Logistic Regression Algorithm Research Articles

Enhancing Heart Disease Prediction using Advanced Feature Engineering and Ensemble Learning Techniques

This study introduces a holistic model for predicting heart disease ,integrating advanced algorithms with a focus on feature engineering. The dataset encompasses a diverse range of patient parameters, including demographics, lifestyle factors, and medical history. Feature engineering involves a meticulous process of selecting, transforming, and augmenting relevant features to enhance the model's ability to discern patterns and relationships within the data. This stage is essential for increasing the predicted accuracy of the model and gleaning insightful information from intricate datasets. The logistic regression algorithm is employed to establish a baseline predictive model, providing insights into the individual contribution of each feature. Subsequently, a neural network is implemented to capture intricate non-linear dependencies and interactions within the data, further refining the predictive capabilities. Results indicate that the incorporation of feature engineering significantly improves the model's performance compared to traditional approaches. Early experiments demonstrate promising accuracy rates in heart disease prediction, showcasing the potential for early detection and proactive healthcare interventions. This method not only enhances predictive modeling for heart disease but also emphasizes the significance of feature engineering in maximizing the full capabilities of machine learning algorithms for medical applications.

Credit Card Fraud Detection using KNN, Random Forest and Logistic Regression Algorithms : A Comparative Analysis

Because credit cards are utilized so frequently, fraud appears to be a significant concern in the credit card industry. It is challenging to quantify the effects of misrepresentation. Globally, credit card fraud has cost institutions and consumers billions of dollars. Despite the existence of numerous anti-fraud mechanisms, fraudsters continue to seek out novel methods and strategies to commit fraud. An additional challenge in the estimation of credit card fraud loss is that the magnitude of unreported or undetected forgeries cannot be determined, only losses associated with those frauds that have been detected can be measured. Implementing effective fraud detection algorithms through the utilization of machine-learning techniques is crucial in order to mitigate these losses and provide support to fraud investigators. This paper presents a machine learning-based method for the detection of credit card fraud. Three methodologies are implemented on the raw and pre-processed data. Python is used to implement the work. By comparing the accuracy-based performance evaluations of k-nearest neighbor and logistic regression with Random Forest, it is determined that the former exhibits superior performance.

Predicting the malignancy of extremity soft-tissue tumors by an ultrasound-based radiomics signature.

Accurate differentiation of extremity soft-tissue tumors (ESTTs) is important for treatment planning. To develop and validate an ultrasound (US) image-based radiomics signature to predict ESTTs malignancy. A dataset of US images from 108 ESTTs were retrospectively enrolled and divided into the training cohort (78 ESTTs) and validation cohort (30 ESTTs). A total of 1037 radiomics features were extracted from each US image. The most useful predictive radiomics features were selected by the maximum relevance and minimum redundancy method, least absolute shrinkage, and selection operator algorithm in the training cohort. A US-based radiomics signature was built based on these selected radiomics features. In addition, a conventional radiologic model based on the US features from the interpretation of two experienced radiologists was developed by a multivariate logistic regression algorithm. The diagnostic performances of the selected radiomics features, the US-based radiomics signature, and the conventional radiologic model for differentiating ESTTs were evaluated and compared in the validation cohort. In the validation cohort, the area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, and specificity of the US-based radiomics signature for predicting ESTTs malignancy were 0.866, 84.2%, and 81.8%, respectively. The US-based radiomics signature had better diagnostic predictability for predicting ESTT malignancy than the best single radiomics feature and the conventional radiologic model (AUC = 0.866 vs. 0.719 vs. 0.681 for the validation cohort, all P <0.05). The US-based radiomics signature could provide a potential imaging biomarker to accurately predict ESTT malignancy.

Interpretable prediction model for assessing diabetes complication risks in Chinese sufferers

AimsWith growing concerns over complications in diabetes sufferers, this study sought to develop an interpretable machine learning model to offer enhanced diagnostic and treatment recommendations. MethodsWe assessed coronary heart disease, diabetic nephropathy, diabetic retinopathy, and fatty liver disease using logistic regression, decision tree, random forest, and CatBoost algorithms. The SHAP algorithm was employed to elucidate the model's predictions, offering a more in-depth understanding of influential features. ResultsThe CatBoost model notably outperformed other algorithms in AUC, achieving an average AUC of 90.47 % for the four complications. Through SHAP analysis and visualization, we provided clear and actionable insights into risk factors, enabling better complication risk assessment. ConclusionsWe introduced an innovative, interpretable complication risk model for people with diabetes. This not only offers a potent tool for healthcare professionals but also empowers sufferers with clearer self-assessment capabilities, encouraging earlier preventive actions. Further studies will underscore the model's clinical applicability.

