Alcohol Consumption In Adults Research Articles

Association between alcohol consumption and overweight in adults: brief notes on biological plausibility

Authors debate that alcohol would be a food, providing calories to those who consume it. And when this consumption is exacerbated, there is a risk of weight gain. When assessing the risk factors for being overweight, especially in the consumption of alcoholic beverages, studies have shown positive, negative, and null associations. In this text, we sought to discuss the evidence of the association between alcohol consumption and overweight in adults. From the analysis, the studies observed the effect of alcohol on both metabolic pathways and the modulation of neurotransmitters that regulate appetite and hunger. The literature has pointed out that light to moderate consumption would not be a risk factor for being overweight, but only excessive consumption would be related. Authors emphasize that people who consume alcohol in a mild to moderate way have better lifestyle habits involving physical exercise and healthier food intake. Thus, they could present better protection against weight gain. Because obesity and overweight are multifactorial diseases, it is difficult to investigate the independent influence of alcohol consumption on the risk of these diseases. It reinforces the importance of studies that analyze and advance in the understanding of the relationship between alcohol consumption and overweight, especially by evaluating the total volume consumed, consumption patterns, and types of drinks so that the results support the creation of strategies for health promotion, prevention and control of these diseases among the population.

Relationship Between Alcohol Consumption and Risky Sexual Behaviors Among Adolescents and Young Adults: A Meta-Analysis.

Objectives: Adolescents exposed to alcohol have increased risky sexual behaviors (RSBs); however, the association between alcohol consumption and RSBs has to be systematically and quantitatively reviewed. We conducted a meta-analysis of the literature to systematically and quantitatively review the association between alcohol consumption and RSBs in adolescents and young adults. Methods: We searched for qualified articles published from 2000 to 2020 and calculated pooled odds ratios (ORs) using the random-effect model. We also conducted meta-regression and sensitivity analyses to identify potential heterogeneity moderators. Results: The meta-analysis of 50 studies involving 465,595 adolescents and young adults indicated that alcohol consumption was significantly associated with early sexual initiation (OR = 1.958, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.635-2.346), inconsistent condom use (OR = 1.228, 95% CI = 1.114-1.354), and having multiple sexual partners (OR = 1.722, 95% CI = 1.525-1.945). Conclusion: Alcohol consumption is strongly associated with RSBs, including early sexual initiation, inconsistent condom use, and multiple sexual partners among adolescents and young adults. To prevent the adverse consequences of alcohol consumption, drinking prevention programs should be initiated at an early age and supported by homes, schools, and communities.

Longitudinal factors associated with increased alcohol consumption in adults during the COVID-19 pandemic

ABSTRACT Background: Alcohol is the most abused substance among adults in the United States. The COVID-19 pandemic impacted patterns of alcohol use, but data are conflicting, and previous studies are largely limited to cross-sectional analyses. Objective: This study aimed to longitudinally assess sociodemographic and psychological correlates of changes in three patterns of alcohol use (number of alcoholic drinks, drinking regularity, and binge drinking) during COVID-19. Methods: We studied changes in self-reported drinking behaviors in 222,195 Mayo Clinic patients over 21 years of age (58.1% female and 41.9% male) between April 1, 2019, and March 30, 2021. Logistic regression models were used to estimate associations between patient characteristics and change in alcohol consumption. Results: Sociodemographically younger age, White race, having a college degree, and living in a rural area were associated with increased alcohol use regularity (all p < .05). Younger age, male, White, high-school education or less, living in a more deprived neighborhood, smoking, and living in a rural area were associated with increases in number of alcohol drinks (all p ≤ .04) and binge drinking (all p ≤ .01). Increased anxiety scores were associated with increased number of drinks, while depression severity was associated with both increased drinking regularity and increased number of drinks (all p ≤ .02) independent of sociodemographic characteristics. Conclusion: Our study showed that both sociodemographic and psychological characteristics were associated with increased alcohol consumption patterns during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our study highlights specific target groups previously not described in the literature for alcohol interventions based on sociodemographic and psychological characteristics.

Chronic ethanol exposure induces mitochondrial dysfunction and alters gene expression and metabolism in human cardiac spheroids.

