Alcoholic Patients Research Articles

Identification and Characterization of Candidate Platelet Proteins as Potential Biomarkers for Alcoholism Patients

ABSTRACT Chronic alcoholism is a significant health issue associated with severe liver complications, including alcohol-related liver disease (ARLD), progresses from fatty liver to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. ARLD affects liver function and hemostasis, leading to increased mortality. This study intended to investigate the platelet proteome and detect platelet cell apoptosis via Annexin V in ARLD patients in order to identify potential biomarkers for disease progression. Twenty-three patients with ARLD were recruited, and their platelet proteins were analyzed via mass spectrometry. Approximately 441 proteins were identified, with 73 candidate biomarkers selected on the basis of clinical importance. Key proteins involved in coagulation, inflammation, and cellular interactions are highlighted. Gene ontology and STRING analyses revealed functional clusters and pathways associated with these proteins. This study identified critical platelet proteins, such as von Willebrand factor, vitronectin, and serpin family members, which play essential roles in hemostasis and liver disease pathogenesis. These findings suggest that changes in platelet proteomes could serve as noninvasive biomarkers for diagnosing, monitoring, and treating ARLD.

Comparative Analysis of Serum Magnesium Levels in Alcoholic and Non-Alcoholic Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Comparative Analysis of Serum Magnesium Levels in Alcoholic and Non-Alcoholic Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Predictors of survival for severe alcoholic hepatitis patients treated with low volume centrifugal plasma exchange and low dose steroid

Predictors of survival for severe alcoholic hepatitis patients treated with low volume centrifugal plasma exchange and low dose steroid

A Prospective study on Prescribing patterns of drugs used in Alcoholic Liver disease patients at Tertiary Care Hospital in Vadodara – A Observational Study

A Prospective study on Prescribing patterns of drugs used in Alcoholic Liver disease patients at Tertiary Care Hospital in Vadodara – A Observational Study

Alcohol abuse and discretionary habits in psoriatic patients: impact on IL-17 and IL-23 inhibitor response.

Alcohol abuse is correlated with the onset and worsening of psoriasis, but its effects, as for smoking, on biological therapies are still poorly investigated. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of alcohol abuse and other discretionary habits (such as smoking and sedentary lifestyle) in patients with psoriasis treated with topicals, conventional systemic and biologic therapies. The second objective is to investigate the impact of discretionary habits, focusing on alcohol abuse, on the response to biological therapy. To identify alcohol dependence, the CAGE questionnaire was distributed among patients of our clinic. 305 patients were included with 18% at high risk of alcohol abuse. Clinically, guttate psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis were more common in patients at higher risk of alcohol abuse. Furthermore, patients with an alcohol problem who started biological therapy reported a higher PASI than those who drank less. None of the considered variables seemed to correlate with discontinuation of medication or with lower achievement of the analyzed outcomes (PASI100, PASI90, and PASI≤3). There was a stronger association between alcohol dependence and patients receiving conventional therapy than with patients receiving biologics. The efficacy of biologicals did not seem to be impacted by alcohol consumption, smoking, or sedentary lifestyle.

Effect of diabetes on mortality and liver transplantation in alcoholic liver cirrhotic patients with acute decompensation.

Previous studies have investigated the influence of diabetes on alcoholic liver cirrhosis patients, leaving its impact unclear. Thus, we conducted a study to reveal the association of diabetes and clinical outcomes of such patients. We prospectively collected data from multicenter pertaining to 965 patients diagnosed with alcoholic liver cirrhosis, all of whom were admitted due to acute decompensation between 2015 and 2019. Risk of major precipitating factors and incidences of death or liver transplantation in patients with and without diabetes was comparatively assessed. Propensity score (PS) matching was performed at a 1:2 ratio for accurate comparisons. The mean age was 53.4years, and 81.0% of the patients were male. Diabetes was prevalent in 23.6% of the cohort and was positively correlated with hepatic encephalopathy and upper gastrointestinal bleeding, although not statistically significant. During a median follow-up of 903.5 person-years (PYs), 64 patients with and 171 without diabetes died or underwent liver transplantation, with annual incidence of 33.6/100 PYs and 24.0/100 PYs, respectively. In the PS-matched cohort, the incidence of death or liver transplantation was 36.8/100 PYs and 18.6/100 PYs in the diabetes and matched control group, respectively. After adjusting for various factors, coexisting diabetes significantly heightened the risk of death or liver transplantation in the short and long term, in addition to prolonged prothrombin time, low serum albumin, elevated total bilirubin and creatinine, and decreased serum sodium levels. Diabetes increases the risk of death or liver transplantation in patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis.