A combination of radiomic features, clinic characteristics, and serum tumor biomarkers to predict the possibility of the micropapillary/solid component of lung adenocarcinoma.

Invasive lung adenocarcinoma with MPP/SOL components has a poor prognosis and often shows a tendency to recurrence and metastasis. This poor prognosis may require adjustment of treatment strategies. Preoperative identification is essential for decision-making for subsequent treatment. This study aimed to preoperatively predict the probability of MPP/SOL components in lung adenocarcinomas by a comprehensive model that includes radiomics features, clinical characteristics, and serum tumor biomarkers. A retrospective case control, diagnostic accuracy study. This study retrospectively recruited 273 patients (males: females, 130: 143; mean age ± standard deviation, 63.29 ± 10.03 years; range 21-83 years) who underwent resection of invasive lung adenocarcinoma. Sixty-one patients (22.3%) were diagnosed with lung adenocarcinoma with MPP/SOL components. Radiomic features were extracted from CT before surgery. Clinical, radiomic, and combined models were developed using the logistic regression algorithm. The clinical and radiomic signatures were integrated into a nomogram. The diagnostic performance of the models was evaluated using the area under the curve (AUC). Studies were scored according to the Radiomics Quality Score and Transparent Reporting of a Multivariable Prediction Model for Individual Prognosis or Diagnosis guidelines. The radiomics model achieved the best AUC values of 0.858 and 0.822 in the training and test cohort, respectively. Tumor size (T_size), solid tumor size (ST_size), consolidation-to-tumor ratio (CTR), years of smoking, CYFRA 21-1, and squamous cell carcinoma antigen were used to construct the clinical model. The clinical model achieved AUC values of 0.741 and 0.705 in the training and test cohort, respectively. The nomogram showed higher AUCs of 0.894 and 0.843 in the training and test cohort, respectively. This study has developed and validated a combined nomogram, a visual tool that integrates CT radiomics features with clinical indicators and serum tumor biomarkers. This innovative model facilitates the differentiation of micropapillary or solid components within lung adenocarcinoma and achieves a higher AUC, indicating superior predictive accuracy.

Personalised preinterventional risk stratification of mortality, length of stay and hospitalisation costs in transcatheter aortic valve implantation using a machine learning algorithm: a pilot trial

IntroductionRisk stratification based on Euroscore II (ESII) is used in some centres to assist decisions to perform transcatheter aortic valve implant (TAVI) procedures. ESII is a generic, non-TAVI-specific metric, and...

Abstract TMP59: Automated Analysis of Dynamic Computed Tomographic Angiography Perfusion Maps Accurately Identifies Regional Hypoperfusion in Minor Stroke Patients

Background: Multi-phase computed tomographic angiography (mCTA) perfusion maps can help confirm the diagnosis of stroke which can be especially challenging when the symptoms are minor. The current study proposes an automated stroke detection method for identifying patient stroke status based on volumetric analysis of mCTA perfusion maps applied to minor stroke patient populations. Methods: Minor stroke patients were acutely imaged with mCTA and CTP. mCTA perfusion maps were created using an extreme gradient boosting trees classifier with a CTP TMAX&gt;6s ground truth. Volumes for each patient for each hemisphere were calculated from ten perfusion thresholds equally spaced from the minimum and maximum of the scaled perfusion map. The ten volumes form the variables in a logistic regression algorithm trained on the known stroke status of the hemisphere. 10-fold cross validation was implemented in addition to receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) analysis to produce accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and area-under-curve (AUC). Results: In total 82 minor stroke patients (median age: 71, 48% female, median NIHSS: 3). 78% had identifiable intracranial occlusions. The analysis generated an ROC curve with an AUC of 81%. Cross-validation produced accuracy, specificity, and sensitivity of 76%, 87%, and 65%, respectively. Conclusion: The stroke detection model developed in the current study accurately categorized stroke and healthy hemispheres in minor stroke. Based on these results dynamic CTA perfusion could help diagnose stroke when the symptoms are mild thus providing accessible and accurate stroke diagnosis in primary stroke centres.

Development and external validation of a predictive model for prolonged length of hospital stay in elderly patients undergoing lumbar fusion surgery: comparison of three predictive models.

