Alcohol Consumption Behavior Research Articles

A Biopsychosocial Approach to Examining Alcohol Consumption among Youth during the COVID-19 Pandemic

This study investigated the relationship between biopsychosocial characteristics (age, sex, self-rated health, mental health, parental socio-economic status, family support, teacher support, peer support) and alcohol consumption (weekly alcohol consumption in the past three months, drunkenness in the past three months, and binge drinking in the past month) in adolescents during a crisis event. The study consisted of 1019 Israeli students aged 11–18. Questionnaires were distributed to the students between May and July 2021 during school. Teacher support among those who presented weekly alcohol consumption and drunkenness in the past three months was lower than in those who did not present such behavior. The effects of parental support differed only for drunkenness behavior, with those who engaged in drunken behavior presenting significantly less parental support. Our findings suggest that teacher support and mental health are the two major factors in preventing risky alcohol consumption behavior during a crisis, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, among adolescents.

242P Epidemiology and survival analysis of head and neck cancer: Results from a comprehensive care center in North India

In India head and neck cancers (HNCs) are the most common cancer among male and rank 2nd overall. There is wide variation in the incidence and anatomic distribution of HNCs in India compared to western countries. This variation is mostly due to demographic differences in cigarette and alcohol consumption behaviours, which lead to the development of over 80% of all HNCs diagnosed worldwide. The purpose of this study was to understand the epidemiology of HNCs in terms of demographic and clinical characteristics at the time of diagnosis and their survival.

Examining Emailed Feedback as Boosters After a College Drinking Intervention Among Fraternities and Sororities: Rationale and Protocol for a Remote Controlled Trial (Project Greek).

College students involved in Greek life (ie, members of fraternities and sororities) tend to engage in more high-risk alcohol use and experience more negative consequences than those not involved in Greek life. Web-based alcohol interventions, such as Alcohol eCHECKUP TO GO, have been successful in reducing alcohol use and consequences among the general college student population, but interventions targeting alcohol reduction among those involved in Greek life have had limited success. Booster emails including personalized feedback regarding descriptive norms and protective behavioral strategies have shown potential in increasing the effectiveness of web-based interventions among college drinkers. Studies are needed to determine the efficacy of these boosters among those involved in Greek life. The primary objective of this study is to assess the efficacy of booster emails sent to Greek life students who complete Alcohol eCHECKUP TO GO. Specifically, we expect that participants who receive the booster emails will reduce their alcohol consumption and related problems (primary aim 1), reduce perceived peer drinking, and increase the number of protective behavioral strategies they use over time (primary aim 2) relative to those who do not receive boosters. Contingent upon finding the emailed booster efficacious and sufficient enrollment of members from each organization, an exploratory aim is to examine social mechanisms of change (ie, through selection vs socialization). This study is a remote, controlled intervention trial following participants for up to 6 months. Participants must be aged at least 18 years, undergraduate students, and members of a participating fraternity or sorority. Eligible participants complete a web-based baseline survey to assess their alcohol consumption behaviors and beliefs, including norms and protective behavioral strategies, and information about their social networks. After completing the baseline survey, they participate in the web-based intervention. Follow-up surveys are sent 1, 3, and 6 months after the intervention. Those in the booster condition also receive emails containing personalized feedback at 2 weeks and 14 weeks after the intervention. Latent growth models and R-Simulation Investigation for Empirical Network Analysis will be used to analyze the data. As of September 2022, we have enrolled 18 participants from 2 fraternities and 2 sororities, and they have completed the baseline survey. Overall, 72% (13/18) of participants have completed the 1-month follow-up. Enrollment will continue through December 2022. This study aims to examine the effectiveness of personalized feedback booster emails sent after an alcohol intervention among members of college Greek life. A secondary, exploratory aim is to provide information about social mechanisms of change (if possible). The current methodology targets whole network recruitment, with chapter presidents serving as gatekeepers and facilitators. Unique challenges of recruiting whole networks and working with campus administrators are discussed. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05107284; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05107284. DERR1-10.2196/42535.