Assessment of Concentration KRT6 Proteins in Tumor and Matching Surgical Margin from Patients with Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) are one of the most frequently detected cancers in the world; not all mechanisms related to the expression of keratin in this type of cancer are known. The aim of this study was to evaluate type II cytokeratins (KRT): KRT6A, KRT6B, and KRT6C protein concentrations in 54 tumor and margin samples of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Moreover, we examined a possible association between protein concentration and the clinical and demographic variables. Protein concentrations were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Significantly higher KRT6A protein concentration was found in HNSCC samples compared to surgical margins. An inverse relationship was observed for KRT6B and KRT6C proteins. We showed an association between the KRT6C protein level and clinical parameters T and N in tumor and margin samples. When analyzing the effect of smoking and drinking on KRT6A, KRT6B, and KRT6C levels, we demonstrated a statistically significant difference between regular or occasional tobacco and alcohol habits and patients who do not have any tobacco and alcohol habits in tumor and margin samples. Moreover, we found an association between KRT6B and KRT6C concentration and proliferative index Ki-67 and HPV status in tumor samples. Our results showed that concentrations of KRT6s were different in the tumor and the margin samples and varied in relation to clinical and demographic parameters. We add information to the current knowledge about the role of KRT6s isoforms in HNSCC. We speculate that variations in the studied isoforms of the KRT6 protein could be due to the presence and development of the tumor and its microenvironment. It is important to note that the analyses were performed in tumor and surgical margins and can provide more accurate information on the function in normal and cancer cells and regulation in response to various factors.

TG: HDL, AST: ALT, A:G Ratios in Alcoholic and Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver patients

TG: HDL, AST: ALT, A:G Ratios in Alcoholic and Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver patients

A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Emotional Freedom Techniques on Anxiety Among Wives of Alcoholics

ABSTRACT Background: Anxiety is an unpleasant feeling that is typically associated with uneasiness, fear, or worry. It is a normal human emotion that everyone experiences at times many people feel anxious or nervous, when faced with a problem at work, before making an important decision. Anxiety in extreme form, may cause distress which interferes with a person’s ability to lead a normal life. Aims: This Study aims is to assess the effectiveness of Emotional Freedom Techniques on Anxiety Among Wives of Alcoholics Method: A quasi-experimental nonequivalent research design with a nonprobability sampling technique was used to conduct a study among 30 wives of alcoholic patients. A generalized anxiety disorder scale (7-point scale) was used to assess the level of anxiety among alcoholic wives. Confidentiality was maintained throughout the research. The data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. Result: The result shows that in the pretest, 70 (70%) had no anxiety, 12 (12%) had mild anxiety, and 18 (18%) had moderate anxiety whereas in the post-test, 85 (85%) had no anxiety, 13 (13%) had mild anxiety, and 2 (2%) had moderate anxiety among wives of alcoholics. Conclusion: This study revealed that among wives of alcoholics, a significant proportion had anxiety about the alcoholic spouse by Emotional freedom techniques.

Gallbladder fossa nodularity in the liver as observed in alcoholic liver disease patients: Analysis based on hepatobiliary phase signal intensity on gadoxetate-enhanced MRI and extracellular volume fraction calculated from routine CT data.

The purpose of this study is to further verify the concept utilizing signal intensity on hepatobiliary phase (HBP) of gadoxetate-enhanced MRI and extracellular volume fraction (ECV) calculated from CT data. Between Jan 2013 and September 2018, consecutive ALD patients who had both quadruple phase CT and gadoxetate-enhanced MRI within six months were retrospectively recruited. Those who had any intervention or disease involvement around gallbladder fossa were excluded. All images were reviewed and ECV was measured by two experienced radiologists. GBFN grades, and their HBP signal intensity or ECV relative to the surrounding background liver (BGL) were analyzed. There were 48 patients who met the inclusion criteria. There were GBFN grade 0/1/2/3 in 11/15/18/4 patients, respectively. The signal intensity on HBP relative to BGL were iso/slightly high/high in 30/15/3 patients, respectively, and ECV ratio (ECV of GBFN divided by that of BGL) was 0.88 ± 0.18, indicating there are more functioning hepatocytes and less fibrosis in GBFN than in BGL. The GBFN grades were significantly correlated to relative signal intensity at HBP (Spearman's rank correlation, p < 0.01, rho value 0.53), and ECV ratio (p < 0.01, rho value -0.45). Our results suggest GBFN in ALD would represent liver tissues with preserved liver function with less fibrosis, as compared to BGL, which are considered to support our hypothesis as shown above.

