Allium Cepa Extract Research Articles

Physicochemical Characteristics and Stability Assessment of A Topical Formulation Comprising Allium cepa and Quercetin for Cutaneous Scar Management

The 12% Allium cepa extract topical formulation, with proven clinical benefits, targets improved surgical scar appearance. This study aims to comprehensively assess the physicochemical characteristics and stability of a scar-reducing formulation (15% Allium cepa-micellar extract, 0.01% quercetin). In vitro-release and skin permeation studies were conducted, alongside FTIR and DSC analyses to elucidate the skin permeation mechanism. Quercetin remaining at 25 and 40 °C ranged from 99 to 100% (day 60) and 101 to 104% (day 90), while antioxidant activity (53-65%, day 90) remained comparable to the standard quercetin (84.70% at 40 μg/mL). In the context of in vitro quercetin release, the performances were ranked as shallot-micellar extract > scar-reducing formulation plus shallot-micellar extract > scar-reducing formulation, with no significant differences observed (P < 0.05). Importantly, scar-reducing formulation plus shallot-micellar extract and shallot-micellar extract showed a significant difference (P < 0.05) compared to shallot-water extract and the commercial product. The treated skin showed minor changes in the microstructure compared to untreated skin, indicating a gentle formulation, as observed in the FT-IR spectra and DSC thermograms. The findings from skin permeation mechanism studies imply that the scar-reducing formulation may deposit on the skin surface with minor alterations to the skin microstructure. A crucial consideration for future investigations is a long-term stability assessment of at least 12 months at 30°C, following ASEAN guidelines. The scar-reducing formulation was stable at 25°C, without exceeding 40°C for 90 days. Storage at 4°C is not recommended due to the potential risk of decreased solubility and quercetin precipitation.

Polyherbal Antiacne Gel: In Vitro Antibacterial Activity and Efficacy Evaluation Against Cutibacterium acnes.

Acne is a common skin condition that affects people of all ages and can lead to significant physical and psychological distress. The first line of action against acne is topical products, though the most effective are topical antibiotics. In such a scenario, the development of effective and safe herbal formulations for the treatment of acne is of great importance. Rubia cordifolia, Aloe barbadensis, and Allium cepa extracts are rich sources of bioactive metabolites and are safe compared with antibiotics, in addition to being cost effective, sustainable, and eco-friendly. Also, their combination has not been studied for treating acne, and their potential benefits need to be investigated. The present study aimed to develop an effective polyherbal gel formulation of R. cordifolia, A. barbadensis, and A. cepa combined extract for treating acne and validate its effect with reference to conventional antibiotics. Plant materials were extracted in water by the reflux method, and phytochemical analysis was done for flavonoid, anthraquinone, and phenolic contents. The combined extract (R. cordifolia, A. barbadensis, and A. cepa extracts) was formulated in gel. The selected polyherbal gel was evaluated for in vitro antibacterial activity using agar well diffusion against Cutibacterium acnes (P. acnes) culture. Phytochemical analysis of the composite extract revealed the rich presence of flavonoids, phenolics, and anthraquinones. The polyherbal gels showed good physicochemical properties; however, FCEG-4 was selected for further studies. It was found to be effective against C. acnes (MTCC 1951) in agar well diffusion, as it showed a similar zone of inhibition as that of standard. Also, during invivo studies, FCEG-4 showed comparable efficacy with clindamycin gel. It was concluded from the study that composite extracts incorporated in an aqueous-based gel system were effective in topical therapy of mild acne vulgaris, showing similar efficacy to that of clindamycin cream.

