Alginate Impression Research Articles

Elastic Reco Elastic Recovery Properties of Alginate Impr ties of Alginate Impression Materials ession Materials Based on Red Algae Kappaphycus alvarezii

Alginate impression materials in dentistry are used to form details of the oral cavity organs. The alginate content in the impression material functions to form a gel. One source of alginate is algae. Objective: This study aims to determine the recovery elasticity and setting time of alginate impression materials made from red algae K. alvarezii. Methods: The sodium alginate in the composition of this alginate impression material was extracted from red algae K. alvarezii. The alginate impression material was tested for setting time and recovery elasticity and compared with commercial impression material (Hygedent®). Results: The elastic recovery of red algae sodium alginate impression materials was 97.43% which was not significantly different from the commercial impression materials (98.42%). These results showed that this alginate impression material has the same properties as commercial impression materials. In the setting time test, the the red algal alginate impression material was much longer than the commercial impression material, 1.39 m and 3.30 m respectively. Conclusion: It was concluded that the alginate impression material from the red algae K. alvarezii had a long setting time. At the same time, the recovery of elasticity did not differ from that of commercially available alginate impression materials.

Effect of Addition of Organic Sweet Corn Flour (Zea Mays L. Saccharata) Against Setting Time Test For Alginate

Alginate is one of the most frequently used dental materials; and alginate impression is a simple, cost-effective, and indispensable part of dental practice. However, alginate impression material is still difficult to find in remote areas, this is due to the distance factor and the limited supply of alginate. One of the substitutes for alginate is sweet corn that contain polysaccharide a and are easily available in Indonesia. . This type of research is a laboratory experimental study using 4 groups, consisting of the first group as a control group, namely alginate without being given a mixture of sweet corn flour (10 g). The second group with 60% alginate percentage (6 g) sweet corn flour 40% (4 g) . The third group alginate percentage 55% (5.5 g) sweet corn flour 45% (4.5 g). The fourth group was 50% alginate (5 g) 50% sweet corn flour (5 g). Each group consists of 6 samples. The results of this study were then analyzed using One Way Anova to see if there were differences in each treatment group, the results showed that there were significant differences (p 0.05) in each group. This study also found the group with the fastest setting time, namely the control group, with an average of and the longest setting time is in group 3 with an average of 234 seconds . This can happen because of the polysaccharide content, namely amylopectin in sweet corn flour. The conclusion of this study is that sweet corn flour ( Zea mays L. Saccharata ) can be used as an alginate mixture because it has a setting time according to the American Dental Association (ADA ) standard, which is 2 - 4.5 minutes.

PROSTHETIC TREATMENT OF A PATIENT WITH RESECTION OF THE HARD PALATE WITH AN OBTURATOR WITH A SILICONE BASE

The most commonly used treatment method for maxillary resection patients is with an obturator, closing the communication between the oral and nasal cavity. Prosthetic methods and means with different types of materials are used for its fabrication. The purpose of the described clinical case is to track the opportunity for treatment of a patient with resection of the hard palate, with an obturator with a silicon base.The clinical case tracks the treatment of a patient with maxillary carcinoma. Preliminary alginate impressions were taken from the jaws. A custom tray with which a functional impression with a silicone material was taken, was fabricated for the mandible. The height and the central position of the mandible were determined with record bases with wax rims. The dentures were finished with heat cured resin. The upper denture was used as a custom tray for taking a functional impression of the prosthetic field with silicone cream material. After packing in the laboratory, the impression material was replaced with permanent soft relining material Molloplast B (Detax). The finished dentures were adjusted and articulated until bilaterally balanced occlusion was achieved. Treatment results showed good retention and stability of the prosthetic construction. Functional impression shaping and subsequent replacing with silicon material ensured a good and tight hermetic seal in the area of the defect. The use of permanent soft relining material allowed a trauma-free transmission of masticatory pressure and a stable connection with the plastic base of the obturator. The patient’s eating and speech as well as the fluid intake were successfully restored. The achieved results improved the quality of life of the patient and his self-esteem. Prosthetic treatment with an obturator with a silicon base provides good retention and stability of the prosthetic construction which allows successful restoration of the patient`s eating and speech.