Chronic alcohol consumption in adults can induce various cardiac toxicities such as arrhythmias, cardiomyopathy, and heart failure. Prenatal alcohol exposure can increase the risk of developing congenital heart defectsamongoffspring. Understandingthe molecular mechanisms underlying long-term alcohol exposure-induced cardiotoxicity canhelpguidethedevelopmentof therapeutic strategies. Cardiomyocytes derived from human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC-CMs) were engineered into cardiac spheroids and treated with clinically relevant concentrations of ethanol (17 and 50 mM) for 5 weeks. The cells were then analyzed for changes in mitochondrial features, transcriptomic and metabolomic profiles, and integrated omics outcomes. Following chronic ethanol treatment of hiPSC-CMs, a decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential and respiration and changes in expression of mitochondrial function-related genes were observed. RNA-sequencing analysis revealed changes in various metabolic processes, heart development, response to hypoxia, and extracellular matrix-related activities. Metabolomic analysis revealed dysregulation of energy metabolism and increased metabolites associated with theupregulation of inflammation. Integrated omics analysis further identified functional subclusters and revealed potentially affected pathways associated with cardiac toxicities. Chronic ethanol treatment of hiPSC-CMs resulted in overall decreased mitochondrial function, increased glycolysis, disrupted fatty acid oxidation, and impaired cardiac structural development.

The effects of exceeding low-risk drinking thresholds on self-rated health and all-cause mortality in older adults: the Tromsø study 1994–2020

BackgroundBased on findings of increasing alcohol consumption in older adults, it is important to clarify the health consequences. Using data from the Tromsø study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between different levels of alcohol consumption in old adulthood and self-rated health trajectories and all-cause mortality.MethodsThis is an epidemiological study utilizing repeated measures from the Tromsø study cohort. It allows follow-up of participants from 1994 to 2020. A total of 24,590 observations of alcohol consumption were made in older adults aged 60–99 (53% women). Primary outcome measures: Self-rated health (SRH) and all-cause mortality. SRH was reported when attending the Tromsø study. Time of death was retrieved from the Norwegian Cause of Death Registry. The follow-up time extended from the age of study entry to the age of death or end of follow-up on November 25, 2020. Predictor: Average weekly alcohol consumption (non-drinker, < 100 g/week, ≥100 g/week). We fitted two-level logistic random effects models to examine how alcohol consumption was related to SRH, and Cox proportional hazards models to examine its relation to all-cause mortality. Both models were stratified by sex and adjusted for sociodemographic factors, pathology, biometrics, smoking and physical activity. In addition, all the confounders were examined for whether they moderate the relationship between alcohol and the health-related outcomes through interaction analyses.ResultsWe found that women who consumed ≥100 g/week had better SRH than those who consumed < 100 g/week; OR 1.85 (1.46–2.34). This pattern was not found in men OR 1.18 (0.99–1.42). We identified an equal mortality risk in both women and men who exceeded 100 g/week compared with those who consumed less than 100 g/week; HR 0.95 (0.73–1.22) and HR 0.89 (0.77–1.03), respectively.ConclusionsThere was no clear evidence of an independent negative effect on either self-rated health trajectories or all-cause mortality for exceeding an average of 100 g/week compared to lower drinking levels in this study with up to 25 years follow-up. However, some sex-specific risk factors in combination with the highest level of alcohol consumption led to adverse effects on self-rated health. In men it was the use of sleeping pills or tranquilisers and ≥ 20 years of smoking, in women it was physical illness and older age.

Differential Momentary Reports of Stress and Affect Associated With Alcohol Consumption in Middle-Aged Versus Younger Adults

Background: Stress is a motivator to consume alcohol, a well-documented relapse risk, and is known to differentially affect biological and psychological processes as people age. Objectives: Because alcohol consumption is known to acutely decrease stress and increase affect, this study examined differences in ratings of stress and affect in middle-aged versus younger adults who regularly consume alcohol. Methods: A sample of younger (n = 17) and middle-aged (n = 18) drinkers was studied during a 3-day period of typical alcohol consumption. Resting levels of respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) were measured during a baseline study visit since RSA is a well-documented biomarker of stress and is known to decrease with age. Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) survey ratings (n = 1,598) were modeled using hierarchical regression to assess differences in stress and affect throughout the day between the two age groups. Results: As anticipated, middle-aged participants had lower RSA than those who were younger. Although the middle-aged adults showed overall lower stress, generally they also experienced higher affect than the younger adults. Middle-aged adults experienced a significant reduction in stress following drinking while no such effect was observed in the younger adults. Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the first investigation using EMA methodology to examine stress and affect between younger and middle-aged adults who habitually consume alcohol. These cross-sectional data suggest potential momentary stress relief to engaging with moderate alcohol consumption in a middle-aged population. Future work must address this important motivational process in curtailing maintenance of alcohol consumption and preventing escalation of consumption.