Evaluation of ethanol extract of Allium cepa and fractions on haematological parameters in doxorubicin-induced Cardiotoxicity using Wistar rats

This research study evaluated the effects of Ethanol extract of Allium cepa (A. cepa) popularly known as Onions and its fractions on haematological parameters in doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity using Wistar rats. A total of 45 Wistar rats weighing between 150-200 g were recruited for this study. They were randomly divided into 9 groups of 5 animals each; as follows: Group 1: served as control and received 10 ml /kg/ body weight (b.w) per oral (p.o) of normal saline. Group II: received 3.5 mg / kg b.w intraperitoneal (i.p) of Doxorubicin (Dox). Group III: received 500 mg/kg/ b.w p.o of vitamin E plus Dox. Group IV: received 1000 mg/kg/ b.w of crude extract (C.E) of A. cepa plus Dox. Group V: received 1000 mg/kg b.w of n-Hexane fraction of A. cepa plus Dox. Group VI: received 1000 mg/kg b.w of dichloromethane (DCM) fraction of A. cepa plus Dox. Group VII received 1000 mg/kg b.w of ethyl acetate (E.A) fraction of A. cepa plus Dox. Group VIII: received 1000 mg/kg b.w of methanol (METH) fraction, and Group IX received Combinations of C.E of A. cepa + vitamin E and Dox respectively for 14days. Groups I and II treatments lasted for 14 days, while treatments for groups III-IX lasted for 16 days (making 14 days for respective treatments and additional 2 days for doxorubicin administered once 48 hourly before sacrificing. All substances in this study were administered orally except doxorubicin that was administered intraperitoneally. Haematology results obtained from this study showed Dox administration negatively altered full blood count; Red blood cell (RBC), White blood cell (WBC) and Platelets levels significantly (p<0.05). However, pre-treatment administration with Allium cepa showed significant (p<0.05) improvement of full blood count levels from the effects of singular administration of Dox. Injury to the myocardium was also observed on histological examination in the Dox treated group. Our findings indicate that haematological parameters RBC, WBC, Platelets could be useful diagnostic tools in prediction and evaluation of Cardiotoxicity. Haematology results obtained from this study showed Doxorubicin administration significantly altered (p<0.05) full blood count; Red blood cell (RBC), White blood cell (WBC) and Platelets levels. However, pre-treatment administration with Allium cepa showed significant (p<0.05) improvement of full blood count levels from the effects of singular administration of Doxorubicin. Injury to the myocardium was also observed on histological examination in the Doxorubicin treated group. Our findings indicate that haematological parameters RBC, WBC, Platelets could be useful diagnostic tools in prediction and evaluation of Cardiotoxicity.

Investigating the therapeutic potential of Allium cepa extract in combating pesticide exposure induced ocular damage

The ocular surface is subject to a range of potentially hazardous environmental factors and substances, owing to its anatomical location, sensitivity, and physiological makeup. Xenobiotic stress exerted by chronic pesticide exposure on the cornea is primarily responsible for ocular irritation, excessive tear production (hyper-lacrimation), corneal abrasions and decreased visual acuity. Traditional medicine hails the humble onion (Allium cepa) for its multi-faceted properties including but not limited to anti-microbial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and wound healing. However, there is a lacuna regarding its impact on the ocular surface.Thereby, the current study investigated whether topical application of crude extract of Allium cepa aided in mitigating pesticide-induced damage to the ocular surface. The deleterious effects of pesticide exposure and their mitigation through the topical application of herbal extract of Allium cepa were analysed initially through in vitro evaluation on cell lines and then on the ocular surface via various in-vivo and ex-vivo techniques. Pathophysiological alterations to the ocular surface that impacted vision were explored through detailed neurophysiological screening with special emphasis on visual acuity wherein it was observed that the murine group treated with topical application of Allium cepa extract had comparable visual capacity to the non-pesticide exposed group. Additionally, SOD2 was utilized as an oxidative stress marker along with the expression of cellular apoptotic markers such as Bcl-xL to analyse the impact of pesticide exposure and subsequent herbal intervention on oxidative stress-induced corneal damage. The impact on the corneal epithelial progenitor cell population (ABCG2 and TERT positive cells) was also flowcytometrically analysed. Therefore, from our observations, it can be postulated that the topical application of Allium cepa extract might serve as an effective strategy to alleviate pesticide exposure related ocular damage.

