Alignment Of Resources Research Articles

Effect of Resource Alignment on Organizational Performance of Listed Energy and Petroleum Companies in Kenya

Effect of Resource Alignment on Organizational Performance of Listed Energy and Petroleum Companies in Kenya

The Role of Strategic Foresight on Dynamic Capabilities

Purpose: Strategic Foresight (SF) is required for an organization in facing Uncertainty, Complexity and Ambiguity environment to maintain relevant in future. Recently, researchers have argued that strategic planning (SP) can be considered a dynamic capability (DC) in organizations. Thus the purpose of this Paper is investigate the role of Strategic Foresight on Dynamic Capabilities of firms. Methodology: This theoretical effort presents a brief review and argues that Strategic Foresight is one of the micro-foundations of Dynamic Capabilities because it supports the seizing and continuous alignment of assets and resources. Under this perspective, SF has a role in the development and implementation of all organizational DCs and is not restricted to a DC specifically. Findings: The results show that strategic foresight is effective in creating dynamic capabilities. Originality/Value: Although scholars generally agree that companies require dynamic capabilities to flexibly respond to and shape uncertain environments, only little empirical research has been conducted on the factors that facilitate the development of these capabilities. This study addresses this gap and introduces strategic foresight as an important antecedent of firms’ dynamic capabilities.

A resource-based analysis of strategic alliances between knowledge intermediaries in regional innovation support systems

Notwithstanding a recent upsurge in interest in knowledge intermediaries and their roles in innovation support systems, we know little about the interplay between the activities of academia-driven intermediaries and their publicly financed counterparts. Building on a combination of principles derived from the resource-based theory and entrepreneurial ecosystems literature, this paper investigates the potentials of cooperation between different knowledge intermediaries. Therefore, the authors analyze the alignment of financial, knowledge, market and network resources in politically funded regional alliances between university-internal and university-external intermediaries by means of a qualitative approach. They find that, while knowledge intermediaries can benefit from access to additional ecosystem-specific resources, the urge to improve their own position within the ecosystem hampers the will to cooperate and can lead to non-performing resource alignments. The paper contributes to current scholarly discussions by suggesting and testing a theoretical foundation for analyzing the cooperative behavior of knowledge intermediaries in innovation support systems.

Factors Influencing the Adoption of Magnetic Resonance-Guided High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound for Painful Bone Metastases in Europe, A Group Concept Mapping Study.

Magnetic resonance imaging-guided high-intensity focused ultrasound (MR-HIFU) is an innovative treatment for patients with painful bone metastases. The adoption of MR-HIFU will be influenced by several factors beyond its effectiveness. To identify contextual factors affecting the adoption of MR-HIFU, we conducted a group concept mapping (GCM) study in four European countries. The GCM was conducted in two phases. First, the participants brainstormed statements guided by the focus prompt "One factor that may influence the uptake of MR-HIFU in clinical practice is...". Second, the participants sorted statements into categories and rated the statements according to their importance and changeability. To generate a concept map, multidimensional scaling and cluster analysis were conducted, and average ratings for each (cluster of) factors were calculated. Forty-five participants contributed to phase I and/or II (56% overall participation rate). The resulting concept map comprises 49 factors, organized in 12 clusters: "competitive treatments", "physicians' attitudes", "alignment of resources", "logistics and workflow", "technical disadvantages", "radiotherapy as first-line therapy", "aggregating knowledge and improving awareness", "clinical effectiveness", "patients' preferences", "reimbursement", "cost-effectiveness" and "hospital costs". The factors identified echo those from the literature, but their relevance and interrelationship are case-specific. Besides evidence on clinical effectiveness, contextual factors from 10 other clusters should be addressed to support adoption of MR-HIFU.