Neural underpinnings of expecting alcohol: Placebo alcohol administration alters nucleus accumbens resting state functional connectivity

BackgroundUsing balanced placebo designs, seminal alcohol administration research has shown individuals’ beliefs about whether they have consumed alcohol, irrespective of the actual presence of alcohol, can determine level of alcohol consumption and impact social behavior. Despite the known effect of expecting alcohol on drinking behavior, few studies have used the placebo manipulation to directly investigate the neural underpinnings of the expectancy-related effects that occur following perceived alcohol consumption in humans. The present paper examined placebo responses in the laboratory to better understand the neural basis for the psychological phenomenon of expectancies. MethodsAs part of a larger within-subjects study design, healthy young adults (N = 22, agemean+SD=23 +1) completed resting state fMRI scans and measures of subjective response before and after consuming placebo beverages. Effect of placebo beverage consumption (pre- versus post-beverage consumption) on functional connectivity within prefrontal cortical networks was examined using the CONN Toolbox. Relations between perceived subjective response to alcohol with functional connectivity response following placebo beverage consumption were examined. ResultsCompared to pre-beverage scan, placebo beverage consumption was associated with increased positive functional connectivity between right nucleus accumbens – ventromedial prefrontal cortex and subcallosal cingulate cortex (pFDR<0.05). Subjective ratings of intoxication (i.e., feeling ‘drunk’) positively correlated with placebo beverage-related increases in nucleus accumbens – subcallosal cingulate cortex functional connectivity. ConclusionResults suggest placebo response to alcohol is associated with increased functional connectivity within a key reward network (nucleus accumbens – ventromedial prefrontal cortex and subcallosal cingulate cortex) and put forth a mechanism by which alcohol expectancies may contribute to the subjective experience of intoxication.

Harmful Use of Alcohol as Predictor of Presex Drinking in Mexican Young College Women.

The aim of this study was to identify whether the harmful use of alcohol is associated with an increased probability of presex drinking in Mexican young women. This was a study with a predictive design. Multiple logistic regressions were performed in a random sample of 304 young college women (between the ages of 18 and 24 years) from Guanajuato and Tamaulipas, Mexico. Participants completed a sociodemographic data survey and the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test questionnaire. Women with a pattern of harmful use of alcohol were more likely to report drinking before sex (adjusted odds ratio = 4.679, 95% confidence interval [1.619, 13.520], McFadden's pseudo R2 = 25.5%). Further analyses revealed that presex drinking by partners was an even stronger predictor of alcohol use before sexual intercourse in women (adjusted odds ratio = 12.749, 95% confidence interval [4.714, 34.483], McFadden's pseudo R2 = 34.7%). The findings demand additional nursing studies to corroborate-and to better understand-the relationship between harmful use of alcohol in Mexican women, their partners' drinking behavior, and unhealthy behaviors like drinking before sexual intercourse.

A Qualitative Study on Millennials Consumption Behavior of Alcohol Beverages in Jakarta, Indonesia

Without a doubt, millennials play an important role in the industry as the power horse of future consumers. Although they are financially struggled compared to other generations, they are known to be a highest spender compared to other generations, and their buying preference has the power to make or break industries. This research aims to explore the alcohol consumption of Indonesian millenials ages 21-24-year-old in Jakarta region, Indonesia. The study also investigates factors that determine the consumption behavior. A qualitative method using 24 in-depth interviews was applied to address the research questions. The research findings indicate that the millennial’s alcohol consumption behavior is not only determined by functional and social factors, but also emotional factor, and that they tended to consume alcohol drink both spontaneously and purposively.

“Black out or back out”: Understanding the alcohol habits, behaviors, and motivations of generation Z students

Objective: This qualitative phenomenological study explored alcohol habits, behaviors, and motivations of Gen Z students (born 1996-2010). Participants: Thirteen participants met selection criteria: aged 18-24 years (thus, part of Gen Z), enrolled as at either the University or community college, and able to share experiences. Maximum variation was sought for race/ethnicity, Greek life/sorority involvement and hometown regional area. Methods: Semi-structured interviews elicited detailed descriptions of lived experiences. Saldana’s First Cycle/Second Cycle constant comparative method was used for data analysis. Results: Five themes were identified: Motivations to Drink, Know My Limits, Exceeding Limits Leads to Risky Behaviors, Hangover Anxiety (“Hangxiety”), and Greek Life Influence. Additionally, the subtheme Internal Thoughts and Rationalizations was identified. Conclusion: Unique characteristics and unprecedented times contribute to alcohol consumption behaviors of Gen Z students. These findings hold an awareness to assist in the provision of education, support, and needed resources.