Analytical and Experimental study of Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) profiling of the dehydrated Allium sativum and Allium cepa extracts; a gateway to therapeutic drug development.

Practice of medicinal plants for the treatment of various ailments is a history for several decades. Occurrence of active compounds in these plants makes it significant in the era of modern medicine. Garlic and onion a monocotyledonous bulbous flowering plant belonging to the genus Allium has an extensive tradition for being used as anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-hyperepidemic, anti-diabetic, anti-bacterial, neuroprotective agent against various disorders. Modern day synthetic formulations have reduced efficacy and rendered with side effects that channelled the exploration for alternate source in plants for dealing with various disorders. The present study aims to explore the bioactive compounds present in Allium sativum (Garlic) and Allium cepa (Red Onion). Garlic and onion powder was soaked in Methanol, filtered, and concentrated in a vacuum in a rotary evaporator. Fractionation was carried out.LC-MS analysis of aqueous fraction was performed using a Waters Mass Q-TOF Mass Spectrometer with diode array detector. LC-MS analysis revealed the occurrence of 200 compounds in garlic and 184 compounds in onion. 3.53% in garlic and 4.37% in onion were the major chemical constituents based on the number of hits. This study suggests that the Allium sativum and Allium cepa herbal powders being loaded with large number of active compounds would be promising alternative agents due to their richness in antioxidants.

Preparation and characterization of Allium cepa extract coated biochar and adsorption performance for hexavalent chromium

The elimination of hazardous metal ions from contaminated water has been an important procedure to improve the quality of the water source. Hence, this study presents the fabrication of Allium cepa extract-coated biochar for the elimination of Cr (VI) from wastewater. The synthesized biochar (SBCH) and modified biochar (BMOJ) were characterized by making use of FTIR, BET, XRD, TGA and SEM. Optimum Cr (VI) removal was achieved at solution pH 2, 0.05 g adsorbent dosage and 180 min agitation period. The adsorptive removal of Cr (VI) onto SBCH and BMOJ followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model with a satisfactory sum of square residuals (SSR) of 3.874 and 5.245 for SBCH and BMOJ, respectively. Meanwhile, Freundlich isotherm was found to best describe the uptake of Cr (VI) SBCH and BMOJ. Experimental data showed an adsorption capacity of 37.38 and 25.77 mg g−1 and a maximum efficiency of 85.42% and 51.63% for BMOJ and SBCH, respectively. BMOJ also showed good antioxidant characteristics. Thermodynamic data revealed that the uptake of Cr (VI) onto the SBCH and BMOJ was an exothermic and endothermic (ΔH: SBCH = − 16.22 kJ mol−1 and BMOJ = 13.74 kJ mol−1), entropy-driven (ΔS: SBCH = 40.96 J K−1 mol−1 and BMOJ = 93.26 J K−1 mol−1) and spontaneous process. Furthermore, BMOJ demonstrated excellent reusability and promising characteristics for industrial applications.

In Vitro anticancer screening of herbal syrup formulation of allium cepa extract

The formulation of herbal syrup of extract of Allium Cepa was reported in the previous paper. The herbal syrup of extract was evaluated here for anticancer activity. The anticancer activity was evaluated against 2 cell lines namely human lung cancer cell line A-549 and human breast cancer cell line MCF7. The results indicate that there is no significant anticancer activity of the herbal syrup formulation of the extract as compared with the standard Adriamycin.