THE IMPACT OF STRATEGIC HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT ON ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE

Strategic Human Resource Management (SHRM) is concerned with the role human resource management systems play in firm performance, primarily focusing on the alignment of human resources as a means of gaining competitive advantage. The purpose of this research is to identify the Impact of Strategic Human Resource Management (SHRM) on Performance Organizations. The method used is literature by using an approach that uses specific examples from academic research on the impact of human resource strategy management on organizational performance. From this review, descriptions and conclusions will be drawn for later evaluation into new research that can be implied in the organization. The results and discussion are divided into 3, namely Human Resources as a Source of Competitive Advantage, the Strategic Role of Human Resources, and the impact of Strategic Human Resource Management (SHRM) on Performance Organizations. Based on the results of the analysis in this study it can be said that human resources are a source of sustainable advantage, while, traditionally, the costs associated with developing HR strategies as operational costs, these costs would be better off as an investment in assets. Then, the direct source found in this study is human resources which rarely have an effect on company performance.

From hierarchical control to flexible interactive electricity services: A path to decarbonisation

This paper first reviews today’s hierarchical control and highlights modelling and control assumptions which may no longer hold in the changing electric energy systems. To overcome this fundamental problem, we conceptualise electric energy systems as complex dynamical systems using physically intuitive multi-layered energy modelling as the basis for systematic diverse technology integration and control. Such modelling exhibits unique structure which comes from the conservation of instantaneous power ( P ) and the rate of change of instantaneous reactive power ( Q ̇ ). We name P and Q ̇ as the rate of change of interaction variables (intVar) for characterising the interface of each system module with the rest of the system. The intVars are used as a means to model and control the interactive zoomed-out inter-modular (inter-area, inter-component) system dynamics. The control is distributed and modular as it utilises only a low-level detailed technology-specific model and intVar info exchange with the neighbours. As a result, the proposed approach can be used to support orderly and natural evolution from today’s hierarchical control to flexible interactive protocols for electricity services, key to implementing decarbonisation. • T&D system needs to be operated in a flexible data-enabled way in order to manage uncertainties in an efficient manner. • Efficient energy service requires temporal, spatial and functional alignment of energy resources and demand. • Models of interactions subject to conservation of instantaneous power and reactive power dynamics can be used to formulate optimization problems in the energy space as convex linear problems.

International Industrial Selling: Demands, Resources, and Burnout

ABSTRACT Purpose The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of job demands and resources on international salesperson burnout. While general salesperson job demands are known, the current study seeks to identify role demands which are predominantly faced by international sales executives. Methodology/approach Job Demands-Resource Theory provides a foundation to expand the study of burnout to the international sales executive context. In addition, given the lack of established literature on international salesperson burnout, a grounded theory approach is ideal. Thirteen informants with experience selling internationally in all regions of the world were interviewed. The interviews averaged about 30 minutes and equated to 124 transcribed pages.A four-step process was applied to conduct this study. Step 1: Reviewing existing literature to guide the study. Step 2: Determine the analytical approach – including creating the interview guide, establishing sales profile criteria, and determining the data collection process. Step 3: Conducting the interviews, listening to the recorded interviews, and reading the transcripts. Step 4: Identifying themes and reporting the findings. Findings Four job demands are identified that are exacerbated within an international sales context (demands of understanding different cultures, the complexity of international business, understanding business, and demand of international travel). Job resources, at the firm and individual level, are examined as a buffer used to reduce the impact of job demands on burnout. Internal support and resource alignment were impactful at the firm level. Personal investments, personal time, and grit were impactful at the individual level. Additionally, this study identified sales closure rates, work-family conflict, and fight as self-undermining aspects that international sales executives experience. Research implications International sales research has remained limited. In 2011, only 97 articles were found over a 30-year period in the top 15 leading journal. To help address this limitation, this study identifies how job demands can lead to burnout, if not actively managed, within an international sales context. Practical implications The findings from this research indicate that managers need to be cognizant of the complexities of international travel. Duration to win can be much longer, win rates are significantly lower than domestic markets, and expenses can be significantly higher. Maximizing long-term results while balancing short-term costs need considerable attention. At a personal level, sales executives are more impactful when proper company policies and channels for communication with senior executives are aligned.International sales executives work in a function that requires travel away from home for two-to-three weeks at a time. Creating special policies for international sales executives to balance work and family can optimize company profitability while minimizing employee self-undermining. Originality/value/contribution This research provides a foundation for the examination of Job-Demand Resource Theory within an international selling context. Based on the results, seven propositions are developed to advance this stream of research. In addition, a series ofguidelines are offered for international firms to use in managing their salesforce

