Alcohols In Yields Research Articles

TGA/FTIR study of the decomposition of Heet tobacco in presence of zeolites and silicate compounds

This paper studied the thermal behaviour of Heet tobacco analysing the functional groups generated in the process of decomposition in inert and oxidative atmosphere. The effect of three zeolites, ZSM5, USY, and Beta, and two silicates, SBA-15 and Silica Fumed (SF) in the compounds of decomposition has been studied. The stages of decomposition of the tobacco (TGA) and the evolution of the functional groups with temperature (FTIR) have been analyzed. All additives produce significant changes in the volatiles generated under both atmospheres, being Beta zeolite and especially SBA-15 the materials more markedly reducing the yields of methylene, alcohols, CO, CO2 and carbonyl compounds, during the pyrolysis of Heet tobacco under nitrogen and air atmospheres. This effect may contribute efficiently to further reduce the toxicity of the Heet HNB tobacco.

Transition Metal-Promoted Mg-Fe Mixed Oxides for Conversion of Ethanol to Valuable Products.

The conversion of ethanol into petrochemicals, such as ethyl and butyl acetate, butanol, hexanol, and so forth was studied. The conversion was catalyzed by Mg-Fe mixed oxide modified with a second transition metal (Ni, Cu, Co, Mn, or Cr). The main aim was to describe the influence of second transition metal on (i) the catalyst itself and (ii) reaction products such as ethyl acetate, butanol, hexanol, acetone, and ethanal. Moreover, the results were compared with the results of pure Mg-Fe. The reaction was carried out in the gas phase in a flow reactor with a weight hour space velocity of 4.5 h-1 for 32 h at three reaction temperatures (280, 300, and 350 °C). The metals Ni and Cu in Mg-Fe oxide enhanced the ethanol conversion due to the population of active dehydrogenation sites. Despite the lower acido-basicity, Cu, Co, and Ni supported the yield of ethyl acetate, and Cu and Ni also promoted the yield of higher alcohols. Ni was related to the extent of the gasification reactions. Moreover, long-term stability (by leaching of metals) test was carried out for all catalysts (128 h).

Catalytic transfer hydrogenation of bio-oil over biochar-based CuO catalyst using methanol as hydrogen donor

The catalytic transfer hydrogenation (CTH) of bio-oil over CuO/PC (porous carbon) with the solid residue produced during biomass pyrolysis as the carrier was investigated with methanol as the hydrogen donor. The effect of carbonization temperature, activation temperature, KOH solution and metal loading on the physicochemical characteristics of CuO/PC catalystand catalytic transfer hydrogenation of bio-oil were investigated. The main alcohols formed in the CTH of bio-oil were 1, 4-butanediol, 1, 3-cyclopentadiol, 1, 3-cyclohexanediol, 2-cyclohexenol and alcohols. It was revealed that more alcohols were produced over CuO/PC using less Cu(NO3)2 than Cu2Al considering their favorable porous system. The well-developed pore structure is formed in PC at a higher calcination temperature and the concentration of activator, which was favorable for the CTH of bio-oil. Under the optimized preparation conditions, the mesopores accounting for 50% in the total pores, achieving the maximized yield of alcohols of 81%, and the well recycling performance was observed with the overall yield of alcohols decreases within 3% after five cycles because of the greater mesopores ratio. The biochar-based PC catalyst in this work enhances the effective usage of biomass to produce alcohols, fully conforming to the theme of energy conservation and low-carbon times.

Introduction of NiSO4 to Ni/SiO2 catalyst in hydrogenation of furfuryl alcohol: Tailoring metallic nickel sites to switch major product from tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol to cyclopentanone