Stress-Induced Alcohol Consumption in Young Adults

Alcohol misuse and alcohol dependency are frequent in young adults in Germany. The cases have more increased in females than in males. Hypothesized is an association between stress load, stress coping and alcohol consumption for stress relief. A controlled laboratory experiment measured stress-induced beer consumption in 105 young women and men. Usual drinking behavior and stress coping were taken into account. After stress (TSST) beer intake was higher compared to control condition for men as well as for women. Stress coping was more inadequate in women. Alcohol consumption in laboratory is integrated in models of negative reinforcement and proposals of social cognitive learning theory.

Nudging Interventions on Alcohol and Tobacco Consumption in Adults: A Scoping Review of the Literature.

Background: The World Health Organization identified alcohol and tobacco consumption as the risk factors with a greater attributable burden and number of deaths related to non-communicable diseases. A promising technique aimed to modify behavioral risk factors by redesigning the elements influencing the choice of people is nudging. Methodology: A scoping review of the literature was performed to map the literature evidence investigating the use of nudging for tobacco and alcohol consumption prevention and/or control in adults. Results: A total of 20 studies were included. The identified nudging categories were increasing salience of information or incentives (IS), default choices (DF), and providing feedback (PF). Almost three-quarters of the studies implementing IS and half of those implementing PF reported a success. Three-quarters of the studies using IS in conjunction with other interventions reported a success whereas more than half of the those with IS alone reported a success. The PF strategy performed better in multi-component interventions targeting alcohol consumption. Only one DF mono-component study addressing alcohol consumption reported a success. Conclusions: To achieve a higher impact, nudging should be integrated into comprehensive prevention policy frameworks, with dedicated education sessions for health professionals. In conclusion, nudge strategies for tobacco and alcohol consumption prevention in adults show promising results. Further research is needed to investigate the use of nudge strategies in socio-economically diverse groups and in young populations.

Alcohol consumption and epigenetic age acceleration in young adults.

Alcohol is a widely consumed substance in the United States, however its effect on aging remains understudied. In this study of young adults, we examined whether cumulative alcohol consumption, i.e., alcohol years of beer, liquor, wine, and total alcohol, and recent binge drinking, were associated with four measures of age-related epigenetic changes via blood DNA methylation. A random subset of study participants in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study underwent DNA methylation profiling using the Illumina MethylationEPIC Beadchip. Participants with alcohol consumption and methylation data at examination years 15 (n = 1,030) and 20 (n = 945) were included. Liquor and total alcohol consumption were associated with a 0.31-year (P = 0.002) and a 0.12-year (P = 0.013) greater GrimAge acceleration (GAA) per additional five alcohol years, while beer and wine consumption observed marginal (P = 0.075) and no associations (P = 0.359) with GAA, respectively. Any recent binge drinking and the number of days of binge drinking were associated with a 1.38-year (P < 0.001) and a 0.15-year (P < 0.001) higher GAA, respectively. We observed statistical interactions between cumulative beer (P < 0.001) and total alcohol (P = 0.004) consumption with chronological age, with younger participants exhibiting a higher average in GAA compared to older participants. No associations were observed with the other measures of epigenetic aging. These results suggest cumulative liquor and total alcohol consumption and recent binge drinking may alter age-related epigenetic changes as captured by GAA. With the increasing aging population and widespread consumption of alcohol, these findings may have potential implications for lifestyle modification to promote healthy aging.

Pancreatic family history doesnТt predict disease progression, but connotes alcohol consumption in adolescents and young adults with acute pancreatitis: Analysis of an international cohort of 2,335 patients.

