Alkaline Alcoholic Medium Research Articles

Synthesis, Identification, Biological Evaluation of Seven-membered Heterocyclic Derivatives from 2,3-di Chloroaniline

This study?s focus was centered on the synthesis of heterocyclic compounds incorporating a seven-membered ring, specifically 1,3-oxazepine. The initial phase of the synthesis involved the preparation of azo compound (1) through the coupling of the diazonium salt of 2,3-dichloroaniline with 4-bromoacetophenone in an alkaline alcoholic medium. This was then succeeded by the reaction of azo compound (1) with 4-nitroaniline and 4-methoxyaniline in absolute ethanol, employing glacial acetic acid as a catalyst, resulting in Schiff base derivatives (2) and (3), respectively. Subsequent to this, Schiff base (2) was reacted with phthalic anhydride and maleic anhydride, as well as succinic anhydride, in a dehydrated benzene environment, leading to the formation of heterocyclic seven-membered compounds (4), (5), and (6), respectively. Finally, Schiff base (3) was subjected to reaction with phthalic anhydride and maleic anhydride, as well as succinic anhydride, in dry benzene, resulting in the synthesis of heterocyclic seven-membered compounds (7), (8), and (9) respectively. Each of these synthesized compounds underwent characterization through Fourier-transform infrared and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic analysis, and the progress of reactions was monitored through Rf and thin-layer chromatography techniques. Melting points were recorded as part of the characterization process. In addition, an investigation into the biological activity of these compounds was conducted against both positive and negative bacterial strains.. KEYWORDS :Azo compounds, Oxazepine, Schiff bases.

Synthesis and Characterization of Some New Heterocyclic Derivatives and Studying of their Biological Activity (Anti-Bacteria)

Introduction: In this work synthesis, many kinds of heterocyclic derivatives by many steps, the first we preparation 1-(4-((1H-imidazol_2-yl-) diazenyl) phenyl) ethan-1_one. (1) by coupling of diazonium salt of p-amino acetophenone with imidazole in alkaline alcoholic media, the second step include react (1) with 2_amino_6_methylpyrimidin _4_ol in acid medium to get Schiff base derivatives(2)the last step include react(2) with (sodium azide, thioglycolic acid, glycine, alanine, Tryptophan, (2 aminobenzoic acid), (2-mercaptobenzoic acid) to give (tetrazole(3), thiazolidine(4), imidazolidine(5-7), Thiazinie(8), Quinazoline (9) derivatives, respectively. All these derivatives Characterization by FTIR, 1HNMR, 13C-NMR, After that we studied the biological activity for all derivatives for all derivatives studied the anticancer for (2).

Sensitive spectrophotometric determination of Co(II) using dispersive liquid-liquid micro-extraction method in soil samples.

Analytical performance of conventional spectrophotometer was developed by coupling of effective dispersive liquid-liquid micro-extraction method with spectrophotometric determination for ultra-trace determination of cobalt. The method was based on the formation of Co(II)-alpha-benzoin oxime complex and its extraction using a dispersive liquid-liquid micro-extraction technique. During the present work, several important variables such as pH, ligand concentration, amount and type of dispersive, and extracting solvent were optimized. It was found that the crucial factor for the Co(II)-alpha benzoin oxime complex formation is the pH of the alkaline alcoholic medium. Under the optimized condition, the calibration graph was linear in the ranges of 1.0-110 μg L(-1) with the detection limit (S/N = 3) of 0.5 μg L(-1). The preconcentration operation of 25 mL of sample gave enhancement factor of 75. The proposed method was applied for determination of Co(II) in soil samples.

Development and validation of a micromethod for fast quantification of 5-n-alkylresorcinols in grains and whole grain products

A 96-well plate micromethod was developed to measure 5-n-alkylresorcinols (5nARs) in cereal grains and food derived products. The 5nARs reacted in alkaline alcoholic medium with Fast Blue RR ½ZnCl2 salt to yield coloured azo-derivatives. The highest sensitivity for 5nARs was obtained at 490nm with 0.025% ethanolic Fast Blue RR and 5% K2CO3. This reaction showed good linearity for olivetol (0.05–0.20μg). Contents of 5nARs determined in cereal grains and derived products by the new Fast Blue RR micromethod were highly correlated (R2=0.9944) with those obtained by a Fast Blue B method currently used. A Bland–Altman analysis indicated a small positive bias near to zero (R2=0.0401), suggesting that the methods can be interchangeably used. The new reaction is completed in 15min and the coloured products are read within the 15min after completion. The micromethod offers a fast analysis of 5nARs in cereal grains and derived products with low consumption of reagents and solvents.

Regiospecific Synthesis of α-Diones, α,α-Dialkoxyketones and α-Alkoxy-α-sulfenylated Ketones

A convenient synthesis of α-diones and their monoprotected acetals, i.e. α-ketoacetals, was developed by mercury induced solvolysis of regiospecifically formed α-chloro-α-(alkylthio)ketones. Analogously, α-alkoxy-α-sulfenylated ketones were formed when reacting α-chloro-α-sulfenylated ketones with an alkaline alcoholic medium. α-Alkoxy-α-sulfenylated ketones themselves could be transformed into α-diones or α-ketoacetals, which in turn were hydrolyzed under anhydrous conditions into the corresponding α-diones.