Value co-creation in the multinational technology standard alliance: a case study from emerging economies

PurposeThis paper aims to explore and analyze how a focal firm, coming from emerging economies, of the multinational technology standard alliance ecosystem engages different actors of the alliance in value co-creation practice, contributing to product collaborative innovation and reciprocal standards cooperation.Design/methodology/approachBased on in-depth interviews, primary company, and secondary documents, this paper conducts an exploratory single case study of TechAlpha to investigate the practice of value co-creation in the multinational technology standard alliance (MTSA).FindingsBased on the extended resource-based view (ERBV), this paper finds that in the MTSA ecosystem, actor engagement sets the anchor for the focal firm in the MTSA to dominate the resource interaction, achieving a greater interaction through goal co-discussion, standard co-construction and achievement co-sharing. Resource interaction is composed of standard resource identification, standard resource sharing, and standard resource alignment, putting a high value on the practice of value co-creation. Value co-creation dominated by the focal firm of the MTSA is embodied in the synergy of actor engagement and resource interaction.Originality/valueThis paper contributes to the relevant literature by illustrating how the focal firm coming from emerging economies of the MTSA enables value co-creation through adjusting the situation of actor engagement and exerting its standards resource interaction. This paper also advances the process of acquisition, integration, and reconstruction of heterogeneous resources throughout the MTSA by offering a new supplementary perspective and new evidence from a Chinese firm.

Optimal Planning of Health Services through Genetic Algorithm and Discrete Event Simulation: A Proposed Model and Its Application to Stroke Rehabilitation Care.

Background. Increasing demand for provision of care to stroke survivors creates challenges for health care planners. A key concern is the optimal alignment of health care resources between provision of acute care, rehabilitation, and among different segments of rehabilitation, including inpatient rehabilitation, early supported discharge (ESD), and outpatient rehabilitation (OPR). We propose a novel application of discrete event simulation (DES) combined with a genetic algorithm (GA) to identify the optimal configuration of rehabilitation that maximizes patient benefits subject to finite health care resources. Design. Our stroke rehabilitation optimal model (sROM) combines DES and GA to identify an optimal solution that minimizes wait time for each segment of rehabilitation by changing care capacity across different segments. sROM is initiated by generating parameters for DES. GA is used to evaluate wait time from DES. If wait time meets specified stopping criteria, the search process stops at a point at which optimal capacity is reached. If not, capacity estimates are updated, and an additional iteration of the DES is run. To parameterize the model, we standardized real-world data from medical records by fitting them into probability distributions. A meta-analysis was conducted to determine the likelihood of stroke survivors flowing across rehabilitation segments. Results. We predict that rehabilitation planners in Alberta, Canada, have the potential to improve services by increasing capacity from 75 to 113 patients per day for ESD and from 101 to 143 patients per day for OPR. Compared with the status quo, optimal capacity would provide ESD to 138 (s = 29.5) more survivors and OPR to 262 (s = 45.5) more annually while having an estimated net annual cost savings of $25.45 (s = 15.02) million. Conclusions. The combination of DES and GA can be used to estimate optimal service capacity.HighlightsWe created a hybrid model combining a genetic algorithm and discrete event simulation to search for the optimal configuration of health care service capacity that maximizes patient outcomes subject to finite health system resources.We applied a probability distribution fitting process to standardize real-world data to probability distributions. The process consists of choosing the distribution type and estimating the parameters of that distribution that best reflects the data. Standardizing real-word data to a best-fitted distribution can increase model generalizability.In an illustrative study of stroke rehabilitation care, resource allocation to stroke rehabilitation services under an optimal configuration allows provision of care to more stroke survivors who need services while reducing wait time.Resources needed to expand rehabilitation services could be reallocated from the savings due to reduced wait time in acute care units. In general, the predicted optimal configuration of stroke rehabilitation services is associated with a net cost savings to the health care system.

Enteral nutrition support for infants with pulmonary hypoplasia: A qualitative evaluation of caregiver and provider perspectives.