Pancreatic family history doesnТt predict disease progression, but connotes alcohol consumption in adolescents and young adults with acute pancreatitis: Analysis of an international cohort of 2,335 patients.

Hydrogen intake relieves alcohol consumption and hangover symptoms in healthy adults: a randomized and placebo-controlled crossover study

Alcohol-induced hangover represents a significant, yet understudied, global hazard and a large socioeconomic burden. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of hydrogen on relieving drinking and hangover symptoms in 20 healthy volunteers. In this pilot, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, matched, crossover interventional trial, participants were matched into pairs and randomly assigned. Study group 1 inhaled placebo air for 1 h, followed by drinking 100 mL liquor (40% alcohol) within 10 min, and then pure water. Study group 2 inhaled a mixture of hydrogen and oxygen gas for 1 h, followed by drinking 100 mL liquor within 10 min, and then hydrogen dissolved in water. On a second intervention day (crossover) ≥1 wk later, study-group subjects were switched to the opposite order. Breath alcohol concentration (BrAC), hangover severity, and cognitive scores were measured. The BrACs within the hydrogen group were significantly lower than those within the placebo group after 30 min, 60 min, and 90 min (P< 0.05). The hydrogen group reported having fewer hangover symptoms compared with the placebo group (placebo: 77% of symptoms absent, 19.7% of mild symptoms, 2.7% of moderate symptoms, 0.7% of severe symptoms; hydrogen: 88.6% of symptoms absent, 10% of mild symptoms, 1.3% of moderate symptoms, 0% of severe symptoms; P< 0.001). Hydrogen treatment improved cognitive testing scores (P< 0.05), including attention and executive functions. Furthermore, consumption of hydrogen was negatively (β = -13.016; 95% CI: -17.726, -8.305; P< 0.001) and female sex was positively (β = 22.611; 95% CI: 16.226, 28.997; P< 0.001) correlated with increased BrACs. Likewise, the consumption of hydrogen was negatively (OR: 0.035; 95% CI: 0.007, 0.168; P< 0.001) while female sex was positively (OR: 28.838; 95% CI: 5.961, 139.506; P< 0.001) correlated with the severity of hangover symptoms. Hydrogen decreases BrACs and relieves the symptoms of hangovers. This trial was registered at the China Clinical Trial Registry (http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=58359) as ChiCTR2200059988.

Pancreatic family history does not predict disease progression but connotes alcohol consumption in adolescents and young adults with acute pancreatitis: Analysis of an international cohort of 2,335 patients.

BackgroundIn pediatric acute pancreatitis (AP), a family history of pancreatic diseases is prognostic for earlier onset of recurrent AP (ARP) and chronic pancreatitis (CP). No evidence supports the same association in adult-onset pancreatitis. Age-specific reasons for familial aggregation are also unclear. We aimed to examine the prognostic role of pancreatic family history for ARP/CP and observe possible underlying mechanisms.MethodsWe conducted a secondary analysis of the Hungarian Pancreatic Study Group’s (HPSG) multicenter, international, prospective registry of patients with AP, both children and adults. We compared the positive family history and the negative family history of pancreatic diseases, in different age groups, and analyzed trends of accompanying factors. Chi-square and Fisher exact tests were used.ResultsWe found a higher rate of ARP/CP in the positive pancreatic family history group (33.7 vs. 25.9%, p = 0.018), peaking at 6–17 years. Idiopathic AP peaked in childhood in the positive family history group (75% 0–5 years) and was consistently 20–35% in the negative group. A higher rate of alcohol consumption/smoking was found in the positive groups at 12–17 years (62.5 vs. 15.8%, p = 0.013) and 18–29 years (90.9 vs. 58.1%, p = 0.049). The prevalence of diabetes and hyperlipidemia steadily rose with age in both groups.ConclusionPositive family history most likely signifies genetic background in early childhood. During adolescence and early adulthood, alcohol consumption and smoking emerge—clinicians should be aware and turn to intervention in such cases. Contrary to current viewpoints, positive pancreatic family history is not a prognostic factor for ARP and CP in adults, so it should not be regarded that way.

Serious Games Supporting the Prevention and Treatment of Alcohol and Drug Consumption in Youth: Scoping Review.

