Force Allocation Research Articles

The effect of the demographic situation on social problems in fergana valley

In the conditions of administrative command and centralized planned economy, the peculiarities of the former Soviet republics, including Uzbekistan, are not taken into account, the specific demographic situation in Uzbekistan, i.e. rapid population growth, gross mistakes in the allocation of productive forces, unilateral economic development the consequence was negatively reflected in the social life of the population.

РОЗМІЩЕННЯ ПРОДУКТИВНИХ СИЛ ЯК ОДИН З ІНСТРУМЕНТІВ СПРИЯННЯ ПОЛІТИЦІ СТАЛОГО РОЗВИТКУ РЕГІОНІВ

A systematization of approaches to the definition of «sustainable development» has been provided in this article. It has been concluded that there is no unambiguous definition of sustainable development. This term is interpreted by scholars from the standpoint of their own subjective judgments. The definition given in the national strategy of sustainable development of Ukraine until 2030 can be considered as the most acceptable. It has been noted that in the implementation of the concept of sustainable development, the regional (subnational) level should be the determining factor. This is due to the fact that the region is the subject of integration relations, where the goals of sustainable development are most adequate to its position in the system of management of the national economy and regional association. It has been noted that the implementation of sustainable development tasks at the regional level requires: development of socio-economic and environmental development programs; formation of local budgets taking into account the priority of goals and objectives of sustainable development; implementation of a set of measures for balanced development of regions. It has been determined that for further implementation of the concept of sustainable development in the regional dimension, it is necessary to develop a new methodology taking into account the effective allocation of productive forces. It has been emphasized that the deployment of productive forces is a tool to achieve effective implementation of the concept of sustainable development. A scheme to ensure sustainable development of the regions, taking into account the factors of the APF has been suggested by the authors. There are three main areas: development of sustainable development strategies for each region; the formation of local budgets taking into account the priorities and goals of sustainable development and the formation of an effective policy of the APF in the context of sustainable development. It has been noted that the last area is the main one and needs the most attention in the research process. It has been concluded that sustainable development in the region is possible through the development and implementation of regional strategies and programs of sustainable development, as well as in the development of coordinated regional development policy in the context of sustainable development and local budgets taking into account the priority of sustainable development.

Фіскальна безпека і децентралізація в умовах глобальних викликів і загроз

Trends in global financialization, as well as global shocks related to the COVID-19 pandemic, climate changes, intensification of the interstate economic and political competition for limited natural, energy, water, food and skilled human resources, including the global economic recession, political and financial instability negatively affect the state of the economy and public finances of Ukraine. Further strengthening country’s defense capabilities, as well as solving urgent problems in the areas of health, education and science, social and pension provision, and overcoming mass poverty are impossible without scientific substantiation, institutional support, alongside with a broad political, social and popular support for strategic priorities. restoration of economic growth, balancing public finances. Protecting fiscal security at the regional level aims to increase the resilience of the national economy. The authors of the article emphasize that the anti-crisis orientation of territorial redistribution of funds should take into account the requirements of the most rational allocation of productive forces, business promotion, resolving contradictions that arise in balancing budget revenues and constitutional social obligations. The processes of the decentralization of budgetary and tax relations should be accompanied by strengthening their social orientation. The priority of vital national interests is the ability of the state to ensure sustainable development of territories, economic entities, as well as compliance with modern standards of welfare. Improving change management due to the spread of the COVID-19 coronavirus disease requires strengthening the resistance to the unpredictable negative risks of unbalancing most areas of human activity in all aspects, from households to value chains of multinational companies. The formation of stable characteristics of the financial potential of regional development should take place along with the growth of fiscal activity of local governments.

