Alleviate Symptoms Of Anxiety Research Articles

Effects of non-pharmacological interventions on depressive and anxiety symptoms in pregnant women: a systematic review and network meta-analysis

Given the distinctive physiological characteristics of pregnant women, non-pharmacological therapies are increasingly being used to improve depressive and anxiety symptoms. Our objective was to explore and compare the impact of various non-pharmacological interventions in improving depressive and anxiety symptoms, and to identify the most effective strategies for pregnant women with depressive and/or anxiety symptoms. We conducted a systematic search of PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared non-pharmacological interventions to usual care, from the inception of each database up to October 5, 2024. We included pregnant women with singleton pregnancies who, at baseline, exhibited early signs of depressive and/or anxiety symptoms but did not meet clinical diagnostic criteria or exceed the threshold for clinically significant symptoms. We excluded pregnant women diagnosed with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, or severe acute psychiatric conditions, those with a history of substance abuse, and those undergoing invitro fertilisation. We performed both pairwise meta-analyses and random-effects network meta-analyses (NMAs), calculating standardised mean differences (SMDs) with 95% credible intervals (CrI). We used the surface under the cumulative ranking probability curve (SUCRA) to estimate treatment ranking probabilities. The outcomes were assessed in two groups of participants: a high-risk pregnancy group, including pregnant women with depressive and/or anxiety symptoms and high-risk pregnancies (defined as having a history of miscarriage, pregnancy complications such as gestational hypertension, gestational diabetes mellitus, or preeclampsia, and advanced maternal age (i.e., over 35 years old); and a healthy group, including participants who exhibited depressive and/or anxiety symptoms only during pregnancy and did not have other high-risk pregnancy conditions or underlying health issues. This study is registered with PROSPERO, CRD42024523053. We included 101 studies (92 RCTs and 9 quasi-RCTs) involving a total of 15,330 participants across 11 interventions (mindfulness, education, counseling, cognitive behavioral therapy, muscle acupoint therapy, relaxation, mind-body exercise, psychotherapy, foetal movement counting, physical exercise, and music). Among the studies included in this analysis, 73 studies exhibited a low risk of bias, 9 studies had an unclear risk of bias, and 19 studies demonstrated a high risk of bias. The results indicate that, for both high-risk pregnancy population and healthy populations, mindfulness therapy was found to be an effective non-pharmacological treatment for significantly improving depressive and anxiety symptoms in pregnant women compared with control groups. For pregnant women with depressive symptoms, mindfulness therapy (SUCRA=80%; SMD=-0.86, 95% CrI=-1.2,-0.52; Nn=598), cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) (SUCRA=65%; SMD=-0.69, 95% CrI=-1.0,-0.39; Nn=712), and education therapy (SUCRA=48%; SMD=-0.54, 95% CrI=-0.86,-0.23; Nn=2285) all significantly improve depressive symptoms. In the subgroup analysis of healthy populations, muscle acupoint therapy (SUCRA=77.17%; SMD=-0.89, 95% CrI=-1.55,-0.23; N=99) and mind-body exercise (SUCRA=47.54%; SMD=-0.53, 95% CrI=-0.88,-0.19; N=352) also significantly reduce depressive symptoms. Subgroup analysis shows that, in addition to mindfulness therapy, mind-body exercises (SUCRA=67.43%; SMD=-0.97, 95% CrI=-1.61,-0.33; N=382) and cognitive-behavioral therapy (SUCRA=52.60%; SMD=-0.74, 95% CrI=-1.38,-0.09; N=480) may also be effective in alleviating anxiety symptoms among healthy pregnant women. Our findings indicate that mindfulness therapy significantly reduces the risk of depressive and anxiety symptoms in both high-risk pregnancy population and healthy populations. Therefore, when selecting non-pharmacologic therapies for managing depressive and anxiety symptoms during pregnancy, it is recommended that this therapy be considered. We cannot overlook the limitations of this study. For example, some interventions, such as muscle acupoint therapy for depressive symptoms and relaxation therapy for anxiety symptoms, have limited literature support. Additionally, the diversity of conditions within the high-risk pregnancy population and the high heterogeneity observed in certain interventions are also issues that require attention. These factors may affect the accuracy of the data results. Although we have employed reliable methods to address these issues, the findings of this study should still be interpreted with caution. None.