BackgroundThe consumption of alcohol and drugs, particularly in adolescents and young adults, has increased worldwide in the last several years, representing a significant public health challenge. Serious games have the potential to support preventive and treatment interventions for substance use, facilitating the acquisition of relevant knowledge and the motivation for changes in attitudes and behaviors regarding substance consumption.ObjectiveThis scoping review aims to analyze a set of 7 relevant characteristics of current serious games designed to support the prevention and treatment of alcohol and drug consumption in adolescents and young adults—the substance addressed, the type of intervention, the theoretical basis, the computational techniques used, the mechanism for data security and privacy, the evaluation procedure followed, and the main results obtained.MethodsThe review was performed by following the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews) guidelines. Data were retrieved from January 2010 to May 2022, using PubMed, Scopus (Elsevier), IEEE Xplore, and ACM Digital as data sources. The eligibility criteria included studies that described serious games designed to support the prevention or treatment of alcohol and drug consumption, targeted a population aged between 12 and 30 years, and included an evaluation procedure. Authors (JMM and IEEC) individually screened the titles and abstracts, and then full articles were reviewed for a final inclusion decision.ResultsA total of 629 records were obtained, and 29 (4.6%) fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Most of the serious games (14/29, 48%) were focused on the prevention or treatment of alcohol use. The type of intervention that was the most supported was prevention (18/29, 62%), and most studies mentioned the theory, theoretical construct, or therapeutic technique used as a foundation (22/29, 76%). Most of the studies only provided information about the platform for execution (23/29, 79%), and few described the use of computational techniques, such as virtual reality or motion-based interaction (5/29, 17%). A small set of studies (10/29, 34%) explicitly mentioned how data security and privacy were addressed. Most of the reported evaluation protocols were pilot studies (11/29, 38%), followed by randomized controlled trials (10/29, 34%), and the reported results were positive in terms of acceptability, usability, and efficacy. However, more research is needed to assess long-term effects.ConclusionsGiven the increasing interest in the use of serious games as digital interventions to support the prevention or treatment of substance use, knowing their main features is highly important. This review highlights whether and how current serious games incorporate 7 key features that are useful to consider for the further development of the area.

Subjective sleep quality is the strongest predictor of mental and physical health independent of chronotype, sleep duration, APOE-ε4 carriership, age, sex, alcohol consumption, and retirement status in healthy older adults

Subjective sleep quality is the strongest predictor of mental and physical health independent of chronotype, sleep duration, APOE-ε4 carriership, age, sex, alcohol consumption, and retirement status in healthy older adults

Patterns of alcohol consumption in Brazilian adults

In this study, we aimed to describe the patterns of alcohol consumption in Brazilian adults by sociodemographic characteristics and states according to sex. Cross-sectional study including 87,555 adults from the 2019 Brazilian National Health Survey who responded to a questionnaire on alcohol consumption and were classified as non-drinkers (0 g/day), light (1–12.5 g/day), moderate (12.6–49.9 g/day), and heavy drinkers (≥ 50 g/day). Of the Brazilian adults, 73.5% were non-drinkers. Among the drinkers, 14.8% were light drinkers. 82.6% of heavy drinkers were men. White participants drank more than non-white participants, except black women who were 38% more likely to be moderate drinkers than white women (ROR 1.38, 95% CI 1.09 to 1.76). Unmarried were more likely to be drinkers. Women over 55 and men over 65 years old were less likely to be drinkers. Compared to participants with none or incomplete primary education, both men and women with higher educational attainment were more likely to be light and moderate drinkers. The largest consumption of alcohol was found in Sergipe and Mato Grosso for men, and Mato Grosso do Sul and Bahia for women. Our findings may be useful to inform policies for reducing alcohol consumption in Brazil.

