Alloxan-diabetic Mice Research Articles

(−)-Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) pharmacokinetics and molecular interactions towards amelioration of hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia associated hepatorenal oxidative injury in alloxan induced diabetic mice

Diabetes mellitus has become a serious problem associated with health complications, such as metabolism disorders and liver-kidney dysfunction. The inadequacies associated with conventional medicines have led to a determined search for alternative natural therapeutic agents. The present study was conducted to evaluate the hypoglycemic, antilipidemic, and antioxidant effects of EGCG in surviving diabetic mice. Alloxan diabetic mice were treated with EGCG. Their bloods were collected and submitted to various biochemical measurements, including blood glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, urea, creatinine, and transaminases. Their livers and kidneys were isolated to assess oxidative damage and to perform histological analysis. Both EGCG and insulin treatment of diabetic mice resulted in a significant reduction in fasting blood glucose levels. EGCG supplementation also ameliorated hepatic as well as renal toxicity indices. Moreover, diabetic mice injected with EGCG exhibited significant changes in antioxidant enzyme activities in the liver and kidney. Histological analyses also showed that it exerted an ameliorative action on these organs and efficiently protected the liver-kidney functions of diabetic mice. EGCG was found to bind α-amylase, PTP1B, and α-glucosidase with good affinities ranging from −6.1 to −8.4 kcal/mol. The findings revealed that EGCG administration induced attractive curative effects on diabetic mice, particularly in terms of liver-kidney function. EGCG can, therefore, be considered as a potential strong candidate for future applications to treat and alleviate diabetic burden. Its pharmacokinetics, high affinities, and molecular interactions with the targeted receptors satisfactory explain the in vivo findings.

Effect of origanum vulgare extract on glucose level and some parameters of immunity in alloxane diabetic mice

It is aimed to study effects of origanum vulgare on serum glucose, blood film (total and differential white blood cells and immunoglobulin (IgG,IgM,IgA and complements C3 , C4) in alloxane-induced diabetic mice. Animals were divided into five groups of 5 animals each as follows: Non-diabetic mice (control group), non-treated alloxane diabetic mice, alloxane diabetic mice treated with origanum vulgare. Alloxan diabetic mice were injected with Origanum Vulgare extract for 1,2,3 weeks at a dosage of 0.18 g/kg body weight. The mice treated with alloxan (150 mg/kg B.W) to induce diabetic were showed increased in blood glucose level (hyperglycemia) , decreased in total and differential WBCs and immunoglobulin (IgG,IgM,IgA and complements C3 , C4) compared with control group, while the results of alloxan diabetic mice treated with origanum vulgare showed significantly (P<0.05) decreased in blood glucose level , increased in total and differential WBCs and immunoglobulin (IgG,IgM,IgA and complements C3 , C4) compared with alloxan diabetic mice group with out treated.

EFFECTS OF Origanum Vulgare ON SOME SPERMS PARAMETERS , BIOCHEMICAL AND SOME HORMONES IN ALLOXAN DIABETIC MICE

The influence of Origanum Vulgare on male fertility by using following tests (measurement of testosterone , LH and FSH level , sperm viability , activity , motility and abnormalities) and on GOT, GPT,AL.Ph. and Lipid profile status was studied in normal and alloxan diabetic mice. Alloxan diabetic mice were injected with Origanum Vulgare extract for 3 weeks at a dosage of 0.18 g/kg body weight. The Alloxan diabetic mice showed significantly decreased in serum glucose level. however testosterone , LH and FSH level were increased and decreased in dead sperms , abnormalities and increase motility , decrease in GOT, GPT, AL.Ph. and lipid profile, in alloxan diabetic mice.

Syntheses, Structures and Insulin-Like Activity of Two Oxidovanadium(V) Complexes with Similar Nicotinohydrazone Ligands.

Two new oxidovanadium(V) complexes, [VOL1(HQ)] (1) and [VOL2(SAH)] (2), were prepared by the reaction of [VO(acac)2] (where acac = acetylacetonate) with N'-(3-ethoxy-2-hydroxybenzylidene)nicotinohydrazide (H2L1) and 8-hydroxyquinoline (HHQ), and N'-(2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzylidene)nicotinohydrazide (H2L2) and salicylhydroxamic acid (HSAH), respectively, in methanol. Crystal and molecular structures of the complexes were determined by elemental analysis, infrared spectroscopy and single crystal X-ray diffraction. The V atoms in both complexes are in octahedral coordination. Thermal stability of the complexes was studied. Both complexes can decrease the blood glucose level in alloxan-diabetic mice, but the blood glucose level in the treated normal mice was not altered.