Within-Person Relationships Among Self-Compassion, Emotion Regulation Difficulties, and Anxiety Symptoms: Testing an Emotion Regulation Model of Self-Compassion.

Anxiety symptoms is prevalent among college students and is associated with a range of detrimental consequences. Self-compassion and emotion regulation difficulties are important factors affecting anxiety symptoms, but their functional mechanism and longitudinal correlation are still unclear. This three-year longitudinal study (baseline: n = 5785, 48.2% of female, Mage = 18.63 years, SD = 0.88; T1 to T5: n = range from 4312 to 5497) aimed to validate the emotion regulation model of self-compassion by examining the associations between self-compassion, emotion regulation difficulties, and anxiety symptoms. Random intercept cross-lagged panel models (RI-CLPMs) was used to distinguish within-person variations overtime from stable between-person differences. The results obtained from the RI-CLPMs indicated that there is a bidirectional effect between self-compassion and anxiety symptoms at the within-person level. Emotional regulation difficulties played a longitudinal mediating role in the prediction from self-compassion to anxiety symptoms at the within-person level, validating the emotion regulation model of self-compassion. The current study indicates that cultivating self-compassion in college students is crucial as it can improve their emotion regulation skills and alleviate anxiety symptoms.

Effectiveness of Buspirone in Alleviating Anxiety Symptoms in Patients with Depressive Disorder: A Multicenter Prospective Observational Study in Korea

Effectiveness of Buspirone in Alleviating Anxiety Symptoms in Patients with Depressive Disorder: A Multicenter Prospective Observational Study in Korea

How tube feeding modes influence anxiety in patients with dysphagia after ischemic stroke: A propensity score-matched, longitudinal study.

Although tube feeding modes have been shown to influence psychological status, the specific mechanism of action and differences between intermittent oro-esophageal tube feeding (IOE) and nasogastric tube feeding (NGT) have yet to be uncovered. This study explored the effect of IOE versus NGT on anxiety in patients with dysphagia after ischemic stroke. This longitudinal observational study included patients with dysphagia after ischemic stroke who were treated in the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine between February 2022 and June 2024. Questionnaires, scales, and medical records were used to collect data regarding anxiety symptoms, basic information, treatment details, and self-perception on the 1st and 10th day of hospitalization. Propensity Score Matching (PSM) was used to balance potential confounding factors and analyze the association between IOE versus NGT and anxiety symptoms. Path analysis was conducted to explore the specific mechanisms of action. Totally, 2459 participants (55.51% IOE users) were recruited. The IOE users had significantly lower moderate-to-severe anxiety rates than the NGT users (25.88% and 44.42%, p < 0.001). PSM analysis revealed an 8.56% difference in moderate-to-severe anxiety rates between IOE and NGT users. Self-perception of comfort, reflux, dietary schedule, social activity, self-esteem, and daily exercise showed significance as intermediate variables between tube feeding modes and anxiety symptoms in path analysis (all p < 0.001). Compared to NGT, IOE can alleviate anxiety symptoms in patients with dysphagia after ischemic stroke who were treated in the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine. The relationship between tube feeding modes and anxiety symptoms was mediated by the self-perception of comfort, reflux, dietary schedule, social activity, self-esteem, and daily exercise.

New Pathways for Digital Health Technology Interventions for Workplace Anxiety

This study focuses on exploring new paths of digital health technology (DHT) intervention for workplace anxiety in the context of artificial intelligence. By exhaustively analyzing the current situation and causes of workplace anxiety and combining the latest advances in current artificial intelligence and digital health technology, this study successfully constructed a DHT-based workplace anxiety intervention model. The empirical results show that the model can accurately identify, scientifically assess and effectively alleviate anxiety symptoms in the workplace, significantly improving participants' negative emotions such as irritability and exhaustion, as well as significantly enhancing their emotion regulation ability. This study not only introduces an innovative approach to the field of workplace mental health intervention, but also provides strong support for improving employee mental health and promoting sustainable development of enterprises.

