all-Russian Identity Research Articles

The problem of establishment of All-Russian identity in multinational regions of North Caucasus

The dissolution of the Soviet Union actualized the problems of seeking the spiritual guidelines for further development of the country in the nascent civil society. The “new” elite that separated from the yesterday’s Komsomol workers, saw itself as part of the rich and progressive West. However, building the single social, economic, and cultural community with Europe did not turn out successful. Therefore, the processes of seeking spiritual grounds and establishing an integral, unique, All-Russian identity became particularly relevant. The research carried out among youth on the national and regional levels, demonstrate different citizens’ assessments of their identity: All-Russian and regional. If All-Russian identity is more characteristic to the residents of large cities, then the majority of young residents of the national republics of North Caucasus prioritize their regional identity. The expert survey conducted in the Kabardino-Balkar Republic reveals that in the expert community, All-Russian and regional identities are equally important. It is also noted that some regions of North Caucasus are characterized by proliferation of the ideas of consolidation around the ethnic identity of closely related peoples residing in different regions of Russia and the world. For example, the sociopolitical environment of Turkic-speaking peoples indicates the political and cultural movement of Pan-Turkism, which is focused on consolidation of all Turkic peoples. In the central and western regions of North Caucasus prevail the Circassian social movements, which promote consolidation of the scattered Circassian communities in the regions of southern Russia.

RUSSIAN CIVIC IDENTITY OF YOUTH IN THE NORTH CAUCASUS: THE MAIN CHALLENGES AND RISKS OF CONFLICT

Based on the analysis of the results of the scientific research “Ethnopolitical processes in the Caucasus in the assessments and perceptions of modern youth” (grant RFBR and ANO EISR No. 19-011-31300), the content and features of the formation of an all-Russian civic identity among young people in the North Caucasus are reviewed. The purpose of the study is to identify the risk of conflict in the process of forming the all-Russian identity of youth in the North Caucasus. The objectives of the study: determination of the ratio of the all-Russian civic, regional, ethnic and religious identity in the portfolio of identities of the youth in the North Caucasus, the main actors in the formation of the foundations of the all-Russian identity, the importance of patriotism and civic engagement for young people, as well as assessing the role of the state in the process of forming the all-Russian identity. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study is made up of the main approaches and concepts of understanding the all-Russian civic identity. The empirical basis is sociological research consisting of assessments and views of young people in the North Caucasus. For the region, an extremely important task is the formation and development of an all-Russian civic identity, its integration with ethnic and regional identities in the minds of young people. Civic, regional, ethnic and religious identity in the minds of young people in the North Caucasus is in an unstable equilibrium state, which carries the risks of a conflict of identities. There is a demand among young people for active participation in the socio-political life of the region. The influence of the state, represented by the education system and state media, on the formation of the socio-political views of young people in the region is decreasing, and the role of the blogosphere and social networks is increasing. The state can become a leading actor in the formation of the all-Russian identity of the region, subject to the creation of a favorable social environment and the formation of functional feedback mechanisms between the authorities and the region’s youth.

The problem of the formation of the All-Russian civil identity in the North Caucasus

The article examines the problems of the formation of an all-Russian identity and the manifestation of the civil factor in the North Caucasus. The prerequisites for the emergence of contradictions between ethnic and civil identity are determined. Approaches to the possibility of solving the issue of correlation of Russian and North Caucasian cultural and historical experience are shown.

All-Russian Identity in the Orthodox-Islamic Borderland

All-Russian Identity in the Orthodox-Islamic Borderland

All-Russian Identity in the Orthodox-Islamic Borderland

All-Russian Identity in the Orthodox-Islamic Borderland

О социокультурных основаниях российской идентичности

The article summarizes the results of sociological surveys of all-Russian and ethnic identity. The author concludes that in conditions of relative weakness of civil structures and political culture of participation, all-Russian identity is based on a wide range of socio-cultural sources. Ethnic identity and culture of trust play an important role among them. All-Russian and ethnic identities (mainly ethnic identity of Russians as the majority of the country) mutually support and nourish each other. Emotional involvement and the inspiring impulse of the state-civil Russian identity are provided and supported by the participation of feelings, perceptions, motivations that are part of the ethnic (ethnocultural) identity complex. Attitudes of interethnic tolerance act as a connecting link between the processes of strengthening ethnic identity and the formation of state-civil identity. Generalized trust (to people in general) and to people you know (to neighbors, colleagues, friends), as well as the skills of interethnic tolerance, can make a great contribution to the formation of national civil unity. These components form a bridging social capital (according to R. Putnam), aimed at involving all citizens of the country into a single field of civil integration. An important conclusion of the research is that generalized trust in all study regions favors the formation of an all-Russian identity and interethnic tolerance. The sociocultural basis of all-Russian identity must be strengthened by political categories of self-determination, including legal equality and respect for the law, which gain weight along with the development of civil society and stable traditions of political participation.