Effect of Coriandrum sativum L on Blood Glucose Levels among Alloxan- Diabetic Mice (Rattus norvegicus strain wistar)

The blood glucose level of the body tends to increase slightly after the age of 50. The coriander (Coriandrum sativum L) is a member of the Apiaceae family and it grows in a wide range conditions and can be used as antidiabetic. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of coriander water extract on the blood sugar levels of white rats (Rattus norvegicus strain wistar). The method of this study involved experimental animals, specifically 20 Rattus norvegicus strain wistar ranging from 150-200grams with an age between 2-3 months. The mice were injected with an alloxan solution to induce a diabetic condition and then they were divided into four groups and treated. The treatments were 0.5% Na CMC, glibenclamide 0.45mg/Kg b.w, coriander extract of 100mg/Kg b.w and coriander extract of 200mg/Kg b.w for 15 days. The blood glucose level of the mice was measured on days 0, 1, 5, 10 and 15. The results showed that the 0.5% CMC placebo had no effect in terms of reducing the glucose level of the rats, Glibenclamide 0.45mg/Kg b.w had an effect in terms of reducing the blood glucose level, as did coriander extract 100mg/Kg b.w and 200mg/Kg b.w among the alloxan-diabetic mice.

EFFECT OF HONEY ON HEALTHY AND ALLOXAN DIABETIC MALE SWISS-WEBSTER MICE (MUS MUSCULUS) WITH AND WITHOUT GLIBENCLAMIDE THERAPY

This study was conducted to know the effect of honey from Sumbawa on healthy and alloxan-induced diabetic mice. It consisted of honey quality test, glucose tolerance test (GTT) and alloxan-induced diabetes. On GTT, healthy animals were given pure honey, diluted honey 20% and 50%, blood glucose levels were measured every 30 minutes for 3 hours. Diabetic mice obtained by inducing alloxan at a dose of 50 mg/kg bw. Blood glucose levels of diabetic mice in range of 400-500 mg/dL. Honey and combination of glibenclamide with honey were given for 21 days. Glibenclamide dose of 0.65 mg/kg bw was used as standard drug. Blood glucose levels were measured on days 10, 17 and 24. On the next day, the animals were sacrificed and pancreas were isolated. Pure honey, 20%, and 50% honey showed to raise blood glucose levels. Blood glucose level in mice group that given pure honey stayed in the normal value of 140 mg/dL until 180 minute observation, significantly different from the group of glucose 20% (p<0.05). Honey and combination of glibenclamide with honey in alloxan diabetic mice did not caused a decrease of blood glucose levels that significantly different compared to the sore group (p>0.05). It can be concluded honey maintains blood glucose levels of healthy mice on a normal value of 140 mg/dL until 180 minutes. In alloxan diabetic test, neither honey nor the combination of glibenclamide and honey did not show a decrease in blood glucose levels that significantly different to the sore group.

Molecular structure and anti-diabetic activity of a polysaccharide extracted from pumpkin Cucurbita pepo

In this work, structure and anti-diabetic effect of a polysaccharide (PP-PE) obtained by hot-water extraction from Cucurbita pepo was studied. The results showed that PP-PE was composed of α-(1→6)-glucan branched at C3 position and α-(1→4)-galactan. The polysaccharide molecule had a local rod-like conformation in solution with the cross-sectional radius of gyration of 0.27 nm and the chain aggregation was also observed from SAXS measurements. For alloxan-diabetic mice, blood glucose level was decreased by 29.8 % after 7 days PP-PE treatment at a dose of 100mg/kg/day. The histological examination indicated that degeneration and necrosis of pancreas tissues were observed in diabetic mice, however, histopathological changes were restored to near normal by PP-PE treatment. PP-PE also showed α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibited activities with an IC50 value of 110.32±7.08 mg/mL and 103.06±1.60 mg/mL, respectively.

