Allahabad City Research Articles

Identification and Assessment of Children with Dyslexia in Allahabad City

The survey method was adopted for the present study. The investigation was conducted in different schools of Allahabad district including five English medium schools and five Hindi medium schools with respect to the identification and assessment of children with reading related problems (dyslexia). The sample comprised of the teachers teaching English language to identify the children having reading related problems (dyslexia) from 2^nd to 8^th standards in English and Hindi medium schools. The following tools used for data analysis were general information Problem checklist- teacher report from A and B (Tripathi and Kar, 2008). Specific information NIMHANS index of learning disability (Kapur et al. 1991) Dyslexia was found higher in children of Hindi medium schools from 2^nd to 8^th standards, as compared to English medium schools from 2^nd to 8^th standards, as perceived by the teachers. NIMHANS index of specific learning disability test in words and comprehension reading were found in decreasing order in 2^nd to 8^th standard in English medium schools and 3^rd to 7^th standard in Hindi medium schools.. Total number of 59 Children in English Medium Schools and 42 Children in Hindi Medium Schools in words reading and comprehension reading in (NIMHANS) index of specific learning disability test were found having. reading related problems (dyslexia).

Ground Water Recharge in Urban Areas – Experience of Rain Water Harvesting

Abstract: Water consumption is likely to increase substantially in the future on account of rising population, economic growth, and social development. Rapid urbanization and population growth of Allahabad city, has necessitated thinking about the declination in ground water level as well as supply of sufficient quantity of water for future either for drinking purpose or industrial use. In the present study, rainfall recharge of Allahabad city has been computed on GIS platform (ArcInfo). Groundwater recharge potential zones of Allahabad city have also been found out using GIS. Case study of recharge of ground water through roof top rainwater harvesting at Vikas Bhawan (a multistoryed building), Allahabad is discussed. An implementation of this analysis and decision making software is expected to work for sustainable water management.

The Difficulties Preventing the Application of Activity Based Cost System from the Standpoint of Industrial Companies Operating In Allahabad City – India

This study aims to identifying the difficulties hindering the application of ABC system in companies operating in Allahabad-India. In order to achieve such aims, a questionnaire was developed and distributed to the population of study. SPSS program was used in the analysis. The study concluded with some results. The most apparent is that the difficulties hindering the application of ABC system in these companies are the difficulty of the division of business undertaken by the company to the activities of clear and specific, the lack of scientific qualifications and professional capable of implementing ABC system, increasing the cost of application of ABC system compared to the benefits expected from it is an impediment in the face of the application of the system in the company and the company does not keep pace with modern manufacturing environment. The study recommends the companies should start gradually in the application of ABC system, also must these companies that are working to overcome the difficulties impeding the application of ABC system in these companies.

The Benefits of the Application of Activity Based Cost System - Field Study on Manufacturing Companies Operating In Allahabad City – India

This study aims to identifying the benefits of the application of ABC system throuth a field study on companies operating in allahabad-india. In order to achieve such aims, a questionnaire was developed and distributed to the population of study. Spss program was used in the analysis. The study concluded with some results. The most apparent is that the expected benefits of behind the application of ABC system from the standpoint of these companies are ABC system helps to calculate the cost of the product more accurately, leads to enhance the costs control and ABC system provides the financial and non-financial information that help in taking sound administrative decisions such as fixing selling prices of products and exclusion of activities that do not add value to the product. The study recommends the companies should start gradually in applying ABC system by persuading the management of these companies on the importance of application the system because of its advantages and benefits.

A Study of Extent of Adulteration in Milk and Milk Products in Uttar Pradesh

The present study was carried out to envisage the status of adulteration of milk and milk products in the four major cities of Uttar Pradesh. The results suggest that the small cities harbour the epicentre for adulteration in milk and milk products as the consumers are ignorant of new sophisticated method used by the manufacturer or the retailer at these places. Adulteration in milk and milk product was significantly high in Allahabad city (55.56%) in the year 2010–11. Agra was found to be centre of adulteration in Khoya (41.53%). The remedy, then for this type of fraud is the awareness of the general public to such an extent that it can detect any case of adulteration or substitution.