Nickel-based catalysts are widely used in hydrogenation of varied types of organics. However, the nickel catalyst, like Ni/SiO2, lacks selectivity for hydrogenation of C=C and C=O. This is undesirable in some scenarios, such as conversion of biomass-derived furfuryl alcohol (FA) to cyclopentanone (CPO), a fine chemical, in which the C=C in furan ring of FA needs to be retained. In this study, introduction of sulfur species to Ni/SiO2 catalyst via loading NiSO4 was adopted to inhibit hydrogenation of furan ring in FA, aiming to achieve conversion of FA to CPO via ring-opening route. The results indicated that NiSO4 was reduced to NixSy, which further reacted with metallic Ni, forming Ni3S2 species and introducing the acidic sites with high-strength. The co-existence of NixSy and metallic Ni species effectively hindered hydrogenation of furan ring in FA, reducing tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol (THFA) yield from 97% over Ni/SiO2 to 0 over the NiSx/SiO2 catalysts and shifting the major product to CPO. Nonetheless, the enhanced acidic sites along with the introduction of NiSO4 catalyzed polymerization of reaction intermediates, competing with the production of CPO. The acidic sites, however, facilitated hydrogenolysis of vanillyl alcohol to selectively produce (yield: 94.3%) in hydrogenation of vanillin. Characterization of hydrogenation of FA with in-situ Diffuse Reflectance Infrared Fourier Transform Spectroscopy (DRIFTS) technique suggested the oxygen-containing functionalities in FA, instead of furan ring, could strongly adsorb on the NiS10/SiO2 catalyst, enhancing rearrangement reaction to form CPO while suppressing hydrogenation of the furan ring.

Hydrogenation of fatty acids to fatty alcohols over Ni3Fe nanoparticles anchored on TiO2 crystal catalyst: Metal support interaction and mechanism investigation

Catalytic transformation of fatty acids into fatty alcohols is the essential step to produce renewable energy and high-valuable chemicals from waste fatty acids. In this research, a series of Ni3Fe catalysts were synthesized to improve this transformation, specifically that the Ni3Fe anchored on TiO2 surface has performed excellent activity with a high alcohol yield reaching 91.2%. The structure–reactivity relationship between the Ni3Fe nanoparticles on different crystal types of TiO2 (anatase: A-TiO2, rutile: R-TiO2) was investigated. It was found that the as-prepared Ni3Fe/R-TiO2 catalyst showed better catalytic performance than that of Ni3Fe/A-TiO2. Both experimental and density functional theory (DFT) computational results indicated that the interactions between Ni3Fe nanoparticles and R-TiO2 support have highly promoted the formation of oxygen vacancy (Ov), which plays an essential role in CO and HH cleavage, thus promoting the hydrogenation towards fatty alcohols. Furthermore, the catalyst reusability tests showed that Ni3Fe/TiO2 catalyst exhibited good stability over four times recycled and excellent suitability for industrial crude fatty acid conversion.

Catalytically efficient Co-CoOx-Al2O3 interface for mild temperature fatty alcohol production via fatty acid transfer hydrogenation

The cost-effective and environmentally friendly conversion of biomass to value-added chemicals under mild conditions is highly desirable but challenging. Herein, two-dimensional Co-Al hydrotalcite catalysts (CoAl-LDOx) were fabricated for selective catalytic transfer hydrogenation (CTH) of fatty acids to fatty alcohols with isopropanol (2-PrOH) as hydrogen donor. The structure and morphology of surface Co species can be regulated via reduction temperature. The optimal CoAl-LDO600 with high Co dispersion, modest reducibility, and rich Co-CoOx-Al2O3 interface achieved the highest octadecanol yield (94.2%) at full oleic acid conversion under 200 °C for 3 h. This catalyst was magnetically separable, highly stable and versatile for various fatty acids to achieve 89.1–96.7% alcohol yields. Controlled experiments suggest that 2-PrOH dehydrogenation was not highly dependent on Co structure, while the interfacial synergy of metallic Co and oxidized Co boosted the active hydrogen transfer, thus accelerating the overall reaction. The present work provided a boosted and stable catalytic system for biomass-related hydrogenation reactions without any external hydrogen supply.

Selective hydrogenation of oleic acid over Flower-like Ni-Fe/SiO2-ZrO2 catalyst to produce fatty alcohol: Effect of SiO2

To solve the problem of harsh reaction conditions in lipid hydrogenation into fatty alcohol over Cu based bimetallic catalysts, the cheap Ni-base catalyst with high activity was synthesized. By using the hydrothermal method, the flower-like SiO2-ZrO2 support was prepared. The Ni-Fe/SiO2-ZrO2 catalyst was further prepared by the impregnation method and utilized in the fatty acid hydrogenation to produce fatty alcohol. Under the reaction conditions (240 °C, initial H2 pressure: 2 MPa and reaction time: 3 h), the Ni-Fe/0.13SiO2-ZrO2 catalyst attained 96.0% conversion and 86.4% fatty alcohol yield, much higher than that of Ni-Fe/ZrO2 without SiO2 (conversion 86.1% and fatty alcohol yield 61.9%). The high catalytic activity of Ni-Fe/0.13SiO2-ZrO2 was ascribed to the increase of surface area, reduction of NiO grain size, and formation of flower-like morphology. The high selectivity to fatty alcohol over Ni-Fe/0.13SiO2-ZrO2 was related to the increase of Lewis acidity (extra active sites) and the decrease of oxygen vacancy which weakened the adsorption of aldehyde (enol) on the catalyst and thus facilitated the formation of fatty alcohol.