The protective effect of allium cepa against ethylene glycol-induced kidney stones in rats

1)BackgroundKidney stones is one of the serious medical conditions affecting populations worldwide. So, we aimed in this study to investigate the protective effect of allium cepa administration against KSD. 2)Methods24 adult male albino rats were assigned into 3 groups; group I: control group; group II: received ethylene glycol (EG) in the drinking water for 4 weeks; and group III received EG in the drinking water plus freshly prepared allium cepa extract (ACE) for 4 weeks. Renal function tests and urine analysis were done. Tissue oxidative stress markers (SOD and MDA) were assessed, and kidney expression of SIRT-1, Beclin, LC3, osteopontin, and Regucalcin were measured by RT-qPCR. Histopathological assessment and immunohistochemistry for Bax, Beclin-1 and TNF-α were performed. 3)ResultsThere was a significant improved kidney function tests in the ACE received group compared to EG group (P < 0.001). The present study showed less stones formation and apoptosis with decreased osteopontin and autophagy genes expression in the ACE received group compared to EG group (P < 0.001). While, regucalcin and SIRT-1 genes showed higher expression in the former group than the later group (P < 0.001). 4) ConclusionAlium Cepa extract administration has a significant protective effect against kidney stones formation.

Comparative &lt;i&gt;in-vitro&lt;/i&gt; antioxidant studies of crude methanol extract and four solvent fractions of red cultivar &lt;i&gt;Allium cepa&lt;/i&gt; l. bulbs

Oxidative stress-induced disease conditions are on the increase and there is need for natural sources of antioxidant for relieving stress. The crude extract of Allium cepa L. has been well published as a potential natural source of antioxidant. But there is inadequate information on the antioxidant activities of fractionated extracts of the plant. The in-vitro antioxidant capacity of crude extract of red cultivar A. cepa bulbs and its four solvent fractions were studied and compared using Nitric oxide radical inhibitory assay (NORIA), FRAP and DPPH antioxidant models. The results of the three models revealed that the crude methanol extract exhibited very good antioxidant activities. However, with the aid of DPPH, the crude methanol extract, ethyl acetate and methanol fractions exhibited excellent antioxidant activities in comparison with ascorbic acid. Serial extraction did not make any of the fractionated extracts better than the crude extract of the red cultivar A. cepa bulbs. These results also showed that red cultivar A. cepa bulbs is a natural source of antioxidants and could serve as therapeutic agent in the prevention or slowing down of oxidative stress. Further studies are currently underway to identify the active component responsible for the observed antioxidant properties.

Characterization, phytochemistry screening and acute toxicity of Allium cepa fermented

The health benefit of Allium cepa could be obtained through processing using fermentation technique. This study aimed to obtain standardized fermented onion extract as raw material for medicinal preparations. In addition, this study determined the different content of secondary metabolites of unfermented and fermented Allium cepa then the acute toxicity was conducted to know the LD50.of Allium cepa fermented extract. Fermentation was done by saving the Allium cepa in a fermentation machine for 15 days at a temperature of 50-80°C. Allium cepa fermented was extracted by maceration using ethanol. Allium cepa fermented extract was characterized and tested for phytochemical screening. The characterization showed that the fermented extract of Allium cepa contained 3.47% of total ash, 0.39% of acid-insoluble ash, 15.51% of water-soluble, and 18.14% of ethanol-soluble. Phytochemical studies showed alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, glycosides, and terpenoids in the unfermented Allium cepa extract while the Allium cepa fermented extract contained Flavonoids, Glycosides, and Triterpenoids. The LD50 of Allium cepa fermented extract was included as the preparations with a toxicity level of 6 (non-toxic). It showed that Allium cepa fermented extract has a stability-tested extract and included non-toxic criteria.

From In Silico Simulation between TGF-β Receptors and Quercetin to Clinical Insight of a Medical Device Containing Allium cepa: Its Efficacy and Tolerability on Post-Surgical Scars.

