Alloxan-induced Diabetes Research Articles

Evaluation of Antidiabetic Activity of Aqueous Extract of Mangifera Indica Leaves in Alloxan Induced Diabetic Rats

Evaluation of Antidiabetic Activity of Aqueous Extract of Mangifera Indica Leaves in Alloxan Induced Diabetic Rats

P 106 - Targeting of O2●-/NO ratio as a strategy to improve energy metabolism in diabetes

Redox homeostasis disturbance, mainly caused by increased O 2 •– level and/or decreased NO bioavailability, represents an important contributing factor in the (ethio)pathology of diabetes. We examined whether targeting of O 2 •– /NO ratio by two redox-modulating compounds, L-arginine (substrate for NO synthases) and Mn(II) pentaazamacrocyclic mimics of SOD, could improve diabetic state and associated impairment of energy metabolism. Multiple beneficial effects of L-arginine and SOD mimics in alloxan-induced diabetes were observed. First of all, acting directly on pancreas, L-arginine and SOD mimic induce β-cells regeneration. In skeletal muscle, those treatments restore diabetes-induced impairment in mitochondrial energy metabolism (OXPHOS) and glucose transport (GLUT4) by targeting AMPKα signaling. Similarly, SOD mimic improves energy metabolism in hippocampus of diabetic rats. L-arginine and SOD mimic stabilize diabetes-induced redox disbalance in diabetic skin acting on NO producing (NOS) and O 2 •– /H 2 O 2 removing (MnSOD and GPx) systems. The data suggest that fine settings of O 2 •– /NO ratio by L-arginine and SOD mimic could have beneficial implications for several pathological hallmarks of diabetes: impaired insulin synthesis and sensitivity as well as accompanying metabolic complications and speak in favor of therapeutic potential of these redox-active agents in diabetic conditions.

EFFECT OF THE HYDROALCOHOLIC EXTRACT OF OLEA EUROPEA LEAVES ON GLUCOSE TOLERANCE AND PLASMA LIPID PROFILE IN ALLOXAN-INDUCED DIABETIC RATS.

20May 2017 EFFECT OF THE HYDROALCOHOLIC EXTRACT OF OLEA EUROPEA LEAVES ON GLUCOSE TOLERANCE AND PLASMA LIPID PROFILE IN ALLOXAN-INDUCED DIABETIC RATS. Elbadrawy and Mohammed Alblihed. Biochemistry Dept. College of Medicine, TaifUniversity, Taif, KSA. Faculty of Specific Education, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.

Effect of Methyltrienolone on the Metabolic Disorders in Rat Model of Alloxan-Induced Diabetes

Aim: The aim of the study was to investigate the restoration of metabolic imbalance related with deficiency of insulin by the exogenous androgen supplementation in the experimental model of alloxan-induced diabetes in Wistar male rats. Methods: The experimental diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal administration of alloxan. The concentrations of glucose, immunereactive insulin, corticosterone, testosterone and estradiol were examined in blood, the intensity of DNA and RNA synthesis and androgen receptor expression were studied in the liver tissue – at 15th, 30th and 45th days of alloxan-induced diabetes. The synthetic androgen methyltrienolone was administered to rats with 30-days diabetes during 15 days. All data were compared to control group received solvent. Results: The induction of diabetes increased the concentrations of glucose, corticosterone and estradiol while decreases insulin and testosterone concentration in blood as well as DNA/RNA synthesis and androgen receptors expression in hepatocytes. The administration of exogenous androgen significantly restored the metabolic imbalance and the expression of androgen receptors and increased DNA/RNA synthesis in liver cells maintained close to control level. Conclusion: The administration of methyltrienolone reduced the effect of “diabetic stress” and restored the hormonal dysfunction induced by alloxan.

Anti-Diabetic Activity of Methanolic Extract of Grape Seeds in Alloxan Induced Diabetic Rats

Anti-Diabetic Activity of Methanolic Extract of Grape Seeds in Alloxan Induced Diabetic Rats

ВПЛИВ ЦИТРАТУ ВАНАДІЮ НА БІЛКОВИЙ ОБМІН У КРОВІ ЩУРІВ З АЛОКСАН-ІНДУКОВАНИМ ДІАБЕТОМ

ВПЛИВ ЦИТРАТУ ВАНАДІЮ НА БІЛКОВИЙ ОБМІН У КРОВІ ЩУРІВ З АЛОКСАН-ІНДУКОВАНИМ ДІАБЕТОМ

Evaluation of Biological Effects of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Hibiscus Rosa Sinensis Flowers on Alloxan Induced Diabetes in Rats.