Analyzing spatial variations of heart disease and type-2 diabetes: A multi-scale geographically weighted regression approach

Heart disease is the leading cause of death in the United States. A person who has type-2 diabetes is twice as likely to have heart disease than someone who doesn’t have diabetes. Therefore, analyzing factors associated with both diseases and their interrelationships is essential for cardiovascular disease control and public health. In this article, we propose a Multi-scale Geographically Weighted Regression (MGWR) approach to observe spatial variations of environmental and demographic risk factors such as alcohol consumption behavior, lack of physical activity, obesity rate, urbanization rate, and income from 2005 to 2015 in the United States. The MGWR model has applied to eight census divisions of the United States at the county level: New England, Middle Atlantic, East North Central, West North Central, South Atlantic, East South Central, West South Central, and Mountain. Results illustrate that there are notable differences in the spatial variation of the risk factors behind these two diseases. In particular, obesity has been a leading factor that associate with diabetes in the east, south-central, and south Atlantic regions of the U.S. On the other hand, smoking and alcohol consumption was the primary concern in the northern part of the U.S., in 2005. In 2015, alcohol consumption levels decreased, but the smoking level remained the same in those regions, which showed a significant impact on diabetes in the neighboring regions. Between 2005 and 2015, lack of physical exercise has become a significant risk factor associated with diabetes in the Northeast and West parts of the U.S. The proposed MGWR produced high goodness to fit (R2) for most of the areas in the United States.

An analysis of the very high level of maternal distress experienced by South Korean women with young children.

This study was conducted as a part of a larger study to identify the needs of a maternal and early childhood home visit program that the South Korean central government has begun to expand nationwide. This survey measured the distress of mothers with children aged 2 years or younger during the transition into motherhood using the Being a Mother scale (BaM-13) and compared the stress levels for each question with those of existing studies in other countries. The survey results revealed that the mean BaM-13 score of the 350 participants was 17.09 (SD = 6.81), with 87.7% showing very high levels of maternal distress, indicated by a score of 9 or above in BaM-13. The item from the BaM-13 with the highest response rate of 2 or 3 points (sum of the percentage of those who answered 2 and 3 points) was “I have missed the life I had before I became pregnant with this baby/toddler,” to which 80.8% of the respondents agreed. The percentage of South Korean mothers who answered 2 or 3 points was higher for every item on the BaM-13 than that of Australian mothers. A comparison of the total BaM-13 score and 3 factors (child experience, adult’s experience, and emotional closeness) of the BaM-13 according to the participants’ characteristics revealed that discrepancies in women’s sociodemographic factors (including smoking and alcohol consumption behaviors) were not significant, whereas differences in the total BaM-13 score and the 3 factors of the BaM-13 according to the mothers’ scores on the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale were noticeable. The high level of maternal distress observed in this study should be reflected in the nurse-led maternal and early childhood home visit program that the South Korean central government is expanding across the country.

Incidence and risk factors of metabolic syndrome among Royal Thai Army personnel

Metabolic Syndrome is a clustering of obesity, hyperglycemia/insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. We aimed to determine the incidence of metabolic syndrome among Royal Thai Army (RTA) personnel and its risk factors. We conducted a retrospective cohort study using data from 2017 to 2021. Metabolic syndrome was defined by NCEP ATP III (2005 Revision). A total of 98,264 participants were enrolled in the present study. The overall incidence rate of metabolic syndrome was 3.7 per 100 person-year (95% CI 3.7–3.8). The statistically significant risk factors for metabolic syndrome included male sex (aHR 1.40; 95% CI 1.29–1.51), age > 35 years, current alcohol consumption, and no exercise. When stratified by sex, the incidence rate of metabolic syndrome among participants aged ≥ 45 years was higher than those aged < 35 years with aHR 6.34; 95% CI 6.01–6.70 for males and aHR 9.59; 95% CI 7.55–12.19 for females. Our data demonstrated that metabolic syndrome is a common health issue, especially among RTA personnel over 35 years. Alcohol consumption and sedentary behavior played an essential role in facilitating metabolic syndrome in this study population and are potential targets for intervention to enhance primary prevention of the sequelae of metabolic syndrome.

