Alarm Clock Research Articles

Heterostructures of MoO3 nanobelts assembled on delaminated V4C3Tx MXene nanosheets for supercapacitors with excellent room/high temperature performance

A novel flexible delaminated vanadium carbide MXene (d-V4C3Tx) and molybdenum trioxide (MoO3) are promising electrode materials. However, the re-stacking of the d-V4C3Tx nanosheets and the poor conductivity and cyclic stability of MoO3 seriously restrict their development for supercapacitors application. Constructing heterostructures to obtain a synergistic property enhancement is an effective strategy to solve it. Herein, the free-standing d-V4C3Tx/MoO3 heterostructure composite films are fabricated by combining hydrothermal, electrostatic assembly with vacuum-assisted filtration methods, and the energy storage mechanism is dominated by diffusion-controlled process. Results indicate that the as-prepared composite film electrode has high specific capacity of 645 0 C g−1 at current density of 1 A g−1. Even at 40 °C, it also has 639.2 C g−1 at a scan rate of 2 mV s−1. This impressive electrochemical performance can be attributed to the enhanced conductivity and high pseudocapacitance offered by the heterostructures. The as-fabricated asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC), in which the d-V4C3Tx/MoO3 composite film is used as negative electrode and the active carbon (AC) is used as positive electrode, exhibits maximum energy density of 22.2 Wh kg−1 and maximum power density of 5289.9 W kg−1, and the capacity retention rate can still up to 97.0% even after 10,000 cycles at a current density of 10 A g−1. Furthermore, the assembled ASC device successfully drives the small alarm clock and lights the light emitting diode (LED), which facilitates the development of applications for such high-performance supercapacitors.

Seasonality of human sleep: Polysomnographic data of a neuropsychiatric sleep clinic.

While short-term effects of artificial light on human sleep are increasingly being studied, reports on long-term effects induced by season are scarce. Assessments of subjective sleep length over the year suggest a substantially longer sleep period during winter. Our retrospective study aimed to investigate seasonal variation in objective sleep measures in a cohort of patients living in an urban environment. In 2019, three-night polysomnography was performed on 292 patients with neuropsychiatric sleep disturbances. Measures of the diagnostic second nights were averaged per month and analyzed over the year. Patients were advised to sleep "as usual" including timing, except alarm clocks were not allowed. Exclusion criteria: administration of psychotropic agents known to influence sleep (N = 96), REM-sleep latency > 120 min (N = 5), technical failure (N = 3). Included were 188 patients: [46.6 ± 15.9 years (mean ± SD); range 17-81 years; 52% female]; most common sleep-related diagnoses: insomnia (N = 108), depression (N = 59) and sleep-related breathing disorders (N = 52). Analyses showed: 1. total sleep time (TST) longer during winter than summer (up to 60 min; not significant); 2. REM-sleep latency shorter during autumn than spring (about 25 min, p = 0.010); 3. REM-sleep longer during winter than spring (about 30 min, p = 0.009, 5% of TST, p = 0.011); 4. slow-wave-sleep stable winter to summer (about 60-70 min) with 30-50 min shorter during autumn (only significant as % of TST, 10% decrease, p = 0.017). Data suggest seasonal variation in sleep architecture even when living in an urban environment in patients with disturbed sleep. If replicated in a healthy population, this would provide first evidence for a need to adjust sleep habits to season.

Method for identifying and eliminating ventilator false alarms of ventilator based on clinical data analysis

Ventilator is a kind of critical medical equipment with the highest clinical risk, and it plays an essential role in intensive care and maintaining patient lives. Identifying and eliminating ventilator false alarms is one of the most critical issues in the clinical treatment process. A considerable number of false-positive alarms may happen because of inaccurate parameter alarm threshold setting and inappropriate alarm rule application. This study proposes a method for identifying and reducing the false alarms of the ventilator based on clinical data analysis. It firstly establishes a real-time monitoring system for the ventilator. A wireless network module can be used to transmit data, including parameter data and alarm data, to the server. Then, the data changing range for one parameter can be calculated and determined. The change range of one parameter can be divided into 10 sub-ranges. The frequency of each parameter monitoring value presented in each sub-range can be calculated. The parameter alarm thresholds can be set according to the frequencies and the value distribution in different sub-ranges. The alarm times for one or more parameters in a specified period can be acquired. The clinical data can be utilized to verify the alarm thresholds. The method has been applied to identify and eliminate false alarms for ventilators in a hospital. The application effect shows that this method can help set the parameter alarm thresholds and identify and eliminate most false alarms.