Meta-Analysis: Relationship between Alcohol Consumption and Age on Obesity in Adults

Background: Obesity has become a serious public health problem in both developed and developing countries. Excessive alcohol consumption in adults is a global problem that needs further investigation. The adult age group has a high enough risk of being overweight and obese. The purpose of this study was to estimate the relationship between alcohol consumption and age on obesity.Subjects and Method: This research is a systematic study and meta-analysis. The articles used in this study were obtained from the Pubmed and Google Scholar databases. The articles used are articles that have been published from 2012-2022. The search for articles was carried out by considering the eligibility criteria determined using the PICO model. P= adults, I= alcohol consumption and middle age, C= no alcohol consumption and early adulthood, O= obesity. The keywords to search for articles were as follows: “Alcohol Consumption” OR “Alcohol Intake” AND “Age” AND “Obesity” OR “Body Mass Index” and “aOR”. The articles included in this study are full text articles with a cross-sectional research design. Articles were collected using the PRISMA flow chart. Articles were analyzed using the Review Manager 5.3 application.Results: There are 13 articles consisting of 2 studies from North America (Nicaragua, United States), 1 study from South America (Brazil), 1 study from Europe (Portugal), 7 studies from Africa (Ethiopia, Zimbabwe, Ghana), and 2 studies from Asia (Cambodia, Thailand) were included in this meta-analysis. 7 cross-sectional studies showed that alcohol consumption increased the risk of obesity in adults 2.05 times compared with those who did not consume alcohol (aOR= 2.05; 95% CI= 1.26 to 3.33; p= 0.004). A meta-analysis of 7 cross-sectional studies showed that middle age increased the risk of obesity 2.57 times compared with early adulthood (aOR= 2.57; 95% CI= 1.99 to 3.30; p = 0.001).Conclusion: Alcohol consumption and age are risk factors for obesity in adults. Keywords: alcohol consumption, age, obesity, adults Correspondence:Ayu Novita Wulandari. Applied Graduate School, Prosthetic Orthotic, School of Health Sciences, Ministry of Health Surakarta. Jl. Letjen Sutoyo Mojosongo Surakarta 57127, Central Java. Email: ayunovitawulandari98@gmail.com. Mobile :082281301325.

The Relationship between Alcohol Consumption and Cardiovascular Disease in Adults: Meta-Analysis

Background: Alcoholic drink is a type of drink that contains ingredients similar to alcohol, usually ethyl alcohol or ethanol. Cardiovascular disease or also known as heart disease, generally refers to conditions that involve narrowing or blocking of blood vessels. The cardiovascular effects of alcohol consumption seen in observational studies continue to be hotly debated in the thematic literature and popular media. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between alcohol consumption and cardiovascular disease in adultsSubjects and Method: This is a meta-analysis study using PRISMA flowchart guidelines and the articles were published in English from 2013 to 2022. The article search was conducted using the PICO model, Population: Adults, Intervention: Alcohol consumption. Comparison: No Consumption of alcoholic beverages. Articles obtained from the PubMed, Google Scholar and ScienceDirect databases. Based on the database, there were 9 articles that met the inclusion criteria. The analysis was carried out using Revman 5.3. software.Results: There were 9 articles from Asia, North America, and Europe, 2 articles from South Korea, 2 articles from China, 1 article from Japan, 1 article from the United States (USA), 1 article from England, 1 article from Spain and 1 article from Eastern Europe. Based on the results of the forest plot using a cohort study, it showed that someone who consumes alcohol has a high risk of cardiovascular disease by 2.83 times compared to someone who does not consume alcohol which is associated with cardiovascular disease (aHR = 2.83; CI 95% = 2.67 to 3.00; p &lt;0.001).Conclusion: Adults who consume alcohol are at risk for cardiovascular disease. Keywords: cardiovascular, alcoholic drink, heart disease Correspondence:Moh Maulana. Medical Record Study Program, Jember Polytechnic. Jl. Mastrip, East Krajan, Sumbersari 68121, East Java. Email: maulana.rosy21@gmail.com. Mobile: +62 851-5667-1759.

Specific depressive symptoms are related with different patterns of alcohol use in community-dwelling older adults