Self-Consciousness of Russian Society

History testifies to the following: successful, long-term civilization projects were carried out when it was possible to find a successful combination of three identity levels: a local level (an ethnic language community), a regional level (a group of related cultures and languages that have common roots), and a global level (humanity). The key role is played by the second level, which ensures the organic mutual enrichment of national (local) cultures and through which bearers of the local ethno-linguistic community realize they are part of humanity. The actually unresolved issue of the second identity level for Russia very acutely poses the problem of the lack of formation of a stable national identity. Three variants for answering the question of the second identity level are considered: the Slavic one (Danilevskii), European one (Dostoevsky), and the Russia–Eurasia formula (classical Eurasianism). The author of this report has shown that none of the particular versions of cultural and civilizational identity in modern Russia can serve as an invariant of all-Russian identity, which raises the question of the need for gathering them (rather than bringing them to unity) based on the category of vsechelovecheskoe developed in Russian thought.

Development of the all-Russian identity as a component of professional training of future teachers and psychologists of education

Development of the all-Russian identity as a component of professional training of future teachers and psychologists of education

RUSSIAN NATIONAL-STATE IDENTITY: FACING CHALLENGES OF THE EARLY 21ST CENTURY

The authors offer their definition of national-state identity: a macro-political construct that projects the image of “us” (an “imaginary community”) to various dimensions (value-based, temporal, spatial, and symbolic). This image is supported by state institutions as well as the political and cultural tradition of national sovereignty. In the article, special attention is paid to the four systemic challenges of the Russian national-state identity. The first challenge - internal political - stems from the costs and contradictions of the institutional organization of state identity policy in modern Russia. The second national identity challenge is due to information globalization and, as a result, a drastic change in the information and political landscape of Russian society. The third challenge is determined by weakness and vagueness of the collective image of the future in the political consciousness of Russian citizens. The fourth Russian identity challenge is geopolitical in nature and is associated with memory wars, which actively unfolded in the post-Soviet space in the 2000s-2010s. The authors conclude that an effective response to the Russian national-state identity challenges could be a complex state identity policy. This policy can be described as a long-term strategy for the formation of a conventional all-Russian identity “matrix” through building and promotion of a balanced, internally consistent image of “us” and a set of social and political views, attitudes and values associated with it.

Интеграционный потенциал полиэтничного региона в контексте укрепления социокультурной безопасности

The article presents the analysis of problems of so-cio-cultural security in a multi-ethnic region on the example of the Stavropol region. The emphasis is placed on identifying an integration potential of a multi-ethnic region in the context of sociocultural security as a characteristic feature of an ethnocul-tural and ethno-confessional environment in which both society and a person are safe and they are not perceived as threats to each other. The article shows that it is the historically developed specific model of a civil society built on the basis of accounting for group ethnopolitical, ethnocultural and ethno-confessional interests that has the highest integra-tion potential. The main agents according to this model are interreligious and interethnic councils, commissions on interethnic and interconfessional relations, Cossack communities, councils of elders, councils of theologians, councils of clans and other institutions that have public authority. Due to the joint activities of the mentioned groups it is possible to build and maintain an interethnic and interreli-gious harmony, thus ensuring sociocultural securi-ty. An integration potential is also characteristic of such an element of a civil society as the existing unwritten rules, socially significant in the sphere of family and kinship, family and community, age and gender relations. It is asserted that linguistic pro-cesses also have an integration potential, namely preservation of cultural and linguistic heritage of ethnic communities as a condition for developing a national civic identity and strengthening of the lead-ing role of the Russian language in shaping an all-Russian identity.

Patriotism and Friendship of Peoples as the Basic Determinants of the Russian Civilization