Hypnic Headache - What do we know in 2022?

Hypnic Headache, also known as "alarm clock headache", is a rare primary headache disorder. It is characterized by frequently recurring headache attacks, which only develop during sleep, especially nighttime sleep. This article gives a narrative review on the current knowledge about Hypnic Headache with a focus on secondary Hypnic Headache. Based on literature research, using Pubmed and Google Scholar, latest case reports, studies, and systematic reviews about Hypnic Headache were analyzed and summarized focusing on therapeutic options and causes of secondary Hypnic Headache. Hypnic Headache mainly occurs in elderly patients. However, younger patients and children may also suffer from Hypnic Headache. Many different causes of secondary Hypnic Headache are described in the literature and ought to be ruled out before diagnosing primary Hypnic Headache. The pathophysiology of primary Hypnic Headache remains unclear, but a dysfunction of the hypothalamus seems to play a key role.

Freedom and Agency in The Second Sex

Freedom and Agency in <i>The Second Sex</i>

Automated Tire visual inspection based on low rank matrix recovery

Visual inspection is a challenging and widely employed process in industries. In this work, an automated tire visual inspection system is proposed based on low rank matrix recovery. Deep Network is employed to perform texture segmentation which benefits low rank decomposition in both quality and computational efficiency. We propose a dual optimization method to improve convergence speed and matrix sparsity by incorporating the improvement of the soft-threshold shrinkage operator by the weight matrix M. We investigated how incremental multiplier affects the decomposition accuracy and the convergence speed of the algorithm. On this basis, image blocks were decomposed into low-rank matrix and sparse matrix in which defects were separated. Comparative experiments have been performed on our dataset. Experimental results validate the theoretical analysis. The method is promising in false alarm, robustness and running time based on multi-core processor distributed computing. It can be extended to other real-time industrial applications.

Temperature and attendance displaying digital wall clock

Time is the most valuable thing in life. From the very ancient era, People used to measure time through the movement of sun and stars. With the ages, the evolution of time measuring devices came into sight. People start using sundials, hour-glass/sand glass, pendulum, Quartz etc to measure the particular length of time. Pendulum is widely known for its accuracy of time. The first mechanical clock came into existence in the early 14th century. After that different kinds of analog clocks were introduced like alarm clocks, wrist watches etc. Nowadays, people are fully dependent on digital clocks to keep track of time. It makes it easy and quite efficient to read the time on the basis of 24 hours. Every national and international time schedule is described in 24 hours format. Digital clocks are installed on every Railway station, government offices, banks etc. for the convenience of citizens. Because of their elegant look and small size, it can be incorporated with various electronic devices like televisions, computers, mobile phones further leading to enhance the features of those devices.

The Rest Is History

The Rest Is History

Pre- and in-hospital delays in the use of thrombolytic therapy for patients with acute ischemic stroke in rural and urban Egypt.

Reducing pre- and in-hospital delays plays an important role in increasing the rate of intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) in patients with acute ischemic stroke. In Egypt, the IVT rate has increased steadily but is still far away from an ideal rate. The study aimed to investigate the factors associated with pre- and in-hospital delays of IVT among patients with acute ischemic stroke coming from urban and rural communities. This prospective, multicenter, observational cohort study was conducted from January 2018 to January 2019. Patients with acute ischemic stroke, who did not receive IVT, were included in the study. Patients were recruited from three large university stroke centers in Egypt, Assiut (south of Egypt), Tanta (north of Egypt), both serving urban and rural patients, and the University Hospital in Cairo (capital city), only serving an urban community. All participants underwent the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale and full neurological assessment, urgent laboratory investigations, and computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging to confirm the stroke diagnosis. The patients were subjected to a structured questionnaire that was designed to determine the parameters and time metrics for the pre- and in-hospital delays among patients from rural and urban regions. A total of 618 patients were included in the study, of which 364 patients (58.9%) lived in rural regions and 254 (41.1%) in urban regions. General demographic characteristics were similar between both groups. Approximately 73.3% of patients who arrived within the therapeutic time window were urban patients. The time from symptom onset till hospital arrival (onset to door time, ODT) was significantly longer among rural patients (738 ± 690 min) than urban patients (360 ± 342 min). Delayed onset to alarm time (OAT), initial misdiagnosis, and presentation to non-stroke-ready hospitals were the most common causes of pre-hospital delay and were significantly higher in rural patients. For patients arriving within the time window, the most common causes of in-hospital delays were prolonged laboratory investigations and imaging duration. The limited availability of stroke-ready hospitals in rural Egypt leads to delays in stroke management, with subsequent treatment inequality of rural patients with acute stroke.