Test anxiety and coping strategies among university students an exploratory study in the UAE

Test anxiety is a widespread problem among university students, with negative consequences for their social, physical, and academic well-being. Therefore, students may engage in activities that might alleviate anxiety symptoms, including taking medication. The study aimed to identify factors affecting test anxiety among medical and non-medical students during examination period and their coping approaches. A cross-sectional study was conducted using a survey to collect data. The westside test anxiety scale was used to measure the students’ anxiety levels. Univariate and post hoc analyses were used. The number of participants was 925 from 14 colleges, and 82.9% of them were female. The results indicated that the test anxiety was moderately high. Young students, females, junior students, and students with low cumulative grade point averages (cGPAs) has statistically significant high test levels with p-values 0.042, 0.01, < 0.001, and < 0.001, respectively. Most students used multi methods to cope with anxiety. The most common non-pharmacological coping approaches are praying (59.5%), drink caffeine and/or energy beverages (49.6%). Only a few students (6.6%) used medications to cope with test anxiety, with only 2.2% using propranolol. The study concluded the test anxiety was a common among university students and an action should be taken to reduce the anxiety level. The priority of support programs should target females, young students, and those with low cGPA. In addition, there is a need to raise awareness among students to reduce caffeine and energy drinks consumption, maintain enough and quality sleep during this period and avoid using medication without expert advice.

Effects of Recreational Therapy on Anxiety Levels in Patients with Chronic Illness

Purpose: The aim of the study was to assess the effects of recreational therapy on anxiety levels in patients with chronic illness. Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries. Findings: The study indicated that engaging in recreational activities, such as art, music, and physical exercise, can significantly alleviate anxiety symptoms. These activities provide a distraction from pain and discomfort, enhance mood, and promote relaxation. For instance, studies have demonstrated that music therapy can lead to decreased levels of cortisol, the stress hormone, and increased production of endorphins, which are natural mood elevators. Similarly, physical activities like yoga and tai chi help in reducing tension and improving overall mental health by fostering a sense of physical well-being and empowerment. Art therapy, through creative expression, allows patients to process their emotions and experiences, leading to reduced feelings of anxiety and depression. Overall, recreational therapy offers a holistic approach to managing anxiety in chronically ill patients, contributing to improved quality of life and better mental health outcomes. Implications to Theory, Practice and Policy: Cognitive-behavioral theory, biopsychosocial model and flow theory may be used to anchor future studies on assessing the effects of recreational therapy on anxiety levels in patients with chronic illness. Practitioners should consider combining different types of recreational therapies to maximize therapeutic benefits. Policymakers should recognize the value of recreational therapy and integrate it into national healthcare guidelines and policies. This integration can promote the widespread adoption of these therapies in various healthcare settings, ensuring that patients with chronic illnesses have access to comprehensive care options.

Virtual reality exposure therapy for social anxiety disorders: a meta-analysis and meta-regression of randomized controlled trials.

Virtual reality exposure therapy offers a unique opportunity to treat social anxiety disorder. This meta-analysis aims to evaluate the effectiveness of virtual reality exposure therapy compared to waitlist comparators or other interventions for individuals with social anxiety disorder in alleviating anxiety symptoms. A three-step comprehensive search for the randomized controlled trials of virtual reality exposure therapy was conducted from inception to 7 December 2023. The overall effect was measured using Hedges' g and determined using t-statistics at a significance level of p < 0.05. Sensitivity, subgroup, and meta-regression analyses were carried out. A total of 17 randomized control trials were retrieved from nine electronic databases. Virtual reality exposure therapy has greater efficacy than waitlist comparators in reducing anxiety symptoms at post-intervention and follow-up assessment. Virtual reality exposure therapy demonstrates a similar effect to other interventions at post-intervention and follow-up assessment. We observed a greater effect for participants with symptomatic social anxiety when we combined the intervention with cognitive behavioral therapy compared to its counterpart. Meta-regression analyses found no significant covariate. Overall, virtual reality exposure therapy can provide supplementary therapy for improving anxiety symptoms. Additional high-quality and large-scale trials with long-term follow-up are needed.