This study aimed to develop a predictive model for prolonged length of hospital stay (pLOS) in elderly patients undergoing lumbar fusion surgery, utilizing multivariate logistic regression, single classification and regression tree (hereafter, "classification tree") and random forest machine-learning algorithms. This study was a retrospective review of a prospective Geriatric Lumbar Disease Database. The primary outcome measure was pLOS, which was defined as the LOS greater than the 75th percentile. All patients were grouped as pLOS group and non-pLOS. Three models (including logistic regression, single-classification tree and random forest algorithms) for predicting pLOS were developed using training dataset and internal validation using testing dataset. Finally, online tool based on our model was developed to assess its validity in the clinical setting (external validation). The development set included 1025 patients (mean [SD] age, 72.8 [5.6] years; 632 [61.7%] female), and the external validation set included 175 patients (73.2 [5.9] years; 97[55.4%] female). Multivariate logistic analyses revealed that older age (odds ratio [OR] 1.06, p < 0.001), higher BMI (OR 1.08, p = 0.002), number of fused segments (OR 1.41, p < 0.001), longer operative time (OR 1.02, p < 0.001), and diabetes (OR 1.05, p = 0.046) were independent risk factors for pLOS in elderly patients undergoing lumbar fusion surgery. The single-classification tree revealed that operative time ≥ 232min, delayed ambulation, and BMI ≥ 30kg/m2 as particularly influential predictors for pLOS. A random forest model was developed using the remaining 14 variables. Intraoperative EBL, operative time, delayed ambulation, age, number of fused segments, BMI, and RBC count were the most significant variables in the final model. The predictive ability of our three models was comparable, with no significant differences in AUC (0.73 vs. 0.71 vs. 0.70, respectively). The logistic regression model had a higher net benefit for clinical intervention than the other models. The nomogram was developed, and the C-index of external validation for PLOS was 0.69 (95% CI, 0.65-0.76). This investigation produced three predictive models for pLOS in elderly patients undergoing lumbar fusion surgery. The predictive ability of our three models was comparable. Logistic regression model had a higher net benefit for clinical intervention than the other models. Our predictive model could inform physicians about elderly patients with a high risk of pLOS after surgery.

Epileptic tissue localization using graph-based networks in the high frequency oscillation range of intracranial electroencephalography

PurposeHigh frequency oscillations (HFOs) are an emerging biomarker of epilepsy. However, very few studies have investigated the functional connectivity of interictal iEEG signals in the frequency range of HFOs. Here, we study the corresponding functional networks using graph theory, and we assess their predictive value for automatic electrode classification in a cohort of 20 drug resistant patients. MethodsCoherence-based connectivity analysis was performed on the iEEG recordings, and six different local graph measures were computed in both sub-bands of the HFO frequency range (80–250 Hz and 250–500 Hz). Correlation analysis was implemented between the local graph measures and the ripple and fast ripple rates. Finally, the WEKA software was employed for training and testing different predictive models on the aforementioned local graph measures. ResultsThe ripple rate was significantly correlated with five out of six local graph measures in the functional network. For fast ripples, their rate was also significantly (but negatively) correlated with most of the local metrics. The results from WEKA showed that the Logistic Regression algorithm was able to classify highly HFO-contaminated electrodes with an accuracy of 82.5 % for ripples and 75.4 % for fast ripples. ConclusionFunctional connectivity networks in the HFO band could represent an alternative to the direct use of distinct HFO events, while also providing important insights about hub epileptic areas that can represent possible surgical targets. Automatic electrode classification through FC-based classifiers can help bypass the burden of manual HFO annotation, providing at the same time similar amount of information about the epileptic tissue.

Classification of Hate Comments on Twitter Using a Combination of Logistic Regression and Support Vector Machine Algorithm

This research was conducted to increase accuracy in classifying sentences containing hate speech and non-hate speech on Twitter. This is important to do because, as technology develops, it also comes with negative impacts, one of which is hate speech. This classification is carried out using a combination of Logistic Regression (LR) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) methods. This combination is based on the ease of implementation and speed of LR as well as SVM's ability to handle more complex and non-linear data. In this context, LR is used to model the probability that a comment on Twitter contains hate elements or not. The model can then provide probability predictions for each class, and a threshold can be set to determine the final class. This research shows that combining these methods can build a good classification model with an accuracy of 96%.