Ultrasound examination of various dental materials and foreign bodies

Purpose To provide information on the sonographic properties of different foreign bodies and dental materials to help with diagnosis. Materials & Methods The investigation contained 10 various dental materials and foreign bodies that were consisting of composite, glass ionomer cement, gutta percha, suture, wooden, stone, canal file, acrylic, alginate, and silicone impression material. The objects were embedded to chicken meat and imaged using ultrasonography (USG). Their visibility and posterior acoustic behaviors were evaluated by both hockey and linear transducers. The actual sizes of this objects and measured dimensions by transducers were compared. Results Only gutta percha could not be distinguished in chicken meat. No difference was observed between the measurements made with the hockey and linear transducers and the actual size. Conclusion USG is a useful method for detecting and measuring foreign bodies and dental materials in soft tissues.

Antimicrobial Efficiency of Hypochlorous Acid and Its Effect on Some Properties of Alginate Impression Material.

Dental clinicians and professionals need an affordable, nontoxic, and effective disinfectant against infectious microorganisms when dealing with the contaminated dental impressions. This study evaluated the efficiency of hypochlorous acid (HOCl) as an antimicrobial disinfectant by spraying technique for the alginate impression materials, compared with sodium hypochlorite, and its effect on dimensional stability and reproduction of details. HOCl with a concentration of 200 ppm for 5 and 10 min was compared with the control group (no treatment) as a negative control and with sodium hypochlorite (% 0.5) as a positive control. Candida albicans, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were selected to assess the antimicrobial activity with the colony forming unit test in addition to the dimensional stability and reproduction of details tests. The results revealed that HOCl had significant antimicrobial activity against all tested microorganisms and experimental time. Interestingly, HOCl showed no impact on the dimensional stability of alginate impression material. HOCl could be an effective antimicrobial agent for alginate impression material without interfering with their surface details and dimensional stability.

A Study of Bolton’s Analysis on Permanent Dentition of Nepalese Citizen of Lumbini Province

Introduction: To achieve a good occlusion with satisfactory intercuspation of teeth and a correct overjet and overbite, the maxillary and mandibular teeth must be proportional in size. This cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the Bolton’s tooth size discrepancy in a sample of the Nepalese population of Lumbini Province. Materials and Method: One hundred twenty-fie study casts (50 males and 75 females) were made after making impression of individuals with normal occlusion. Impression was made using alginate impression material, studycasts were made using dental stone type III, and bases were made using dental plaster type II. Individual mesiodistal width of the teeth were measured using a digital vernier caliper to the nearest 0.01mm for the calculation of Bolton’s anterior and overall ratio. The ratios were then compared between male and female. Result: One hundred twenty-five study casts (50 males and 75 females) were made after making impression of individuals with normal occlusion. Impression was made using alginate impression material, study casts were made using dental stone type III, and bases were made using dental plaster type II. A statistically signifiant difference between the summed mesiodistal widths were found between males and females using Independent sample t-test. There was no sexual dimorphism concerning Bolton’s ratio in samples. The overall ratio and anterior ratio were 91.70 ± 1.28 and 77.09 ± 1.57 for males and 91.79 ± 1.34 and 77.29 ± 1.71 for females respectively. The combined overall ratio was 91.75 ± 1.32 and anterior ratio which was 77.21 ± 1.65. Individual mesiodistal width of the teeth were measured using a digital vernier caliper to the nearest 0.01mm for the calculation of Bolton’s anterior and overall ratio. The ratios were then compared between male and female. Conclusion: The sum of mesiodistal dimensions of teeth were greater in males, however, no sexual dimorphism was found in the Bolton ratio. Further, statistically signifiant difference was found in the overall ratio from Nepalese population when compared to the original ratio by Bolton.