Enteral nutrition is a critical intervention that supports the growth of children with pulmonary hypoplasia (PH). We explored the experiences of caregivers and providers caring for children with PH to better understand gaps in knowledge transfer and identify barriers and facilitators to caregiving to inform interventions that may improve support. This qualitative study included 10 interviews with caregivers and 10 clinical team members at a single integrated care program for children with PH. An inductive and iterative coding strategy was employed to produce a codebook. After cluster analysis, themes were generated to capture participant sentiments. Themes were defined along a care continuum (1) initiation, (2) adaptation, and (3) maintenance that represented distinct phases of adjustment to enteral nutrition support (1) in the perinatal period and initial neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission, (2) from discharge planning through the family's first days at home and establishment of a stable feeding regime, and (3) through long-term follow-up and weaning. Notable subthemes included uncertainty, partnerships in training, and obstacles to adaptation. Among children with PH, the caregiver-provider relationship during the perinatal and NICU course is critical to promoting caregiver adaptation to the needs of the child. Ongoing considerations to support resource alignment and transition to a stable feeding regimen may facilitate caregiver adjustment to a "new normal," culminating in successful growth and/or weaning. These findings will inform interventions focused on training curricula, discharge planning, and the provision of follow-up in the context of an integrated care program for PH.

Dynamic capabilities, strategic planning and performance: a virtuous and mutually reinforcing cycle

AbstractRecently, researchers have argued that strategic planning (SP) can be considered a dynamic capability (DC) in organizations – known as dynamic SP. However, the literature that discusses both SP and DCs supports different comprehensions of how both interact, resulting in different sets of research with contradictory findings. This theoretical effort presents a brief review and argues that SP is one of the microfoundations of DCs because it supports the seizing and continuous alignment of assets and resources. Under this perspective, SP has a role in the development and implementation of all organizational DCs and is not restricted to a DC specifically. It is argued that the interactions between DCs, SP and performance over time can lead to the learning needed for better DCs, SP and performance in a virtuous and mutually reinforcing cycle.

Mapping and Making Meaning from Undergraduate Student Engagement in High-Impact Educational Practices

Institutions of higher education often have multiple entry points for first-time and transfer college students to engage in high-impact educational practices (HIPs), well documented to advance student learning outcomes. Some students may seek out repeated opportunities while others engage very little or not at all in activities such as student-faculty research, study abroad, internships, first-year cohort programs, service-learning, and the like. When institutions maintain decentralized data and records on students’ participation, obtaining a true understanding of the "who, what, when, and where" of HIPs can be difficult. In this paper, we present an institutional strategy for longitudinal collection of data for nearly 5,000 entering students across six years and nine different categories of HIPs, and we discuss the opportunities and implications of performing such a study. Additionally, we provide examples of how disaggregation of student data is crucial for using the results to improve curriculum and resource alignment for institutional research and institutional change purposes, supporting the goal of inclusive and equitable college engagement portfolios for all students.

The role of diversity and coherence in the emergence and consolidation of a regional entrepreneurial ecosystem

ObjetivoExplorar o grau de diversidade e coerência dos componentes do ecossistema empresarial em níveis micro, meso e macro na província de Sabana Centro na Colômbia, com a finalidade de estabelecer os pontos fortes e oportunidades de melhoria do referido ecossistema.MetodologiaAnálise cruzada de casos múltiplos.ResultadosA análise das informações mostra que o ecossistema empreendedor em estudo pode ser categorizado como um sistema em desequilíbrio, devido à grande diversidade que apresenta em termos de seus atores, recursos e programas de apoio. Em termos de coerência, o ecossistema não alcançou um objetivo comum em relação aos processos de empreendedorismo, nem o reconhecimento dos pontos fortes de seus atores e as necessidades específicas dos empreendedores.Originalidade e valorA pesquisa contribui para o desenvolvimento do campo de estudo dos ecossistemas empresariais. O trabalho mostra que nos estágios iniciais de formação de um ecossistema empreendedor é necessária a diversidade de componentes que geram heterogeneidade. Mas esta diversidade tem que ser apoiada por políticas, leis e financiamento, para alcançar a coerência entre os diferentes componentes e níveis.Implicações práticas e sociaisO estudo do ecossistema empreendedor em uma determinada região permitiu: (a) conhecer os pontos fortes do ecossistema, (b) conhecer o grau de alinhamento dos atores, recursos e programas na região (c) identificar a preferência de apoios e programas para determinados tipos de empreendimentos de baixo impacto econômico e social, (d) o ecossistema empreendedor da província tem se caracterizado por sua auto-organização, mas a necessidade de uma liderança institucional que articule esforços para consolidar o ecossistema é evidente.