ObjectivesTo explore how individual depressive symptoms might contribute to different patterns of alcohol consumption in Colombian older adults living in the community. MethodsA Secondary analysis from a nationally representative cross-sectional study of more than 23,000 older adults, with data from 19,004 participants. Drinking frequency, and level (moderate or heavy drinking) were used to assess alcohol use and depressive symptoms explored with the 15 items-GDS., using bivariate and multivariate adjusted regression models. ResultsLower weekly drinking frequency and a higher number of drinks per serving were associated with total GDS score. For individual symptoms, higher drinking frequency was associated with dropping activities and a preference to stay at home. Lower drinking frequency was associated with low mood, unhappiness, feelings of emptiness, worthlessness, hopelessness, and a lack of vigour. Lower number of drinks per serving was associated with withdrawal/apathy related symptoms; these also related to higher frequency of weekly alcohol consumption.Higher number of drinks per serving was associated with feelings of emptiness, worthlessness, boredom, helplessness, worthlessness. not wanting to be alive, thinking that other people are better off in their mood, being afraid that something bad will happen and subjective memory problems. Moderate drinkers had a higher likelihood of reporting lack of vigour. ConclusionThere were diverse patterns of alcohol use according to individual depressive symptoms. This has implications for interventions to reduce alcohol related harm in older people across a range of depressive symptoms with different patterns of alcohol use.

Consumption of alcoholic beverages and abdominal obesity: cross-sectional analysis of ELSA-Brasil.

The objective was to analyze the association between alcohol consumption and abdominal adiposity in adults. Cross-sectional study conducted at baseline data from ELSA-Brasil (2008- 2010). The sample consisted of 15,065 civil servants from six education and research institutions (35 to 74 years old, both sexes). To identify central adiposity by measuring waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), the cutoff points recommended by the World Health Organization were used. Poisson regression models adjusted for potentially confounding variables were tested. About 40% of the sample had elevated WC and WHR. The probability of having elevated WC was 5% and 3% higher in the most exposed group of beer consumption in men and women when compared to the reference group [PR= 1.05 (95% CI 1.02-1.08) and P R= 1.03 (95% CI 1.00-1.07)]. A higher probability of having a high WHR was also found among the highest beer consumers [PR = 1.03 (95% CI 1.00-1.07) in men and PR = 1.10 (95% CI 1.04-1.15) in women]. A greater number of doses/week of alcoholic drink increased the probability of occurrence of high WC and WHR, with the beer contribution being more important.

The Relationships between Physical Activity, Sleep Duration, Alcohol Consumption, and Hypertension in Adults: Meta-Analysis

Background: Hypertension is a disease that causes damage to body systems. Risk factors for hypertension are changes in socioeconomic, environmental, and unhealthy lifestyle such as smoking, lack of physical activity, high-fat and high-calorie foods, and alcohol consumption. This study aims to analyze the relationship between physical activity, sleep duration, and alcohol consumption on the incidence of hypertension in adults with a meta-analysis study. Subjects and Method: This study is a systematic review and meta-analysis with the population: adults (&gt;18 years old). Intervention: low physical activity, short sleep duration and frequent alcohol consumption. Comparison: moderate physical activity, normal sleep duration, and no alcohol consumption. Outcome: the incidence of hypertension. The articles used were obtained from several databases: PubMed, SpringerLink, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. The keywords are: “physical activity” OR exercise” AND “sleep duration” AND “alcohol consumption” AND "hypertension" OR “high blood pressure”. The article used was a full-text article with a cross-sectional study design and the results were reported in aOR. Articles were analyzed using the Review Manager 5.3 application. Results: A total of 27 articles in this study came from 4 continents, namely Asia (South Korea, China, Lebanon, Thailand), Africa (Cameroon, Uganda, Ethiopia, Sudan), Europe (Poland, France, Portugal, Spain) and America (United States of America). The forest plot results showed that adults with low physical activity had 1.41 times higher risk to experience hypertension compared to people who did moderate physical activity (aOR = 1.41; 95% CI = 1.22 to 1.62; p &lt; 0.001). Short sleep duration increased the incidence of hypertension by 1.19 times higher compared to normal sleep duration (aOR = 1.19; 95% CI = 1.06 to 1.32; p = 0.002). Frequent alcohol consumption increased the incidence of hypertension by 1.29 times higher compared to no alcohol consumption (aOR=1.29; 95% CI = 1.12 to 1.49; p=0.0006). Conclusion: Physical activity, sleep duration, and alcohol consumption increase the incidence of hypertension in the adult population. Keywords: Physical activity, sleep duration, alcohol consumption, hypertension, meta-analysis Correspondence: Niken Putri Eka Saraspuri. Vocational School, Universitas Gadjah Mada. Email: nikenputri54-@gmail.com. Mobile: 081327372766.