Allocation Of Financial Resources Research Articles

20 years of herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) research in low-income and middle-income countries: systematic evaluation of progress made in addressing WHO priorities for research in HSV-2/HIV interactions, HSV-2 control and mathematical modelling

IntroductionReviewing and updating research priorities is essential to assess progress and to ensure optimal allocation of financial and human resources in research. In 2001, WHO held a research priority setting...

Implementation of School-Based Management of School Administrators and Teachers-Directed Instructional Practices in Selected Public Schools in Rizal

This study investigates the level of implementation of School-Based Management (SBM) practices among school administrators and evaluates the instructional practices of teachers. The research was conducted using a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative data from surveys and qualitative insights from interviews. The respondents included school administrators and teachers from various educational institutions. The study's findings reveal that the implementation of SBM practices is highly effective, with curriculum and instructional management, human resource management, financial planning and budgeting, facilities management, and community engagement all being rated as highly implemented. The overall mean score for SBM implementation was 3.688, indicating a strong adherence to SBM principles across the board. The highest-rated individual practices included the provision of professional development opportunities, efficient financial resource allocation, and the establishment of clear safety protocols. In assessing instructional practices, teachers reported a high level of practice in areas such as dissemination of content, procedural instruction, practice and repetition, teacher monitoring and assistance, and focus on procedural fluency. The overall mean score for instructional practices was 3.608, highlighting a generally effective teaching environment. However, performance orientation was identified as an area needing improvement, with a mean score of 3.380. The study also explored differences in SBM implementation and instructional practices based on demographic variables such as sex, age, years in service, and highest educational attainment. The results indicated no significant differences in SBM implementation across these variables, suggesting consistent application of SBM practices. However, there were notable differences in instructional practices based on years in service and highest educational attainment, with less experienced teachers and those with bachelor's degrees placing greater emphasis on procedural fluency. The study concludes with a comprehensive SBM Educational Model designed to enhance school management and instructional practices. The model integrates the highest-ranked indicators from the study, emphasizing continuous improvement, professional development, community engagement, and effective resource management. This model provides a structured framework for schools to implement SBM practices more effectively, ultimately leading to improved educational outcomes for students.

A Strategic Approach to Sustainable Wastewater Management and Reuse in Saudi Arabia

A Strategic Approach to Sustainable Wastewater Management and Reuse in Saudi Arabia

Optimal allocation of financial resources for ensuring reliable resilience in binary-state network infrastructure

In the dynamic landscape of network infrastructures, safeguarding resilience in binary-state systems has emerged as a focal point. This study delves into optimal financial resource allocation strategies to ensure that binary-state networks exhibit consistent and dependable recovery capabilities in the face of adversities, while satisfying the required reliability. Through a comprehensive exploration, we underscore the significance of resilience that is not only robust but also reliable and capable of surviving consecutive breakdowns. By zeroing in on binary-state networks, typified by their components exhibiting either operational or non-operational states, we elucidate strategic measures to fortify their intrinsic recovery mechanisms. Our research introduces a pioneering perspective on the imperative of astute resource distribution to achieve unyielding and trustworthy recovery processes amidst network disturbances. Furthermore, we present an innovative algorithm grounded in the binary-addition-tree algorithm (BAT) and stepwise vectors to adeptly address the problem. This study contributes to the discourse on reliable resilience, a novel form of resilience that enables a system to repeatedly recover from a series of unexpected failures, all within a limited and fixed recovery budget, while maintaining a required reliability and consistency in performance.