Which drinkers have changed their alcohol consumption due to energy content concerns? An Australian survey

BackgroundAlcohol is a discretionary, energy dense, dietary component. Compared to non-drinkers, people who consume alcohol report higher total energy intake and may be at increased risk of weight gain, overweight, and obesity, which are key preventable risk factors for illness. However, accurate consumer knowledge of the energy content in alcohol is low. To inform future behaviour change interventions among drinkers, this study investigated individual characteristics associated with changing alcohol consumption due to energy-related concerns.MethodsAn online survey was undertaken with 801 Australian adult drinkers (18–59 years, 50.2% female), i.e. who consumed alcohol at least monthly. In addition to demographic and health-related characteristics, participants reported past-year alcohol consumption, past-year reductions in alcohol consumption, frequency of harm minimisation strategy use (when consuming alcohol), and frequency of changing alcohol consumption behaviours because of energy-related concerns.ResultsWhen prompted, 62.5% of participants reported changing alcohol consumption for energy-related reasons at least ‘sometimes’. Women, those aged 30–44 years, metropolitan residents, those with household income $80,001–120,000, and risky/more frequent drinkers had increased odds of changing consumption because of energy-related concerns, and unemployed respondents had reduced odds.ConclusionsResults indicate that some sociodemographic groups are changing alcohol consumption for energy-related reasons, but others are not, representing an underutilised opportunity for health promotion communication. Further research should investigate whether messaging to increase awareness of alcohol energy content, including through systems-based policy actions such as nutritional/energy product labelling, would motivate reduced consumption across a broader range of drinkers.

Factors associated with changing alcohol consumption during the first UK lockdown.

BackgroundIn response to COVID-19 there have been lockdowns and restrictions to hospitality services. Drinking behaviours often change in response to traumatic events and changes in the drinking environment, and this is influenced by a range of factors. This study explores self-reported changes in alcohol consumption in the third month of the UK lockdown, associations with socio-demographics factors and with COVID-19-related concerns, and mental health and wellbeing.MethodsThe COVID-19 Psychological Wellbeing Study was a longitudinal, online, three-wave survey of 1958 UK adults. Data were collected during the first UK lockdown; wave 1 launched 23 March 2020, wave 2 was 1 month after and wave 3 2 months after completion of wave 1A hierarchical multinomial regression model was estimated to investigate factors associated with changes in perceived alcohol consumption in the third month of the lockdown.ResultsThe majority of participants reported changes in drinking (62%) with over one-third indicating increased consumption. Student status and worries about the financial implications of COVID-19 were associated with lower odds of decreased alcohol consumption. Those with above average income and those with children in the household had lower odds of increased alcohol consumption, while younger adults had higher odds of increased alcohol consumption.ConclusionsThis study adds to the growing body of research showing changes in alcohol consumption behaviours during the COVID-19 lockdown restrictions, and identifies risk and protective factors which can aid in targeting intervention at those most in need of support.

Alcohol Consumption and Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Mendelian Randomization Study from Rural China.

Alcohol consumption has been associated with the risk of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in observational studies. The result is inconsistent and whether the association is causal remains unknown. To examine the causal effect of alcohol consumption on MCI in rural China, this study used a cross-sectional dataset that included 1966 observations collected in rural China, of which 235 observations’ genotyping were collected. All participants accepted the MCI evaluation using Mini-Cog and were asked about the participants’ alcohol consumption behavior. The causal effect of alcohol consumption on MCI was investigated by Mendelian randomization (MR) of genetic variation in the aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2 rs671) gene. The risk of MCI in Chinese rural areas was 43%. Alcohol consumption was causally associated with a higher risk of MCI under MR design. Parameter estimates of drinking or not (b = 0.271, p = 0.007, 95% CI = 0.073 to 0.469), drinking frequency during the past 30 days (b = 0.016, p = 0.003, 95% CI = 0.005 to 0.027), and the weekly ethanol consumption (b = 0.132, p = 0.004, 95% CI = 0.042 to 0.223) were all positive and statistically significant at the 5% level. In conclusion, there was a high risk of MCI in rural China, and alcohol consumption was causally associated with a higher risk of MCI.