Energy reduction by power loss minimisation through wheel torque allocation in electric vehicles: a simulation-based approach

ABSTRACT As vehicles become increasingly electrified, electrical machines for propulsion can be divided into many sources making the vehicle highly over-actuated. For over-actuated vehicles, the allocation of a propulsive force is an underdetermined process with respect to both the number of wheels and electrical machines. Hence, the allocation can be made to favour particular attributes such as energy consumption. In this study, a vehicle equipped with four identical electric motors with a fixed transmission ratio connected through a half-shaft and a coupling to one wheel respectively is driven a 2-h-long city cycle in the vicinity of Göteborg. Two different control allocation methods are presented to distribute torque momentaneously based on driver request while minimising power losses in electric motor and inverter as well as tyres. One method is a quadratic programming optimisation and the other is an offline exhaustive search method resulting in a look-up table based on requested torque and actual speed. The two methods are compared to other torque distribution strategies based on fixed distribution ratio and equal tyre-to-road friction utilisation. It was found that using the developed optimisation algorithms, a reduction of up to 3.9 in energy consumption can be obtained.

Study on the Effects of Agricultural Land Transfer on Agricultural Economic Growth

This study aims to examine the impact of agricultural land transfer on agricultural economic growth by using annual time series data of Guangxi province of China over the period of 2003 to 2015. we employed ARDL-bound test to test the long-run and short-run relationship between dependent and independent variables. The empirical results show that there is no significant short-term impact on agricultural economic development, and the coefficient is 0.0399. In the long run, agricultural land transfer has a significant impact on agricultural economic growth, with a coefficient of 0.1857. Agricultural land transfer restraining the drag effect of rural surplus labour force on agricultural economic growth and did not increase the output effect of agricultural machinery. Our findings conclude that the adjustment caused by the transfer of agricultural land is beneficial to the development of agricultural economy for a long time, and plays an important role in the allocation of agricultural labour force but not in agricultural capital investment.

10.4314/sajas.v40i5.65326

Udder health considerably affects the economics of dairy farming. There are different reasons for poor udder health; one of them is the milking technique. In earlier studies it was shown that automatic mil king systems (AMS) have advantages over conventional milking systems (CMS). Quarter individual milking and automation are therefore possibilities to improve t he milking process. Single tube guiding allows cont rolling each quarter individually to measure cell count or end the process according to the cows needs. This s tudy evaluates the effect of a single tube milking syste m used in a conventional milking parlour. Forces on the teats regarding different udder formations and vacu um behaviour were recorded. The investigated single tube milking system MultiLactor ® is produced by the company Siliconform GmbH, Turkheim, Germany. Balanced allocation of vertical force for all teats is important for proper and gentle milk withdrawal an d to maintain udder health. Measurements of force distributi on in AMS and MultiLactor ® systems proved their superiority to conventional milking clusters. Furthermore , all the other force directions were reduced to ne arly zero in AMS and MultiLactor ® . Higher adaptability to irregular udder formations i s also expected. In conclusion wrong positioning of the teat cups is expected to be solved by implementing clawless milking cluster s.

Optimal Force Allocation for Overconstrained Cable-Driven Parallel Robots: Continuously Differentiable Solutions With Assessment of Computational Efficiency

In this article, we present a novel method for force allocation for overconstrained cable-driven parallel robot setups that guarantees continuously differentiable cable forces and allows for small penalized errors in the resulting wrench. For the latter, we also provide a bound on the error under some assumptions. We study real-time feasibility by performing numerical simulations on a large set of configurations.

Exploratory Study on the Simulated Police Force Allocation of Shopping Mall Emergency Based on AnyLogic Platform

Due to the rapid development of society, public places, especially large shopping malls, are relatively frequent places for emergencies. Such emergencies not only seriously affect public security and property, but also bring great psychological pressure to citizens. Therefore, this study is of great significance for the exploration and study of public place emergencies.The research object of this study is the public shopping mall. Based on the AnyLogic simulation platform and guided by the relevant principles of social force model, this study utilize the pedestrian storehouse in the platform as the core module to build the simulation environment, and attempts to simulate the police force restraining effect on the overall event and the perpetrators after the occur of emergent incident under different police force allocations. In order to ensure the accuracy of the experimental data, the research team conducted field survey to estimate the average flow of people and the general data of the security personnel in shopping malls, also estimated the restrain and capture time after repeated experiments.The results indicate that increasing additional police force outside the shopping malls and pre-organizing reasonable patrol routes can obviously facilitate police officers to restrain perpetrators. Meanwhile, it is also clear that the Anylogic platform can effectively simulate pedestrian movement and interaction behaviour in emergencies.