Population based assessment of HER-2 and PD-L1 positivity in gastric and gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinomas in a Canadian population.

e16038 Background: Current standard of care for advanced gastric and gastroesophageal cancers combines systemic chemotherapy with either human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2) or programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) targeting therapy. New data is emerging that for patients whose tumours are positive for both HER-2 overexpression and have a PD-L1 combined positive score (CPS) >1%, combining all three treatment modalities results in superior outcomes. There is limited international data, and no Canadian data, exploring the frequency of patients who have tumours that are both HER-2 and PD-L1 positive who will be eligible for this novel treatment approach. Objective: To determine the proportion of patients in Nova Scotia with HER-2 positive gastric and GEJ adenocarcinomas who have a PD-L1 CPS score above established clinical thresholds. Methods: A retrospective review of PD-L1 and HER-2 status for all patients diagnosed with gastric and GEJ adenocarcinomas in Nova Scotia between June 3, 2022 and August 13, 2023 was completed. PD-L1 CPS was evaluated using the 28-8 assay and was considered positive if >1%. HER-2 overexpression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry and in cases with equivocal expression, status was based on fluorescence in situ hybridization. Results: Over the study period, 56 cases of gastric and 42 cases of GEJ adenocarcinoma were identified for a total of 98 cases. The median age of the study population was 73 years (range 38 - 91). 73 patients (74%) were male and 25 patients (26%) were female. HER-2 expression was evaluated in 92 cases, and PD-L1 CPS was evaluated in 95 cases. 19 cases (21%) were HER-2 positive and 86 cases (91%) were PD-L1 positive. 17 HER-2 positive cases were also PD-L1 positive (89%). Conclusions: This study provides population level data in a Canadian context on patients with gastric and GEJ adenocarcinoma with respect to HER-2 overexpression and PD-L1 status. This data will be helpful in planning allocation of clinical and financial resources as a new standard of care for these patients is established.

Innovative Costing Methodology for Strategic Financial Planning and Resource Allocation: Navigating Budgetary Constraints to Drive Sustainable Growth and Business Leadership

Innovative Costing Methodology for Strategic Financial Planning and Resource Allocation: Navigating Budgetary Constraints to Drive Sustainable Growth and Business Leadership

Digital carbon neutrality: evidence of carbon emission reduction based on digital inclusive finance.

As a powerful engine for economic reform and curbing carbon emissions, digital inclusive finance provides solid support for achieving the goal of digital carbon neutrality. This study reveals the positive effect of digital inclusive finance on carbon emission reduction and the deeper reasons behind it by digging deeper into the panel data of 213 cities in China. The study adopts advanced empirical analysis methods to rigorously test the association between digital inclusive finance and carbon emissions. The results show that there is a strong positive correlation between the booming development of digital inclusive finance and the significant decline in carbon emissions. This finding remains solid after several rounds of robustness tests, which fully proves the reliability of the research results. Further mechanism analysis reveals the multiple paths of digital financial inclusion on carbon emission reduction. First, it promotes the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure by optimizing the allocation of financial resources, thus reducing the proportion of high-carbon emission industries. Second, digital inclusive finance attracts more foreign capital inflows and introduces advanced low-carbon technologies and management experience, further promoting the development of low-carbon economy. In addition, the study also found that the differences between different cities in terms of geographic location and city size have a significant impact on the carbon emission reduction effect of digital inclusive finance. In particular, the carbon emission reduction effect of digital inclusive finance is particularly significant in western regions, central cities, and first-tier cities. In response to these findings, this paper proposes a series of targeted policy recommendations. First, the financial service system should be further optimized to increase the coverage and penetration of digital inclusive finance, especially in less developed regions and small- and medium-sized cities. Second, regional policy synergies should be strengthened to form a strong synergy to promote the development of a low-carbon economy. In addition, it should guide capital flows to low-carbon industries and encourage enterprises to increase green technology research and development and application, while actively promoting low-carbon consumption concepts and guiding consumers to form green consumption habits. Through the implementation of these measures, it is expected that the potential of digital inclusive finance in the development of a low-carbon economy will be further stimulated, making a greater contribution to the realization of the goals of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality.