Effectiveness of Virtual Reality in the Management of Anxiety and Pain Peri-Treatment for Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Breast cancer is the second most common cancer in humans. Its therapy procedures such as breast biopsy can cause anxiety and persistent pain in patients. Virtual reality (VR) has been applied to promote comfort in various populations. However, the effectiveness of VR in relieving pain and anxiety in patients undergoing breast cancer treatment is unclear. This study was designed to examine the effect of VR on anxiety and pain in people undergoing treatment for breast cancer. PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and MEDLINE databases were searched for studies involving VR, pain, and anxiety in patients with breast cancer published up to March 2022. The Cochrane Handbook for Systems quality evaluation standard 6.3.0 was followed to assess risk of bias in the identified studies, with the results reported in line with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement. Subsequently, a meta-analysis of the included data was conducted using RevMan 5.3 software. Six randomized controlled trials and one quasi-experimental study were included. The strength of the evidence ranged from moderate to high. Although VR was found to ameliorate anxiety in patients with breast cancer, only three studies showed statistically significant changes. All of the included studies reported statistically significant improvement in pain levels. In addition, two of the studies reported cybersickness symptoms as a common side effect of VR. VR has an important role to play in alleviating pain in patients with breast cancer. However, evidence demonstrating VR's importance in alleviating anxiety symptoms in this population is insufficient. Studies conducted with larger sample sizes and high-quality research methodologies will be necessary to clarify this issue. Clinical nurses should address the potential side effects of VR.

Effects of Medical Cannabis Treatment for Autistic Children on Anxiety and Restricted and Repetitive Behaviors and Interests: An Open-Label Study.

Background: The literature supports the benefits of medical cannabis for core and comorbid symptoms in autistic individuals and anxiety-related symptoms in individuals without autism. However, no study has specifically investigated how cannabidiol (CBD)-rich cannabis affects anxiety subtypes in autistic children or its relationship with restricted and repetitive behaviors and interests (RRBI). Understanding the effects of CBD-rich cannabis treatment on anxiety subtypes and RRBI could offer more precise treatment approaches to managing anxiety symptoms and reducing RRBI frequency in autistic children. Objectives: To examine (1) the impact of CBD-rich cannabis treatment on autistic children's (1a) anxiety levels and subtypes and (1 b) RRBI and subtypes and (2) whether changes in anxiety explain changes in RRBI following cannabis treatment. Method: In this open-label study, we analyzed data from 65 autistic children (5-12 years) who had participated in research on the effects of CBD-rich cannabis on children with autism. Their parents completed the Repetitive Behavior Scale-revised to assess the frequency and severity of six subgroups of their children's recurrent behaviors and the Screen for Child Anxiety-Related Emotional Disorders for symptoms related to five types of anxiety disorders. They completed these assessments at three time points: (T1) before treatment, (T2) after 3 months, and (T3) after 6 months of treatment. Results: The results indicated reduced RRBI and symptoms related to various anxiety subtypes in autistic children following 6 months of CBD-rich cannabis treatment. Specifically, we observed significant differences in the autistic children's overall anxiety and in some anxiety subtypes (i.e., general, social, panic, and separation anxieties). Significant improvements were observed in RRBI, including the total score, and specifically in compulsive, ritualistic, and sameness behaviors. Our findings revealed that reduced anxiety, particularly within the panic- and separation-related subtypes, predicted a subsequent decrease in RRBI, specifically sameness behaviors, following cannabis treatment. Conclusions: The findings of the cannabis treatment's potential benefits for alleviating anxiety symptoms, leading to reduced RRBI, may provide evidence for the meaningful relationship between these variables and for the potential benefits of cannabis treatment for autistic children. We strongly recommend further double-blind, placebo-controlled studies using standardized assessments to validate these findings.

COGNITIVE BEHAVIORAL THERAPY MAY ALLEVIATE ANXIETY AND DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS IN ADVANCED CANCER PATIENTS

Tian L. Effects of cognitive behavioral therapy on anxiety and depressive symptoms in advanced cancer patients: A meta-analysis. Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 2024 Jan 20;87:20-32. doi:10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2024.01.006. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 38280276. This research was funded by the National College Students Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program (Grant No. 202310343044), and the Zhejiang University Student Science and Technology Innovation Activity Plan (Grant No. 2023R413038). The authors have no actual or potential conflicts of interest. Systematic review with meta-analysis of data.