Introduction. The article examines the nature and essence of patriotism and friendship of peoples, their crucial role for the life of the Russian Federation. Over the past decades, radical changes have taken place in the political system of Russia, its social and ethnic structure, and a heterogeneous ethno-confessional society has been formed. The author shows that patriotism and friendship of peoples are the most important determinants, specific properties necessary for the integration of our multinational federation ensuring order and stability in the country, its sustainable and dynamic development, the gradual formation of new supra-ethnic and supra-confessional values, and general cultural identity. Methods. The combination of applying methods and approaches is the key to studying the theory and practice of patriotism, recognizing its procedural nature, unity and opposition in the activities of the state and society, the interests of the government, political parties and social groups. The use of the polyparadigmatic methodology in studying the nature and essence of patriotism, in particular, the activity and civilizational approaches, the synergetic method, dialectic categories made it possible to determine the complexity and continuity of the formation of patriotism and patriotic work, to reveal dynamism and conflict, general and special features in them. Analysis. Studying the real state of Russian society points to the weakness of systemic activities of patriotic education, preserving and strengthening the unity and friendship between nations. The lack of a common goal problematizes the search for a common patriotic idea, new foundations for Russian civilization, the common existence of nations, the construction of a welfare state and a harmonious society. Results. The article reveals inadequacy of the declared ideas of patriotism and friendship of peoples to the policy and practice of implementing neoliberal values and the priority of individualism. The author shows that the process of further fragmentation and stratification, alienation and separation of people according to racial, national, ethnic, cultural, religious, confessional, generational, professional and other characteristics continues in society. The transition of already atomized individuals from the ethnic mentality and national behavioral stereotypes to a single patriotic goal – the all-Russian identity – is formal. Today, the activity on the formation of patriotism and patriotic attitudes of consciousness does not affect the deep, essential foundations of society, is of a festival and manipulative nature, and in many respects concerns only the military sphere, tourism and sports. The notes mentioned create significant difficulties in understanding the idea of the common welfare, genuine and false in patriotism, the definition of objective interests of the state, authority and society, social groups and individual elites. Modern globalization inevitably involves taking into account the national interests of Russia, the search for optimal forms of interconnection of civilizational and universal principles.

Проявление идентичности у этнодисперсных групп в многонациональном российском регионе (на примере евреев Башкортостана)

The problems of identity manifestation in ethno-disperse groups, in particular Jews, in the Republic of Bashkortostan as one of the polyethnic Russian regions are considered. The study is based on the analysis of ethnolinguistic identity of Jews in the region in the late 19 th , during 20 th and early 21 st centuries. It is noted that in the late 19 th - early 20 th centuries the ethnolinguistic identity of the Jewish population remained very high, but during the Soviet period, living in a multi-ethnic Republic, highly urbanized Jewish ethnic group, adapting to the local Russian-speaking environment, largely lost the native language of their nationality. Based on the results of a comparative analysis of the all-Union and all-Russian population censuses, it is proved that, despite the measures taken to revive the native languages, in the post-Soviet period, compared with the Soviet one, Jewish ethno-disperse group had no special changes in the ethnolinguistic identity - the recognition of the Jewish language as a native language remained very low. It is emphasized that the Jewish population living in Bashkortostan unlike representatives of other ethnic groups in the region (Bashkirs, Tatars, Russians, etc.), is mostly aware of the all-Russian identity more than regional.

Indicators Of Patriotism's Reproduction As A Marker Of Identification Matrix In Youth Environment Of Multiethnic Society

Patriotism as a multilevel phenomenon and the most important factor in the formation of identification guidelines and solidarist practices attracts much attention of the scientific community today. This problem is especially of current interest in the Russian scientific community as modern Russia seeks for indicatives of the all-Russian identity. However, it forms significant difficulties in the scope of the multi-ethnic and multi-cultural composition of Russian. The authors of this article consider that patriotism is as an indicator that can become the basis for the identification matrix of Russians as representatives of various ethno-cultural and age groups living in different regions of the country. So patriotism is important for young people. The younger generation is as the main resource of social reproduction and as the future image of any state. Therefore sociological analysis of indicators of patriotism's reproduction in its environment becomes fundamentally important. Processes of the formation of patriotic attitudes are as complex and contradictory in a multi-ethnic environment. For this reason the authors pay attention to the southern region as the most multi-ethnic region of the Russian state. The sociological empirical research was carrying out in Dagestan. We can to identify the main indicators of the formation and patriotism's reproduction in the youth environment of this region and also a number of problems impeding the becoming of a mature state-civil (Russian) youth identity by it. The authors think that these problems determine the need for the activity component in the system of indicators of patriotism. The last of them based on love for the Motherland as the emotional-sensory perception of phenomenon. The authors of this article are convinced of patriotism's impossibility without education of civic responsibility and readiness to act (work, study) for our Fatherland. This statement based on concept of civic patriotism which was chosen as methodological basis of this research. We consider patriotism as the most important resource for the formation of state-civic identity in the methodological scopes. Not only the study of patriotism, but also the developments of recommendations in the sphere of patriotic education of youth are relevant to prevent the risks of forming nationalistic attitudes that are very dangerous for multiethnic societies and states.