Aim and Objective The current study sought to investigate antidiabetic, hypolipidimic, antioxidant and histopathological effects of floral extract of Hibiscus rosa sinensis in Alloxan induced Diabetes in rats. Materials and Methods Study was conducted on 6 groups with 6 wistar rats in each group for the period of 4 weeks. Group I: served as normal control (NC), rats administered with gum acacia 1 ml daily, group II: consider as diabetic control (DC) treated with alloxon 150 mg/kg body wt. Whereas Hibiscus rosa-sinensis flower extract was given orally in group III (DE1), group IV (DE2), group V (DE3) at doses of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight dissolved in distilled water respectively. Group VI (DG) was given glibenclamide (5 mg/kg) as a standard drug and results were compared in reference to it. Results The results indicate that the test compound HEFHR (Hydroalcoholic extract of flower Hibiscus rosa-sinensis) has significant and sustained oral antidiabetic activity, comparable with the hypoglycemic effect of Glibenclamide and Sulphonylurea. Flower extract of HRS was more efficacious in lipid lowering effect and in antioxidative activity than glibenclamide. After 28 day treatment with flower extract, size of islets was significantly increased and necrosis and atrophy of islets were significantly improved; also increase in number and diameter of cell islets appeared to be regular as compared to the diabetic group. Conclusion HEFHR possesses significant antidiabetic, hypolipidemic and antioxidant properties as well as regeneration of beta cells in rats. Further evaluation of HEFHR is in progress.

Abstract 550: Alteration of Glycolysis Metabolite Levels and Impaired Hypoxic Response in Diabetic Atherosclerosis

Objective: Diabetes mellitus accelerates atherosclerosis that causes most cardiovascular events. Several metabolic pathways are considered to contribute to the development of atherosclerosis, but comprehensive metabolic alterations to atherosclerotic arterial cells remain unknown. The present study investigated metabolic status and their relationship to vascular histopathological changes in the atherosclerotic arteries of rabbits with alloxan-induced diabetes. Approach and Results: Diabetic atherosclerosis was induced in rabbits ilio-femoral arteries by injecting alloxan (100 mg/kg), injuring the arteries using a balloon, and feeding with a 0.5% cholesterol diet. Plaque burden, macrophage content, and hypoxic areas were more prevalent in arteries with diabetic, than non-diabetic atherosclerosis. Metabolomic analyses highlighted 12 metabolites that were significantly altered between diabetic and non-diabetic atherosclerosis. A half of them were associated with glycolysis metabolites, and their levels were decreased in diabetic atherosclerosis. The uptake of glucose evaluated as 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose in atherosclerotic lesions increased according to increased macrophage content or hypoxic areas in non-diabetic, but not diabetic rabbits. Despite profound hypoxic areas, the nuclear localization of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α decreased and the number of apoptotic cells increased in diabetic atherosclerotic lesions. Conclusions: Altered glycolysis metabolism and an impaired response to hypoxia in atherosclerotic lesions under conditions of insulin-dependent diabetes might be involved in the development of diabetic atherosclerosis.

Effect of Steam Blanching and Sulphiting on the Antidiabetic Potentials of Aerial Yam (D. bulbifera) Amala Flour Fed Alloxan Induced Diabetic Rats