Optimal Force Allocation and Position Control of Hybrid Pneumatic–Electric Linear Actuators

Hybrid pneumatic–electric actuators (HPEAs) are redundant actuators that combine the large force, low bandwidth characteristics of pneumatic actuators with the large bandwidth, small force characteristics of electric actuators. It has been shown that HPEAs can provide both accurate position control and high inherent safety, due to their low mechanical impedance, making them a suitable choice for driving the joints of assistive, collaborative, and service robots. If these characteristics are mathematically modeled, input allocation techniques can improve the HPEA’s performance by distributing the required input (force or torque) between the redundant actuators in accordance with each actuator’s advantages and limitations. In this paper, after developing a model for a HPEA-driven system, three novel model-predictive control (MPC) approaches are designed that solve the position tracking and input allocation problem using convex optimization. MPC is utilized since the input allocation can be embedded within the motion controller design as a single optimization problem. A fourth approach based on conventional linear controllers is included as a comparison benchmark. The first MPC approach uses a model that includes the dynamics of the payload and pneumatics; and performs the motion control using a single loop. The latter methods simplify the MPC law by separating the position and pressure controllers. Although the linear controller was the most computationally efficient, it was inferior to the MPC-based controllers in position tracking and force allocation performance. The third MPC-based controller design demonstrated the best position tracking with RMSE of 46%, 20%, and 55% smaller than the other three approaches. It also demonstrated sufficient speed for real-time operation.

Management Practices and Allocation of Employment: Evidence from Finnish Manufacturing

We analyse variation in the management practices across countries and across regions within a country. For cross-country comparisons we use the Finnish Management and Organizational Practices Survey (FMOP) to calculate a management score for Finnish manufacturing that is compared to corresponding measures obtained from similar data in the US and Germany. Scores measured by unweighted averages of the establishments in these countries show that Finland is only slightly behind the US and on par with those of Germany. With the FMOP data, we then perform an Olley-Pakes decomposition of the management score using a moment-based estimation procedure. Our decomposition shows no statistically significant differences in the unweighted average scores between Finnish regions, but reveal some significant differences in the employment weighted averages (i.e. aggregate scores) that can be attributed to the differences in the allocation of the labour force between establishments within regions.

Costly force relocation in the Colonel Blotto game

This paper examines a new extensive-form variation of the Colonel Blotto game with two distinct features: (i) in the first stage each player inherits an initial allocation of force across battlefields, which is publicly observable, and (ii) in the second stage it is costly to relocate forces across battlefields. A first-stage pair of allocations of force is said to be stable if there exists an equilibrium of the two-stage game in which neither player relocates any forces from one battlefield to another. We examine the set of stable initial allocations as a function of the implicit and explicit costs of relocating forces.

The load allocation along the loader axles depending on operating conditions

The article presents a kinematic analysis of a front bucket loader with a center pivot frame articulation. Due to the action of external loads, the values of reactions occurring on loader motor and loading axles are determined. The article contains the results of theoretical and experimental researches of the load allocation along the tractor axles on the basis of the cargo mass and the hoisting height. The dependencies of the force allocation along the loader axles are obtained according to the operating conditions.