Neural consequences of 5-Hz transcranial alternating current stimulation over right hemisphere: An eLORETA EEG study

IntroductionTranscranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) at 5-Hz to the right hemisphere can effectively alleviate anxiety symptoms. This study aimed to explore the neural mechanisms that drive the therapeutic benefits. MethodsWe collected electroencephalography (EEG) data from 24 participants with anxiety disorders before and after a tACS treatment session. tACS was applied over the right hemisphere, with 1.0 mA at F4, 1.0 mA at P4, and 2.0 mA at T8 (10–10 EEG convention). With eLORETA, we transformed the scalp signals into the current source density in the cortex. We then assessed the differences between post- and pre-treatment brain maps across multiple spectra (delta to low gamma) with non-parametric statistics. ResultsWe observed a trend of heightened power in alpha and reduced power in mid-to-high beta and low gamma, in accord with the EEG markers of anxiolytic effects reported in previous studies. Additionally, we observed a consistent trend of de-synchronization at the stimulating sites across spectra. ConclusiontACS 5-Hz over the right hemisphere demonstrated EEG markers of anxiety reduction. The after-effects of tACS on the brain are intricate and cannot be explained solely by the widely circulated entrainment theory. Rather, our results support the involvement of plasticity mechanisms in the offline effects of tACS.

Study on the progress of three pathways in anxiety disorders

An overview is presented in this review, which delves into the neural pathways associated with anxiety disorders. The emphasis is placed on the amygdala and prefrontal cortex circuit, the GABAergic pathway, and the serotonin pathway. The amygdala-prefrontal cortex circuit is essential to processing fear and making decisions; anxiety disorders have been linked to disruption in this circuit. The GABAergic pathway, characterized by the release of GABA and inhibition of neuronal activity, is implicated in anxiety through its role in regulating neuronal excitability. Altered GABAergic function is associated with various anxiety disorders. The serotonin pathway, involving the release of serotonin and modulation of mood and stress responses, is also involved in anxiety disorders. Medications targeting these pathways can help modulate the circuits and alleviate anxiety symptoms. Awareness of these pathways is still limited, though, because anxiety is a complicated illness influenced by a number of factors. The main goals of future research should be the development of individualized treatment plans for anxiety disorders and better clarifying the processes of dysregulation.

Correlation of violence with anxiety and sleep disturbance among Talibs (mosque students) in Afghanistan: A cross-sectional study

BackgroundDespite ample research on violence's impact on mental health, a literature gap persists regarding its specific influence on anxiety and sleep quality among mosque students, particularly Talibs, in Afghanistan. This study examines the influence of violence on anxiety levels and sleep quality among mosque students, specifically Talibs, in Afghanistan. MethodsThis cross-sectional study administered between March 10, 2023 to June 25 2023, among Talibs (mosque students) across Herat province of Afghanistan. Data were collected using a pretested structured questionnaire. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and anxiety subscale of the Depression, Anxiety, Stress – Youth (DASS-Y) questionnaire was used to assess sleep quality and anxiety among Talibs. Logistic regression models were used to examine the association of violence, anxiety, and sleep disturbance, and socio-demographic characteristics among Talibs (N = 378). ResultsPrevalence rates for anxiety symptoms, sleep disturbances, and experiences of violence were 47.9 %, 29.1 %, and 79.6 %, respectively. Notably, anxiety symptoms in Talibs exhibited correlations with advanced age and exposure to violence. Multiple regression analysis revealed significant associations between father's education, violence exposure, and anxiety, while age, economic status, and parental employment correlated with sleep disturbances. ConclusionGiven the impact of violence on anxiety and sleep quality, this study recommends routine screening for anxiety and sleep disturbances by authorities and health organizations. Psychological counseling services should be available for vulnerable Talibs. Enforcing a prohibition against violence within mosque settings could alleviate anxiety symptoms and sleep disturbances among this population.

The relationship between magnesium deficiency and anxiety, the therapeutic effects of magnesium supplementation – literature review

Introduction and purpose: The main aim of our study is to summarise existing knowledge and draw conclusions about the impact of magnesium deficiency on the occurrence of anxiety. Methodology: The literature available in the National Library of Medicine database at https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov and Google Scholar was reviewed. Articles were searched by using keywords: magnesium, deficiency, supplementation, anxiety disorders. Forty-seven research papers and meta-analyses were analysed. Description of the state of knowledge: Magnesium is an extremely important mineral in the human body involved in many physiological processes. A deficiency of this element affects the whole body and can cause mental disorders - including anxiety disorders. There are many theories showing a link between magnesium and anxiety disorders in both humans and animals. Magnesium has been shown to influence the function of neurotransmitters affecting the experience of anxiety. Supplementation in people with hypomagnesaemia has been proven to improve their health and well-being. However, it should be noted that supplements on the market vary in the bioavailability of the mineral, and the frequency of intake and dosage also affect the bioavailability of magnesium. Conclusions: It is important to ensure adequate levels of magnesium in the diet, given its impact on the proper functioning of the human body (including the nervous system) and the fact that most people consume insufficient amounts of this macronutrient. Evidence of a link between magnesium levels and anxiety has led to increased interest in the potential efficacy of magnesium supplementation to alleviate anxiety symptoms.