This research work investigated the effect of processing (sulphiting and steam blanching) of aerial yam (Dioscorea bulbifera) amala flour on the hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic properties of alloxan induced diabetic rats. Yellow fleshed Dioscorea bulbifera bulbs were processed by sulphiting for 30 minutes and steam blanching for 10 minutes. The unprocessed sample served as control. The flours were used to make stiff doughs which were dried and used to feed alloxan induced diabetic rats. The hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic properties of the flours as well as some biochemical indices of the rats were studied. The LD50 of the samples was determined using acute toxicity study. Diabetic rats fed sulphited, steam blanched and untreated Dioscorea bulbifera flours had significantly (p>0.05) reduced fasting blood glucose level which decreased from 385 to 75.67 mg/dl, 654.33 to 80.00 mg/dl and 616.67 to 86.00 mg/dl, respectively. Diabetic rats fed untreated, steam blanched and sulphited Dioscorea bulbifera flours had significantly (p<0.05) reduced serum cholesterol (4.73, 4.66 and 4.43 mmol/L), low density lipoprotein (2.80, 2.70 and 2.33 mmol/L) and triacylglycerol (1.43, 1.41 and 1.42 mmol/L) respectively compared to the diabetic control. Diabetic rats fed steam blanched and untreated Dioscorea bulbifera flour had reduced alkaline phosphatase (75.00 and 81.33 IU/L), aminotransaminase (39.00 and 44.00 IU/L), creatinine (4.37 and 115.67 mg/dl) and urea (2.23 and 62.00 mg/dl) respectively. However, diabetic rats fed sulphited Dioscorea bulbifera flour had increased alkaline phosphatase (88.00 IU/L), aminotransaminase (53.66 IU/L), creatinine (7.57 mg/dl) and urea (207.67 mg/dl) relative to diabetic control. Steam blanched and sulphited Dioscorea bulbifera showed significant hypoglycaemic effect while the sulphited sample showed an adverse effect on the liver and kidney.

Hepatoprotective and Healthy Kidney Promoting Potentials of Methanol Extract of Nauclea latifolia in Alloxan Induced Diabetic Male Wistar Albino Rats

Hepatoprotective and Healthy Kidney Promoting Potentials of Methanol Extract of Nauclea latifolia in Alloxan Induced Diabetic Male Wistar Albino Rats

Altered glucose metabolism and hypoxic response in alloxan-induced diabetic atherosclerosis in rabbits.

Diabetes mellitus accelerates atherosclerosis that causes most cardiovascular events. Several metabolic pathways are considered to contribute to the development of atherosclerosis, but comprehensive metabolic alterations to atherosclerotic arterial cells remain unknown. The present study investigated metabolic changes and their relationship to vascular histopathological changes in the atherosclerotic arteries of rabbits with alloxan-induced diabetes. Diabetic atherosclerosis was induced in rabbit ilio-femoral arteries by injecting alloxan (100 mg/kg), injuring the arteries using a balloon, and feeding with a 0.5% cholesterol diet. We histologically assessed the atherosclerotic lesion development, cellular content, pimonidazole positive-hypoxic area, the nuclear localization of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α, and apoptosis. We evaluated comprehensive arterial metabolism by performing metabolomic analyses using capillary electrophoresis-time of flight mass spectrometry. We evaluated glucose uptake and its relationship to vascular hypoxia using 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose and pimonidazole. Plaque burden, macrophage content, and hypoxic areas were more prevalent in arteries with diabetic, than non-diabetic atherosclerosis. Metabolomic analyses highlighted 12 metabolites that were significantly altered between diabetic and non-diabetic atherosclerosis. A half of them were associated with glycolysis metabolites, and their levels were decreased in diabetic atherosclerosis. The uptake of glucose evaluated as 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose in atherosclerotic lesions increased according to increased macrophage content or hypoxic areas in non-diabetic, but not diabetic rabbits. Despite profound hypoxic areas, the nuclear localization of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α decreased and the number of apoptotic cells increased in diabetic atherosclerotic lesions. Altered glycolysis metabolism and an impaired response to hypoxia in atherosclerotic lesions under conditions of insulin-dependent diabetes might be involved in the development of diabetic atherosclerosis.

A Comparative Study on Anti-diabetic Effects of Aqueous Trigonella foenum graecum, Hibiscus cannabinus Linn, and Cicer arietinum extracts on Alloxan Induced Diabetic Male Albino Rats

Objective: To compare anti-diabetic effect between the different aqueous extracts of green leafy plants locally available in North Karnataka region of India on alloxan induced diabetic male albino rats. Materials and Methods: The preparation of aqueous extracts, preliminary phytochemical analysis and toxicity screening test of 3 aqueous extracts was done by using standard protocol. To study anti-diabetic activity experimental rats were divided into five groups viz. Group I (Control), Group II (Diabetic, Alloxan monohydrate, 15mg/100g bwt, i.p. ), Group III (Diabetic with Trigonella foenum graecum ), Group IV (Diabetic with Hibiscus cannabinus Linn) and Group V (Diabetic with Cicer arietinum ). All above extracts were supplemented with same dose i.e. 12.5mg/100g bwt, orally. The blood glucose levels were evaluated in all the above experimental groups after acute (OGTT) and sub chronic (2 weeks) supplementation. Results: Our results depicts statistically significant decreased blood glucose level in Group III rats after both acute and sub chronic supplementation whereas in Group IV rats only after sub chronic supplementation when compared with Group II rats. But, Group V rats not showed any significant change in both acute as well as sub chronic exposure when compared with Group II rats. Conclusion: Trigonella foenum graecum and Hibiscus cannabinus Linn. leaves may be used as a dietary supplement in diabetic patients. Key words: Trigonella foenum graecum , Hibiscus cannabinus Linn., Cicer arietinum