Rose and Marigold Flower Harvester’s & Their Income

This topic describes the rose and marigold flower's harvesters and their income in Allahabad city. We have some data which are collected during survey and presented here by table and graph in part of result and discussion. This topic explain the commercial activity of production and marketing of floriculture products is also a source of gainful and quality employment to scores of people and main resources of income. The harvesting processes of these crops are very drudgery prone. India being an agricultural country, where majority live in the rural areas, both men and women work very hard in the fields. The harvesting of rose comes under the severe drudgery prone activity (Ergonomic practices, 2003).Marigold is an annual flower plant. The harvesting of the Marigold flower is considered as the severe most drudgery prone activity (Ergonomic practices, 2003) where women have to keep their posture in bending position from the back facing the ground for the harvesting of flowers found that rose and marigold are the main cash crops of Allahabad that involves farmers at great number.

An empirical study of marketing for guava and its sub-products by farmers in Allahabad: an approach towards agripreneurship through food processing units

Agriculture constitutes a large market for Indian food markets growers and processors which rank fourth in the world food market. Guava as ‘poor mans fruit’ has tremendous market. Guavas cultivated in the orchards of Allahabad City near the belt of Sangam enjoy a heavy demand due to their delicious taste named Allahabad safeda, surkha, etc. The paper aims at facilitating entrepreneurship in the supply chain with respect to guava production and its sub processing by farmers. The informal market is facing challenges of unscrupulous money lenders, intermediaries and micro credit and providing various solutions to overcome it.

ASSESSMENT OF COMPOSTING, ENERGY AND GAS GENERATION POTENTIAL FOR MSW AT ALLAHABAD CITY IN INDIA

Management of municipal solid waste (MSW) is a majo r concerned for Allahabad city as the city is growi ng with population and the increase is 20.74 percent for the last 10 years. In this regard, MSW samples were collected from twent y wards and three dumpsites to estimate composting, energy and gas generation pote ntial for MSW Management. It was observed that the MSW is not suitable for composting because C/N ratio was found to be less t han 30:1. Existing gas generation model is modified and found a bioreactor landfill with leachate recirculation would be the b est method for the MSW management.

Anthropogenic and impact spherules: Morphological similarity and chemical distinction – A case study from India and its implications

This paper provides first report of silica-rich anthropogenic spherules of varying colour, shape, size, surface texture and chemical composition found in road-deposited sediments (RDS) of Allahabad city, Uttar Pradesh, India. Morphological details and lithophile elemental composition of the silica-rich spherules are compared to microtektites and impact spherules from India to demonstrate their striking morphological similarities and chemical variability. This study suggests the need to use spherule data carefully while assigning an impact origin to spherule-finds or spherule-bearing lithological horizons.

Assessment and disposal issues of biomedical waste - case study Allahabad city

Infectious biomedical waste poses various problems of health because it is usually not segregated in developing countries like India and is disposed off along with the municipal solid waste. The quantity of infectious generated waste is small when compared with total biomedical waste generated as reported by various research institutions of medical sciences. This work involves the estimation of infectious biomedical waste for the study area, which is Allahabad city. The projection of infectious biomedical waste has been done for 25 years and its disposal issues have been discussed.

Knowledge, attitude, and practices about biomedical waste management among healthcare personnel: A cross-sectional study

Background:The waste produced in the course of healthcare activities carries a higher potential for infection and injury than any other type of waste. Inadequate and inappropriate knowledge of handling of healthcare waste may have serious health consequences and a significant impact on the environment as well.Objective:The objective was to assess knowledge, attitude, and practices of doctors, nurses, laboratory technicians, and sanitary staff regarding biomedical waste management.Materials and Methods:This was a cross-sectional study.Setting:The study was conducted among hospitals (bed capacity >100) of Allahabad city.Participants:Medical personnel included were doctors (75), nurses (60), laboratory technicians (78), and sanitary staff (70).Results:Doctors, nurses, and laboratory technicians have better knowledge than sanitary staff regarding biomedical waste management. Knowledge regarding the color coding and waste segregation at source was found to be better among nurses and laboratory staff as compared to doctors. Regarding practices related to biomedical waste management, sanitary staff were ignorant on all the counts. However, injury reporting was low across all the groups of health professionals.Conclusion:The importance of training regarding biomedical waste management needs emphasis; lack of proper and complete knowledge about biomedical waste management impacts practices of appropriate waste disposal.