The effects of different types of Tai Chi exercise on anxiety and depression in older adults: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

The body of evidence supporting the beneficial effects of Tai Chi in reducing anxiety and depressive symptoms in older adults is steadily increasing. Nonetheless, there remains a scarcity of studies directly comparing the clinical effectiveness of various Tai Chi exercises in addressing anxiety and depressive symptoms in older adults. Thus, this study aimed to systematically review and analyze the therapeutic efficacy of four types of Tai Chi interventions in enhancing anxiety and depressive symptoms in older adults. During the period up to July 26, 2023, searches were conducted in the Web of Science, PubMed, the Cochrane Library, CNKI, and the Chinese Scientific Journal Database (VIP). The language scope encompassed both English and Chinese. Two independent reviewers conducted the literature review and data extraction. Review Manager 5.4 was employed for traditional meta-analysis and risk assessment, while version 15 of STATA software was used for generating evidence and funnel plots for network meta-analysis. This study was registered in PROSPERO number CRD 42023442270. In this analysis, a total of 20 studies were included, involving 1798 participants. The findings of the pairwise meta-analysis revealed that Tai Chi intervention was more effective than the control group in reducing anxiety (SMD: -1.19, 95% CI: -2.04, -0.34, p < 0.05) and depression (SMD: -0.65, 95% CI: -0.95, -0.65, p < 0.05) symptoms among older adults. The network meta-analysis specifically focused on anxiety symptoms and found that Yang-style Tai Chi (69.9%) had the most favorable outcome, followed by the 24-form Simplified Tai Chi (66.8%). In terms of depression symptoms, the Tai Chi Exercise Program (92.6%) had the highest performance, followed by Yang-style Tai Chi (77.9%). The findings of this study imply that Tai Chi can have beneficial outcomes in the reduction of anxiety and depressive symptoms among older individuals. Specifically, when examining various forms of Tai Chi interventions, it was observed that Yang-style Tai Chi exhibited a greater efficacy in alleviating anxiety symptoms, whereas Tai Chi exercise programs demonstrated a higher effectiveness in improving depressive symptoms. Nonetheless, it is strongly advised that older adults select an exercise program that aligns with their interests and preferences, as this can enhance social integration and overall well-being. https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42023442270, identifier [CRD42023442270].

Connectivity changes following transcranial alternating current stimulation at 5-Hz: an EEG study.

Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) at 5-Hz to the right hemisphere can alleviate anxiety symptoms. We aimed to explore the connectivity changes following the treatment. We collected electroencephalography (EEG) data from 24 participants with anxiety disorders before and after the tACS treatment during a single session. Electric stimulation was applied over the right hemisphere, with 1.0 mA at F4, 1.0 mA at P4, and 2.0 mA at T8, following the 10-10 EEG convention. With eLORETA, the scalp signals were transformed into the cortex's current source density. We assessed the connectivity changes at theta frequency between the centers of Brodmann area (BA) 6/8 (frontal), BA 39/40 (parietal), and BA 21 (middle temporal). Functional connectivity was indicated by lagged coherences and lagged phase synchronization. Paired t-tests were used to quantify the differences statistically. We observed enhanced lagged phase synchronization at theta frequency between the frontal and parietal regions (P = 0.002) and between the parietal and temporal regions (P = 0.005) after Bonferroni correction. Applying tACS 5-Hz over the right hemisphere enhanced inter-regional interaction, which was spectrum-specific and mainly mediated by phase rather than power synchrony. The potential neural mechanisms are discussed.

How to reduce anxiety symptoms through individual sport in youth: A longitudinal study over 8-month observation.