Factors Associated with Antidiabetic Medications and Dietary Recommendation Adherence Among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

ABSTRACT Introduction Diabetes mellitus is a global noncommunicable disease epidemic of public concern. Adherence poses a challenge to patients due to the long-term management of type 2 diabetes. This study assessed the factors associated with antidiabetic medications and dietary recommendation adherence among patients with type 2 diabetes in Ghana. Methods A hospital-based, cross-sectional study design was used to assess self-reported factors associated with antidiabetic medications and dietary recommendation adherence among 165 recruited type 2 diabetes patients who visited diabetic clinics of two selected municipal hospitals in the Volta region of Ghana. A structured questionnaire consisting of closed-ended questions was used. Phone calls were used to collect responses from participants using the structured questionnaire, which included the United Kingdom Diabetes Diet Questionnaire and Morisky Adherence Scale. Data collected were entered into a Microsoft Excel sheet and exported to STATA software (version 15) to analyze variables. Binary logistic regression was run to determine the association between the level of adherence (outcome variable) and the independent variables. A CI of 95% with a p-value of &amp;lt; 0.05 was statistically significant. Results Self-reported factors were as follows: forgetfulness (p = 0.0001), taking medication (p = 0.006), difficulty remembering to take medication (p = 0.001), worry about long-term intake of drugs (p = 0.0001), choice of high-fiber diet (p = 0.037), intake of processed or refined carbohydrate (p = 0.049) alcohol intake (p = 0.033), age (p = 0.015), occupation (p = 0.009), and patient waiting time (p = 0.020) were found to have contributed to medication/dietary nonadherence among the participants. Conclusion Patient adherence was low. Health authorities in the two selected hospitals should develop strategies to reduce the problem of poor adherence.

Effect of alcohol consumption on lipid profile

Now-a-days alcoholism is major complication for development of different diseases. According to our literature review chronic alcoholic consumption will cause the lot of health complications. People without any comorbidities are also diagnosed with the lot of health complications at early age because of alcohol consumption. Our aim of the study is to identify the lipid changes in chronic alcoholic patients and how it effects on their health.To monitor the lipid changes in alcoholic persons.A prospective observational study was conducted for duration of six months, the data has been collected in 456 patients over six months of period and the data was collected with informed consent from the persons. All the data was collected by interacting with persons by using data collection form and laboratory reports were studied.In our study, 456 male populations were included. Out of 456 members, 272 people were alcoholics, and 184 members were non-alcoholic. Out of 272 population 180 are chronic alcoholics and 92 are occasional alcoholics. Out of 456 members young adults (18-25) 182 (39.9%) persons and old adults (26-40) were 274 (60%) persons296 members are taking alcohol with food and 160 members are taking without food. Out of 456 population 438 (96%) persons are non-vegetarians and 18(4%) members are vegetarians. Out of 272, 104 members were drinking beer, 58 were cheap liquor, 25 were Officers' choice, 18 were royal stag, 22 were blenders pride, 15 were signature, 23 were mixed brands, and 7 were others. In our study 156 persons were drinking sweetened beverages, 52(33.3%) members are daily beverage intakes and 104(33.3%) Members are occasionally beverage intakes. According to our study most commonly used sugary beverage brands are thumps up 93(59%), 48(31%) Sting,15(10%) other sugary beverages. Out of 156, Triglycerides were elevated in 47 and LDL was elevated in 36 persons, VLDL elevated in 4 persons and T. Cholesterol elevated in 5 members, Normal lipid profile in 64 persons. Out of 456 persons, 314(69%) are undiagnosed and 142(31%) are diagnosed with lipid changes. According to our common complications associated with alcohol consumption 39 were cardiac, 56 were hepatic, 9 were renal, and 38 were others (pancreatitis, stroke, cholelithiasis).In our study, we concluded that alcohol consumption will mainly affect triglyceride levels. Elevation of triglyceride levels is associated with the quantity and duration of alcohol intake. Normal Intake of alcohol does not cause lipid changes. Excessive intake of beer and cheap liquor increases TG. Excessive alcohol intake and fat intake will increase the LDL, Triglycerides, VLDL and decrease HDL. Excessive intake of sweetened beverages may also cause dyslipidaemia. Because it contains a high number of calories. The most common complication associated with elevation of triglycerides are hypertension, cardiovascular disease. Alcohol intake with food or without food shows the same complications but the absorption of alcohol may vary with food. Alcohol consumption with fat intake will cause hyperlipidaemia.