Pathways to cures for multiple sclerosis: A research roadmap

Background: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a growing global health challenge affecting nearly 3 million people. Progress has been made in the understanding and treatment of MS over the last several decades, but cures remain elusive. The National MS Society is focused on achieving cures for MS. Objectives: Cures for MS will be hastened by having a roadmap that describes knowledge gaps, milestones, and research priorities. In this report, we share the Pathways to Cures Research Roadmap and recommendations for strategies to accelerate the development of MS cures. Methods: The Roadmap was developed through engagement of scientific thought leaders and people affected by MS from North America and the United Kingdom. It also included the perspectives of over 300 people living with MS and was endorsed by many leading MS organizations. Results: The Roadmap consist of three distinct but overlapping cure pathways: (1) stopping the MS disease process, (2) restoring lost function by reversing damage and symptoms, and (3) ending MS through prevention. Better alignment and focus of global resources on high priority research questions are also recommended. Conclusions: We hope the Roadmap will inspire greater collaboration and alignment of global resources that accelerate scientific breakthroughs leading to cures for MS.

Locational boundness of resource, compatibility of production, and downside risks of multinationality

AbstractResearch SummaryWe extend the multinational operational flexibility literature by examining how the characteristics of resources and capabilities within a portfolio of international investments affect its downside risks. We postulate that non‐location bound resources and capabilities within an international investment portfolio are crucial to reducing switching costs and enhancing cross‐country switchability, thus curbing downside risks. Our large sample of Korean multinational corporations reveals that globally sourced production inputs or more technological capabilities help curb downside risks, while locally sourced inputs or more marketing capabilities do not. We additionally find that the positive effect of less locational boundness is more salient when the portfolio has a high product relatedness or standardization.Managerial SummaryThis study provides some managerial implications for international business managers. The findings suggest that the downside risk reduction effect of multinationality varies by heterogeneous resource and production conditions. They indicate that the locational boundness embedded in marketing capability, technological capability, and product type affects cross‐border switchability. IB managers make strategic decisions on resource and product types for their overseas manufacturing subsidiaries in the configuration and coordination processes of their internationalization to maximize multinational operational flexibility. A more effective alignment of resources and capabilities with the strategic intent of boosting geographic fungibility facilitates effective production shifts within the same production network.

Shifting to phygital experience management with design science: a six-step method to manage customer journeys

ABSTRACT This research addresses the issue of phygital customer journey management by proposing a conceptual framework. The framework allows for the development of an artifact in the form of a six-step method accompanied by an experiential blueprint. To do so, a methodology taken from design science is applied. The research highlights new customer journey management capabilities and contributes to the theory of marketing capabilities, viewing the alignment of company and customer resources as a central issue in experience management. As one of the first to use the design science research methodology (DRSM) in the field of marketing, this research also contributes to the renewal of the methodologies used by both practitioners and researchers.

Entrepreneurship Development of Beneficiary Families from Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH) through Village-Owned Enterprises (Study at Village-Owned Enterprise Karya Mekar Sukajadi Cianjur)

This research discusses the entrepreneurship development of beneficiaries which is carried out through the BUMDes institution. The BUMDes chosen is BUMDes Karya Mekar, which is one of the BUMDes that involves the beneficiaries of the Family Hope Program in the BUMDes business. Located in the area of ​​Sukajadi Village, Campaka District, Cianjur Regency. This research uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive research type. The research objective is to describe the input, process, and output in entrepreneurship for beneficiaries through BUMDes. Data collection methods used are through interviews, observation, and documentation studies. The results showed that the entrepreneurship development of beneficiaries through BUMDes can be seen from the input (environmental factors, individuals, organizations), process (alignment of resources), and output (organizational, individual, and community benefits), the three of which are a series that are inseparable from one another. This research brings the benefit that the presence of KPM PKH has made BUMDes a pillar of economic activity in the village that can function as a social or commercial institution. Entrepreneurship development for KPM PKH through BUMDes has created KPM PKH entrepreneurs in the future. BUMDes is expected to be able to increase community efforts in managing the economic potential of the Village.