Sore Spots in the Forest Restoration Management System (the Case of Irkutsk Region)

Forest conservation and restoration are the basis for stable ecological wellbeing and sustainable forestry. The article is dedicated to the issues of enhancement of efficiency of forest restoration in Russia in the case of Irkutsk Region. Sore spots in this area are revealed in terms of a forest restoration analysis. Forest conservation in the region is provided mainly due to the natural processes of forest stand regeneration. The main part of the regional fund for the restoration of forests is comprised of deforestation and burnt forest areas. Efficiency of forest restoration activities is determined not only by the area of artificial or natural (mixed) reforestation but also by the area of forest tending. The global experience shows the need for a switch to a different understanding of allocation of funds and forces when taking an optimal decision in the field of improving the quality of forest restoration. Sustainable forestry is possible only when combining activities of forest restoration and tending. An increase in tending young-growth stand will significantly increase not only its survival capacity but also its quality. Furthermore, the author considers the mechanisms of government control of forest restoration including the national project «Forest Conservation» and the federal law of July 19, 2018 № 212-FL.

Perencanaan Strategis Penyebaran Tenaga Penjualan Menggunakan Program Dinamik (Studi Kasus: Sentra Kerupuk Lempeng “ABC”)

Abstract— In making a sale of a product offline usually requires a sales force to market the product to various regions. But in the utilization of sales force, sometimes there are still many who do not plan how to deploy / allocate existing sales force to obtain optimal / maximum and efficient results. Of the various ways, one of the choices of ways that can be used is dynamic programming / programming which is a solution approach, where the method can be used to help provide planning in distributing sales force deployments to several regions, so simply this dynamic program can provide solutions in the problem of distributing the sales force that is done manually by by detailing the problem and solving it in stages. In the case of the distribution of sales force from the "ABC" Plate Crackers Center to several sales areas, the results are obtained for the allocation of sales force to 3 regions (sub-districts) with the result of 0 salespeople for the region (sub-district) 2, 0 salespeople for the region (sub-district) 3, and 3 salespeople for the region (sub-district) 1 in order to obtain maximum / optimal sales results. Keywords—: Sales force; Dynamic Program; Plate crackers.

Dynamic Cooperative Transportation Control Using Friction Forces of n Multi-Rotor Unmanned Aerial Vehicles

We address a cooperative transport control problem involving three or more unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). We realize the transportation of an object that cannot be carried with a small number of UAVs. To improve scalability and real-time performance, we propose a controller that does not require optimization calculations. The attitude and position of the transported object are controlled by contact forces with the UAVs. The control system comprises two steps in which (1) a force is allocated to each UAV and (2) UAVs realize the force allocation using a decentralized disturbance observer-based controller. A friction cone constraint related to static friction is considered using the redundant degree of freedom in the force allocation. The effectiveness of the controller is verified in numerical simulations.

Land capital in agriculture: peculiarities of assessment and formation

У статті визначено, що земельні ресурси є не тільки базисом для розміщення виробничих сил та основним засобом виробництва в сільському господарстві, а й виступають ефективним елементом інвестиційного капіталу аграрних підприємств – земельним капіталом. Визначено, що в існуючих інституціональних умовах земельні ресурси не створюють капіталу в аграрному виробництві, що потребує обґрунтування механізмів залучення їх в економічний обіг з метою інвестиційного забезпечення аграрного сектора економіки. Це підвищує значущість розвитку теоретико-методичних засад оцінки та формування земельного капіталу в сільському господарстві України. Встановлено, що одним з ключових чинників капіталізації земель сільськогосподарського призначення є їх об’єктивна оцінка, що відповідає нинішнім умовам господарювання та розкриває їх як джерело капіталізованих доходів. На підставі проведених досліджень взаємозв’язків орендних платежів та нормативної оцінки земель виявлена неспівставність цих показників в більшості регіонів України. Як результат, доведена необ’єктивність застосування нормативної грошової оцінки для визначення вартості земельного капіталу. Визначено, що одним із шляхів оцінки та формування земельного капіталу в сільському господарстві, в умовах інституційно обмеженого режиму дії закону попиту і пропозиції, є капіталізація орендованих земель. При цьому вартість земельного капіталу можна розрахувати, як добуток середньорічної орендної плати за землю і терміну його капіталізації. Перспективним напрямом досліджень в контексті проведеного аналізу є обґрунтування процесу зарахування сільськогосподарських земель на баланс підприємства за вартістю капіталізованих орендних платежів.