Bamboo Scrimber’s Physical and Mechanical Properties in Comparison to Four Structural Timber Species

Bamboo scrimber is a sustainable engineered material that overcomes natural round bamboo’s various weaknesses. This study compared the bamboo scrimber’s mechanical (strength, stiffness, and ductility) to timber. The results showed that scrimber’s physical and mechanical properties are comparable, even superior, to wood, especially in compression. Scrimber has a higher density than timber. Its drier equilibrium moisture content indicates that scrimber is more hydrophobic than timbers. The maximum crushing strength (σc//), compressive stress perpendicular-to-fiber at the proportional limit (σcp⊥) and that at the 0.04” deformation (σc0.04⊥), shear strength (τ//), longitudinal compressive modulus of elasticity (Ec//), lateral compressive modulus of elasticity (Ec⊥), and modulus of rigidity (G) of scrimber are higher than those of timbers. Both scrimber’s and timber’s flexural properties (modulus of rupture (σb) and flexural modulus of elasticity (Eb)) are comparable. On the contrary, the tensile strength parallel-to-fiber (σt//) of scrimber is weaker than that of timber. Scrimber is high ductility (μ &gt; 6) when subjected to compression perpendicular-to-fiber, medium ductility (4 &lt; μ ≤ 6) when subjected to compression parallel-to-fiber, and low ductility (brittle) when subjected to bending, shear, or tensile parallel-to-fiber. The higher ductility of scrimber may give an alarm and more time before failure than timbers. Timbers have brittle to lower ductility when receiving each kind of loading scheme. The ratio of shear modulus to strength (G/τ) and compression modulus to strength parallel-to-fiber (EC∥/σC∥) strongly correlates with the ductility ratio. However, the ratio of the flexural modulus of elasticity to the modulus of rupture (Eb/σb) and the ratio of the modulus Young to compression stress perpendicular-to-fiber (Ec⊥/σcp⊥) do not strongly correlate to the ductility value.

A hierarchical early kick detection method using a cascaded GRU network

The lagged response of some monitoring parameters leads to alarm delays in a multi-parameter kick warning system. In order to improve the timeliness of kick warning, a hierarchical early kick detection method using a cascaded gated recurrent unit (GRU) network is proposed. In this method, the GRU is used as the basic unit to detect abnormal parameter changes, a graded kick warning model is constructed, in which a risk assessment of low, moderate, high likelihood is took depending on the number of parameters that have been abnormal at different moments. The cascaded network monitors parameters of different sensitivities in groups, and obtaining better data fitting effect by reducing the number of parameters detected by each level of the network, thus achieving a more accurate classification of the kick likelihood. In addition, a new parameter priority indicator, that measures the change rate and reaction time of the parameter using the variation of the parameter, is proposed for parameter responsiveness ranking. The test results using the field data from 22 wells show that the proposed method achieves the correct grading of low risk to high risk. Compared with the conventional GRU model, the kick recognition-accuracy is improved by 5.88%, while the alarm time is 1.5 min earlier on average.

A fire alarm judgment method using multiple smoke alarms based on Bayesian estimation

Smoke alarms are the most widely used fire sensors; however, their false-alarm rate is high. Owing to the difficulties in replacing all installed smoke alarms in a short period, improving the fire detection accuracy of the installed alarms is a significant challenge for the fire emergency response team. Therefore, this study proposes a fire alarm judgment method with multiple smoke alarms based on Bayesian estimation. To this end, we propose a novel criterion called fire alarm authenticity, wherein the alarm time intervals of multiple smoke alarms are used to calculate the posterior probability distribution of the location and intensity of the fire source without installing any other type of sensors. Subsequently, an alarm sequence classification method based on the proposed criterion is developed to judge a real fire and is validated through simulations of both real fires and false alarms. The results show that the proposed method can identify 77.5% of false alarms based on no real fires to be misjudged. Applications in real fire alarm systems are also discussed, which indicate that the false alarm recognition rate reaches 80%. The proposed method provides a theoretical basis for reducing the existing false-alarm rate with multiple same-type fire alarms or detectors.