Access to Alcohol Outlets From Home and Work in Sweden: Longitudinal Associations With Problem Drinking.

The association of proximity of alcohol outlets to the workplace with problem drinking has not been previously studied. We examined longitudinal associations of living and working in proximity to alcohol outlets with problem drinking. The data consisted of 13,306 employed respondents to the Swedish Longitudinal Occupational Survey of Health between 2012 and 2018. Road distances from the respondents' home and workplace to the nearest liquor outlet, beer outlet, and bar were calculated by Statistics Sweden. We used distance variables both as categorized, to indicate changes in distance, and as continuous variables. Self-reported problem drinking was assessed using modified Cut-Annoyed-Guilty-Eye (CAGE) questions. Binomial logistic regression with generalized estimating equation was used to examine the associations. A decrease (vs. remained unchanged) in the distance from home to a liquor outlet was associated with a higher likelihood of problem drinking (odds ratio = 1.21, 95% confidence interval [1.02, 1.45]). A protective association for problem drinking was observed when the distance from home to a beer outlet increased (vs. remained unchanged) (0.65 [0.44, 0.95]). A decrease (vs. remained unchanged) in the distance from work to a bar was also associated with a higher likelihood of problem drinking (1.37 [1.00, 1.88]). The likelihood of problem drinking was increased also per 1-km decrease in distance from home to liquor outlets (1.01 [1.00, 1.02]), risk estimates being higher for women than for men. Alcohol outlet proximity to the workplace could be an additional determinant of harmful alcohol consumption behavior. Reducing the number of on- and off-premise alcohol outlets could reduce the level of harmful alcohol consumption.

Prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia among Royal Thai Army personnel and its related cardiometabolic risk factors, from 2017 to 2021

BackgroundHypertriglyceridemia is a common health problem independently associated with an increased risk of atherosclerosis cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD), including ischemic heart disease and stroke. This study aims to determine the prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia among Royal Thai Army (RTA) personnel and its behavioral and cardiometabolic risk factors using the RTA personnel database of the physical health examination from 2017 to 2021.MethodsA serial cross-sectional study was conducted from 2017 to 2021. A total of 257,683 active-duty RTA personnel aged 35–60 years were included in the study. We defined hypertriglyceridemia as fasting triglyceride ≥150 mg/dL. Moreover, we performed a multivariable logistic regression analysis to investigate behavioral and cardiometabolic risk factors for the prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia. The magnitude of the association was presented as an adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI).ResultsThe hypertriglyceridemia prevalence among RTA personnel was 43.4% (95% CI: 42.9–43.8%) in 2017. It then continuously decreased to 40.3% (95% CI: 39.9–40.7%) in 2020 and slightly rose to 41.0% (95% CI: 40.6–41.4%) in 2021 (p for trend < 0.001). The prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia was higher for males than females (AOR 2.15; 95% CI: 2.07–2.23); RTA personnel aged 40–44 years compared with those aged 35–39 years (AOR 1.05; 95% CI: 1.02–1.08); and RTA personnel residing in the northeast (AOR; 1.15 95% CI: 1.11–1.18) and the north (AOR 1.05; 95% CI: 1.02–1.08) compared with those residing in Bangkok. The independent behavioral factors associated with hypertriglyceridemia included alcohol consumption, smoking, and sedentary behavior. Moreover, cardiometabolic risk factors, including higher body mass index, high fasting plasma glucose (≥ 100 mg/dL), high blood pressure (≥ 140/90 mmHg), and hypercholesterolemia (≥ 200 mg/dL), were significantly related to hypertriglyceridemia.ConclusionOur data demonstrated that hypertriglyceridemia is a frequent health issue, especially among males, participants aged 40–44 years, and RTA personnel residing in the northeast and the north. The prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia in this population was greatly influenced by alcohol consumption, cigarette smoking, and sedentary behavior. Both behavioral and cardiometabolic risk factors are potential targets for intervention to enhance the primary prevention of sequelae of hypertriglyceridemia, including ASCVD.