Catalytic performance of carbon-supported mixed MoW carbides for the deoxygenation of stearic acid

Supported bimetallic molybdenum and tungsten carbides are viable replacements for noble metal catalysts and are suitable for the decarboxylation/decarbonylation and (hydro-)deoxygenation of renewable triglyceride‑based feedstocks. Here, we show that the Mo:W ratio in bimetallic carbide can steer the product yield towards either aldehydes, alcohols, alkenes or alkanes. The mixed carbides with a higher Mo/W ratio (3:1) reached higher yields of aldehydes and alcohols, while the carbides with a lower Mo/W (1:3) ratio yielded high concentrations of alkenes. Interestingly, a physical mixture of two monometallic (1 +1) carbides had a similar catalytic performance to the 1:1 mixed carbides. The intrinsic activity (turnover frequency (TOF)) of the catalysts was assessed based on both H2 and CO chemisorption. The TOFH2 related linearly with the Mo/W ratio, while the TOFCO did not show a relevant relationship. Therefore H2 chemisorption is suggested as the preferred way to assess the intrinsic activities of these catalysts.

Realizing and Revealing Complex Isobutyl Alcohol Production over a Simple Cu–ZrO2 Catalyst

CO hydrogenation to isobutyl alcohol is a promising route for CO transformation to high value-added products. However, the formation mechanism of isobutyl alcohol is complex, and its synthesis requires complex catalysts and harsh reaction conditions, which hinders the identification of active sites. Herein, we efficiently synthesized isobutyl alcohol under mild conditions over a simple Cu–ZrO2 catalyst by decreasing the Cu loading. The space–time yield (STY) of isobutyl alcohol using an optimal CZ-0.11 catalyst was as high as 61.3 g·Lcat–1·h–1 with a CO conversion of 19.2%, far surpassing the STY of the state-of-the-art isobutyl alcohol synthesis (44.6 g·Lcat–1·h–1) under harsh conditions. Decreasing the Cu loading increased the distribution of smaller Cu particles and clarified the structure–activity relationship of Cu–Zr interactions for isobutyl alcohol synthesis. The enhanced Cu–Zr interaction led to the formation of more electron-deficient Cu species on the CZ-0.11 catalyst, which enriched the linearly adsorbed CO on Cu, as demonstrated by in situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier-transform spectroscopy. Experimental and theoretical results revealed that coupling of the bicarbonate species on ZrO2 with the linearly adsorbed CO species on electron-deficient Cu clusters promoted the formation of C2 intermediates and finally produced isobutyl alcohol through rapid β-addition. These insights into the active sites for CO hydrogenation to isobutyl alcohol may guide further catalyst designs.

Selective synthesis of oleyl alcohol via catalytic and non‐catalytic liquid‐phase methyl oleate reduction

AbstractThe upgrading of oleyl alcohol synthesis via methyl oleate reduction using NaBH4 without H2 supply was investigated. It was possible to synthesize selectively oleyl alcohol with high yields. Non‐catalytic and catalytic experiments were developed trying to improve the low final oleyl alcohol yield previously obtained. The effect of reaction temperature, methyl oleate/NaBH4 molar ratio and properties of different catalysts on final oleyl alcohol yield were analyzed. Thus, alumina‐supported metal (M) catalysts (M = Fe, Ce, Mo) were synthesized by incipient wetness impregnation. The M/Al2O3 catalysts were characterized in their chemical, textural, structural and acid–base properties using ICP, N2 physisorption, XRD and temperature‐programmed desorption (TPD) of NH3 and CO2. During non‐catalytic methyl oleate reduction, final methyl oleate conversion and oleyl alcohol yield of 94% were obtained using a methyl oleate/NaBH4 molar ratio of 0.11 at 333 K. Catalytic activity of M/Al2O3 solids increases as acid site number and ionic potential of M cations increase. In addition, the reaction mechanism for fatty acid methyl ester reduction was investigated from a theoretical approach using Density Functional Theory method at B3LYP/6‐31++G(d,p) computational level. Results obtained during theoretical calculations confirmed that the formation of reducing alcoxyborohydride species is energetically favored and allowed to understand the events at microscopic level involved in the reaction mechanism.