Research on the economic agents' green co-evolution of China: Framework, model, and application

Based on the idea of green coordinated development and green co-evolution, the system of green co-evolution composed of government, financial institutions, enterprises, and the public is constructed, using Functional Data Analysis combined with CRITIC weighting, Dagum Gini coefficient and Kernel density estimation to measure the green co-evolution level (GCEL) and the regional disparity based on data of 31 provinces and 992 enterprises from 2010 to 2021, it finds: (1) At the turning point of 2015, the GCEL has been from declining to rising, and the poor performance of enterprises and the public is main factors. (2) The GCEL of regions shows a distinct non-balanced development trend, with the middle- and low-level provinces accounting for the largest proportion. Moreover, the rising of Gini coefficient means that provincial synergy is weaker. (3) Since 2012, the disparity between eight comprehensive economic zones has increased, mainly due to the polarization of the performance of the main players, such as the rising gap in the allocation of government and financial resources. Regional differences have always been dominant, with the largest disparity between Northwest China and the three coastal economic zones. (4) The total distribution tends to converge to lower level, but has no significant convergence. From the perspective of green co-evolution, this paper measures the green co-evolution level, temporal and spatial evolution, and regional disparities, providing a reference for promoting regional green coordination and sustainable development.

Re‐examining the effect of heat and water stress on agricultural output growth: How is Sub‐Saharan Africa different?

AbstractWe examine the impact of climate driven heat and water stress on aggregate crop production growth, paying particular attention to the Sub‐Saharan Africa (SSA) region as opposed to studies with a global or Non SSA focus. Using gridded data on temperature and precipitation, which is crop weighted and averaged to the national level, we generate measures of stressors that capture average temperature and precipitation shocks, and extreme punctuated events like dry spells and heat waves for 38 countries in Sub Saharan Africa between 1979 and 2016. We find in general that compared to estimates with a global or non SSA focus, the detrimental effect of increased annual temperature has been overstated, while the damage caused by shorter‐term extremes like dry spells and heat waves has been understated. This implies that region specific analysis is key in developing a more comprehensive understanding of climate change. Such analyses are pivotal for climate policy development allowing for more spatially efficient allocation of limited financial resources, and greater accuracy in estimating adaptation effects.

Weight-restricted approach on constant returns to scale DEA models: Efficiency of internet banking in Turkey

The performance measurement of decision-making units (DMUs) can be optimised by strategically choosing the optimal input and output weights. This approach circumvents the potential complexities associated with establishing a common basis for ranking homogeneous units and managing the results from multiple efficient frontiers. Efficient frontier ranking is simplified by limiting the weights based on the intrinsic or technical connections between relevant inputs and outputs. It also creates a coherent framework that coordinates various considerations across all under-evaluated DMUs and variables. This method effectively examines the complexities related to the inputs and outputs of homogeneous units using conventional data envelopment analysis (DEA) models to evaluate the efficiency of these units.In the banking sector, the relationship between inputs and outputs is complex. This complexity requires careful attention, particularly in cases where the existence of one input or output is conditional on the existence of another. This dynamic is accentuated by the integration of advanced fintech solutions, which inherently provide significant benefits to banking operations. The use of appropriate analytical models for banking data is important. The synergy between advanced financial technologies and analytical methods has reached its peak in reducing losses and strengthening profits. This, in turn, facilitates the optimal allocation of financial resources to growth-oriented projects.The empirical application of weight-restricted DEA models to Turkey's mobile-internet-banking sector underscores their efficacy. These modified models contrast with the standard DEA versions, which often encounter challenges stemming from the allocation of weights to pivotal variables. This study demonstrates the tangible benefits of our approach and its potential to revolutionise the efficiency assessment landscape in the banking sector.The proposed unconventional model which is applied to Turkish Internet banking for the period extending from 2006 to 2018 and which takes a comprehensive weight restriction approach to DEA and encompasses all relevant input and output variables, resulted in strictly positive weights and a reduced count of inflated efficient units along with their scores. This is practically beneficent to banking sector in so far as it facilitates decision-making and related economic and financial planning, and as it proves to be a reliable benchmark by local or international banks intending to provide or develop Internet banking services.