(1) Objective: Keloid and hypertrophic scars are a challenge in clinical management, causing functional and psychological discomfort. These pathological scars are caused by a proliferation of dermal tissue following skin injury. The TGF-β/Smad signal pathway in the fibroblasts and myofibroblasts is involved in the scarring process of skin fibrosis. Today, multiple therapeutic strategies that target the TGF-β/Smad signal pathway are evaluated to attenuate aberrant skin scars that are sometimes difficult to manage. We performed a head-to-head, randomized controlled trial evaluating the appearance of the post-surgical scars of 64 subjects after two times daily topical application to compare the effect of a class I pullulan-based medical device containing Allium cepa extract 5% and hyaluronic acid 5% gel versus a class I medical device silicone gel on new post-surgical wounds. (2) Methods: Objective scar assessment using the Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS), POSAS, and other scales were performed after 4, 8, and 12 weeks of treatment and statistical analyses were performed. The trial was registered in clinicalTrials.gov ( NCT05412745). In parallel, molecular docking simulations have been performed to investigate the role of Allium cepa in TGF-β/Smad signal pathway. (3) Results: We showed that VSS, POSAS scale, itching, and redness reduced significantly at week 4 and 8 in the subjects using devices containing Allium cepa and HA. No statistically significant differences in evaluated scores were noted at 12 weeks of treatment. Safety was also evaluated by gathering adverse events related to the application of the gel. Subject compliance and safety with the assigned gel were similar between the two study groups. Molecular docking simulations have shown how Allium cepa could inhibit fibroblasts proliferation and contraction via TGF-β/Smad signal pathway. (4) Conclusions: The topical application of a pullulan-based medical device containing Allium cepa and HA showed a clear reduction in the local inflammation, which might lead to a reduced probability of developing hypertrophic scars or keloids.

Formulation and evaluation of herbal syrup of onion (Allium Cepa)

A cepa or onion is the most edible vegetable throughout the world. It also has diverse pharmacological properties. It is a fibrous perennial plant belonging to the Amaryllidaceae family. Onions contain vitamins such as folic acid and vitamin B6. It also contains minerals such as magnesium, calcium, potassium, and phosphorus. It shows diverse pharmacological properties such as anticancer, antidiabetic, antioxidant, anticoagulant, antihypertensive and antidepressant and neuroprotective effects. It is believed to be a carminative and shows beneficial effects on circulatory and respiratory systems as well as the immune system. Allium cepa finds its uses in cancer because of many stress conditions such as oxidative stress can be subsided by the Allium cepa extract and formulations. In this review, an attempt was made to formulate the medicated syrup of A. cepa. Four such formulations were made (F1, F2, F3, F4). The F4 formulation was optimized and was stable. The Formulation F4 can be adopted for preparation of A. cepa syrup on Industrial scale.

Evaluation of acute and subacute toxicity of the extract of allium cepa peels in Wistar rats

Allium cepa is a popular recipe used traditionally to treat diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, wounds and infections. The acute and sub-acute oral toxicity profile of the aqueous extract of Allium cepa peels were evaluated in wistar albino rats in order to determine its safety for use in traditional medicine. The median lethal dose (LD 50) body weights and food intake were determined. The acute oral toxicity of the peel extract was carried out in accordance with OECD guideline 423. In addition to this, the haematological parameters and biochemical parameters were also evaluated. The median lethal dose (LD 50) of the extract was greater than 2000 mg/kg when given orally in the rats. There were no significant changes in the level of haematological parameters and biochemical parameters. The results from this study indicates that Allium cepa peels are relatively safe, hence supporting its use in traditional medicine.

Effect of Allium cepa extract on total and differential WBC, TP level, oxidant and antioxidant biomarkers, and lung pathology in ovalbumin-sensitized rats.