Evaluation of Antidiabetic and Antioxidant Activity of Aegle Marmelos L. Correa Fruit Extract in the Diabetic Rats

Background: Diabetes mellitus is regarded as a serious chronic disease that carries a high risk for considerable complications. The use of natural plant products for management of diabetes is increasing due to their minimal side-effects and economical aspects. Aegle marmelos L. Correa (A. marmelos), family Rutaceae is highly reputed medicinal plant commonly known as bael. A. marmelos fruit is widely used in folk medicine for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Aim of the work: This study was aimed to evaluate the antidiabetic and antioxidant activity of A. marmelos fruit ethanolic extract against alloxan-induced diabetes in male rats. Material and Methods: Twenty five male albino rats with an average body weight 180-195g were divided into two main groups; first group: control (n=5) and second group: diabetic rats (n=20), which were divided equally to four subgroups as follows: diabetic untreated rats , diabetic rats treated with 125 mg/kg/day A. marmelos fruit extract; diabetic rats treated with 250 mg/kg/day A. marmelos fruit extract and diabetic rats treated with 500 mg/kg/day A. marmelos fruit extract. Diabetes was induced by a single intraperitonial injection of alloxan (120 mg/kg). Results: Phytochemical screening of A. marmelos fruit extract revealed the presence of alkaloids, carbohydrates, glycosides, flavonoids, tannins, coumarins, sterols and triterpenoids. Results of the biological study reported that alloxan-induced diabetic group exhibited hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, elevation in malondialdehyde (MDA) level accompanied with weight loss and reduction in high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) level, reduced glutathione (GSH) level and superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme activity when compared to control group. Treatment with A. marmelos fruit extract at the three dose levels reported improvement in the biological evaluation, lipid profile, glucose, insulin, MDA and GSH levels and SOD enzyme activity when compared to the diabetic group. The improvement was most pronounced in 500 mg/kg A.marmelos treated group. Conclusion: It could be concluded that A. marmelos fruit extract had hypoglycemic activity; this effect may be attributed to its antioxidant activity and its high content of active constituents which was proved in this study. Therefore, it could be recommended that A.marmelos fruit may be useful as a healthy food and in the development of antidiabetic drugs.

COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN BERBERINE AND EXENDINE 4 ON ADULT MALE DIABETIC ALBINO RATS

Background: Exendin-4 is a similar peptide to glucagon - like peptide-1, and can interfere with various receptors of glucagon like peptide-1and is evaluated for the regulation of blood glucose in diabetes mellitus. Berberine (BBR) is demonstrated to have a hypoglycemic effect in vitro and in vivo. Objective: Comparing between the effects of berberine and exendine 4 on adult male diabetic albino rats. Materials and Methods: Thirty two adult male albino rats of local strain were housed in 8 suitable metal cages (20 × 32 × 20 cm for every 4 rats). They were divided into four equal groups: Group I served as a control group, group II was diabetic control, group III was diabetic group treated with berberine, and group IV was diabetic group received exendin-4. Body weight was measured daily till the end of the experimental period .Blood samples were collected for measuring fasting glucose, fasting insulin, homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance ( HOMA –IR), C-peptide, glycosylated hemoglobin (Hb A1c), cholesterol(CHO), triglycerides (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), and high density lipoproteins cholesterol (HDL-c). The pancreas of the sacrificed rats were excised and randomly processed for histological staining and biochemical assays for superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA). Results: Alloxan-induced diabetes mellitus was associated with significant higher levels of blood glucose, HOMA –IR, Hb A1c, total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-c and pancreatic MDA with significantly lower levels of body weight, insulin, C-peptide, HDL-c and pancreatic SOD as compared with normal control group. Berberine in diabetic rats produced significant lower levels of body weight, blood glucose, HOMA –IR, Hb A1c, total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL and pancreatic MDA with significantly higher levels of insulin , C-peptide , HDL and pancreatic SOD as compared with control diabetic group. Exendin-4 showed significant lower levels of blood glucose, HOMA –IR, total cholesterol, TG, LDL-c and pancreatic MDA levels, and significant higher levels of insulin , HDL-c, C-peptide and pancreatic SOD as compared with the control diabetic rats. Results of the present study showed that the effects of exendin-4 produced insignificant changes of body weight as compared with control diabetic group. Conclusion: Exendin-4 was more potent in reducing hyperglycemia than berberine, while berberine has a better body weight reduction. Furthermore, berberine treatment significantly increased pancreatic antioxidant enzymes activities as well as exendin-4. Berberine and exendin-4 treatment protected and preserved pancreatic β-cell architecture and integrity.