Role of Dexamethasone on immune dysregulation mediated through Th1/Th2 cytokine balance in mice challenged with type 1 diabetes and allergic asthma

Dysregulated equilibrium between T helper 1 (Th1) and T helper 2 (Th2) immune responses has been implicated in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes (T1D) and asthma. Conflicting evidence exist explaining the association between T1D and asthma and is still a point of debate. In the present study, our objective was to investigate the influence of associated T1Dco morbid condition on the induction of experimental asthma in mice and also to evaluate the efficacy of Dexamethasone (0.5 mg/kg, s.c.ly) in these mice. Type 1 diabetes was induced by a single intravenous injection of alloxan (80 mg/kg) in Balb/c mice. Following diabetes induction, mice were sensitized with an intraperitoneal injection of 50 µg ovalbumin (Ova) emulsified in 2.5 mg aluminum hydroxide on days 3 and 8. From day 13 to day 15, animals were challenged intranasally with 100 µg Ova in 25 µl of sterile saline. Dexamethasone treatment was initiated on sensitization day and continued once in 2 days thereafter until day 15. Control animals received only saline without Ova. On day 16, mice were subjected to nasal hyperresponsiveness (NHR) immediately after the Ova challenge. Bronchioalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), blood, and lungs were collected 1h post completion of NHR for further analysis. Alloxan diabetic mice showed significantly lower levels of eosinophils in BALF and blood with the corresponding decrease in inflammatory cells around airways in hematoxylin & eosin-stained lung sections, but with no change in NHR than in non-diabetics after Ova sensitization and challenge. Dexamethasone treatment showed a significant reduction of airway inflammation and related Th2 immune responses, with a lesser magnitude of efficacy in diabetic asthma mice than in non-diabetic asthma mice. The presence of T1D featured a unique, yet the intermediary stage of asthma induction and also presented an altered magnitude of Dexamethasone efficacy compared to the absence of T1D in the murine model of Ova induced asthma.

Biochemical and Histopathological study Of The Proteinaceous Compounds Separated From Aqueous Extract Of Marus Albul L. Fruit in alloxan diabetic mice

This work was concerned with isolating and molecular weight determination of the proteinous compounds isolated from the cold and boiled aqueous extract of Marus Albal L. using different biochemical techniques . Also this study indicated the effect of the proteinaceous compounds Ac, Bc and Ab, Bb on some biochemical parameters including glucose, cholesterol and total lipids levels in blood serum and glycogen content in liver tissues in normal and diabetic mice . A single intraperitoneal injection of these isolated compounds with a dose of 75 mg / kg body weight was used .As well as pancreas were removed and stained with H and E of pancreatic sections. Results indicated that intraperitoneal injection of insulin and all the proteinaceous compounds Ac , Bc and Ab, Bb obtained by gel filtration chromatography from the plant used had hypoglycemic effect on serum glucose level in normal and diabetic mice. The rate of decrease was from (18.2) to (43.7) % in the normal and form (29.57) to (50.20) % in the diabetic mice respectively. While compounds (Bb) showed a negligible to an increasing effect (3.91) % in the normal and (7.99)% in the diabetic mice. Also the highest decrease was obtained for compound (Ac), this decrease were (16.8 )% and (15.73) % for serum cholesterol levels in the normal and the diabetic mice respectively .As well as the highest decrease was obtained for compound (Ac) , this decrease were(23.62) % and (28.88) % for serum total lipids levels in the normal and the diabetic mice respectively. Also a decrease between (5.8 , 14.1) % and (6.4 , 12.9) % glycogen content in liver tissues was obtained when the normal and in the diabetic mice respectively were injected intraperitoneally by the proteinaceous compounds Ac, Bc and Ab , Bb from plants used. Finally alloxan induced diabetic mice group, the endocrine pancreas histologically showed decreased in the size and number of Langerhans islets with vacuolar degeneration and necrosis of almost all cell in the atrophied islets as compared with control group. The histomorphometic study of the pancreas of the treated group didn't show a significant change of the pancreatic tissue.

Syntheses, crystal structures and insulin mimetic activity of maltolato- and ethylmaltolato-coordinated oxidovanadium(V) complexes with N′-(3-ethoxy-2-hydroxybenzylidene)-3-methylbenzohydrazide

Two new oxidovanadium(V) complexes, [VOLL1] and [VOLL2], where L is the dianionic form of N′-(3-ethoxy-2-hydroxybenzylidene)-3-methylbenzohydrazide (H2L), L1 is maltolatel, and L2 is ethylmaltolate, have been prepared. Both H2L and the complexes have been characterized by elemental analysis, IR, UV–Vis and NMR spectra. The structures of the compounds were further confirmed by single crystal X-ray diffraction. The aroylhydrazone ligand coordinates to the V atoms through the phenolate oxygen, imino nitrogen and enolate oxygen. The maltolate and ethylmaltolate ligands coordinated to the V atoms through the carbonyl oxygen and deprotonated hydroxyl oxygen. The V atom in each complex is in octahedral coordination. The complexes were administered intragastrically to both normal and alloxan-diabetic mice. The biological activity results show that the complexes at doses of 10.0 and 20.0 mg V·kg−1, can significantly decrease the blood glucose level in alloxan-diabetic mice, but the blood glucose level in the treated normal mice was not altered.