Design of information management model based on multiobjective optimization algorithm in intelligent electric financial system

The electric power infrastructure is the cornerstone of contemporary society’s sustenance and advancement. Within the intelligent electric power financial system, substantial inefficiency and waste in information management persist, leading to an escalating depletion of resources. Addressing diverse objectives encompassing economic, environmental, and societal concerns within the power system helps the study to undertake a comprehensive, integrated optimal design and operational scheduling based on a multiobjective optimization algorithm. This article centers on optimizing the power financial system by considering fuel cost, active network loss, and voltage quality as primary objectives. A mathematical model encapsulates these objectives, integrating equations and inequality constraints and subsequently introducing enhancements to the differential evolutionary algorithm. Adaptive variation and dynamic crossover factors within crossover, variation, and selection operations are integrated to optimize algorithm parameters, specifically catering to the multiobjective optimization of the electric power system. An adaptive grid method and cyclic crowding degree ensure population diversity and control the Pareto front distribution. They experimentally validated the approach and the comparisons conducted against AG-MOPSO, INSGA-II, and NSDE algorithms across standard test functions: ZDT1, ZDT2, ZDT3, and DTLZ4. The convergence evaluation indices for this study’s scheme on ZDT1 and ZDT2 are 0.000938 and 0.0034, respectively. Additionally, distribution evaluation indices on ZDT1, ZDT2, ZDT3, and ZDT4 stand at 0.0018, 0.0026, 0.0027, and 0.0009, respectively. These indices indicate a robust convergence and distribution, facilitating the optimization of electric power financial information management and the intelligent handling of the electric power financial system’s information, thereby enhancing the allocation of material and financial resources.

Corruption in Formal Adult Education in Nigeria: Implications for Sustainable National Development

This position paper took a cursory view of corruption, examined adult education, assessed corruption in formal adult education and highlighted the implications for sustainable national development in Nigeria. The paper concluded that concerted efforts must be put in place in order to curb the menace of corruption in adult education. Adult education is the poorest sector in education in terms of allocation of financial resources. Government allocates meagre financial resources annually to adult education organizations, yet corrupt financial practices are perpetrated by the operators of adult education institutions in Nigeria. There is equally the challenge of cheating in examination and examination malpractice. These have stifled the developmental needs of the country to be provided by adult education. It was suggested that the EFCC and ICPC should beam their searchlight on adult education sector of education with a view to recovering stolen funds arresting and prosecuting offenders of embezzlement and misappropriation of education funds; adult learners found guilty of corrupt practices should have their admission revoked; adult educators found guilty of the monetary extortion should be relieved of their jobs; and government should make it as a point of duty to allocate 3% of her education budget to adult education annually.

Research on Financial Resources and Private Enterprises in the Eastern Region

The realisation of high-quality development is largely dependent on private enterprises, which are a driving force behind China's comprehensive revitalisation in the new era. Meanwhile, efficient financial resource allocation can enhance capital use efficiency and encourage the reorganization of the industrial structure. The financial sector allocates financial resources in a fair and efficient manner to promote economic growth and enhance the environment for that growth. A "Matthew effect" shows up in the relationship between financial resources and private enterprises in China's eastern coastal region, where large state-owned enterprises and small and medium-sized private enterprises are impacted by the emergence of talent, capital, technology, and other unbalanced phenomena. The article demonstrates this relationship between financial resources and private enterprises, based on almost a decade of empirical research in the city panel data. Banks, securities, insurance, and other industries are deployed reasonably to facilitate the development of the social economy during the period when more financial resources flow to private enterprises, as well as to ensure the stability and advancement of society. This is done in order to further enhance the efficiency of financial resource allocation in the eastern coastal region and promote the efficient development of private enterprises.