Brucella cultures characteristics, clinical characteristics, and infection biomarkers of human Brucellosis

ObjectiveAim to investigate the brucella culture characteristics, diagnosis methods, and clinical characteristics, to provide the laboratory with diagnostic methods and prevention and treatment for brucellosis. MethodsData of 328 cases of brucellosis from 2012 to 2022 was analyzed, retrospectively. The bacterial culture characteristics, the clinical diagnostic methods, and the complications were analyzed respectively. The infection biomarkers of the brucellosis were analyzed by Receiver operating characteristic curve ROC. ResultsAmong the 328 brucellosis, 78.96 % of cases were men, the median age of the patients was (45.21±13.49) years and the annual incidence in our region was 67/100 000 per year. The diagnostic methods included pathogenic bacteria culture, serological diagnosis, and suspect case were 24.39 %, 47.56 %, and 28.05 %, respectively, sensitivity of combined detection Standard agglutination test (SAT) and the Rose Bengal test (RBT) is 96.2 %. In our work, 80 cases of brucellosis were diagnosed by a bacterial culture which were been identified as Brucella melitensis, blood culture was the main method (78.75 %) and the average positive alarm time was 80.74 (21.6–129) h and all of them were detected in aerobic bottles, followed by synovial fluid, bone marrow, lumbar spine, and joint tissue, puncture fluid and ascites culture which were 6.25 %, 3.75 %, 5.00 %, 5.00 % and 1.25 % respectively. The brucellosis with complications was lumbar spine lesions at 41.46 % cervical spine lesions at 4.60 % and knee joint lesions at 12.8 % and another osteoarthritis. The in-hospital mortality rate of the patients was 0.91 % and all of them were meningitis patients. ROC analysis indicated CRP had high sensitivity and specificity for brucellosis, and when CRP was 1.23mg/ml, the sensitivity and specificity were 0.727 and 0.718 respectively, and the U test also indicated CRP had a significant difference, Z=5.054, p <0.001. ConclusionsBrucellosis is frequently morbidity in 40 + age men, which has been diagnosed by aerobic blood culture, generally bacterial culture, RBT and SAT, epidemiological, and commonly with complications of spine and arthropathy.

IoT BASED WHEELCHAIR FALL DETECTION SYSTEM

It is important to take care of our elderly people and keep an eye on their well-being and security. It is likely that they have a high risk of falling because of their fragile bones and joints, which brings in the usage of wheelchair for most of the old people. A wheelchair-bound individual who is physically impaired needs to be watched out for falls as well. There are currently monitoring systems using CCTV cameras, but they are very expensive. The average person cannot afford such a system. As a result, we suggest an affordable fall detection system using the newest technology such as Internet of Things (IoT). The system uses gyroscope and accelerometer sensors to detect individual movements. Both collaborate to detect the fall events improving the detection’s accuracy. It might be mounted on a person's hand or wheelchair for finding. The sensor is connected to a microcontroller so that it can continuously monitor the data about the increasing speed. What if the individual did not fall and the warning given was false? The framework allows the alarm to be turned off if the individual presses the snooze button within 5 seconds. Therefore, IoT will reduce user effort while also generating fertile work that makes accessing the system simple. Keywords- Arduino UNO R3, w h e e l c h a i r f a l l d e t e c t i o n , a c c u r a c y , S e n s o r s

A Wireless Infrared Thermometry Device for Postoperative Flap Monitoring: Proof of Concept in Patients.

Postoperative flap perfusion assessment methods still rely on the evaluation of traditional clinical indicators, which have the disadvantage of being subjective and burdensome. This study describes a self-designed infrared wireless thermometer for flap blood supply monitoring and evaluates its efficacy in the postoperative monitoring of 40 free flaps. The device consists of multiple temperature and humidity modules as well as a wireless module, which has the advantages of low cost and continuous remote monitoring. The alarm time of the wireless infrared thermometer was 30.5 ± 3.1hours, and the clinical observation reported 41.7 ± 13.6hours. In future studies, the device will be tested on different types of flaps in a porcine model.

Design of Perpetual Calendar Based on STC12C5A60S2 Microcontroller

This design is based on STC12C5A60S2 MCU calendar design.On account of the fast pace of modern social life, people's awareness of time is more and more strong, in order to facilitate people quickly access to time information, we put forward a product scheme which can clearly display the year, month, minute and second . Optimize the interaction design between users and products, so that users feel convenient and fast. The design of this work mainly interacts with users through IIC display screen, which is divided into five functions, such as time and date display, temperature display and warning, time storage, alarm clock setting and focus mode. Users can control the system by pressing buttons and set the function mode they want. The data reading of the first four interactive interfaces is realized by the external chip, while the time reading of the focused mode is achieved by the internal clock of the single chip microcomputer. After testing, the data can be correctly displayed in the interface of time and date; Accurate temperature reading can achieve the ideal effect; Time storage and alarm Settings can be obtained from the memory chip storage data; Focus mode can be properly timed with the internal clock.