Indicators Of Patriotism's Reproduction As A Marker Of Identification Matrix In Youth Environment Of Multiethnic Society

Patriotism as a multilevel phenomenon and the most important factor in the formation of identification guidelines and solidarist practices attracts much attention of the scientific community today. This problem is especially of current interest in the Russian scientific community as modern Russia seeks for indicatives of the all-Russian identity. However, it forms significant difficulties in the scope of the multi-ethnic and multi-cultural composition of Russian. The authors of this article consider that patriotism is as an indicator that can become the basis for the identification matrix of Russians as representatives of various ethno-cultural and age groups living in different regions of the country. So patriotism is important for young people. The younger generation is as the main resource of social reproduction and as the future image of any state. Therefore sociological analysis of indicators of patriotism's reproduction in its environment becomes fundamentally important. Processes of the formation of patriotic attitudes are as complex and contradictory in a multi-ethnic environment. For this reason the authors pay attention to the southern region as the most multi-ethnic region of the Russian state. The sociological empirical research was carrying out in Dagestan. We can to identify the main indicators of the formation and patriotism's reproduction in the youth environment of this region and also a number of problems impeding the becoming of a mature state-civil (Russian) youth identity by it. The authors think that these problems determine the need for the activity component in the system of indicators of patriotism. The last of them based on love for the Motherland as the emotional-sensory perception of phenomenon. The authors of this article are convinced of patriotism's impossibility without education of civic responsibility and readiness to act (work, study) for our Fatherland. This statement based on concept of civic patriotism which was chosen as methodological basis of this research. We consider patriotism as the most important resource for the formation of state-civic identity in the methodological scopes. Not only the study of patriotism, but also the developments of recommendations in the sphere of patriotic education of youth are relevant to prevent the risks of forming nationalistic attitudes that are very dangerous for multiethnic societies and states.

Современные технологии формирования общероссийской идентичности

Современные технологии формирования общероссийской идентичности

Power as a Social Phenomenon: The Nature and Importance in the Constructionof the All-Russian Identity

Background/Objectives: Governance as a social phenomenon is a fundamental, in a certain sense eternal, problem of social and philosophical thought, growing interest of which in the scientific community naturally falls on turning points in social development. Methods/Statistical Analysis: We used the systematic and comprehensive approach that involves the use of cultural, dialectical, ontological methods, as well as methods of historicism and objectivity. Findings: The essence of power as a social phenomenon consists in the social nature of its rationality outward-oriented to a special organization of the environment on the basis of the objectives of the nearest and distant future. The essence of power as a social phenomenon is shown outwardly in the organization of the external environment of achieving a particular result which is determined by it as a target at a certain historical period, based on the interests of the state. The value of power as a social phenomenon in the construction of all-Russian national identity consists in the purposeful use of practices of power at the all-national level, comprising the whole society vertical, where the ultimate goal is consolidation of society. The value of power as a social phenomenon in the construction of all-Russian national identity appears as a fundamental principle of serving simultaneously in several guises: both as a triggering, and as an organizing and guiding principle, directing the energy of the person, group and society as a whole. Applications/Improvements: The successful implementation of the construction of the power of all-Russian national identity will allow simultaneously solving several interrelated problems from the solution of which largely depends the future of Russia: the humanization of interpersonal relations, creating a favorable adaptation climate in the country, consolidation of society.

Russia in Search of National Integration Model

National identity is an important factor in the social consolidation of the society as a prerequisite for national integration. In this regard, the article attempts to find the all-Russian identity, being able to overcome the disintegrative potential of ethnic and ethno-confessional diversity in the Russian society. National and civilizational identity, formed on the basis of an image of Russia as a local civilization can become such identity. The difficulties in the formation of the national and civilizational identity as one of the models of national integration are determined, on the one hand, by the presence of the different civilizational images of Russia in the discourse, and on the other hand, by the fact that the civilizational identity matrix is currently on the periphery of the mass consciousness in the Russian society, therefore socio-cultural and institutional practices acquire a special role in its construction. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n4s4p209

Gubernatorial Politics in Sverdlovsk Oblast'

A Russian political scientist provides a detailed examination of politics in the Sverdlovsk oblast' of the Russian Federation. Focus includes Governor Eduard Rossel's efforts to increase the power of regions vis-à-vis Moscow, and Rossel's relations with the region's political and economic elites as well as with neighboring regional leaders. Analysis covers the politics of institutional reform, economic constraints, the politics of regional identity – including organized attempts to construct a Ural identity independent of an all-Russian identity – public attitudes, social protest, opposition politics, and clientelism.