Centrifugal technique of plasma exchange and low-dose steroid to treat very severe alcoholic hepatitis patients: A retrospective analysis

Centrifugal technique of plasma exchange and low-dose steroid to treat very severe alcoholic hepatitis patients: A retrospective analysis

Homeopathic medicine based on Carapichea Ipecacuanha for the treatment of alcoholism

Based on the results of the SWOT-analysis, the prospects and strategy for the development of a homeopathic medicinal product based on ipecacuanha are substantiated. It was found that there is only one domestic complex drug on the pharmaceutical market. It is shown that reduction of the cost and improvement of the quality of the starting material is possible with the use of biotechnological methods. Ultrasonic filtration is proposed to obtain the matrix tincture. It has been established that a homeopathic remedy with ipecacuanha can be a means of additional therapy at the stage of detoxification and the formation of patient's alcohol aversion. The necessity of additional research and improvement of quality control methods is proved.

Features of the Background EEG of Alcohol Dependent Patients with Comorbid Exogenous Organic Brain Damage

Background: the range and prevalence of complicating pathologies in alcoholism indicate the need for a thorough examination of patients using modern diagnostic approaches. The aim was to study the indicators of spontaneous electrical activity of the brain in patients with alcohol dependence with comorbid exogenous organic brain damage non-alcoholic nature. Patients and methods: a study of electroencephalograms of 148 men with alcohol dependence using the classification of E.A. Zhirmunskaya (1984) was conducted. Results: based on the hystory data, 85 (57.4%) patients were found to have exogenous organic vascular brain damage (including hypertension in 57 (38.5%) cases, chronic cerebral circulation disorder — in 8 (5.4%), somatoform autonomic dysfunction — in 7 (4.7%)) and traumatic character (mild traumatic brain injury) in 13 (8.8%)) patients. The analysis using Fisher’s exact criterion revealed statistically significant differences between patients with alcohol dependence and alcoholism patients with comorbid exogenous organic brain damage in the frequency of occurrence of various types of electroencephalograms (p &lt; 0.001). The study clearly showed that the presence of exogenous organic brain damage in patients with alcoholism leads to more pronounced functional changes in the brain. Conclusion: early detection of pathological activity on the EEG in patients with alcohol dependence will allow clinicians to carry out appropriate therapeutic and diagnostic measures in a timely manner and will provide additional information necessary for the development of personalized medical rehabilitation programs for patients taking into account their neurophysiological profile.

Patient Factors Associated With Prolonged Length of Stay After Traumatic Brain Injury.

Background For traumatic brain injury (TBI) survivors, recovery can lead to significant time spent in the inpatient/rehabilitation settings. Hospital length of stay (LOS) after TBI is a crucial metric of resource utilization and treatment costs. Risk factors for prolonged LOS (PLOS) after TBI require further characterization. Methodology We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients with diagnosed TBI at an urban trauma center. PLOS was defined as the 95th percentile of the LOS of the cohort. Patients with and without PLOS were compared using clinical/injury factors. Analyses included descriptive statistics, non-parametric analyses, and multivariable logistic regression for PLOS status. Results The threshold for PLOS was >24 days. In the cohort of 1,343 patients, 77 had PLOS. PLOS was significantly associated with longer mean intensive care unit (ICU) stays (16.4 vs. 1.5 days), higher mean injury severity scores (18.6 vs. 13.8), lower mean Glasgow coma scale scores (11.3 vs. 13.7) and greater mean complication burden (0.7 vs. 0.1). PLOS patients were more likely to have moderate/severe TBI, Medicaid insurance, and were less likely to be discharged home.In the regression model, PLOS was associated with ICU stay, inpatient disposition, ventilator use, unplanned intubation, and inpatient alcohol withdrawal. Conclusions TBI patients with PLOS were more likely to have severe injuries, in-hospital complications, and Medicaid insurance. PLOS was predicted by ICU stay, intubation, alcohol withdrawal, and disposition to inpatient/post-acute care facilities. Efforts to reduce in-hospital complications and expedite discharge may reduce LOS and accompanying costs.Further validation of these results is needed from larger multicenter studies.

Altered individual gray matter structural covariance networks in early abstinence patients with alcohol dependence.