Ethyl glucuronide in hair: A 5-years retrospective cohort study among drivers under the influence of psychoactive substances and alcohol

The main aim of the study was to investigate ethyl glucuronide (EtG) hair levels and alcohol consumption behaviour of a large cohort of driving under the influence (DUI) subjects between 2015–2019. Since alcohol is the most widespread psychoactive substance in the world, evaluation of alcohol drinking behaviours can help in preventing alcohol misuse or, at least, limit high-risk situation, such as driving under the influence of ethanol. Ethyl glucuronide in hair is a sensitive and specific biomarker for estimating previous continuative alcohol consumption within a relatively long period, depending on hair length. EtG in hair tests, measured in the period 2015–2019, to all the 18 years old subjects that were resident in the Province of Pavia, were collected and evaluated. The province of Pavia has been divided into three districts, namely the main city together with hinterland (district I), the agricultural flat area (district II) and the rural hilly area (district III). EtG level was defined as ordinal variable, thus dividing data into three groups depending on the drinking behaviour (teetotallers or occasional drinkers, moderate continuative users, and chronic excessive alcohol users). Effects of age, gender and district on alcohol consumption behaviour are investigated with an ordinal logit model. A state sequence analysis was used to study people's alcohol consumption behaviour over time. In total, 22.2% of the drivers provided EtG in hair values. Among positive cases, a prevalence of males (96.3%), aged 35–44 (32.6%), coming from district I (38.2%) was observed. All age classes have a reduced drinking risk if compared to the ≥ 55 years old class: subjects aged 18–24 have 70% (OR≈0.29, P < 0.001) lower risk, 63% (OR≈0.37, P < 0.001) lower risk for the 25–34, half (OR≈0.51, P < 0.001) for the 35–44 and 36% (OR≈0.64, P < 0.001) for the 45–54. A general decreasing trend in EtG values over time was observed for the subjects who have undergone at least 4 repeated EtG measurements ( n = 460). Our study indicates that, compared to 2015, in the last few years the portion of heavy drinkers, among subjects tested for hEtG due to DUI issues, has decreased. When drinking habits were related to age, we observed that overall high-risk increased with increasing age. The characteristics of the territory are also associated with different drinking patterns: in the district mainly devoted to the cultivation of vineyards (district III) there is a 31% higher risk of being a drinker compared to people living in district I. The data obtained from this retrospective observational study suggested that the inclusion of EtG in hair test in the protocol for driving license renewal (DLR) could have contributed to raise awareness among people about the new diagnostic tools available for monitoring alcohol chronic behaviors, thus partially limiting ethanol consumption habits associated with high-risk issues. EtG in hair test in the drive license reissuing protocol appeared to contribute in decreasing alcohol misuse behaviors. Moreover, this study highlighted some potential risk factors related to alcohol drinking habits among drivers such as being male sex, age ≥ 55 years, and coming from rural areas.

Alcohol Consumption During the First Year of the COVID-19 Pandemic in the United States: Results From a Nationally Representative Longitudinal Survey.

Alcohol consumption and risky drinking behavior increased in the early phases of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States, but it is not known if and for whom those changes were sustained over the longer term. This study analyzes longitudinal data on drinking patterns during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States. A nationally representative longitudinal survey was used to assess alcohol consumption patterns among respondents 21 years and older who reported drinking between February and November 2020 (N = 557) overall and by subgroups. Compared with February, drinks per month in April and November 2020 significantly ( P ≤ 0.01) increased by 36% and 38%, respectively. The proportion exceeding drinking guidelines significantly increased by 27% and 39%, and increases for binge drinking were 26% and 30% (both P = 0.01). February to November increases in proportion exceeding drinking guidelines were significantly larger for women (54% increase) than for men (32%), and for Black (508%) than for White respondents (16%). Drinks per month significantly increased more for respondents with children in the household (64%) than for those without children (20%). There also was a significantly larger increase in drinks per month for those who reported drinking to cope (57% increase) and those who reported drinking for enhancement (40%) than for those who did not. Self-reported alcohol consumption and risky drinking patterns increased during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. Monitoring alcohol consumption changes, with a focus on marginalized groups, is warranted to plan behavioral health services and inform prevention for future pandemics.