Comparison of the Bioactive and Bacteriostatic Performance of Different Alginate-Based Dental Prosthetic Impression Materials with and without Zirconium Phosphate-Based Ion Exchange Resin Containing Silver: An In Vitro Study

Disinfection of alginate impressions used in dental prosthetics is a very problematic procedure, during which the dimensions of the obtained model can change, and it can be easily mechanically damaged. Therefore, it would be beneficial to create a material with bacteriostatic properties for this application. In this work, we investigated alginate materials with the addition of 0.25–1.0 wt% of zirconium phosphate-based ion exchange resin containing silver and compared them with commercial alginate impression products. The obtained materials passed the normative requirements of ISO 21563:2021 (setting time, elastic recovery, strain in compression, compatibility with gypsum, detail reproduction, tearing strength, and linear dimensional change) as well as bacteriostatic properties in relation to Streptococcus mutans. The newly developed alginate materials met all the properties required by the standards. Their setting time was comparable to the commercial materials, and their 24 h contraction did not exceed 1.3%. Furthermore, the tearing strength was 0.42–0.48 MPa, less than that of the comparative commercial materials (0.52–0.56 MPa). From the point of view of clinical practice, it will be possible to create an alginate material with bacteriostatic properties that will prevent the transmission of cross-infections.

Comparative Assessment of Three Different Alveolar Ridge Dimension Measurement Methods before Implant Placement: An In Vivo Study.

The purpose of this study was to compare the three various techniques for measuring the alveolar ridge's dimensions prior to implant insertion. For this study, a total of 36 participants were chosen. To prepare a surgical stent, a study model was created from an alginate impression. A first point (reference point) was marked on the crest of the ridge in relation to the adjacent teeth. Then, one point (point 1) and another point (point 2) were marked at distances of 3 and 6 mm, respectively, from the reference point. Based on the procedure for measuring the size of the alveolar ridge, the study was divided into the following groups. Group I: Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) measurement method; Group II: Ridge mapping measurement method; Group III: Direct caliper measurements method. Descriptive statistics were used to estimate the mean and standard deviation (SD). The Student's unpaired t-test was utilized for the statistical analysis. The 5% level of significance was used. There was no significant difference found between CBCT with ridge mapping and direct caliper measurements. However, on comparison of ridge mapping and direct caliper measurements technique, at point 1, the ridge mapping was 3.88 ± 0.12 and the direct caliper measurement was 3.62 ± 0.08. At point 2, the ridge mapping was 6.58 ± 0.06 and the direct caliper measurement was 6.32 ± 0.04. There was a statistically significant difference found between these two measurement methods. Within the limitation, the current study came to the conclusion that when CBCT and ridge mapping measurements were individually compared with the gold standard-the surgical open method, CBCT-demonstrated to be a highly specific and sensitive method for detecting the residual alveolar ridge width in the treatment planning of dental implants. Evaluation of alveolar bone is necessary during treatment planning for dental implant placement. Using simply panoramic and/or periapical radiographs to evaluate the bone may not be sufficient because it only provides two-dimensional information regarding the implant locations. Therefore, for better implant placement, three-dimensional information of the implant site, such as CBCT and ridge mapping technique, should be assessed.

Dimensional Accuracy and Tearing Strength of Alginate Impression Material Containing Different Concentrations of Natural Miswak Powder: An In-Vitro Study

Background:
 Alginate impression material is an irreversible hydrocolloid due to its chemical setting reaction. Hydrocolloids dimensional stability depends on the presence of water, as water makes up around 70% of dental alginate. One of the Salvadoraceae families, Salvadora persica, is the source of miswak. The Arak tree, or Salvadora persica, is often referred to as the "toothbrush tree" as it is known in English. It is evergreen form develops like a shrub or small tree with a twisted trunk. The researchers mixed miswak powder with the alginate to examine the dimensional accuracy and tearing strength.
 Materials and Methods:
 Sixty alginate specimens were prepared. 30 specimens for dimensional accuracy and 30 specimens for tearing strength, each of them is divided into three groups: The control group, Group A % 17 miswak powder, and Group B % 34 miswak powder. The dimensional stability and tearing strength were tested.
 Results:
 There is no dimensional change in group B, lesser dimensional change was revealed in group A, according to control group. Group B is more resistant to tearing strength when compared with the control group and group A, and group A is more resistant than the control group.
 Conclusion:
 Adding a suitable amount of miswak powder to alginate is beneficial for reducing and preventing shrinkage, as well as improving tearing strength.