ТЕОРЕТИКО-МЕТОДОЛОГІЧНІ АСПЕКТИ ВІДТВОРЕННЯ ПРОДУКТИВНИХ СИЛ В УМОВАХ ЄВРОІНТЕГРАЦІЇ

The article summarizes the scientific material on the topic, substantiates the idea that the decisive condition for economic and social growth of the country is the reproduction of productive forces, the territorial features, condition and nature of which depend on the modern development of all regions of Ukraine. The categorical and meaningful characteristic of the concept of «productive forces» is understood, by which we understand the totality of human, material and other force elements, with their inherent forming effect, which are involved in the production of means, maintenance of the conditions of human existence, social progress and self-reproductive capacity of nature, and social community, but taking into account the principle of improving the environmental situation, which will require the greening of consciousness, legislation, management. The principles of allocation of productive forces are given, among them: rational and complex placement of production, balance and proportionality of distribution of production, domestic and international division of labor, limited centralism. It is proved that the process of globalization of the world economy creates the need for European integration of Ukraine, which, in turn, will contribute to radical transformations in the way of increasing the level of socio-economic development of a democratic state and the restoration of productive forces through the restoration of all factors of production.

Information technology for developing a knowledge base for automated solution of problems in the process of planning and organization of an air strike on anyone’s objects

The article proposes an information technology for the development of a knowledge base for the automated solution of problems in the planning and organization of an air strike against enemy targets, using fuzzy sets and fuzzy logic. A formal presentation of information technology was performed using the IDEF0 functional modeling methodology. The use of a single hardware and software platform in the form of a set of standard platforms and unique architectural layers corresponding to the studied subject area will provide full control over the fuzzy neural network and achieve their benefits through the use of training and will increase the efficiency and validity of decision making. In the process of assessing the situation and making a decision, the commander seeks to present (predict) the dynamics of the future battle. This is necessary in order to develop an optimal plan of action, a reasonable allocation of forces and resources, as well as to determine measures for the rational implementation of the combat mission. The difficulties associated with planning the actions of aviation units for various tactical purposes are most evident in the operations of inflicting damage on enemy ground targets. The task of defeating which is one of the main for strike aircraft. The ground target is an extremely complex and multifunctional dynamic system that combines objects that solve various functional tasks. Planning of actions of aviation forces and means when striking ground targets requires the development of an optimal (in terms of the accepted criterion of optimality) scenario of their application, which provides for spatial and temporal coordination of aircraft from the aviation group. The most complete such coordination can be ensured through the use of a set of models that most adequately describe the space-time state of all aircraft, conditions and results of the use of aircraft.

Labor Force Allocation of Small-scale Fisheries and Regional Conditions

Labor Force Allocation of Small-scale Fisheries and Regional Conditions

Lower extremity joints and their contributions to whole limb extension

ABSTRACT Lower extremity multi-joint strength curves tend not to evaluate individual joint contributions to endpoint force in maximum effort isometric whole limb extension. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to measure the contribution of the hip, knee, and ankle to vertical ground reaction force in maximum effort isometric whole limb extension at various postures. An effect of posture on the contributions of the hip, knee, and ankle to vertical ground reaction force was found (F(3,96) = 85.31, p < 0.0001; F(3,96) = 21.32, p < 0.0001; F(3,96) = 130.61, p < 0.0001 for the hip, knee, and ankle, respectively). The hip and knee contributed most to vertical endpoint force when the lower limb was in a flexed posture, and their contributions decreased when posture was extended. Conversely, the ankle contributed least when the limb was flexed, but its contribution increased as posture was changed from flexed to more extended. In comparison to recent research involving induced acceleration analysis, it appears that the hip, knee, and ankle utilize the same force allocation strategy in multi-joint maximum effort isometric leg extensions and activities of daily living.