in artificial saliva (AS) , in the absence and presence of Digene Tablet juice, has been investigated by polarization and AC impendance techniques. It is inferred that corrosion resistance of SS 18/8 alloy in artificial saliva decreases in presence of Digene Tablet. This is exposed by decrease in Linear Polarization Resistance (LPR) value, Charge transfer resistance (Rt) value, in impedance value, and increase in corrosion current and double layer capacitance value(Cdl). In presence of Digene Tablet, the LPR value decreases from 3488228 to 1629535 Ohmcm2. The corrosion current value increases from 1.447 x10-8 to 2.637x10-8A/cm2 . The Charge transfer resistance (Rt) value decreases from 37796 to 10481Ohmcm2 . The double layer capacitance value increases from 1.349x10-10 F/cm2 to 4.866x10-10F/cm2. The impedance value decreases from 4.857 to 4.428. Hence it implies that people with orthodontic wire made of SS 18/8 alloy should avoid taking Digene Tablet juice orally.

The passive properties of TA10 in Coca-Cola containing oral environment

PurposeAt present, carbonated drinks such as cola are especially favored by the younger generation. But because of its acid, it often leads to tooth demineralization, resulting in “cola tooth”. However, the influence of cola on the corrosion resistance of passive film of TiA10 alloy restorative materials is rarely reported. The purpose of this study was to analysis the corrosion resistance, composition of the passive film of TA10 alloy in different concentrations of Cola.Design/methodology/approachThe passive behavior of TA10 alloy in artificial saliva (AS) and Cola was studied by means of potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, Mott-Schottky techniques and combined with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) surface analysis.FindingsWith the increase of cola content, the self-corrosion current density of the alloy increases sharply, and the corrosion resistance of the passive film is the best in AS, while Rp in cola is reduced to half of that in AS. The thickness of the passive film in AS, AS +cola and cola is about 9.5 nm, 7.5 nm and 6 nm, respectively. The passive film in cola has more defects and the carrier density is 1.55 times as high as that in AS. Cola can weaken the formation process of the protected oxide, promote the formation of high valence Ti-oxides and increase the content of Mo-oxides in the passive film.Originality/valueThese results have important guiding significance for the safe use of the alloy in the complex oral environments.

Electrochemical behaviour of Ni-Ti (Super elastic) alloy in artificial saliva in the presence of phexin

Corrosion resistance of super elastic Ni-Ti alloy has been evaluated in artificial saliva in presence and absence of antibiotic sulfa drugs like phexin and almox 500. The amounts of drugs were taken in 50 ppm and 100 ppm amounts and they were added to the artificial saliva in which the metal is immersed. They were allowed to settle down for 1 day and 30 days batch at 37 ± 0.1 °C. Electrochemical techniques such as Potentio dynamic polarization and AC impedance studies were carried out to investigate the corrosion behaviour of Ni-Ti alloy. The surface analysis study, SEM technique was also used to analyze the surface of the alloys in absence and presence of the drugs. And also to investigate the corrosion behaviour of this metal alloy surface.