The Early Warning of Financial Failure for Iraqi Banks Based on Robust Adaptive Lasso Logistic Regression

It is well known that there are many mathematical financial failure models that have been proposedin the financial literature for specific stock markets. Some researchers are not aware these mathematical modelswere constructed to be fitted for that market data, not for other markets. Iraq stock market exchange is one of thesemarkets in which the researchers used imported models such as Kida, Sherrod, Altman, and others to predictfinancial failure. Therefore, the development of a financial failure warning model for banks has become verycrucial for the Iraqi bank sector in the stock market exchange. Unfortunately, there is no clear information aboutthe financial failure of Iraqi banks as a response variable, and the financial indicators contain outliers. Theobjective of this paper is to propose an algorithm to know the performance of efficient and inefficient banks basedon their indicators during specific time periods. The output of this algorithm will be considered as responsevariables. Then, a weighted adaptive lasso logistic regression algorithm that has a high breakdown point is used totackle outliers’ problem. Thirteen banks have been chosen as the most traded during the period (2010-2017), andfor each bank (27) financial indicators were collected. Our proposed model is compared with adaptive lassologistic regression by using Deviance, Misclassification, Area Under Curve, Mean Square Errors, and MeanAbsolute Errors. Consequently, the results showed that the weighted Adaptive Lasso Logistic Regression model ismore robust and relevant than others to be a financial model to warn of the failure of the banks in Iraq's stockmarket.

Analisis Klasifikasi Penyakit Multiple Sclerosis Menggunakan Algoritma Logistic Regression dan SVM

Health is the most important aspect to support daily activities. Of course, by having a healthy body, everyone can carry out various activities comfortably and calmly. Every individual certainly has a strong instinct to live a healthy life and be free from disease, one of which is by increasing the body's immunity. Multiple sclerosis (multiple sclerosis/MS) is a neurodegenerative autoimmune disease that affects the central nervous system. The affliction of MS is characterized by chronic inflammation, demyelination, gliosis, and neuronal death. The symptoms faced by MS patients are unpredictable, so there is a need for a classification related to the disease. Therefore, a classification study was carried out using the logistic regression algorithm and SVM. The method used in this research is a literature study with the Python programming language. The results of this study indicate that the SVM algorithm has a high accuracy rate of 88.33% of the logistic regression algorithm. So it can be concluded from this study that the SVM method has good performance for processing multiple sclerosis datasets.

Evaluation of salivary glycopatterns based diagnostic models for prediction of diabetic vascular complications

Diabetic vascular complications (DVC) are the main cause of death in diabetic patients. However, there is a lack of effective biomarkers or convenient methods for early diagnosis of DVC. In this study, the salivary glycopatterns from 130 of healthy volunteers (HV), 139 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and 167 patients with DVC were case-by-case analyzed by using lectin microarrays. Subsequently, diagnostic models were developed using logistic regression and machine learning algorithms based on the data of lectin microarrays in training set. The performance of diagnostic models was evaluated in an independent blind cohort. The results of lectin microarrays indicated that the glycopatterns identified by 16 lectins (e.g. BS-I, PWM and EEL) were significantly altered in DVC patients compared with patients with T2DM, which suggested the alterations in salivary glycopatterns could reflect onset of DVC. Notably, K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) model exhibited better performance for distinguishing DVC (accuracy: 0.939) than other models in blind cohort. The integrated classifier, which combined three machine learning models, exhibited a higher overall accuracy (≥ 0.933) than other models in blind cohort. Our study provided a cost-effective and non-invasive method for auxiliary diagnosis DVC based on the combination of salivary glycopatterns and machine learning algorithms.

Predicting Cardiovascular Disease Using Simple Machine Learning Techniques

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) become a major health concern, which needs improved prediction models for intervention. In this study, this research explores the possibilities of using simple machine learning methods, including Logistic Regression, Decision Tree, and Random Forest, for predicting cardiovascular diseases effectively. Using a large dataset (308854 instances) containing demographic, binary, and numerical information, the research applied the above machine learning algorithms to develop predictive models. This study involved data preprocessing, including feature selection and handling duplicate values. This study then divides the dataset into two subsets: training set and testing set by 7:3 and 8:2. The Logistic Regression algorithm demonstrated good predictive performance, with an accuracy rate of 92%. Decision Tree exhibited a similar accuracy of 92%, while Random Forest underperformed both slightly with an accuracy of 91%.