While alterations in cortical thickness have been widely observed in individuals with alcohol dependence, knowledge about cortical thickness-based structural covariance networks is limited. This study aimed to explore the topological disorganization of structural covariance networks based on cortical thickness at the single-subject level among patients with alcohol dependence. Structural imaging data were obtained from 61 patients with alcohol dependence during early abstinence and 59 healthy controls. The single-subject structural covariance networks were constructed based on cortical thickness data from 68 brain regions and were analyzed using graph theory. The relationships between network architecture and clinical characteristics were further investigated using partial correlation analysis. In the structural covariance networks, both patients with alcohol dependence and healthy controls displayed small-world topology. However, compared to controls, alcohol-dependent individuals exhibited significantly altered global network properties characterized by greater normalized shortest path length, greater shortest path length, and lower global efficiency. Patients exhibited lower degree centrality and nodal efficiency, primarily in the right precuneus. Additionally, scores on the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test were negatively correlated with the degree centrality and nodal efficiency of the left middle temporal gyrus. The results of this correlation analysis did not survive after multiple comparisons in the exploratory analysis. Our findings may reveal alterations in the topological organization of gray matter networks in alcoholism patients, which may contribute to understanding the mechanisms of alcohol addiction from a network perspective.

Hepatology consultation is associated with decreased early return to alcohol use after discharge from an inpatient alcohol use disorder treatment program.

Alcohol cessation is the only intervention that both prevents and halts the progressions of alcohol-associated liver disease. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between a return to alcohol use and consultation with hepatology in treatment-seeking patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD). Two hundred forty-two patients with AUD were enrolled in an inpatient treatment program, with hepatology consultation provided for 143 (59%) patients at the request of the primary team. Patients not seen by hepatology served as controls. The primary outcome was any alcohol use after discharge assessed using AUDIT-C at 26 weeks after discharge. For the primary endpoint, AUDIT at week 26, 61% of the hepatology group and 28% of the controls completed the questionnaire (p=0.07). For the secondary endpoint at week 52, these numbers were 22% and 11% (p = 0.6). At week 26, 39 (45%) patients in the hepatology group versus 31 (70%) controls (p = 0.006) returned to alcohol use. Patients evaluated by hepatology had decreased rates of hazardous alcohol use compared to controls, with 36 (41%) versus 29 (66%) (p = 0.008) of the patients, respectively, reporting hazardous use. There were no significant differences in baseline characteristics between groups and no difference in rates of prescribing AUD therapy. There was no difference in outcomes at 52 weeks. Patients evaluated by hepatology had significantly lower rates of return to alcohol use and lower rates of hazardous drinking at 26 weeks but not at 52 weeks. These findings suggest that hepatology evaluation during inpatient treatment of AUD may lead to decreased rates of early return to alcohol use.

French Psychiatry and Alcoholism in the 1950s and 1960s: The Paradoxes of Outpatient Care

Summary This article examines the place of alcoholic patients in French psychiatry in the 1950s and 1960s, an era of incipient psychiatric reform. Relying on medical literature, national and department archives, as well as hitherto unexploited patient files from one of the first anti-alcoholic consultations opened in the early 1950s in Paris, it shows how new therapies and drugs, such as disulfiram, revived the interest of psychiatrists for alcoholism and enabled the outpatient treatment of alcoholics. However, the study of patient trajectories reveals that ambulatory care did not substitute itself for hospitalisation. The article then analyses how the psychiatrist–patient relation was transformed in the framework of the consultation, and included new stakeholders such as social workers and family members. It finally explains why therapeutic enthusiasm gave way, at the end of the 1960s, to increasing doubts concerning the role of the psychiatrist in the cure of alcoholism.

A Brief Review on Korsakoff Syndrome

Korsakoff Syndrome (KS) is a residual syndrome which is characterized with neuropsychological conditions affecting the daily life of chronic drinkers of alcohol. Sergei Korsakoff is a Russian neuropsychiatrist, in the year 1887 given a note on the Korsakoff syndrome which is characterized by an extraordinary peculiar amnesia which has been associated with peripheral inflammation of the nerves. This syndrome can be chronic in onset and remains permanent. The person suffering with KS can be observed with cognitive and behavioral dysfunction. The symptoms of amnesia, executive dysfunction, confabulation, apathy and social-cognitive impairments can be observed in these affected patients. In the aspect of the pharmacological treatment of KS sufficient concentration of thiamine should be administered parenterally. In alcoholic patients, the doses of thiamine can be administered approximately 500mg or above but the evidence in this aspect is less available. Compared to the pharmacological therapy, the rehabilitation programme can be more helpful to the patients with KS. Among six studies, evidence was produced that some of the techniques which can be helpful for the compensation of memory can include use of agendas, memory cards, gadgets like mobiles and smart watches can be helpful in the patients with KS. For the better improvement of the cognition, interventions associated with errorless learning can be possible theoretically. In this learning process the patients are not permitted to make any errors. This may also support the semantic learning process.