Study on the Impact of Digital Inclusive Finance on Urban and Rural Residents' Entrepreneurship

Based on the number of newly registered enterprises each year as a measure of the level of entrepreneurship among urban and rural residents, this study empirically examines the impact of digital inclusive finance on entrepreneurial activities based on panel data from 31 provinces across the country and digital inclusive finance indices from 2011 to 2020. The findings reveal that digital inclusive finance significantly promotes entrepreneurial activities overall. In terms of specific indicators, this promotion effect is primarily driven by the dimensions of coverage breadth and usage depth. When dividing the total sample into four regions: East, Central, West, and Northeast, the study further explores the impact of digital inclusive finance on entrepreneurial behavior in urban and rural areas and across different regions. Therefore, it is recommended to accelerate the development and construction of digital inclusive finance, strengthen the establishment of comprehensive digital infrastructure, and promote the deep integration of digital inclusive finance with traditional industries. This will optimize the allocation of financial resources while also achieving industrial structure optimization and upgrading.

How does green finance promote renewable energy technology innovation? A quasi-natural experiment perspective

The importance of green finance policies, particularly in the realm of innovation in renewable energy technologies, should not be overlooked while assessing the advancement of renewable energy development in China. The objective of this study is to investigate the impact of green finance reform initiatives on the promotion of renewable energy technology innovation (RETI) within cities of China. To accomplish this objective, this study employs the 2017 Green Finance Reform and Innovation Pilot Zones (GFRIPZ) policy as a quasi-natural experiment. A difference-in-differences (DID) model is employed to construct the study framework. The research findings highlight that the implementation of pilot zones has resulted in a substantial and favorable influence on RETI. Moreover, the observable effectiveness of this phenomenon in fostering RETI is predominantly observed in the eastern region of China, small-scale cities, and locations characterized by stringent environmental restrictions. Additionally, our findings demonstrate that this particular policy has an indirect impact on promoting RETI. This is achieved through the improvement of the allocation of financial resources dedicated to green initiatives. These insights offer valuable guidance for policymakers aiming to promote sustainable energy innovation and green development.

A networking-economic model to enhance the cultural value in small towns

Purpose The paper aims to provide a decision-support model to ensure a proper use of the limited resources, financial and not, for the enhancement of the cultural heritage and comprehensive development of small towns from sustainable perspective.Design/methodology/approach The assessment model is set up using a multi-criteria method that combines elements of linear planning with a performance indicators system that may represent the complexity of the territory’s cultural identity as a result of existing cultural-historical assets.Findings The model reliability is tested in a case study in a Municipality in southern Italy. The case study’s findings highlight the advantages for the public/private operators, who can consciously choose which preservation and restoration projects to fund while taking into account the effects those decisions will have on the economic, social and environmental context of reference.Research limitations/implications Due to the suggested operational approach and the selection of variables for accounting economic, social and environmental impacts by the renewal project, the research findings may not be generalizable. Therefore, it is recommended that researchers look into the suggested theories in more detail.Practical implications The study offers implications for designing a user-friendly tool to help decision-making processes from a private–public viewpoint in a reasonable allocation of financial resources among investments for cultural property asset enhancement.Originality/value The suggested operational approach provides a reliable information apparatus to depict the decision-making process under small-town development in accordance with sustainability dimensions.

The Role of Government Spending in Developing the Productive Capacity of The Iraqi Economy