Simple and competitive catalytic hydrogenation of nitrobenzene, allyl benzyl ether and benzyl crotyl ether in alkaline alcoholic media

The catalytic hydrogenation of nitrobenzene into aniline, in ethanolic solutions modified by different additions of KOH, was studied. Platinum catalysts supported on graphite were used. In ethanolic solutions, different dimer reaction intermediates (azoxybenzene, azobenzene, hydrazobenzene), strongly adsorbed on the catalyst, were formed thus inducing a decrease of selectivity in aniline. The best selectivity in aniline was obtained in a neutral or slightly alkaline solution. The competitive hydrogenation of nitrobenzene with benzylic ethers (allyl benzyl ether: C 6H 5–CH 2–O–CH 2–CHCH 2 and benzyl crotyl ether: C 6H 5–CH 2–O–CH 2–CHCH–CH 3) was also studied in the same experimental conditions, as a function of the acidity of the solution (obtained by addition of KOH or H 2SO 4). In an acid solution the group CC was more easily hydrogenated than the NO 2 group whereas in an alkaline solution the opposite result was obtained. The hydrogenation rate of the crotyl group was lower than that of the allyl group and became equal to zero in strong alkaline solutions. This result can be explained by a steric effect and/or an electronic donor effect of the methyl group.

Spectrophotometric determination of alkyl salicylate from the mixture of phenyl and alkyl salicylates by the use of the selective reactivity of phenyl salicylate toward secondary amines

Salicylate esters have been used as topical analgesics where an alcoholic component acts as the solvent. Phenyl salicylate, for example, is used in salol aqueous cream which contains a cream base with 5% propylene glycol. Recently, Irwin et al. [1-3] have shown the occurrence of transesterification of salicylate esters in alkaline alcoholic medium which could lead to serious problems in such pharmaceutical formulations. The kinetic studies on these transesterification reactions carried out by Irwin et al. [1-3] involve the high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) technique. Recently, the author observed that piperidine is highly reactive toward phenyl salicylate and completely nonreactive toward methyl and ethyl salicylates [4, 5]. This selective reactivity of piperidine toward phenyl salicylate could be used to quantitatively estimate the alkyi salicylate (formed when phenyi salicylate is mixed with alkanol) by using an alternative spectrophotometric technique. The details of the method, and its use in the estimation of the 2-hydroxyethyl salicylate formed in the reaction of phenyl salicylate with 1,2ethanediol, are described in this paper.

Etude d'un schema de synthese peptidique intramoleculaire a l'aide de derives du phosphore tetraedrique

A new scheme of repetitive and controlled peptide synthesis offers two advantages compared to the usual methods of synthesis : two steps only are used for the prolongation of a peptide chain with an aminoacid residue and the risk of racemisation is minimized. The two postulated steps are verified particularly by the rearrangement, in an alkaline alcoholic medium, of phosphordiamides 1 incorporating one amino-acid residue, leading to the formation of the peptide derivatives 6 and 8. The severe limitations of this method are discussed.

Preparation of quinazoline derivatives through ring closure of aromatic ortho‐cyano‐acylamino compounds in alkaline alcoholic or phenolic medium II

AbstractSome new quinazoline derivatives were prepared by boiling the appropriate ortho‐cyano‐acylaminobenzene in alkaline alcoholic medium. Proofs of the constitution of the quinazoline derivatives are given.

423. Mechanism of elimination reactions. Part XIII. Kinetics of olefin elimination from isopropyl-, sec.-butyl-, and 1-phenylethyl-dimethylsulphonium salts in alkaline alcoholic media

423. Mechanism of elimination reactions. Part XIII. Kinetics of olefin elimination from isopropyl-, sec.-butyl-, and 1-phenylethyl-dimethylsulphonium salts in alkaline alcoholic media

422. Mechanism of elimination reactions. Part XII. Kinetics of olefin eliminations from ethyl-, n-propyl-, n-butyl, isobutyl-, and 2-phenyl-ethyl-dimethylsulphonium salts in alkaline alcoholic media

422. Mechanism of elimination reactions. Part XII. Kinetics of olefin eliminations from ethyl-, n-propyl-, n-butyl, isobutyl-, and 2-phenyl-ethyl-dimethylsulphonium salts in alkaline alcoholic media

419. Mechanism of elimination reactions. Part IX. Kinetics of olefin elimination from n-propyl, n-butyl, n-amyl, and isobutyl bromides in alkaline alcoholic media

419. Mechanism of elimination reactions. Part IX. Kinetics of olefin elimination from n-propyl, n-butyl, n-amyl, and isobutyl bromides in alkaline alcoholic media

420. Mechanism of elimination reactions. Part X. Kinetics of olefin elimination from isopropyl, sec.-butyl, 2-n-amyl, and 3-n-amyl bromides in acidic and alkaline alcoholic media

420. Mechanism of elimination reactions. Part X. Kinetics of olefin elimination from isopropyl, sec.-butyl, 2-n-amyl, and 3-n-amyl bromides in acidic and alkaline alcoholic media