\u03b2-Cell protection and antidiabetic activities of Crassocephalum crepidioides (Asteraceae) Benth. S. Moore extract against alloxan-induced oxidative stress via regulation of apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS)

BackgroundMedicinal plants are becoming more popular in the treatment of various diseases because of the adverse effects of the current therapy, especially antioxidant plant components such as phenols and flavonoids have a protective role against oxidative stress-induced degenerative diseases like diabetes. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate β-cell protection and antidiabetic activities of Crassocephalum crepidioides (Asteraceae) Benth. S. Moore.MethodThe in-vitro study was conducted by the pancreatic β-cell culture and α-amylase inhibition technique which includes two methods, namely starch-iodine method and 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid (DNSA) method. On the other hand, the in-vivo study was performed by oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) method and alloxan-induced diabetes method by using Wistar albino rat. At the end pancreatic specimens were removed and processed for histopathological study.ResultThe plant extract showed significant (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01) effect on hyperglycemia as compared to standard (Gliclazide) in OGTT. The plant extract showed efficient protection activity of pancreatic β-cell from cell death in INS-1 cell line by significantly reduced (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01) the levels alloxan-induced apoptosis and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. In addition, the plant extract showed a significant (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01) effect on hyperglycemia by increases in percent of β-cells present in each islet (45% – 60%) compared to the diabetic group.ConclusionThe result showed that C. crepidioides had β-cell protection and antidiabetic activities in pancreatic β-cell culture and Wistar albino rat.

Apocynin attenuates left ventricular remodeling in diabetic rabbits.

IntroductionNicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidases are responsible for the generation of reactive oxygen species, producing vascular and myocardial dysfunction in diabetes mellitus. However, the potential benefits of the NADPH oxidase inhibitor, apocynin, on left ventricular (LV) remodeling remain unknown.ResultsIn the diabetic group, interventricular septal thickness and left ventricular posterior wall thickness were markedly increased compared to control. These changes were accompanied by increased LV cardiomyocyte cross-sectional area and greater degree of interstitial fibrosis. NO, myeloperoxidase, and malonaldehyde levels in the serum were significantly increased Moreover, protein expression levels of rac1, nuclear factor-κB, transforming growth factor-β, p38, P-p38, and metalloproteinase-9 were also raised. Apocynin treatment prevented all of these structural, histological and biochemical changes and additionally increased superoxide dismutase levels.MethodsThirty Japanese rabbits were randomized into three groups: control, alloxan-induced diabetes with and without apocynin treatment at 15 mg/kg/day for 8 weeks (n = 10 for each group). Echocardiography was performed and hemodynamics were assessed by carotid and LV catheterization. LV cardiomyocyte cross-sectional area and interstitial fibrosis were evaluated by histology. Serum nitric oxide (NO), malonaldehyde, myeloperoxidase, superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels, and activity of LV tissue NADPH oxidases was assessed. Expression of proteins involved in pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic signaling were determined by Western blotting.ConclusionsInhibition of NADPH oxidase using apocynin is an effective upstream therapy for preventing diabetes-induced adverse remodeling of the left ventricular myocardium.