Inhibitory effect of valproate sodium on pain behavior in diabetic mice involves suppression of spinal histone deacetylase 1 and inflammatory mediators

Anti-epileptic medications are included in the international guidelines for managing neuropathic pain. Valproate sodium (VPS) was recently described as “the forgotten analgesic” and has been reported to relief pain in various models of neuropathic pain. Some studies reported anti-inflammatory and histone deacetylase 1 (HDA1) inhibitory properties for sodium valproate. The aim of the current study was to investigate the modulatory effect of VPS on pain behavior and inflammatory reactions in alloxan-induced diabetic neuropathy focusing on HDA1 inhibition and glia reactivity. 28 Male Swiss albino mice were allocated into four groups, (1) vehicle group, (2) alloxan-diabetic group, (3 & 4) alloxan+VPS (25 or 50 mg/kg) groups. VPS was given daily for 5 weeks by oral gavage. Pain behavior demonstrated increased allodynia (von-Frey filaments) and hyperalgesia (hot-plate test) in alloxan-diabetic mice that was reduced significantly by at least one of VPS doses. Sciatic nerves in diabetic mice showed increased histopathology score, increased silver staining for the nerves-indicating myelopathy- and a decrease in immunostaining for nerve growth factor. Spinal cord of diabetic mice showed greater histopathologic score, increased CD11b and glia fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) immunostaining than vehicle treated mice. Molecular investigations highlighted greater content of spinal histone deacetylases, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interlukin-1β (IL1β) that were favorably modified by VPS. Overall, the current data confirmed that the pain killing and anti-inflammatory activity of VPS is at least partly mediated through inhibition of spinal HDA1 and glia reactivity. These findings support the view of inviting antiepileptics for treating neuropathies.

Application of butterfly Pea Leaves Extract on Diabetic Patient

Patients with Diabetes Mellitus have been expanding every year due to thepopulation growth, urbanization, aging, and increasing prevalence of obesity. Butterfly Pea Leaf (BPL) also known as Clitoria ternatea L. has been investigated for having anti hyperglycemic activity toward the blood glucose level of alloxan-diabetic mice. The present study was conducted to produce sachets containing powder product from BPL extract through spray-drying method in order to increase convenience of storage and distribution process. Maltodextrin become a parameter in spray-drying method. Based on preliminary research, the most suitable concentration of maltodextrin was 10%. Sachets from BPL extract were distributed to 10 diabetic patients from Puskesmas Pulo Armin, Bogor. All patients were treated by sachets from BPL extract for around five months. The treatment shows the decreasing level of blood glucose from diabetic patients as well as it could keep the blood glucose level remain stable in normal range without leading to hypoglycemia.

A manganese-salen complex as dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitor for the treatment of type 2 diabetes

A manganese Schiff base complex with N,N′-1,2-phenylenediamine-bis(salicyladimine) was synthesized and characterized by X-ray crystallography. This complex was administered intragastrically to alloxan-diabetic mice 3 weeks. In vivo tests showed that the complex significantly lowered serum glucose levels in alloxan-diabetic mice at doses of 77 mg V kg−1. Meanwhile, this complex was investigated as dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) inhibitor for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. The compound exhibit moderate inhibition against DPP-IV and possessed an IC50 value of 30 μM. Lineweaver–Burk transformation of the inhibition kinetics data demonstrated that it was a noncompetitive inhibitor of DPP-IV and Ki value was 136.3 μM. Moreover, molecular modeling studies suggested that the complex could fit well within the active-site cleft of DPP-IV. An acute toxicity study showed that animals treated intragastically with complex 1 at a dose of 5.0 g/kg did not show any significantly abnormal signs. These preliminary results suggest that the manganese Schiff base complex can induce a hypoglycemic effect in alloxan-diabetic mice.