Anxiety symptoms are widely observed among the youth, and engagement in sports has been demonstrated to mitigate these symptoms. Nonetheless, the effectiveness of specific sports and the potential moderating role of psychological factors, such as self-esteem and self-efficacy, on the influence of sports on anxiety, remains to be elucidated. This study was designed to longitudinally assess the impact of sports participation on anxiety symptoms among young individuals. The study encompassed 163 university students, with a male predominance of 81.6%, and explored the influence of sport-related factors (such as mastery of table tennis skills, level and engagement) and psychological aspects (including self-efficacy, self-esteem and resilience) on anxiety symptoms, employing an 8-month longitudinal approach. Physical activity, sedentary and sleep behaviour, along with age, body mass index (BMI), and sex, were accounted for as confounding variables. The study found that high table tennis performance score was found to buffer the development of anxiety symptoms in students with decreased self-esteem in an exploratory moderation model. Self-esteem and self-efficacy were negatively associated with the development of anxiety symptoms, whereas physical activity factors did not have a direct effect. This study highlights the potential of table tennis as a form of sport to alleviate anxiety symptoms in university students, particularly among those with decreased self-esteem. Future research should address the study's limitations and explore the potential moderating effects of other psychological factors. Overall, these findings suggest a potential new approach to treating anxiety symptoms among university students.

Correlation between college students’ attitude towards physical exercise, psychological capital, and anxiety disorders

BackgroundPhysical exercise promotes physical activity, regulates mental state, and helps to improve the psychological state of individual college students and reduce anxiety symptoms.Subjects and Methods Randomly select 50 students from a sports college of a certain university, including 25 males and 25 females. Select 50 students from non-sports colleges, including 25 males and 25 females. The total subjects amount to 100 students. The Physical Exercise Frequency Scale and the Anxiety Self-Test Scale (SAS) were used. The exercise volume and anxiety level of college students were evaluated. The test results were statistically analyzed using SPPS23.0 software.Results82% of college students in this college enjoy physical exercise. 50% of students exercise 3 times a week, 25% twice a week, and 5% once a week. 18% do not enjoy physical exercise. According to the results of the Self-Test Anxiety Scale (SAS), 95% of college students in the school do not have anxiety symptoms, 5% of students suffer from anxiety disorder, and all 5% come from non-sports students. According to the SPSS statistical results, the anxiety level of different students is P&lt;0.05, and there is a negative correlation between the anxiety level and the frequency of physical exercise, with a P-value less than 0.05, which is statistically significant.ConclusionsMost college students in this school have a positive psychological state, and there is a certain correlation between physical exercise and anxiety. Therefore, physical exercise can help alleviate anxiety symptoms by promoting mental state.AcknowledgementGeneral Project of Social Science Planning in Chongqing (No. 2022NDYB198); General Project of Education Science Planning in Chongqing (No. 2022-GX-49); Chongqing Jiaotong University 2021 Education and Teaching Reform Research Key Project (No. 2102004).

Effect of green ecological tourism industry on tourists’ anxiety

BackgroundWith the improvement of people’s living standards, more and more people are paying attention to their mental health, and many people choose to travel to alleviate the impact of anxiety.Subjects and MethodsThis study selected 20 patients with different levels of anxiety, including mild anxiety, moderate anxiety, and severe anxiety, and divided them equally into an experimental group and a control group. The experimental group was treated with a combination of long and short acting drugs and green ecotourism, while the control group was only treated with a combination of long and short acting drugs. After six months of treatment, follow-up visits will be conducted to investigate the patient’s anxiety relief.ResultsThe survey showed that a total of 9 patients with severe anxiety in the experimental group had symptoms relieved, with 4 patients transitioning from severe anxiety to moderate anxiety, and 5 patients transitioning from severe anxiety to mild anxiety Among them, 4 experienced mild anxiety, while the rest were cured. 6 patients with mild anxiety were cured. In the control group, 6 patients with severe anxiety had symptoms relieved, all of whom turned to moderate anxiety. Among patients with moderate anxiety, 4 experienced relief in symptoms, with 3 transitioning from moderate anxiety to mild anxiety and 1 being cured. Four patients with mild anxiety have been cured.ConclusionsThe experimental results indicate that the combination of green ecological tourism industry construction and drug use in the context of rural revitalization has a good therapeutic effect on alleviating anxiety symptoms in anxiety patientsAcknowledgementThe Henan Provincial Department of Science and Technology (2022 Key R&amp;D and Promotion Special Project), No. 222400410137.