Who Takes Risks? A Framework on Organizational Risk‐Taking During Sudden‐Onset Disasters

Do humanitarian organizations exhibit similar risk‐taking behavior? This study analyzed 60 interviews from 24 case studies on four types of organizations involved in disaster response: established, expanding, extending, and emergent. By elaborating on organizational attention theory, this study investigated how organizational tasks, structures, attention, and context combine to influence organizational risk‐taking behavior by different organizational types during sudden‐onset disasters. Counterintuitively, the results indicate that two organizational types shift their risk‐taking behavior in reverse directions during disaster response stages. Expanding organizations (e.g., primary disaster response NGOs) are generally risk‐averse during the immediate response stage but become risk‐taking during the short‐term recovery stage. In contrast, extending organizations (e.g., homeless shelters) are risk‐taking during the immediate response but become risk‐averse during short‐term recovery. While established organizations are generally risk‐averse, the study differentiated between two sub‐types of established organizations with nuanced differences in risk‐taking behavior. Finally, while emergent organizations show a propensity toward risk‐taking, the results differentiate between two emergent sub‐types, where the socially emergent sub‐type (e.g., church volunteer groups) shows more pronounced risk‐taking behavior than the enterprise emergent subtype (e.g., corporate volunteer groups). The study contributes to organizational attention theory by showing how the varied risk‐taking behaviors are related to the three dimensions of performance (resource agility, resource adaptability, and resource alignment), commonly referred to as the Triple‐A model. The study implications provide researchers and managers with a framework to help understand and predict risk‐taking behavior by organizational types and sub‐types during disaster relief operations.

Serial crowdfunding in start-up development: a business network view

PurposeEven though the crowdfunding (CF) literature is rapidly reaching its maturity phase, the topic of serial CF (i.e. the participation in more than one CF campaign) is as much promising as still largely under explored. This study thus aims to offer a thorough view of the dynamic and complex processes characterizing the participation of the start-ups to more than one campaign adopting a business network perspective.Design/methodology/approachIn line with an explorative research aim, a multiple case study analysis is performed by taking into consideration four start-ups engaged in more than one CF campaigns with different combinations of equity and non-equity CF, adopting the actor–resource–activity (ARA) model as theoretical framework.FindingsMultiple CF campaigns are embedded in the overall changing startup’s network and are affected by the concurrent and overlapping startup’s development processes. From this standpoint, the adoption of the ARA model suggests to reconsider the “serial” dimension of multiple CF campaigns. These processes can be more or less “linear” as they could be affected by the combination of CF schemes and by the degree of alignment of actors, activities and resources, whose “assembly” can be facilitated by learning processes and impaired by unexpected circumstances.Originality/valueThis paper explores in depth the startup’s serial CF journey, building on recent studies calling for stronger analyses of the directions and outcomes of innovative funding trajectories pursued and implemented by new business ventures. From this standpoint, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to consider a complete spectrum of combinations between CF schemes within serial CF, thus allowing for a better understanding of the role of such a factor within a dynamic and contextual view, that is, that offered by the business network perspective. This paper also contributes to the Industrial Marketing and Purchasing research on start-ups.

Peripheral nerve block anesthesia/analgesia for patients undergoing primary hip and knee arthroplasty: recommendations from the International Consensus on Anesthesia-Related Outcomes after Surgery (ICAROS) group based on a systematic review and meta-analysis of current literature

BackgroundEvidence-based international expert consensus regarding the impact of peripheral nerve block (PNB) use in total hip/knee arthroplasty surgery.MethodsA systematic review and meta-analysis: randomized controlled and observational studies investigating the impact...