Nrf2 activator corosolic acid meliorates alloxan induced diabetic nephropathy in mice

ObjectiveTo determine whether corosolic acid (CA) targeting nuclear protein expression of Nrf2 activation can be used to attenuate renal damage and preserve renal function in alloxan diabetic mice. MethodsA mouse model with diabetic nephropathy was established to examine the Nrf2 expression. Mice were randomly divided into control, diabetic control, and CA groups treated at 0.4 mg/kg, 2 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg p.o. for 8 weeks. Diabetes was induced in mice by single intraperitoneal injection of alloxan 200 mg/kg in all groups except the control. The mice with fasting blood glucose level over 200 mg/dL were considered as diabetic and were employed in the study. After 4th and 8th weeks, urine samples were collected (using metabolic cages) to measure protein and urea. Animals were euthanized, and serum samples were collected to estimate the glucose, creatinine, total protein, urea and blood urea nitrogen. Kidney was isolated at the end of experiment for histology to evaluate anti-oxidant parameters. Immunohistochemistry was performed to examine the Nrf2 expression. ResultsCA treatment showed dose dependent reduction in level of biochemical parameters in serum and urine. CA group (10 mg/kg) showed significantly higher body weight and reduced kidney weight. Histopathological examination revealed reduced inflammation, collagen deposition and glomerulosclerosis in renal tissue. CA attenuated renal dysfunction, oxidative stress and inflammatory pro-cytokine levels. ConclusionsCA treatment exhibited ameliorative effect on kidney in mice with its enhanced Nrf2 expression.

Synthesis and characterization of oxidovanadium complexes as enzyme inhibitors targeting dipeptidyl peptidase IV

Two oxidovanadium(IV) complexes carrying Schiff base ligands obtained from the condensation of 4,5-dichlorobenzene-1,2-diamine and salicylaldehyde derivatives were synthesised and characterised, including their X-ray crystallographic structures. They were evaluated as dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) inhibitors for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. These compounds were moderate inhibitors of DPP-IV, with IC50 values of ca. 40μM. In vivo tests showed that complexes 1 and 2 could lower significantly the level of glucose in the blood of alloxan-diabetic mice at doses of 22.5mgV·kg−1 and 29.6mgV·kg−1, respectively. Moreover, molecular modeling studies suggested that the oxidovanadium complexes 1 and 2 could fit well into the active-site cleft of the kinase domain of DPP-IV. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of vanadium complexes capable of inhibiting DPP-IV.

Vitamin D Modulates Hematological Parameters and Cell Migration into Peritoneal and Pulmonary Cavities in Alloxan-Diabetic Mice.

Background/Aims. The effects of cholecalciferol supplementation on the course of diabetes in humans and animals need to be better understood. Therefore, this study investigated the effect of short-term cholecalciferol supplementation on biochemical and hematological parameters in mice. Methods. Male diabetic (alloxan, 60 mg/kg i.v., 10 days) and nondiabetic mice were supplemented with cholecalciferol for seven days. The following parameters were determined: serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D, phosphorus, calcium, urea, creatinine, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, red blood cell count, white blood cell count (WBC), hematocrit, hemoglobin, differential cell counts of peritoneal lavage (PeL), and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluids and morphological analysis of lung, kidney, and liver tissues. Results. Relative to controls, cholecalciferol supplementation increased serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D, calcium, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and red blood cell counts and decreased leukocyte cell counts of PeL and BAL fluids in diabetic mice. Diabetic mice that were not treated with cholecalciferol had lower serum calcium and albumin levels and hemoglobin, WBC, and mononuclear blood cell counts and higher serum creatinine and urea levels than controls. Conclusion. Our results suggest that cholecalciferol supplementation improves the hematological parameters and reduces leukocyte migration into the PeL and BAL lavage of diabetic mice.

Synthesis, structures, and insulin-like activity of oxidovanadium(V) complexes derived from 2-chloro-N′-(3-ethoxy-2-hydroxybenzylidene)benzohydrazide

Three new oxidovanadium(V) complexes, [VOLL′] (L = 2-chloro-N′-(3-ethoxy-2hydroxybenzylidene)benzohydrazide, L′ = acetohydroxamate for 1, methylmaltolate for 2, and ethylmaltolate for 3), have been prepared. The complexes have been characterized by physicochemical methods and single-crystal X-ray determination. Vanadium in each complex is coordinated by the NOO donor set of L, the OO donor set of L′, and one oxido, forming octahedral coordination. The complexes were administered intragastrically to both normal and alloxan-diabetic mice for two weeks. The biological activities show that the complexes at doses of 10.0 and 20.0 mg V·kg−1 can significantly decrease the blood glucose level in alloxan-diabetic mice, but the blood glucose level in the treated normal mice was not altered.

Beta Cell Mass Restoration in Alloxan-Diabetic Mice Treated with EGF and Gastrin.