The Association between Diffuse Myocardial Fibrosis on Cardiac Magnetic Resonance T1 Mapping and Myocardial Dysfunction in Diabetic Rabbits

The objective of this study was to assess the relationship between imaging surrogates for diffuse fibrosis and myocardial dysfunction. Thirty-six New Zealand white rabbits were classified into two groups: a control group (n = 18) and an alloxan-induced diabetes mellitus (DM) group (n = 18). For all rabbits, conventional ultrasonography, two-dimensional speckle tracking, and cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) T1 mapping were performed; all of the rabbits were then sacrificed for Masson’s staining. The extracellular volume (ECV) was calculated from pre- and post-contrast T1 values and compared with myocardial function measured by echocardiography using Pearson’s correlation. In the DM group, ECV increased as the duration of diabetes increased, consistent with the changes in myocardial fibrosis verified by pathology. Moreover, ECV was strongly correlated with the early diastolic strain rate (r = −0.782, p < 0.001) and moderately correlated with the radial systolic peak strain (r = 0.478, p = 0.045). Thus, ECV is an effective surrogate for myocardial diffuse fibrosis on CMR imaging, and higher ECV values are associated with an increased impairment of myocardial diastolic function.

Comparative Hepatoprotective and Haematological Effects of the Ethanol Extracts of the Leaves of Vitex Doniana and Senna Occidentalis in Alloxan-Induced Diabetes in Male Wistar Rats

Aim The goal of this study is to determine the Antidiabetic and hepatoprotective effects of the ethanol extracts of the leaves of Vitex doniana and Senna occidentalis in alloxan induced diabetes in male Wistar rats Materials and methods Thirty male albino rats were randomly divided into five groups consisting of six animals each Diabetes was induced using intraperitoneal administration mg kg body weight of alloxan and treatment was carried out over a period of days The first group served as the normal control and received only normal feed and water Group diabetic rats without treatment Group diabetic ratstreated with mg kg ethanol extract of Vitex doniana Group diabetic rats treated with mg kg ethanol extract of Senna occidentalis And group diabetic rats treated with mg kg Glibenclamide Results Glucose level Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances TBARS bilirubin alanine aminotransferase aspartate aminotransferase and full blood count were significantly p lt changed in rats treated with Alloxan mg kg bw while treatment with the respective extracts significantly changed the levels of these parameters to normal The results obtained indicate that the extracts were beneficial in ameliorating damages caused by Alloxan in male rats Conclusion This study clearly showed the hepatoprotective and haematological effects of the ethanol extracts of the leaves of Vitex doniana and Senna occidentalis in alloxan induced diabetes in male Wistar rats The obtained results indicated that Vitex doniana and Senna occidentalis at about g bw would be a good natural source for protection against diabetes induced liver and blood toxicities

Effects of Aqueous Extract of Leaves of Abrus precatorius (Linn) on some Biochemical Parameters in Normal and Alloxan Induced Diabetic Rats

Effects of Aqueous Extract of Leaves of Abrus precatorius (Linn) on some Biochemical Parameters in Normal and Alloxan Induced Diabetic Rats

Modulatory effect of dianthrone rich alcoholic flower extract of Cassia auriculata L. on experimental diabetes

BackgroundDiabetes is rapidly rising all over the world at an alarming rate and has changed from a mild disorder to major causes of mortality and morbidity in the youth and middle-aged people, and the prevalence is seen especially in six inhabited continents of the globe. The present study aims to explore the antidiabetic, lipid lowering effect of Cassia auriculata L. flowers in alloxan-induced diabetes. MethodsDiabetes was induced using alloxan monohydrate in experimental rats and subsequent therapeutic effects of C. auriculata extract and standard drug glibenclamide were monitored. Bioassay-directed fractionation using silica gel column chromatography was performed until pure fractions were isolated. The effect of the treatment was analyzed by hematological parameters and enzyme assays. The pure compounds were confirmed with thin layer chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography pattern and further subjected for characterization. ResultsThe alterations in blood glucose were monitored throughout the study. There was a gradual fall in blood glucose and significant changes were observed in lipid profile and metabolic enzyme after treatment with C. auriculata. Bioassay fractionation represented that the C2 subfraction produced a dose-dependent fall in blood glucose and lipid profile and upon further purification yielded two pure compounds. The structure of the pure compound was elucidated using Fourier transform infrared, 1H nuclear magnetic resonance, 13C nuclear magnetic resonance, and mass spectral data. ConclusionThe present study clearly indicated the significant antidiabetic effect of C. auriculata and lends support for its traditional usage without evident toxic effects.