The research seeks to demonstrate the impact of government spending on the productive capacity of the Iraqi economy, as the continuous increase in the volume of public spending and the adoption of the planned deficit method in the budgets of various years must reflect positively on the productive capacity of the country, so the relationship between the two variables was estimated according to the autoregressive distributed lag model ( ARDL) as it shows the relationship in the short and long terms and for the period 2004-2022, and among the results obtained is that current spending has a negative impact on the productive capacity index. This means that current spending is unproductive within its vicious circle, that is, money leaks out without generating economic returns for the country. Investment spending has a positive impact on the productive capacity index, as the average investment spending during the research period amounted to approximately (20%) of government spending, which is a very low percentage that was reflected in the weakness of the investment-based structures of the Iraqi economy, and this is what made the productive capacity index of the Iraqi economy It records a low percentage, reaching its best levels (35%), and this is consistent with the weak allocation of financial resources in investment aspects. What supports the analysis is the relationship test, which shows us that investment spending has a positive and significant effect on production capacity, but its parameter reached (0.07), which is a very low percentage. It has almost no effect. However, if a large percentage of financial resources were directed towards investment areas, this would develop projects, increase their ability to produce and productivity, and achieve high rates of GDP growth.
 Therefore, the research recommends the necessity of directing government spending towards productive sectors in order to improve production capabilities and achieve sustainable development comparable to developed countries, as well as periodically monitoring and evaluating the extent of the productivity of public spending in various economic sectors in order to make it more effective.

The performance of green bond portfolios under climate uncertainty: A comparative analysis with conventional and black bond portfolios

Green bonds represent an important financial instrument for the allocation of financial resources towards a more climate-friendly and sustainable economy. This research evaluates and compares the financial performance of portfolios of green bonds, conventional bonds and black bonds issued on the international market. Overall, bond portfolios perform similarly to each other and to the benchmark. The results also show that black bond portfolios bear more default risk and are more sensitive to the equity market than other bond portfolios. We further analyze the conditional effect of climate risk and find evidence of time-varying bond portfolio performance according to climate policy uncertainty. Although green bond portfolios underperform in times of lower uncertainty, they significantly improve their performance and even outperform their matched black bond counterparts when concerns surrounding climate risk rise.

CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF STOCK FROM AN OPTIMAL PORTFOLIO PERSPECTIVE

This study aims to conduct a comprehensive evaluation of the shares of Islamic banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the period 2020 to 2022, focusing on the optimal portfolio perspective. The method used in this research is a descriptive quantitative approach. The population studied was all Islamic banking companies listed on the IDX during the period mentioned. The sample was selected using purposive sampling technique, with certain criteria to select Islamic banking companies listed on the IDX during the period 2020 to 2022. As a result, three stocks were selected as samples of this study. This study uses a single index model to analyze the data. The results of the analysis showed that of the three stocks sampled, none met the criteria to be included in the optimal portfolio. These stocks are considered not meeting the standards set because the expected return value is smaller than the systematic risk value. Nonetheless, these findings provide valuable insights into the performance of stocks of Islamic banking companies on the IDX during the study period. In addition, it also highlights the importance of conducting periodic portfolio evaluations to identify potential changes in stock performance and optimize the allocation of financial resources. This study makes an important contribution to the understanding of optimal investment strategies in the context of Islamic banking companies in the Indonesian capital market.

The Influence of Financial Agglomeration on Regional Economic Growth: A Case Study of Northern Anhui Province

This study takes the northern Anhui region of China as an example to explore the impact of financial agglomeration on regional economic growth. By reviewing and summarizing the existing literature, this paper expounds the concept, connotation and characteristics of financial agglomeration, as well as the relationship between financial agglomeration and regional economic growth. Through in-depth investigation and analysis of the development of the financial industry in northern Anhui, this paper studies the characteristics and influencing factors of the phenomenon of financial agglomeration. Using the method of empirical research, this paper analyzes the specific role and degree of influence of financial agglomeration on economic growth in northern Anhui province, and discusses the key factors affecting the relationship between financial agglomeration and regional economic growth. This paper summarizes the research findings and puts forward relevant policy suggestions and development strategies to promote the development of financial agglomeration, optimize the allocation of financial resources and promote regional economic growth in northern Anhui. The purpose of this study is to provide useful reference for relevant policy makers and financial institutions, and promote the sustainable and healthy economic development in northern Anhui.