Biological properties of experimental dental alginate modified for self-disinfection using green nanotechnology

ObjectivesDisinfection of alginate impression materials is a mandatory step to prevent cross-infection in dental clinics. However, alginate disinfection methods are time-consuming and exert a negative impact on accuracy and mechanical properties. Thus, this study aimed to prepare disinfecting agents (CHX and AgNO3) and silver nanoparticles reduced by a natural plant extract to produce a self-disinfecting dental alginate.MethodsConventional alginate impression material was used in this study. Silver nitrate (0.2% AgNO3 group) and chlorohexidine (0.2% CHX group) solutions were prepared using distilled water, and these solutions were later employed for alginate preparation. Moreover, a 90% aqueous plant extract was prepared from Boswellia sacra (BS) oleoresin and used to reduce silver nitrate to form silver nanoparticles that were incorporated in the dental alginate preparation (BS+AgNPs group). The plant extract was characterized by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis while green-synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were characterized by UV-visible (UV–vis) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). An agar disc diffusion assay was used to test the antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans, Streptococcus mutans, Escherichia coli, methicillin-resistant and susceptible Staphylococcus aureus strains, and Micrococcus luteus. Agar plates were incubated at 37 ± 1 °C for 24 h to allow microbial growth. Diameters of the circular inhibition zones formed around each specimen were measured digitally by using ImageJ software.ResultsChemical analysis of the plant extract revealed the presence of 41 volatile and semi-volatile active compounds. UV–Vis spectrophotometry, SEM, and EDX confirmed the formation of spherical silver nanoparticles using the BS extract. CHX, AgNO3, and the BS+AgNPs modified groups showed significantly larger inhibition zones than the control group against all tested strains. BS+AgNPs and CHX groups showed comparable efficacy against all tested strains except for Staphylococcus aureus, where the CHX-modified alginate had a significantly higher effect.Conclusions and clinical relevanceCHX, silver nitrate, and biosynthesized silver nanoparticles could be promising inexpensive potential candidates for the preparation of a self-disinfecting alginate impression material without affecting its performance. Green synthesis of metal nanoparticles using Boswellia sacra extract could be a very safe, efficient, and nontoxic way with the additional advantage of a synergistic action between metal ions and the phytotherapeutic agents of the plant extract.

Comparison of Tearing strength and Dimensional Stability of Alginate Impression Material Mixed with Water and Chlorhexidine

Background:
 An irreversible hydrocolloid impression material combined with two different doses of chlorhexidine solution is tested for dimensional change and tearing strength. The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of adding chlorhexidine with 2 different available concentrations on alginate impression material.
 Materials and Methods:
 According to the manufacturer's instructions, the irreversible hydrocolloid specimens is made and divided into 3groups (Group 1 is mixed with tap water as a control group, Group 2 is mixed with 0.12 chlorhexidine, and Group 3 is mixed with 0.2 chlorhexidine). Testing is done on the change in dimensions and the tearing strength.
 Results:
 Lesser dimensional change is observed at group two and is non-significant, and the group three is significantly more dimensionally stable when compared with group one, tearing strength of group one and two is nearly the same while the group three is more resistant to tear and the difference is significant
 Conclusion:
 The dimensional stability and tearing resistance of chlorhexidine self-disinfecting irreversible hydrocolloid impression material may vary greatly.