Towards sustainable municipal solid waste management in Allahabad City

PurposeThis paper aims to describe the present waste management scenario in the city of Allahabad listing the gaps in the waste management system.Design/methodology/approachThe research work was divided into three stages. The first stage was the collection of background data regarding municipal solid waste management systems such as waste generation, waste collection, treatment and disposal methods. The second stage involved data organization and data analysis. The third stage provided the conceptual framework that has been developed for MSW management, and finally a sustainable and suitable waste management option was provided for improving the MSW management in Allahabad.FindingsThe existing solid waste management approach in the city is highly unprofessional and lacking in scientific methodologies. There is neither proper collection nor proper treatment and disposal of waste. Most of the waste is dumped in low lying areas leading to pollution of land, air and water due to leachate generation.Practical implicationsThere is need to develop a correct and detailed database of waste generation, collection and treatment system in various wards of Allahabad so that required manpower, equipments and other services can be estimated for designing a proper waste collection, treatment and disposal system. No site for engineered landfill has been identified as per the site selection criteria provided by Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India. The suggestions in this paper have been made on the basis of data collected, actual observations and analysis.Originality/valueThe work identifies the gap in the present solid waste management system of Allahabad City.

Perceived Caregiver Burden in India

The study presented here explores the influences of selected social and social psychological factors that are associated with perceived caregiver burden in a sample of 263 primary caregivers of the elderly in Allahabad City in northern India. The results indicate that although male caregivers' perceived burden depends only on the size of the role overload, female caregivers' perceived burden depends on the interrelationship between the size of the role overload and adherence to Asian cultural norms. Implications of the findings for social work are discussed.

Spatio-temporal shift of western bank of the Ganga river, Allahabad city and its implications

Ganga is one of the largest rivers of the world which supports millions of population on its banks. It is a tectonically controlled Himalayan river which also creates havoc due to perennial floods every year. Like most large river systems, it also shifts its course in the Gangetic plains in space and time. The present study measures the variable shift in a selected flood-prone stretch of the Allahabad city lying on the western bank of the Ganga river, taking into account the historical, annual to monthly data (including pre- and post-monsoon shifts) to show the ongoing changes in the river course with possible causes and futher implications. It also discusses for the first time the down stream effect of the Tehri dam on the Ganga river course after it became functional.

The Perceived Caregiver Burden Scale for Caregivers of Elderly People in India

The objective of this study is to analyze the 31-item Perceived Caregiver Burden scale (PCB-31) formulated by Stommel, Given, and Given (1990). A multistage probability sample was used to derive a sample of 259 caregivers of the elderly in Allahabad City, India. Prior to the study, Indian experts in aging reviewed the perceived burden scale and recommended a more concise 17-item scale with four subscales. Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to determine the factor structure, and results failed to support all the items; however, it did suggest a 12-item, three-factor model. This 12-item scale, which includes impacts on financial burden, abandonment by extended family, and sense of entrapment, fit the data well. The PCB-12 also had concurrent validity as it correlated with the revised Center for Epidemiological Study—Depression scale, role conflict, role overload, and age of the caregiver. Researchers and practitioners can use this scale for estimating burden.

Psycho-social behavior pattern of unmarried adolescent girls in urban area of Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh.

Adolescence is a transitional period between childhood and adulthood in which many interrelated physical social and psychological changes take place. Adolescent girls in India face several social restrictions sex discrimination nutritional deprivation and some other adverse situations unlike those in developed countries. With expansion of telecommunication and media across cultural boundaries the problems of western societies are also being added up while very little or slow improvement is observed in previously existing ones. The health of adolescents as well as their development is particularly dependent on their behavior which is heavily influenced by the environment in which they live. Psychosocial behavior of adolescents is a complex interaction of psychological growth social environment education and exposure to the outer world. It is very important to study different aspects of their psycho-social behavior as health-related outcomes are also affected by it. Uttar Pradesh (UP) being a state having annual growth rate of only 2.3% consistently falls below the national standards in health education and general quality of life indicator. The present study was conducted to investigate psycho-social behavior pattern of unmarried adolescent girls in relation to their school education in Allahabad city of U.P. (excerpt)