Preoperative CT-based deep learning radiomics model to predict lymph node metastasis and patient prognosis in bladder cancer: a two-center study

ObjectiveTo establish a model for predicting lymph node metastasis in bladder cancer (BCa) patients.MethodsWe retroactively enrolled 239 patients who underwent three-phase CT and resection for BCa in two centers (training set, n = 185; external test set, n = 54). We reviewed the clinical characteristics and CT features to identify significant predictors to construct a clinical model. We extracted the hand-crafted radiomics features and deep learning features of the lesions. We used the Minimum Redundancy Maximum Relevance algorithm and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator logistic regression algorithm to screen features. We used nine classifiers to establish the radiomics machine learning signatures. To compensate for the uneven distribution of the data, we used the synthetic minority over-sampling technique to retrain each machine-learning classifier. We constructed the combined model using the top-performing radiomics signature and clinical model, and finally presented as a nomogram. We evaluated the combined model’s performance using the area under the receiver operating characteristic, accuracy, calibration curves, and decision curve analysis. We used the Kaplan–Meier survival curve to analyze the prognosis of BCa patients.ResultsThe combined model incorporating radiomics signature and clinical model achieved an area under the receiver operating characteristic of 0.834 (95% CI: 0.659–1.000) for the external test set. The calibration curves and decision curve analysis demonstrated exceptional calibration and promising clinical use. The combined model showed good risk stratification performance for progression-free survival.ConclusionThe proposed CT-based combined model is effective and reliable for predicting lymph node status of BCa patients preoperatively.Critical relevance statementBladder cancer is a type of urogenital cancer that has a high morbidity and mortality rate. Lymph node metastasis is an independent risk factor for death in bladder cancer patients. This study aimed to investigate the performance of a deep learning radiomics model for preoperatively predicting lymph node metastasis in bladder cancer patients.Key points• Conventional imaging is not sufficiently accurate to determine lymph node status.• Deep learning radiomics model accurately predicted bladder cancer lymph node metastasis.• The proposed method showed satisfactory patient risk stratification for progression-free survival.Graphical

MRI-based clinical-radiomics nomogram to predict early neurological deterioration in isolated acute pontine infarction: a two-center study in Northeast China

ObjectiveTo predict the appearance of early neurological deterioration (END) among patients with isolated acute pontine infarction (API) based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-derived radiomics of the infarct site.Methods544 patients with isolated API were recruited from two centers and divided into the training set (n = 344) and the verification set (n = 200). In total, 1702 radiomics characteristics were extracted from each patient. A support vector machine algorithm was used to construct a radiomics signature (rad-score). Subsequently, univariate and multivariate logistic regression (LR) analysis was adopted to filter clinical indicators and establish clinical models. Then, based on the LR algorithm, the rad-score and clinical indicators were integrated to construct the clinical-radiomics model, which was compared with other models.ResultsA clinical-radiomics model was established, including the 5 indicators rad-score, age, initial systolic blood pressure, initial National Institute of Health Stroke Scale, and triglyceride. A nomogram was then made based on the model. The nomogram had good predictive accuracy, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.966 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.947–0.985) and 0.920 (95% [CI] 0.873–0.967) in the training and verification sets, respectively. According to the decision curve analysis, the clinical-radiomics model showed better clinical value than the other models. In addition, the calibration curves also showed that the model has excellent consistency.ConclusionThe clinical-radiomics model combined MRI-derived radiomics and clinical metrics and may serve as a scoring tool for early prediction of END among patients with isolated API.

Topic Sentiment Using Logistic Regression and Latent Dirichlet Allocation as a Customer Satisfaction Analysis Model

Buying and selling goods now is more interesting through e-commerce or marketplaces because of the ease of carrying out online transactions. Each transaction usually generates a response from the customer. The transaction response on the Shopee platform is still in paragraph form and needs to be more specific. Therefore, this research aims to build a model analysis of customer satisfaction using the best algorithm between support vector machine (SVM), random forest, and logistic regression. This research method uses sentiment classification with logistic regression because the logistic regression algorithm has the best accuracy, with an accuracy of 90.5. Meanwhile, the SVM algorithm achieved an accuracy of 90.4, and random forest reached 90.2. The three algorithms were tested three times, splitting data train:test at 80:20, 70:30, and 60:40. The best results were obtained by splitting data at 60:40. The best model is used to predict data without labels. The prediction produces 12,844 positive sentiment comment data, 112 negative sentiment comment data, and 70 neutral sentiment comment data. The results of this research continued to topic modeling using latent dirichlet allocation (LDA) to generate a trending topic of customer satisfaction on sales products. Implications of discussing each trend topic can be used as a reference for improving products and services, especially in communicating with customers.