Comparative evaluation of accuracy, time and patient acceptance between intraoral scanner and conventional alginate impression technique – An invivo study

Orthodontists use various dental records such as dental models or casts for diagnosis and treatment planning which includes making of dental impressions and study casts. Conventional alginate impressions are challenging for the patients with extreme gag reflex, irritation & discomfort. Recently 3D technology has led to development of scanning and digital models, but one major concern has been the accuracy. So this study was done to compare the accuracy, time and patient acceptance between intraoral scanner and conventional alginate impression technique. 15 patients were selected. Alginate impressions were made using zhermack neocolloid. The patients were subjected to digital scanning with Medit i500 intraoral scanner. Procedures were timed. After the impressions, each patient was asked to complete survey. Tooth width measurements were made using digital vernier caliper from stone models. In the second method digital images were measured using medit link software. Anterior and overall Bolton ratio was calculated to determine accuracy. Digital impressions are accurate and comparable to conventional impressions as tooth width measurements did not differ significantly. Conventional impression consumed more time. Patients preferred digital impressions.Intraoral scanners are accepted by patients and they have comparable accuracy and time efficient compared to conventional impression.

Fomite Contamination of Alginate Impressions and the Role of Herbal and Chemical Disinfectants

Introduction: Contamination of alginate impressions is reported and various methods to disinfect them have been studied. However, contamination of the impressions from the rubber bowl is not known. The transfer of microorganisms to the oral cavity by the alginate mixed in an unsterilized rubber bowl is a possibility. The objective of this study is to find out the fomite contamination of alginate impressions from rubber bowls and evaluate the role of chemical and herbal disinfectants against them. Methodology: Thirty volunteers were included in the study and they were grouped into six groups (one control and five study groups). Three chemical disinfectants and two herbal disinfectants were used to disinfect the rubber bowl before impressions. The presence of pathogens and the number of colony-forming units were evaluated. Results: Harmful pathogens like Staphylococcus species, E. coli, Pseudomonas species, Bacillus species, and Klebsiella species have been detected under a light microscope on the surface of the rubber bowl. There was a significant decrease in the number of colony-forming units on alginate impressions after the rubber bowl was disinfected. Herbal disinfectants showed a profound decrease in the transmission of organisms compared to chemical disinfectants. Conclusion: The presence of fomite contamination in the routine impression has been confirmed in the study. All the disinfectants showed a significant reduction in colony-forming units when the rubber bowl was disinfected. Both the plant extracts showed an effective decrease in Colony-Forming Units (CFU) per ml and were as effective in eliminating pathogens as the chemical disinfectants. Hence, plant extracts of Neem and Babool can be a viable alternative to chemical disinfectants on rubber bowls.

A comparative evaluation of photogrammetry software programs and conventional impression techniques for the fabrication of nasal maxillofacial prostheses

The fabrication of facial prostheses is complicated and time-consuming because of the need for accurate impressions of the facial defects and surrounding tissues. Inaccuracies can arise from soft-tissue compression, involuntary patient movements, and insufficient support for the impression material. Various 3-dimensional (3D) imaging and scanning techniques, including photogrammetry, have been introduced, but their accuracy remains insufficiently evaluated. The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate and compare the accuracy of 3D digital casts generated by 4 photogrammetry software programs (Agisoft Metashape, 3DF Zephyr, Meshroom, and Polycam) and casts from 2 conventional impression materials (alginate and polyvinyl siloxane [PVS]) for the fabrication of nasal maxillofacial prostheses. A stone cast of a patient's nose was used as the basis for generating a reference digital 3D cast and another 54 test 3D casts. The reference cast was created by scanning the stone cast using a FARO Optor Lab 3D scanner. The 54 test 3D casts were generated and divided into 6 test groups as follows: Agisoft group: 9 3D casts generated using Agisoft Metashape, a commercial personal computer (PC) software program; 3DF Zephyr group: 9 3D casts generated using 3DF Zephyr, a commercial PC software program; Meshroom group: 9 3D casts generated using Meshroom, a free PC software program; Polycam group: 9 3D casts generated using the Polycam, a commercial Android cloud application; PVS group: 9 3D casts generated indirectly by 3D scanning a gypsum cast made from a polyvinyl siloxane (PVS) impression of the stone nose cast; and Alginate group: 9 3D casts generated indirectly by scanning a master cast made using alginate impressions of the stone nose cast. Deviation measurements of the produced specimens were analyzed using the Geomagic Control X software program, and statistical comparisons were performed employing the Kruskal-Wallis test (α=.05). The results showed that the 3DF Zephyr group had the smallest deviation measurements (median: 0.057mm ±0.012) among the 4 photogrammetry software programs, while the alginate impression group had the largest deviations (median: 0.151mm ±0.094) of the 2 conventional impression materials. Significant differences were observed among the 4 photogrammetry software programs and the 2 conventional impression materials (H=39.41, df=5, P<.001). The casts generated by Agisoft Metashape were significantly more accurate than those produced by Meshroom, Polycam or the conventional impression materials (P=.024, P=.045, P<.001, respectively). The casts produced by 3DF Zephyr were significantly more precise than those created by Meshroom and the conventional impression materials (P=.037, P<.001, respectively). No significant differences were observed between the Agisoft Metashape and 3DF Zephyr groups (P>.05). Photogrammetry software programs, specifically Agisoft Metashape and 3DF Zephyr, demonstrated better accuracy than conventional impression materials in creating nasal digital casts. Photogrammetry has the potential to improve workflow and reduce patient discomfort during the fabrication of maxillofacial prostheses. Further research is needed to validate these findings in clinical settings.

