Alexandria Eastern Research Articles

Solar Energy for Sludge Drying in Alexandria Metropolitan Area: Case Study in Egypt

An experimental study was conducted to assess the drainability of sludge generated by different treatment processes, and to assess a pilot solar heated sand drying bed in comparison with the regular beds located in the pilot plant at Alexandria Eastern Sewage Treatment Plant. It was found that the climatic conditions were generally favourable for dewatering sludge on sand drying beds except when there was heavy rainfall during the wet season which prolonged the drying time. The solar air heated drying beds saved about 35% of the bed area as compared with conventional sand drying beds, and the drying time was cut from 18 days to 8 days. It was also found that the solar air heated beds were less expensive than the conventional open sand beds.

Marine coatings based on metal complexes of 4‐amino‐3‐hydrazino‐5‐thio‐1,2,4‐triazole

AbstractCopper, cobalt, nickel and tin metal complexes of 4‐amino‐3‐hydrazino‐5‐thio‐1,2,4‐triazole (I) have been prepared and their structure identified through IR and electronic spectra measurements.The cobalt and nickel have been found to be octahedral; on the other hand, a mixed structure is proposed for the copper complex. The complexes are incorporated in marine paint formulations in the presenceo of 4‐(p‐chlorobenzylideneamino)‐3‐(p‐chlorobenzylidenehydrazino)‐5‐thio‐1,2,4‐triazole, 4‐(3,4‐dichlorobenzylideneamino)‐3‐(3,4‐dichlorobenzyl idenehydrazino)‐5‐thio‐1,2,4‐triazole and 4‐(p‐nitrobenzylideneamino)‐3‐(p‐nitrobenzylidenehydrazino)‐5‐thio‐1,2,4‐triazole. Each paint was applied to PVC and mild steel substrate and the panels were tested in Alexandria eastern harbour water. Paints containing copper, cobalt and nickel complexes of (I) in the presence of its chlorinated or nitro derivatives showed antifouling properties till about 4 months, while they protect steel substrate from marine corrosion for 1 month.