Municipal solid waste characteristics and management in Allahabad, India

Increasing population levels, rapid economic growth and rise in community living standard accelerates the generation rate of municipal solid waste (MSW) in Indian cities. Improper management of MSW causes hazards to inhabitants. The objectives of the study are to determine the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of MSW along with basic information and to create GIS maps for Allahabad city. The samples have been randomly collected from various locations and analyzed to determine the characteristics of MSW. A questionnaire survey has been carried out to collect data from inhabitants including MSW quantity, collection frequency, satisfaction level, etc. The Geographic Information System (GIS) has been used to analyze existing maps and data, to digitize the existing sanitary ward boundaries and to enter the data about the wards and disposal sites. The total quantity of MSW has been reported as 500 ton/day, and the average generation rate of MSW has been estimated at 0.39 kg/capita/day. The generated ArcGIS maps give efficient information concerning static and dynamic parameters of the municipal solid waste management (MSWM) problem such as the generation rate of MSW in different wards, collection point locations, MSW transport means and their routes, and the number of disposal sites and their attributes.

Gender Discrimination Among Children in Urban Slums

Gender bias continues to manifest itself in Indian society in spite of the right to equality enshrined in the constitution and the various laws. The girl child does not always enjoy the rights of childhood for reasons extraneous to her. It is the gender and culture that determines the position of girl child in the Indian social structure. This study analyzes the gender bias prevalent in the slum areas of Allahabad city of Uttar Pradesh. The sample consisted of 120 children aged five to ten years (60 of higher caste 60 lower caste; with 30 boys and 30 girls in each category). The data was collected through interview schedules administered on the mothers. To study the gender gap a Gender Disparity Index (GDI) was calculated. Results indicate the existence of strong gender bias in both the higher caste and the lower caste slum dwellers regarding the fulfillment of the demands of the children the type of work assigned to them the mode of punishment etc. The GDI values revealed slightly better position of girls in lower caste in comparison to the higher caste girls. (authors)

Role of ethylene diurea (EDU) in assessing impact of ozone on Vigna radiata L. plants in a suburban area of Allahabad (India)

A field study was conducted to evaluate the suitability of ethylene diurea ( N-[2-(2-oxo-1-imidazolidinyl)ethyl]- N′-phenylurea; EDU) in assessing the impact of O 3 on mung bean plants ( Vigna radiata L. var. Malviya Jyoti) grown in suburban area of Allahabad city situated in a dry tropical region of India. EDU is a synthetic chemical having anti-ozonant property. Mean monthly O 3 concentration varied between 64 and 69 μg m −3 during the experimental period. In comparison to EDU-treated plants, non-EDU-treated plants showed significant reductions in plant growth and yield under ambient conditions. Significant favourable effects of EDU-application were observed with respect to photosynthetic pigments, soluble protein, ascorbic acid and phenol contents. EDU-treated plants maintained higher levels of pigments, protein and ascorbic acid in foliage as compared to non-EDU-treated ones. The study clearly demonstrated that EDU alleviates the unfavourable effects of O 3 on mung bean plants, and therefore can be used as a tool to assess the growth and yield losses in areas having higher O 3 concentrations.

Amelioration of Indian urban air pollution phytotoxicity in Beta vulgaris L. by modifying NPK nutrients

Air pollution levels are increasing at an alarming rate in many developing countries, including India and causing a potential threat to crop production. Field experiments were conducted to examine the impact of urban air pollutants on biomass (yield) and some physiological and biochemical parameters of palak ( Beta vulgaris L. var. All Green) that grew from germination to maturity at seven periurban sites of Allahabad city having different concentrations of air pollutants under different levels of nutrients. The 6 h daily mean NO 2, SO 2 and O 3 concentrations varied from 2.5 to 42.5, 10.6 to 65 and 3.5 to 30.8 μg m −3, respectively at different locations. Levels of air pollution showed significant negative correlations with photosynthetic pigments, protein, ascorbic acid and starch contents and catalase activity of palak leaves. A significant negative correlation was found for total biomass with SO 2 ( r = −0.92), NO 2 ( r = −0.85) and O 3 ( r = −0.91) concentrations. The increased fertilizer application (N, P and K) over the recommended dose resulted in a positive response by reducing losses in photosynthetic pigments and total biomass. This study proved that ambient air pollution of Allahabad city is influencing negatively to the growth and yield of palak plants.