A novel strategy to construct multi-strain starter cultures: an insight to evolve from natural to directed fermentation

Some biotechnological strategies have succeeded in the attempt to imitate natural fermentation, and bioprocesses have been efficiently designed when the product is the result of a unique biological reaction. However, when the process requires more than one biological reaction, few bioprocesses have been successfully designed because the available tools to construct multi-strain starter cultures are not yet well defined. In this work, a novel experimental strategy to construct multi-strain starter cultures with selected native microorganisms from natural fermentation is proposed. The strategy analyses, selects, and defines the number and proportion of each strain that should form a starter culture to be used in directed fermentations. It was applied to evolve natural fermentation to directed fermentation in distilled agave production. The results showed that a starter culture integrated by Kluyveromyces marxianus, Clavispora lusitaniae, and Kluyveromyces marxianus var. drosophilarum in proportions of 35, 32, and 33%, respectively, allows obtaining fermented agave juice containing a 2.1% alcohol yield and a distilled product with a broad profile of aromatic compounds. Hence, the results show, for the first time, a tool that addresses the technical challenge for multi-strain starter culture construction, offering the possibility of preserving the typicity and genuineness of the original traditional product.

Electronic and surface engineering of Mo doped Ni@C nanocomposite boosting catalytic upgrading of aqueous bio-ethanol to bio-jet fuel precursors

Direct upgrading of aqueous bio-ethanol into higher alcohols is an emerging and highly attractive protocol to produce bio-fuels. However, it remains a great challenge to achieve high yield and selectivity of long-carbon chain higher alcohols, especially for C8+ alcohols. Herein, the carbon encapsulated NiMo catalysts were designed and fabricated for direct upgrading of aqueous bio-ethanol. The NiMo@C catalyst with Ni/Mo ratio of 6/1 exhibited excellent performance with 89.4 % of bio-ethanol conversion and 42.1C-mol% of higher alcohols yield. The selectivity of C8-16 products reached 44.7 %, which can be directly hydrodeoxygenated to produce bio-jet fuels. Characterization and DFT calculation results revealed that the doping of Mo tuned the electronic state of Ni and modified the surface properties (i.e., hydrophilicity, lipophilicity, and [OH]− adsorption), which enhanced the interaction of active site (NiMo-[OH]−) with intermediate aldehyde in the oil phase and promoted secondary upgrading reaction to form C8-16 alcohols. This work provides a promising approach to produce bio-jet fuels by direct upgrading of biomass fermentation ethanol.

Boosting the C–C Coupling of Bioethanol to Higher Alcohols by Inhibiting Aqueous Phase Reforming Reaction

A suitable catalyst with an exact match of the acidity/basicity, ingenious geometric structure, and proper electronic environment is vital to the Guerbet reaction for the synthesis of C6+ higher alcohols. Herein, we synthesized a series of Ni/MgAlO and NiSn/MgAlO catalysts based on hydrotalcite laminate for one-pot upgrading of aqueous bioethanol to C6+ higher alcohols. Through the introduction of Sn to form NiSn alloys, the Ni–Ni interactions were attenuated and the cleavage of C–C bonds was suppressed with a yield of 21.9% of C6+ higher alcohols at 250 °C. Meanwhile, by precisely adjusting the ratio of the metal cation Mg2+ to Al3+, the acidity and basicity of the catalysts were optimized and Ni/(4-Mg)AlO with an optimal ratio of 4 presented a considerable C6+ alcohol yield (25.2%) at even 220 °C, as well as an impressive ethanol conversion of 67.7%. Such an excellent activity achieved at lower temperature was attributed to highly dispersed Ni metal with a Ni(Mg)O solid solution structure, leading to the enormously inhibited aqueous ethanol reforming process and significant increased yield of higher alcohols. The results reveal that the electronic structure and coordination environment of metal sites as well as higher moderately basic and strong acid sites were demonstrated to be beneficial for carbon-chain extension of higher alcohols and ethanol selectivity for dehydrogenation/hydrogenation. Moreover, the number of metal, acid, and base sites should be balanced to inhibit side reactions.