Determination of Effective Atomic Number and Radiation Mass Attenuation Coefficient of the Bolus from Alginate Impression Material

Alginate impression material is a material that is commonly used to print dentures. This material is made from alginate. The properties of this material are rubbery, elastic, and not easily deformed so it can be applied as a bolus. This study aims to determine the tissue equivalence of this material by looking at aspects of the effective atomic number and radiation mass attenuation coefficient. To determine the effective atomic number, we used the EDX results from the SEM machine and input the concentration data of each element from alginate gel with 20% water content into the Autozeff software. The radiation mass attenuation coefficient is simulated by calculations involving each element’s concentration, then confirmed by CT-Number obtained from CT-Scan images. We obtained an effective atomic number and mass attenuation coefficient from the calculation results, which are described as a function of photon energy. Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that the bolus made from alginate impression material is equivalent to soft tissue and breast tissue.

Survei jenis bahan cetak gigi tiruan cekat di jakarta

Background: Fixed prosthodontics final impression is heavily influenced by the impression material selection. Purpose: To find out the impression materials used by dentists in for fixed prosthodontics impression in Jakarta. Methods: Descriptive observational research with a cross-sectional design involving 96 respondents. Data collected using a questionnaire distributed to dentists in Jakarta through google form. Results: The usage percentage of polyvinyl siloxane is higher than alginate and polyether for fixed prosthodontics final impression. Conclusion: The percentage of never using alginate impression material was (57%), The very often frequency of using polyvinyl siloxane shows a percentage of (56%). The results of this study indicate that the use of polyvinyl siloxane is more widely used by dentists in Jakarta.

Effectiveness of creating digital twins with different digital dentition models and cone-beam computed tomography

Distortion of dentition may occur in cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans due to artifacts, and further imaging is frequently required to produce digital twins. The use of a plaster model is common; however, it has certain drawbacks. This study aimed to assess the feasibility of different digital dentition models over that of plaster casts. Plaster models, alginate impressions, intraoral scan (IOS) images, and CBCT images of 20 patients were obtained. The desktop model scanner was used to scan the alginate impression twice, five minutes and two hours after impression-making. Using an IOS, the full arch was scanned in segments using CS 3600 and simultaneously with i700 wireless. The digital twins obtained from the alginate impression and IOS were superimposed with those obtained from the plaster cast. The differences and distances at each reference point were measured. Scans of alginate impressions after two hours showed the greatest discrepancies, but these were all less than the CBCT voxel size of 0.39 mm. Alginate impression scans and IOS are suitable supplements to CBCT compared to the plaster model. Accuracy can be improved by scanning the alginate impression within five minutes or by intraoral scanning of the entire arch with segmentation.