Predicting academic achievement from the collaborative influences of executive function, physical fitness, and demographic factors among primary school students in China: ensemble learning methods

BackgroundElevated levels of executive function and physical fitness play a pivotal role in shaping future quality of life. However, few studies have examined the collaborative influences of physical and mental health on academic achievement. This study aims to investigate the key factors that collaboratively influence primary school students' academic achievement from executive function, physical fitness, and demographic factors. Additionally, ensemble learning methods are employed to predict academic achievement, and their predictive performance is compared with individual learners.MethodsA cluster sampling method was utilized to select 353 primary school students from Huai'an, China, who underwent assessments for executive function, physical fitness, and academic achievement. The recursive feature elimination cross-validation method was employed to identify key factors that collaboratively influence academic achievement. Ensemble learning models, utilizing eXtreme Gradient Boosting and Random Forest algorithms, were constructed based on Bagging and Boosting methods. Individual learners were developed using Support Vector Machine, Decision Tree, Logistic Regression, and Linear Discriminant Analysis algorithms, followed by the establishment of a Stacking ensemble learning model.ResultsOur findings revealed that sex, body mass index, muscle strength, cardiorespiratory function, inhibition, working memory, and shifting were key factors influencing the academic achievement of primary school students. Moreover, ensemble learning models demonstrated superior predictive performance compared to individual learners in predicting academic achievement among primary school students.ConclusionsOur results suggest that recognizing sex differences and emphasizing the simultaneous development of cognition and physical well-being can positively impact the academic development of primary school students. Ensemble learning methods warrant further attention, as they enable the establishment of an accurate academic early warning system for primary school students.

Development and Validation of a Pathomics Model Using Machine Learning to Predict CXCL8 Expression and Prognosis in Head and Neck Cancer.

The necessity to develop a method for prognostication and to identify novel biomarkers for personalized medicine in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cannot be overstated. Recently, pathomics, which relies on quantitative analysis of medical imaging, has come to the forefront. CXCL8, an essential inflammatory cytokine, has been shown to correlate with overall survival (OS). This study examined the relationship between CXCL8 mRNA expression and pathomics features and aimed to explore the biological underpinnings of CXCL8. Clinical information and transcripts per million mRNA sequencing data were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)-HNSCC dataset. We identified correlations between CXCL8 mRNA expression and patient survival rates using a Kaplan-Meier survival curve. A retrospective analysis of 313 samples diagnosed with HNSCC in the TCGA database was conducted. Pathomics features were extracted from hematoxylin and eosin-stained images, and then the minimum redundancy maximum relevance, with recursive feature elimination (mRMR-RFE) method was applied, followed by screening with the logistic regression algorithm. Kaplan-Meier curves indicated that high expression of CXCL8 was significantly associated with decreased OS. The logistic regression pathomics model incorporated 16 radiomics features identified by the mRMR-RFE method in the training set and demonstrated strong performance in the testing set. Calibration plots showed that the probability of high gene expression predicted by the pathomics model was in good agreement with actual observations, suggesting the model's high clinical applicability. The pathomics model of CXCL8 mRNA expression serves as an effective tool for predicting prognosis in patients with HNSCC and can aid in clinical decision-making. Elevated levels of CXCL8 expression may lead to reduced DNA damage and are associated with a pro-inflammatory tumor microenvironment, offering a potential therapeutic target.

Logistic regression-time–frequency algorithm for α/β discrimination in silicon photomultiplier–based Phoswich detectors

Phoswich (phosphor sandwich) systems composed of ZnS(Ag) and plastic dual scintillators have the ability to distinguish α and β particles via digital pulse-shape discrimination. In this work, a novel logistic regression algorithm based on time–frequency features (LR-TF) is presented and evaluated for its ability to digitally discriminate α and β particles in a mixed field. The LR-TF algorithm employs the charge comparison method (CCM) and Fourier gradient analysis (FGA) to extract time–frequency features from pulse shapes, thereby constructing a logistic regression model. Training of the model is shown to enable the discrimination α and β particles. The CCM, FGA, and LR-TF were applied to thousands of pulses obtained with a data acquisition system based on a Phoswich coupled with a silicon photomultiplier. The experimental results show that the LR-TF algorithm provided the best overall performance with misidentification ratios of 1.9 % and 0.63 % for α particles and β particles, respectively, achieving a figure of merit of 4.30, and an area under the receiver operating characteristic of 0.996.