Association between simultaneity of health-risk behaviours and self-rated health in Brazilian adolescents

IntroductionThis study examined the association between simultaneity of four health-risk behaviours, namely, low levels of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (insufficient MVPA: <420 min/week), tobacco use, alcohol consumption, and excessive television (TV)–(>2 h/d of TV viewing) and self-rated health (SRH) in Brazilian adolescents.MethodsWe used data of 100,551 adolescents from the National School Health Survey, a national cross-sectional study carried out in 2015. Association between simultaneity of health risk behaviours (i.e. the ratio between observed and expected prevalence rates) and SRH was examined using logistic regression models.ResultsThe majority of the participants were female (51.9%) and 14 years of age (50.6%), and 26% of the participants’ SRH ranged from ’average’ to ’extremely poor’. Those who engaged in the following combinations of health-risk behaviours had higher odds of worse SRH than their healthier counterparts: insufficient MVPA and tobacco use (odds ratio—OR: 2.0, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.4 to 3.0); insufficient MVPA and alcohol consumption (OR: 1.6, 95%CI: 1.3 to 1.9); insufficient MVPA and >2 h/day of TV viewing (OR: 1.3, 95%CI: 1.1 to 1.6); insufficient MVPA, tobacco use and alcohol consumption (OR: 2.1, 95%CI: 1.7, to 2.7); and insufficient MVPA, alcohol consumption and >2 h/day of TV viewing (OR: 1.6, 95%CI: 1.4 to 2.0).ConclusionsInsufficient MVPA, alcohol consumption, and other health-risk behaviours were associated with worse SRH in Brazilian adolescents.

Health Risk Behaviors Affecting Internet Usage in Adolescents: Evidence from the 2018 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-Based Survey.

Background:The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to assess the effects of health risk behaviors on the daily Internet usage of Korean high school students.Methods:The data of 19,830 high school students who responded to the Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey were analyzed from June to July 2018.Results:The mean daily Internet usage of high school students was 193.3±125.7 minutes. There were differences in daily Internet usage according to body mass index, grade level, school type, academic achievement, economic status, physical activity, number of physical education classes attended, safety accidents, and safety education (p<.05). Daily Internet usage also differed according to health risk behaviors, including smoking (t=8.32), alcohol consumption (t=9.36), drug use (t=4.51), and risky sexual behaviors (t=5.94). The daily Internet usage of students significantly increased in the absence of physical activity and with health risk behaviors such as smoking, alcohol consumption, drug use, and risky sexual behaviors.Conclusion:It is necessary to develop an intervention program and provide education on increasing physical activity and reducing health risk behaviors for the proper management of health and Internet usage in adolescents.

Lingkungan Sosial dan Perilaku Konsumsi Moke Pada Remaja di Kelurahan Madawat

This study aims to determine the effect of the social environment on alcohol consumption behavior (moke) in adolescent boys in the Madawat Village. This study uses quantitative methods with questionnaire data collection techniques (questionnaires) and documentation where the questionnaires are distributed to male adolescent respondents aged 11-22 years and documented in the form of photos in the field. From the results of the study, it is known that the social environment has a significant influence on the consumption behavior of moke in adolescents, especially boys. These results state that the social environment is one of the factors that can influence a person and even a group to be able to take an action as well as changes from each individual. Where the constant value for the regression equation is 12,366 with positive parameters. This regression coefficient can be explained that if there is an increase in the Social Environment variable (X) by one unit, it will result in an increase in the Alcohol Consumption Behavior (Moke) variable (Y) by 654 units. From the results of research using the t-test obtained 6.743 &gt; 1.994, so Ho is rejected, meaning that the Social Environment (X) has a significant effect on Moke Consumption Behavior (Y)