Glucose-derived zirconium-containing mesoporous composite for efficient catalytic transfer hydrogenation of furfural to furfuryl alcohol

Meerwein-Ponndorf-Verley (MPV) reaction has been widely acknowledged to be a mild catalytic transfer hydrogenation method for selective reduction of biomass-derived furfural to furfuryl alcohol. Herein zirconium-containing mesoporous composite catalyst was developed through the combination of sol-gel process and soft templating method, in which naturally abundant glucose and F127 triblock copolymer were used as the ligand and pore-forming agent, respectively. The hydroxyl groups in glucose molecules were demonstrated to be coordinated with zirconium ion during hydrolysis-condensation of zirconium precursor, leading to the even dispersion of zirconia nanoparticles in the composite catalyst. The composite catalyst was proven to be highly efficient for catalyzing MPV reduction of furfural with the maximum furfuryl alcohol yield of 93.4% at 180 °C within 180 min in 2-propanol, which served as both solvent and reductant. The composite also showed a good reusability. After five consecutive reaction cycles, furfuryl alcohol yield was slightly reduced from 93.4% to 77.7%, but it could be recovered to 92.8% after the reused composite was regenerated with dilute alkali solution. Batch experiments and systematic characterizations demonstrated that the excellent catalytic performance of composite catalyst was determined by multiple factors mainly including the stronger Lewis acidity, a considerable amount of basic site and the rich mesoporous structure. This study provides a facile strategy to prepare multifunctional composite catalysts using naturally abundant carbohydrates as the feedstocks for lignocellulosic biorefinery.

Screening of an Armillaria gallica strain for Gastrodia elata cultivation

This study aims to screen a strain from Armillaria for the cultivation of Gastrodia elata. Specifically, Armillaria strains were isolated from different producing areas of G. elata and identified. Based on the growth characteristics of the strains and the experiment on the cultivation of G. elata, an optimal A. gallica strain was screened out. The specific process is as follows. The fungus-gro-wing materials of G. elata were collected from four producing areas and the Armillaria strains were isolated(G,Y,S,H). The strains were then identified based on morphological observation and phylogeny analysis and the commonly used strains were determined. The sucrase genotypes of the strains were identified according to our previous research findings, and the growth characteristics of the strains, such as growth rate, diameter, dry weight, and polysaccharide content of the rhizomorphs, were measured. According to the biological characteristics and sucrase genotypes, two strains were selected for the cultivation of G. elata. The tuber yield and the content of gastrodin and p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol in the tuber of G. elata were measured to select the optimal strain. The results showed that the four strains were all A. gallica. The rhizomorphs of strains G and H of the same sucrase genotype had larger/higher length, growth rate, diameter, branch number, dry weight, and polysaccharide content than those of strains S and Y of the same sucrase genotype. The tuber yield and the total content of gastrodin and p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol in tuber of G. elata cultivated with strain H were 6.528 kg·m~(-2) and 0.566%, respectively, which were 4.58 and 1.30 folds those of G. elata cultivated with strain S. Strains H and S were screened out from four strains of A. gallica based on the growth characteristics and sucrase genotype. According to the tuber yield and content of total gastrodin and p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol in the tuber of G. elata, strain H was identified as the optimal one. The findings in this study are expected to lay a basis for cultivating G. elata with high yield and quality of tubers.

Atomically dispersed Co2+ on MgAlOx boosting C4–10 alcohols selectivity of ethanol valorization

Atomically dispersed Co2+ on MgAlOx derived from CoMgAl-LDH was offered in a one-pot catalytic transformation of ethanol into the C4–10 alcohols process, which could boost the C4–10 alcohols yield of ethanol valorization at relatively low temperature.

Co-circularity of spent coffee grounds and polyethylene via co-pyrolysis: Characteristics, kinetics, and products

Spent coffee grounds (CG) and polyethylene (PE) are the two typical types of major solid wastes. Their co-pyrolysis may be leveraged to reduce their waste streams and pollution and valorize energy and by-products. In this study, their co-pyrolysis performances, interaction effects, kinetics, and products were characterized in response to the varying temperature and blend ratio. The co-pyrolysis exhibited the two main stages of (1) the degradation of CG (180–380 °C) and (2) the depolymerization of PE and the decomposition of lignin (380–550 °C). The pyrolysis performance rose from 1.34×10−4%3·min−2·°C−3 with the mono-pyrolysis of CG to 26.32×10−4%3·min−2·°C−3 with the co-pyrolysis of 10 % CG and 90 % PE. The co-pyrolysis of 70 % CG and 30 % PE (CP73) achieved a lower activation energy than did the mono-pyrolysis of the two fuels. The products of the CG pyrolysis included a large number of alcohols, ethers, ketones, esters, and other oxygen-containing compounds, with a proportion as high as 65.01 %. The products of CP73 at 550 °C resulted in the yields of hydrocarbons and alcohols up to 93.61 %, beneficial to the further utilization of the co-pyrolytic products. Not only did the co-pyrolysis valorize its products, but also it enhanced their co-circularity. Artificial neural network-based joint optimization showed CP73 in the range of 517–1000 °C as the best combination of the conditions. The study provides new insights into the co-pyrolytic disposal of spent coffee grounds and polyethylene so as to improve the waste stream reduction and the valorization of energy and products.