Time Piece

I’ve never believed in setting the alarm clock early and then snoozing it, and snoozing it, and snoozing it. I calculate to the minute the time I need to get ready at full speed and then set the alarm to the very last second before. I like to be surrounded by time: a clock in every room and one for each veranda. I like to forget time: don’t wear a watch on the weekends, put the cell phone aside. I need the calendar alerts to tell me what to do next. I hate the calendar alerts telling me what to do. I set them faithfully; I grumble at them when they buzz.

누출 사고 방지를 위한 가스감지기의 응답시간 유효성에 관한 연구 - 암모니아 및 일산화탄소 중심으로

As the number of suffocation accidents related to the functions and carbon monoxide handled in the workplace increased, interest in them also increased. One of the systems that can recover the compensation for such a meal is a gas leak detector. The guidelines of the Ministry of Employment and Labor, which have ambiguous standards related to gas leak detectors, and the gas leak detector alarm time for some target substances such as carbon monoxide is 1 minute, and the target substance is 30 seconds. For this clothes, a virtual simulation was run to see if an accident could be prevented in advance if the alarm time was less than 1 minute. The simulation program was intended to study the effectiveness of the performance of detecting the target gas within 1 minute through simulation at various virtual installation locations considering industrial sites, and the KORA program of the Ministry of Environment and Fluent, a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) program, were used. Five groups of facilities and five groups of installation locations were selected and simulated, and as a result of the study, the leak rates were classified as 0.12, 0.18, and 0.36 ㎥/sec. In case of leakage of the target gas, it was confirmed that the oxygen concentration at which workers or related workers could suffocate within 1 minute was reached if the capacity was sufficient. Through the conclusion of this study, the time for the performance of the gas leak detector presented in the technical guidelines was studied as a meaningful time for suffocation, and in addition, the safety awareness of workers and those performing related tasks in the workplace increased, resulting in unfortunate human casualties. is expected to decrease.

Effects of using a snooze alarm on sleep inertia after morning awakening

BackgroundMany people use the snooze function of digital alarm clocks for morning awakening, but the effects of a snooze alarm on waking are unclear. We examined the effects of a snooze alarm on sleep inertia, which is a transitional state characterized by reduced arousal and impaired cognitive and behavioral performance immediately upon awakening.MethodsIn study 1, healthy Japanese university students responded to a sleep survey during a psychology class (study 1), and we collected 293 valid responses. In study 2, we compared a separate sample of university students (n = 10) for the effects of using or not using a snooze alarm on sleep inertia immediately after awakening from normal nocturnal sleep in a sleep laboratory.ResultsOf 293 valid respondents in study 1, 251 often used a tool to wake up in the morning (85.7%). Moreover, 70.5% reported often using the snooze function of their mobile phones, mainly to reduce anxiety about oversleeping. Study 2 indicated no differences in the sleep quality or quantity before awakening with or without the snooze alarm, except in the last 20 min. However, during the last 20 min of sleep with snooze alarm, the snooze alarm prolonged waking and stage N1 sleep. Stage N1 sleep is non-rapid eye movement sleep that is primarily defined as a drowsy state. Furthermore, Global Vigor values were enhanced after awakening compared to pre-sleep in the no-snooze condition.ConclusionsUsing a snooze alarm prolongs sleep inertia compared to a single alarm, possibly because snooze alarms induce repeated forced awakenings.

Caricature and Print Culture in Late-Imperial Russia

Abstract Caricature became entrenched as a common form of social commentary in Russian visual culture in the latter half of the nineteenth century. Four prominent humor magazines: Iskra (Spark, 1859–1873), Budil’nik (Alarm Clock, 1865–1918), Strekoza (Dragonfly, 1875–1908), and Oskolki (Splinters, 1881–1916) promoted caricatures and built success largely on the public’s appetite for them. The editors and staff of these humor magazines made caricature a ready and effective tool of social criticism and helped develop a critical public familiar enough with the form to appreciate it. The rather gentle caricature of the early period and its benign social criticism established a foundation for a harsher partisan form of caricature as political advocacy during the revolution of 1905–1906.