Previous studies have shown that Allium cepa (A. cepa) has relaxant and anti-inflammatory effects. In this research, A. cepa extract was examined for its prophylactic effect on lung inflammation and oxidative stress in sensitized rats. Total and differential white blood cell (WBC) count in the blood, serum levels of oxidant and antioxidant biomarkers, total protein (TP) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and lung pathology were investigated in control group (C), sensitized group (S), and sensitized groups treated with A. cepa and dexamethasone. Total and most differential WBC count, TP, NO2, NO3, MDA (malondialdehyde), and lung pathological scores were increased while lymphocytes, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and thiol were decreased in sensitized animals compared to controls (p < 0.01 to p < 0.001). Treatment with all concentrations of extract significantly improved total WBC, TP, NO2, NO3, interstitial fibrosis, and emphysema compared to the S group (p < 0.05 to p < 0.001). Two higher concentrations of the extract significantly decreased neutrophil and monocyte count, malondialdehyde, bleeding and epithelial damage but increased lymphocyte, CAT, and thiol compared to the S group (p < 0.05 to p < 0.001). Dexamethasone treatment also substantially improved most measured parameters (p < 0.05 to p < 0.001), but it did not change eosinophil percentage. It was proposed that A. cepa extract could affect lung inflammation and oxidative stress in sensitized rats.

Gastroprotective Activity of Aerial Leaves of Allium cepa

The present study was performed to evaluate the Antiulcer activity of Methanolic extract of Allium cepa leaves (MEAC) in Albino rats. Antiulcer activity of MEAC was investigated by using Ethanol induced gastric mucosal damage and Pylorous ligated gastric ulcers. Evaluation was done on both models comparing with reference standard Omeprazole (20mg/kg). The parameters taken to assess anti-ulcer for pylorus ligation method were volume gastric secretion, pH, free acidity, total acidity and ulcer index. In vivo studies were carried on the plant extract and results were found that protection of the Methanolic extract of Allium cepa leaves against characteristic lesions may be due to both reduction in gastric acid secretion and gastric cycloprotein and this may be due to the presence of Flavanoids. In this study we observed that, Methanolic extract of leaves of Allium cepa (MEAC) provides significant antiulcer activity against gastric ulcers in rats. The result of MEAC showed significant reduction in the ulcer index, when compared to control. The antiulcer activity extract may be attributed to their flavanoids content and antioxidant property. These findings indicate that MEAC display potential antiulcerogenic activity.

Nutritional, Phytochemicals, GC-MS and Antibacterial Activities of Aqueous Red Onion (Allium cepa) Extract against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli

Background of Study: Onion (Allium cepa) plant has been used for multiple purposes both for modern and traditional medicine. The study evaluates the atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and antibacterial activities of aqueous red onion (Allium cepa) and azithromycin solution against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.&#x0D; Methodology: The AAS, GC-MS and phytochemical screening of the aqueous red onion (Allium cepa) extract were determined using standard procedures. Antibacterial activities were determined by agar well diffusion method. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentrations were determined using standard procedure.&#x0D; Results: Mineral analysis shows that the minerals that were found in the red onion are: Na, Mg, Fe, Ca, K, Al and Cu. Aqueous extract of Allium cepa shows the presence of secondary metabolites like: saponin, tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, reducing sugar, steroids etc. 56 compounds were identified using GC-MS analysis with 9, 12-octadecadienoic acid (Z,Z)- being the most abundant with peak area of 50.50% and retention time of 16.563. The results revealed that aqueous A. cepa extract with concentration of 250 mg/ml showed strong response against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli with zone of inhibition of 22.67±1.585 and 28.18±1.689 respectively. At 100 mg/ml, the onion extract exhibited weak and moderate response against both organisms. The azithromycin solution has zone of inhibition values that ranges from 9.25 ± 0.73 to 20.03 ± 1.16 mm for both organisms tested at 5.00 and 20.00 mg/mL respectively. The MIC values of the azithromycin solution and aqueous red onion extract for S. aureus and E. coli were 31.25, 31.25, 500 and 250 mg/mL while their MBC values were 62.50, 62.50, 1000.00 and 500.00 mg/ml respectively. MBC/MIC values indicate that azithromycin solution and aqueous red onion extract had bactericidal effects on both organisms tested. The red onion has potential as natural therapeutic agents and may prevent pathogenic diseases caused by Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.