One week of treatment with EGF and gastrin (EGF/G) was shown to restore normoglycemia and to induce islet regeneration in mice treated with the diabetogenic agent alloxan. The mechanisms underlying this regeneration are not fully understood. We performed genetic lineage tracing experiments to evaluate the contribution of beta cell neogenesis in this model. One day after alloxan administration, mice received EGF/G treatment for one week. The treatment could not prevent the initial alloxan-induced beta cell mass destruction, however it did reverse glycemia to control levels within one day, suggesting improved peripheral glucose uptake. In vitro experiments with C2C12 cell line showed that EGF could stimulate glucose uptake with an efficacy comparable to that of insulin. Subsequently, EGF/G treatment stimulated a 3-fold increase in beta cell mass, which was partially driven by neogenesis and beta cell proliferation as assessed by beta cell lineage tracing and BrdU-labeling experiments, respectively. Acinar cell lineage tracing failed to show an important contribution of acinar cells to the newly formed beta cells. No appearance of transitional cells co-expressing insulin and glucagon, a hallmark for alpha-to-beta cell conversion, was found, suggesting that alpha cells did not significantly contribute to the regeneration. An important fraction of the beta cells significantly lost insulin positivity after alloxan administration, which was restored to normal after one week of EGF/G treatment. Alloxan-only mice showed more pronounced beta cell neogenesis and proliferation, even though beta cell mass remained significantly depleted, suggesting ongoing beta cell death in that group. After one week, macrophage infiltration was significantly reduced in EGF/G-treated group compared to the alloxan-only group. Our results suggest that EGF/G-induced beta cell regeneration in alloxan-diabetic mice is driven by beta cell neogenesis, proliferation and recovery of insulin. The glucose-lowering effect of the treatment might play an important role in the regeneration process.

Effect of Alcoholic Catechin Extract on Hyperglycemia, Hyperlipidemia and Liver Functions in Alloxan Diabetic Mice

The objective of this study is to estimate the effect of the hydro-ethanolic catechin extract toward blood glucose, lipid profile and liver functions in alloxan diabetic mice. 50 healthy mice (25-30 g) were divided into five groups of ten animals for each. Group A received normal saline as normal control group. To induce diabetes, alloxan (150 mg/kg), intraperitoneal (i.p.) single dose was injected to groups B, C, D and E. Group B represents diabetic control group. Groups C, D and E received ethanolic catechin extract (30 mg/kg and 40 mg/kg) for different periods of 1, 2 and 3 weeks as treated groups. Blood glucose, serum lipids [Total Cholesterol (TC), Triglycerides (TGs) and High Density Lipoproteins (HDL)], asparagine transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were estimated after one, two and three weeks. Group B showed a significant increase in blood glucose, TC, TGs, AST, ALT and ALP as compared to group A. Groups C, D, and E showed a significant decrease in mentioned serum biochemical parameters in comparison to group B. In contrast, groups C, D and E showed significant increase in serum HDL as compared to B group. The results clearly revealed that ethanolic catechin extract possesses significant antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic activities together with its ability to improve liver functions in alloxan diabetic mice.

Effect of Alcoholic Catechin Extract on Hyperglycemia, Hyperlipidemia and Liver Functions in Alloxan Diabetic Mice

The objective of this study is to estimate the effect of the hydro-ethanolic catechin extract toward blood glucose, lipid profile and liver functions in alloxan diabetic mice. 50 healthy mice (25-30 g) were divided into five groups of ten animals for each. Group A received normal saline as normal control group. To induce diabetes, alloxan (150 mg/kg), intraperitoneal (i.p.) single dose was injected to groups B, C, D and E. Group B represents diabetic control group. Groups C, D and E received ethanolic catechin extract (30 mg/kg and 40 mg/kg) for different periods of 1, 2 and 3 weeks as treated groups. Blood glucose, serum lipids [Total Cholesterol (TC), Triglycerides (TGs) and High Density Lipoproteins (HDL)], asparagine transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were estimated after one, two and three weeks. Group B showed a significant increase in blood glucose, TC, TGs, AST, ALT and ALP as compared to group A. Groups C, D, and E showed a significant decrease in mentioned serum biochemical parameters in comparison to group B. In contrast, groups C, D and E showed significant increase in serum HDL as compared to B group. The results clearly revealed that ethanolic catechin extract possesses significant antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic activities together with its ability to improve liver functions in alloxan diabetic mice.