EVALUATION OF MAXILLARY ARCH ANALYSIS IN MODINAGAR ADULTS WITH NORMO-OCCLUSION IN VIVO STUDY

Purpose: The aim of this study is to evaluatemaxillary arch analysis in Modinagar adultswith normo-occlusion. Materials and Methods: A total of 100 patients aged between 20 to 30 years with well-aligned arches up to second molar teeth were included in this study.Upper and lower alginate impression using properly fit dentulous metallic trays was taken for each arch. These impressions were transferred to the laboratory for pouring with Dental Stone to obtain dental arch. Each study model was signed by the coding number and either F or M letter (F=female, M=male).A digital calliper was used to measure the following parameters: Inter-molar distance, inter-canine distance, inter-molar depth and inter-canine depth. Results:The inter canine width among the males (36.70±2.589) was found to be significantly higher as compared to females (33.66±1.343). The inter-molar width among the males (55.07±4.726) was found to be significantly higher as compared to females (50.50±3.378). the intergroup comparison of inter-canine depth between males and females using the independent t test with p value less than 0.05 considered to be statistically significant.The inter-canine depth among the males (9.098±1.754) was found to be higher as compared to females (8.854±1.051) with p value of 0.041 denoting a significant difference. Among the males 54% were having ovoid arch form, 26% were having Tapered arch form and 20% were having Square arch form. Among the females 40% were having Ovoid arch form, 32% were having Tapered arch form and 28% were having Square arch form .The intergroup comparison between males and females in terms of shape of arch was statistically significant with p value of 0.346. Conclusion:This study shows that males showed larger arch size than females.The Ovoid arch form was the most prevalent, followed by the tapered and square arch form in the Modinagar population among both males and females.

Biological Effect of Peronema canescens Jack on The Surface Changes of Alginate Mold

Background. The patient’s oral cavity is one of the transmission agents that has the potential for cross-infection. Saliva adhering to the surface of the alginate mold, apart from containing a lot of microorganisms, also disrupts changes in the alginate surface due to changes in salivary pH. Sungkai leaves (Peronema canescens Jack) contain active compounds that can maintain the alginate constituent elements’ integrity and alginate’s surface properties. Objective. This study aimed to determine the biological properties of Peronema canescens Jack on changes in the alginate impression surface by immersion and spraying methods. Materials and Methods. The research material comprised 72 alginate impressions totaling six groups (12 samples/group). The sample categories used matrices and stainless steel rings and were measured within 5, 10, and 15 minutes. Changes in the alginate impression surface were observed using a stereo microscope. Results. Soaking and spraying with Sungkai leaf extract within 5 and 10 minutes did not affect the surface of the mold, while spraying within 15 minutes was within standard clinical limits. Conclusion. Sungkai leaf extract can maintain the integrity of alginate impressions by immersion and spraying techniques.

PROSTHETIC TREATMENT OF PATIENT WITH MANDIBLE RESECTION

Background: Literature findings indicate an increase in mandible resection cases. Retention and stability of dentures are the main issues in the prosthetic treatment of these defects. Aim: The aim of the presented clinical case is to explore the possibility of prosthetic treatment of a patient with mandible resection of the frontal area. Materials and methods: The clinical case monitors the prosthetic treatment of a 38-year-old patient with mandible cancer and resection in the frontal zone. The treatment plan was based on taking preliminary alginate impressions and developing gypsum models. It is planned to develop a partial acrylic denture sealed with silicone material. Additional preparation of the gypsum master model in the resection area took place in order to achieve the equal thickness of the special silicone material. The base of the alveolar bone was restored with hard plaster. In addition, the occlusal rim was fabricated with the purpose of establishing the centric relation and occlusal relationship. The denture was fabricated by acrylic resin with a low quantity of residual monomer and adjusted after adding silicone material over the resected part with functional tests to complete the design of the defect area. Results: The accessed treatment results indicate good retention and stability of the denture. The application of silicone material provided a non-traumatic transition of the masticatory pressure without decubital ulcers in the resected zone. Conclusion: The application of appropriate prosthetic treatment methods in patients with mandible resection leads to the successful restoration of feeding and speaking functions.