Effects of potassium bromate on Rattus norvegicus brain antioxidant markers, acetylcholinesterase activity, and DNA fragmentation: investigation of therapeutic effect of Allium cepa

BackgroundAllium cepa is well-known for its antioxidant capabilities and contains potent antioxidant quercetin (3, 30, 4, 5, 7-pentahydroxyflavone). We investigated the therapeutic effects of aqueous extract of Allium cepa (AEAC) that is quercetin-rich against potassium bromate (KBrO3)-induced oxidative damage in the brains of male Wistar rats using biochemical, immunohistochemical, and histological markers. For 90 days, 40 male Wistar rats were administered KBrO3, KBrO3 + AEAC, and/or quercetin on alternate days, or AEAC and quercetin alone.ResultsKBrO3 significantly (p > 0.05) suppressed and diminished antioxidant enzymes and acetylcholinesterase activities with notable decreased total protein levels. Additionally, oxidative stress biomarkers (MDA and NO), as well as DNA fragmentation, all increased significantly (p > 0.05). The immunohistochemical expression of P53, caspase 3, and COX2 protein also increased significantly in the cerebral cortex of the KBrO3-treated groups, but BCL-2 protein expression decreased significantly. Histological examination of brain tissues revealed patterns that corresponded to the enzyme markers. The effects of KBrO3 were all attenuated by the administration of AEAC and quercetin.ConclusionsThis research demonstrates the therapeutic effects of Allium cepa on KBrO3-induced oxidative stress, and biochemical perturbation in the brain of Rattus norvegicus. Even though the exact mechanism of action of Allium cepa at the molecular level cannot be completely deduced from the results presented above, it could possibly be due to a combination of its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and apoptotic mechanisms. Further studies are required to examine the molecular pathways responsible for these aforementioned therapeutic effects.

Radioprotective Potencies of Allium Cepa Extract (ACE) against Radiation-Induced Hepatoxicity in Wistar Rats

Radioprotective Potencies of Allium Cepa Extract (ACE) against Radiation-Induced Hepatoxicity in Wistar Rats

Phenolic Compounds from onion husk (Allium cepa L.): Mode of Extraction

Phenolic compounds contained in plants can prevent cardiovascular and oncological diseases that pose a serious threat to human health and life. Onion Allium cepa L. is a source of natural phenolic compounds This study investigates the effect of extraction temperature and duration on the total content of phenolic compounds in aqueous extracts of onion husk Allium cepa L. The total content of phenolic compounds in extracts has been measured. The prospects of using onion husk as a source of substances of phenolic nature are analyzed in the article.

Comparison between aqueous extracts of Solanum nigrum and Allium cepa on locally isolated bacteria of otitis media

تم تشخيص 39 نوع بكتيري من بين 41 عينة تم جمعها من مرضى يعانون من التهاب الاذن الوسطى. الانواع البكتيرية كانت Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphyllococcus aureus, Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella pneumonia و E. coli. تم اجراء اختبار الحساسية للمضادات الحيوية لهذه العزلات. بعد ذلك تم اجراء اختبار الفعالية الضد ميكروبية للمستخلصات المائية لنباتين. كانت المستخلصات تابعة لكل من نبات Solanum nigrum (عنب الذيب) ونبات Allium cepa(البصل). اثرت المستخلصات المائية لكلا النباتين تأثيرا سلبيا على نمو العزلات البكتيرية ولكن على مستويات مختلفة وبتراكيز مختلفة. كانت المستخلصات المائية لنبات عنب الذيب اكثر فعالية من مستخلصات نبات البصل وبخاصة في التركيز 1000ملغم/مل وبمستوى احتمالية P&lt;0.05. كانت S. aureus الاكثر تأثرا بالتثبيط وبخاصة من مستخلص عنب الذيب بينما P. mirabilis كانت الاقل تأثرا. جاءت بالمرتبة الثالثة من ناحية التثبيط بكتريا Klebsiella pneumonia تليها P. aeruginosa ثم E.coli.