Unusual aldehyde reductase activity for the production of full-length fatty alcohol by cyanobacterial aldehyde deformylating oxygenase

Aldehyde-deformylating oxygenase (ADO) is a non-heme di-iron enzyme that catalyzes the deformylation of aldehydes to generate alkanes/alkenes. In this study, we report for the first time that under anaerobic or limited oxygen conditions, Prochlorococcus marinus (PmADO) can generate full-length fatty alcohols from fatty aldehydes without eliminating a carbon unit. In contrast to ADO's native activity, which requires electrons from the Fd/FNR electron transfer complex, ADO's aldehyde reduction activity requires only NAD(P)H. Our results demonstrated that the yield of alcohol products could be affected by oxygen concentration and the type of aldehyde. Under strictly anaerobic conditions, yields of octanol were up to 31%. Moreover, metal cofactors are not involved in the aldehyde reductase activity of PmADO because the yields of alcohols obtained from apoenzyme and holoenzyme treated with various metals were similar under anaerobic conditions. In addition, PmADO prefers medium-chain aldehydes, specifically octanal (kcat/Km around 15 × 10−3 μM−1min−1). The findings herein highlight a new activity of PmADO, which may be applied as a biocatalyst for the industrial synthesis of fatty alcohols.

Co-pyrolysis characteristics of waste tire and maize stalk using TGA, FTIR and Py-GC/MS analysis

Co-pyrolysis technology is an important pathway to realize efficient utilization of waste tires and biomass resources, solve environmental problems and help mitigate the energy supply issues. Results are presented on the pyrolysis behavior of waste tire, maize stalk and their mixtures using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The results showed synergistic effects in the co-pyrolysis of waste tire and maize stalk. The co-pyrolysis results showed increased weight loss. The pyrolysis of waste tire and maize stalk was relatively independent in the co-pyrolysis process. The FTIR results showed that the waste tire and maize stalk had similar functional groups, and that the co-pyrolysis products not only included ketones, aldehydes and acids, but also H2O and SO2. The GC/MS analysis data showed that co-pyrolysis helps to inhibit polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) production and improve products yield of hydrocarbons and alcohols. The results presented here provide a fundamental basis of the co-pyrolysis technology for the disposal of waste tire and agricultural biomass for cleaner energy conversion and greener environment.

Influence of Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains on fermentation of Monascus vinegar from rice pasta by-product

In the present work, rice pasta by-product (RPBP) was used as a raw material for the production of Monascus vinegar. Alcoholic fermentation using RPBP and red yeast rice koji were carried out, and the fermentative characteristics based on the yeast strains (Saccharomyces cerevisiae TISTR 5169, TISTR 5196, and TISTR 5197) were investigated. The compositional changes and functional properties of Monascus vinegar were examined. S. cerevisiae TISTR 5169 produced a higher yield of alcohol in a shorter time as compared to other strains, in which 10% alcohol was observed after four days of fermentation. Descriptive sensory evaluation showed that Monascus wine fermented by S. cerevisiae TISTR 5169 (W5169) showed the highest result of intensity in cereal, fruit, and alcohol aroma. Therefore, W5169 was selected for subsequent acetous fermentation. During fermentation for 39 days, the titratable acidity (acetic acid) increased, associated with the decrease in alcohol contents and pH values. Acetification increased total phenolic content in accordance with an increase of antioxidant activity. Moreover, Monascus vinegar contained functional ingredients including Monascus pigments; yellow (0.17 OD unit/mL), orange (0.08 OD unit/mL), red (0.06 OD unit/mL), monacolin K (0.0141 ppm), and total phenolic content (71.70 µg GAE/mL). Monascus vinegar exhibited potential for antioxidant activity (58.8%) and xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity (73.7%), and in particular, was without the mycotoxin citrinin.